CN109811300A - A kind of standard component zincizing technique - Google Patents
A kind of standard component zincizing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN109811300A CN109811300A CN201910284249.2A CN201910284249A CN109811300A CN 109811300 A CN109811300 A CN 109811300A CN 201910284249 A CN201910284249 A CN 201910284249A CN 109811300 A CN109811300 A CN 109811300A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of standard component zincizing techniques, belong to anti-corrosion processing technique field, it is post-processed including zincizing pre-treatment, vacuum zincizing and zincizing, form the industrial flow-line production technology for small-volume workpieces such as standard components of complete set, on the basis of removing repeated process from, front and back process avoided to interfere, it can be improved zincizing efficiency, and can ensure that zincizing is uniform, workpiece is beautiful, corrosion resistance is superior and economical, environmentally friendly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of standard component zincizing techniques, belong to anti-corrosion processing technique field, are particularly suitable for small size work
The industrial flow-line zincizing preservative treatment of part.
Background technique
The requirement of Environmental protection in recent years is higher and higher, to be served as theme with cutting down gross contamination emission, establishes
And a variety of incentive mechanisms are improved, " 15 " prevention and cure of pollution target is striven for, " two-win " promoted economic development with environmental protection.
Therefore it requires also to be increasingly stringenter in the anticorrosion process of mechanical processing industry, the emission request of pollutant is also increasingly stringenter,
The domestic many zincizing enterprises of degreasing and rust removal are unfavorable for environment protection control, alternatively, without subsequent painting using modes such as pickling at present
Processing and the selection of coating liquid are covered, the antiseptic property of zincizing part is reduced；In addition, when the more complicated component of processing shape,
The thickness of erosion resistant coating cannot be guaranteed that thickness is uniform, such as the positions such as screw thread, inner wall or groove, the hardness and wearability of erosion resistant coating
Requirement is not able to satisfy in the harsh place of environment.Therefore, researching and developing a set of not only environmentally friendly but also good performance anticorrosion process is to compel
The eyebrows and eyelashes.
Vacuum zincizing is to cover a kind of new steel piece to grow up on the basis of (powder zincizing) in non-electrolytic zinc powder to prevent
The steel piece Corrosion Protection of corrosion surface treatment process, processing is more superior, has compared with traditional zincincation
Antiseptic property.It is mutual by Heating Zn iron atom since vacuum zincizing is that workpiece and zinc powder are placed in the container of sealing
Diffusion, and the surface protection technology of uniform zinc-iron alloy layer is formed in steel surface.Therefore reduce zinc in process of production
Oxidation, to reduce the dosage of zinc, reduce zincizing cost compared with hot galvanizing with the substantially hot galvanizing of zinc amount 1/3.And
Sheradizing treatment temperature is lower compared with other metallic element diffusion methods, therefore can keep being seeped the mechanical property of component, and
By the deflection very little of infiltration component.Compared with hot galvanizing, zinc coat hardness with higher and wearability, moreover, zinc coat with
The potential difference of iron, the potential difference than zinc and iron is small, and as positive polarity protective layer, zinc coat has better anticorrosion ability.Together
When, vacuum zincizing category environment-friendly products are harmless to environment and human body, and meet environmental protection administration's requirement, can found the factory in urban district, from
And reduce freight, it reduces costs.
Although vacuum zincizing has the above advantages, but is difficult to be directly applied for the zincizing preservative treatment of different product
On, such as common i shaped steel, is relatively simple planar structure, in zincizing processing primary concern is that there is enough infiltrations
Zinc coating thickness produces if the vacuum zincizing technique of I-steel is directly used in the processing of the mini standards part such as bolt, nut
The final antiseptic property of product will vary considerably, therefore, how economical, environmental protection anti-to the high performance zincizing of standard component progress
The problem of corruption processing is still urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above technical deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of standard component zincizing techniques, and antiseptic property is good and passes through
Ji, environmental protection.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of standard component zincizing technique, including zincizing pre-treatment, vacuum zincizing and zincizing
Post-processing,
The zincizing pre-treatment includes oil removing and derusting, and the oil removing is that the workpiece electric heating of zincizing processing is treated in except oil oven
Oil removing, the derusting are by the workpiece impeller blasting after oil removing；
The vacuum zincizing includes feed intake temperature rise period, holding stage and cooling discharging phase, is added in the temperature rise period that feeds intake
The material for entering vacuum zincizing furnace includes workpiece by zincizing pre-treatment, by zinc powders and the anti-bonding of 40~75 purposes more than 325 mesh
The furnace charge penetration enhancer and ammonium chloride that agent is configured to, the holding temperature of the holding stage is 400~410 DEG C, soaking time be 180~
240 minutes, vent valve is opened according to the pressure value of vacuum zincizing furnace in holding stage, when vacuum infiltration in the cooling discharging phase
The discharging at 100 DEG C or less of the temperature of zinc furnace；
It includes that powder is separated and coated that the zincizing, which post-processes, and the powder separation includes level-one separation and the second-order separation, described
Level-one, which is separated into, is put into the discharging after vacuum zincizing on separator, starting separator operating from sieve pore remove powder, described two
Grade is separated into shot-blasting machine to the workpiece low speed impeller blasting workpiece recess after level-one separates, the powder in screw thread, institute
It states applied to the workpiece after powder separates is submerged using coating liquid, forms coat in workpiece surface after taking-up.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the cooling discharging phase includes the first temperature-fall period and the second cooling rank
Section, the calandria of vacuum zincizing furnace opens gap in first temperature-fall period, and holding time for the first temperature-fall period be 30~
60 minutes, the calandria of vacuum zincizing furnace was fully open in the second temperature-fall period.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the gap that calandria is opened in first temperature-fall period is 10~20cm,
The opening time of calandria is 40~60 minutes after reaching soaking time, closing heating power supply, calandria in the second temperature-fall period
Fully open 30~after forty minutes the roller of vacuum zincizing furnace stop operating.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the zincizing pre-treatment includes baker, and the baker is will be more than 325 mesh
The anti-adhesive agent of zinc powder and 40~75 mesh is configured to furnace charge penetration enhancer, is added in vacuum zincizing furnace is warming up to furnace body and furnace charge infiltration later
Agent is dry.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the antitack agent is aluminium oxide, the zinc powder and aluminium oxide being added in baker
Mass ratio be 1:2, the mass ratio of the zinc powder and aluminium oxide that are added in vacuum zincizing is 2:1.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the relationship that the amount and workpiece weight of zinc powder are added in the vacuum zincizing is 1
The zinc powder of 35kg or more is added in ton workpiece.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the time of workpiece immersion coating liquid is 5 minutes in the coating, in coating liquid
Middle taking-up workpiece and after draining, puts the workpiece in except coating liquid is dried in electric heating in oil oven, the temperature of coating liquid is dried in electric heating
≤80℃。
Technical solution of the present invention further include: coating liquid is deployed using distilled water in winter in the coating, distilled water
Dosage accounts for the 10~20% of coating agent.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: in the level-one separation, workpiece continues through oblique point after separator
It disembarks structure, the bottom plate of the oblique separating mechanism is provided with the sieve pore of removal powder, the separator and oblique separating mechanism
The powder collecting mechanism of enclosed construction is equipped with below sieve pore.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the derusting uses the first shot-blasting machine, and the second-order separation uses the
Two shot-blasting machines, first shot-blasting machine are different from the second shot-blasting machine.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: firstly, being handled using electric heating oil removing and impeller blasting before zincizing workpiece, one
Environmental pollution caused by the sewage of the acid cleaning process discharge of conventional degreasing and rust removal is avoided, two come using electric heating oil removing, and existing
The coal-fired high temperature having is except oil oven is compared, the advantage with environment-friendly high-efficiency；Secondly, selecting the zinc of 325 mesh or more in vacuum zincizing
Powder configures furnace charge penetration enhancer, can be improved zincizing effect, and the setting of soaking time and temperature, be comprehensively consider zincizing it is appropriate and
Workpieces in subsequent proper engagement uses after zincizing, while opening vent valve according to pressure in holding stage, is avoided in zincizing
Ammonium chloride gasification causes explosion caused by air pressure raising in furnace, it is ensured that safety in production；In addition, using two-stage powder point after zincizing
From with coating coating liquid, one come using sieve pore screening by the way of separate powder, be convenient for subsequent recycling and reusing, 2 two fractions
Removing is separated with the powder of screw thread position completely from workpiece can be recessed, and forms coat after separating, and can reinforce workpiece
Corrosion resistance.In short, the industrial flow-line for small-volume workpieces such as standard components the present invention provides complete set is raw
Production. art eliminates many repeated processes, avoids the interference of front and back process, improve work efficiency, zincizing is uniform, workpiece
Beauty, corrosion resistance are far superior to common zincizing technique, and environmental protection, economy.
On the other hand, in zincizing technique of the invention, zincizing feeds intake to feed intake 35kg or more zinc powder for 1 ton of workpiece, and it is proper to make
The standard component that product is small, surface area is big can reach the thickness of Zinized surface layer needs.
On the other hand, present invention discover that the state of coating liquid will have a direct impact on the appearance and Corrosion Protection of product, at present
Coating agent diluted concentration and dilution materials use underground water (mineral water) or tap water, thus the present invention carry out with water it is excellent
Change, according to the variation in season, mainly in temperature lower winter, the viscosity of coating agent carries out being deployed into coating using distilled water
Liquid, with the product appearance and Corrosion Protection got well.
On the other hand, the present invention shares a set of shot-blast apparatus with derusting to current common clear powder and improves, and makes respectively
With two shot-blasting machines, the rust powder for avoiding derusting from being left with shot-blasting machine with this is attached on zincizing part, caused by antirust ability decline.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention is further illustrated by the examples.
Standard component zincizing technique of the invention mainly passes through zincizing pre-treatment, vacuum zincizing and the step greatly of zincizing post-processing three
It is rapid to realize, wherein zincizing pre-treatment includes waiting the oil removing and derusting of the workpiece of zincizing preservative treatment, and in equipment sky
Set the baker processing of a period of time or new equipment when running for the first time；Vacuum zincizing is primarily referred to as workpiece, furnace charge penetration enhancer and catalysis
The zincizing stage of reaction that agent occurs in vacuum zincizing furnace, by the difference of in-furnace temperature can be roughly divided into the heating that feeds intake, heat preservation with
And cooling discharging three phases；Zincizing post-processing includes the separation to workpiece and powder after vacuum zincizing, powder master herein
If the furnace charge penetration enhancer contacted with workpiece, and the coating to workpiece, to enhance its corrosion resistance.
Fig. 1 shows in equipment idle a period of time, and usually 2-3 days or more or new equipment need when using for the first time
The embodiment of baker processing, specifically includes the following steps:
1) baker: the anti-adhesive agent of more than 325 mesh zinc powder and 40~75 mesh is configured to furnace charge penetration enhancer, vacuum zincizing furnace is added
It is interior, power supply heating Sherardizing furnace heating drying is opened later, until furnace body and the furnace charge penetration enhancer of addition keep drying.
The reason of baker herein was handled 2-3 days equipment free time, or while using for the first time carries out be, avoid furnace body with
The furnace charge penetration enhancer added for the first time contains moisture, influences the treatment effect of subsequent vacuum zincizing, and in continuous production, furnace body is lasting
Keep drying, and the furnace charge penetration enhancer of relatively small amount need to only be added in vacuum zincizing step, thus can need not each baker, to mention
High production capacity.
The antitack agent that baker processing is added can select aluminium oxide or quartz sand, it is contemplated that the performance of aluminium oxide is better than
Quartz sand, and frequently replaced without image-stone sand, select aluminium oxide as anti-adhesive agent in the present embodiment, and choose 40~75 mesh
To obtain the optimal anti-stick effect of cost performance.
In the present embodiment, the zinc powder of addition selects 325 mesh or more, with the zincizing effect obtained, and presses the matter of general 1:2
Amount is added more aluminium oxide, bonds to avoid in baker than zinc powder and aluminium oxide is added.It specifically, can be by furnace
Temperature is heated to 300 DEG C or so, and maintains to complete furnace body in furnace body rotation status 2.5 hours and the drying of furnace charge penetration enhancer is added.
2) oil removing: workpiece to be treated is put into except electric heating oil removing in oil oven.
It is needed in the step using except oil oven, the present embodiment removes oil oven using electrically heated, to avoid low caused by fire coal
The remaining processing oil film of workpiece surface is burnt into charcoal using the electric heating energy except oil oven and removed by effect, pollution problem, to avoid
Subsequent zincizing is influenced, false infiltration or not permeable is caused.
Specifically, workpiece is 380 DEG C or so in the oil temperature of removing except oil oven, and the time is at least 2 hours, in the oil removing time
With more excellent effect is obtained on energy consumption.
3) it derusts: the workpiece after step 2 oil removing being moved to and carries out impeller blasting in shot-blasting machine.
The step is to carry out after oil removing, but oil removing, derusting and the baker processing of vacuum zincizing furnace of workpiece are mutually without shadow
It rings, can carry out simultaneously.Processing of rust removing is carried out to workpiece, has similar purpose, i.e., readily available subsequent good infiltration with oil removal treatment
Zinc effect.
In this implementation, workpiece shot-blasting machine impeller blasting temperature at 45 DEG C or so, to avoid the excessively high shot-blasting machine that scorches
Rubber belt track is transported, or spends low cost more working hours.
4) zincizing: by the temperature change of vacuum zincizing furnace in zincizing can be roughly divided into the temperature rise period that feeds intake, holding stage and
Cool down discharging phase, specifically:
I, it feeds intake the temperature rise period
The material being added in furnace has the workpiece by step 2,3) after oil removing, processing of rust removing, uses zinc powders and 40 more than 325 mesh
The furnace charge penetration enhancer that the aluminium oxide of~75 mesh is configured to, and play the ammonium chloride of catalyst action.After feeding intake, bell is closed
Closed unlatching power supply is kept to carry out heat temperature raising.
In the step, the furnace charge penetration enhancer ingredient of addition is identical as the baker stage, and difference is the matter of zinc powder and aluminium oxide
Ratio is measured, zinc powder and aluminium oxide are added by 2:1 mass ratio herein, to provide enough zincizing reactions required zinc for workpiece, specifically
Ground, the zinc powder amount that 35kg or more can be added by 1 ton of workpiece is added so that standard component small in size, that surface area is big, as bolt,
Nut etc. can reach the thickness of Zinized surface layer needs.
II, holding stage
When in-furnace temperature reaches 400~410 DEG C, keep the temperature up to 180~240 minutes, so that the workpiece and zinc powder that are added
Zincizing forms zinc-iron alloy layer in workpiece surface.Meanwhile during incubation, the pressure value in furnace is observed, when reaching 0.05MPa
When, it opens vent valve and deflates, avoid furnace pressure is excessively high from setting off an explosion, produce to ensure safety.
The reason of deflating is needed to be in holding stage, the ammonium chloride catalyst of addition can gasify at the reaction temperatures
Reaction causes air pressure in furnace to increase.
In addition, in the present embodiment, it is set in 400~410 DEG C and keeps the temperature 180~240 minutes, is that comprehensively consider temperature excessively high
It will cause bonding zincizing failure, and the time is too short so that zincizing is not thorough, overlong time, zincizing is excessive, the enrichment of outer layer iron atom
It has been easy rust spot.
III, cool down discharging phase
After holding stage arrival needs the time, heating power supply is closed, vacuum zincizing furnace starts to cool down, when in-furnace temperature reaches 100
DEG C or less when discharging.
In the present embodiment, includes the first cooling and second two stages of cooling, continuing to heat using waste heat with this
While zincizing, the heat dissipation time of this process can be reduced, it is energy saving, improve production efficiency.
Specifically, the first temperature-fall period is 40~60 minutes after closing heating power supply, by the calandria of vacuum zincizing furnace
A gap is opened, the specific gap can be 10~20cm, maintain 30~60 minutes.Enter the second temperature-fall period later, i.e., will add
Hot body is fully open, hereafter the roller of vacuum zincizing furnace continue to rotate 30~stop after forty minutes, hereafter when in-furnace temperature reaches
Discharging at 100 DEG C or less.Herein, after calandria is fully open, still maintain roller rotate 30~40 minutes the reason of be,
The temperature in flue is also very high at this time, and continuing to rotate can continue slowly to react with zincizing, in addition can workpiece is outmost
Zinc powder shake loosens, and prepares for the separation of subsequent powder.
5) level-one separates: the flue that step 4) discharging is taken out being put on separator, starting separator operating is gone from sieve pore
Except most of powder.
In level-one separation, in order to improve the separating effect of powder, oblique separating mechanism is increased again after separator, and
Sieve pore is set in the bottom plate of oblique separating mechanism, using gravity workpiece when gliding, the powder of attachment can be separated from sieve pore.
In the present embodiment, closed collection is carried out to isolated powder, that is, in the sieve pore of separator and oblique separating mechanism
Lower section is respectively provided with the powder collecting mechanism of enclosed construction, be scattered in zinc powder during discharging will not outside, it is ensured that production environment
It is clean and tidy, reduce the waste of zinc powder, the air quality of site work environment can be improved.And powder is separated with current Water flush
It compares, can avoid causing useless solid discharge.
6) the second-order separation: moving on to progress low speed ball blast in shot-blasting machine for the workpiece after the separation of step 5) level-one, dry to clear up
Powder in net workpiece recess, screw thread.
In the present embodiment, the shot-blasting machine of the step and the shot-blasting machine in step 3) derusting are using different, to avoid derusting
The rust powder left with shot-blasting machine is attached on zincizing part, caused by antirust ability decline.
7) it coats: by 5 minutes in the workpiece immersion coating liquid after step 6) classification separation and draining.
In the present embodiment, immerses 5 minutes certifiable coating liquids and workpiece completely attaches to the mobility for coating, and working as coating agent
It is lower, when such as winter, deploy coating liquid using the distilled water that dosage accounts for coating agent 10~20%, with the product appearance get well with
Corrosion Protection.
8) post-process: the workpiece after step 7) is coated is packed into tooling, is put into except being heated to 80 DEG C in oil oven, is kept the temperature 20
~30min opens kiln taking-up after being cooled to 40 DEG C.
This step except in oil oven heating can shorten the drying time of coating liquid, and temperature at 80 DEG C hereinafter, can keep away
Exempt to cause adverse effect to coating agent in heat drying.If process time is unrestricted, this step can be omitted, and can be used certainly
The mode so dried.
The standard component of zincizing process of the invention will be used, by taking bolt and nut as an example, with blue white cold galvanizing, cold plating
Color zinc, trivalent chromium processing, hot dip ash zinc, carry out salt spray test comparison.When test, simulation uses screw bolt and nut first, repeatedly
It tightens, screw out three times, place into observation surface of test piece later and the time of non-white rust state occur, such as yellow rust, it is small that the time is greater than 200
When, it can assert corrosion resistance qualification.Through experimental observation, surface of test piece transformation period after each process are as follows:
Blue white cold galvanizing 24 hours；
Cold zinc electroplating with iridescent yellow chromate conversion coating 72 hours；
Trivalent chromium 96 hours；
Hot dip ash zinc > 200 hours, but it is threadedly engaged failure, crash rate is 3% or so；
> of the present invention 200 hours, and be threadedly engaged reliable.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does limitation in any form to the present invention, all at this
Done any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention within the spirit and principle of invention
Within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of standard component zincizing technique, it is characterised in that: it is post-processed including zincizing pre-treatment, vacuum zincizing and zincizing,
The zincizing pre-treatment includes oil removing and derusting, and the oil removing is that the workpiece electric heating of zincizing processing is treated in except oil oven
Oil removing, the derusting are by the workpiece impeller blasting after oil removing；
The vacuum zincizing includes feed intake temperature rise period, holding stage and cooling discharging phase, is added in the temperature rise period that feeds intake
The material for entering vacuum zincizing furnace includes workpiece by zincizing pre-treatment, by zinc powders and the anti-bonding of 40~75 purposes more than 325 mesh
The furnace charge penetration enhancer and ammonium chloride that agent is configured to, the holding temperature of the holding stage is 400~410 DEG C, soaking time be 180~
240 minutes, vent valve is opened according to the pressure value of vacuum zincizing furnace in holding stage, when vacuum infiltration in the cooling discharging phase
The discharging at 100 DEG C or less of the temperature of zinc furnace；
It includes that powder is separated and coated that the zincizing, which post-processes, and the powder separation includes level-one separation and the second-order separation, described
Level-one, which is separated into, is put into the discharging after vacuum zincizing on separator, starting separator operating from sieve pore remove powder, described two
Grade is separated into shot-blasting machine to the workpiece low speed impeller blasting workpiece recess after level-one separates, the powder in screw thread, institute
It states applied to the workpiece after powder separates is submerged using coating liquid, forms coat in workpiece surface after taking-up.
2. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cooling discharging phase includes first
Temperature-fall period and the second temperature-fall period, the calandria of vacuum zincizing furnace opens gap, the first cooling in first temperature-fall period
Holding time for stage is 30~60 minutes, and the calandria of vacuum zincizing furnace is fully open in the second temperature-fall period.
3. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: calandria in first temperature-fall period
The gap of opening is 10~20cm, the opening time of calandria 40~60 minutes after reaching soaking time, closing heating power supply,
The roller of vacuum zincizing furnace of calandria fully open 30 in second temperature-fall period~after forty minutes stops operating.
4. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as described in claims 1 to 3 is any, it is characterised in that: the zincizing pre-treatment packet
Baker is included, the baker is that the anti-adhesive agent of more than 325 mesh zinc powder and 40~75 mesh is configured to furnace charge penetration enhancer, is added later
It is warming up to furnace body in vacuum zincizing furnace and furnace charge penetration enhancer is dry.
5. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the antitack agent is aluminium oxide, is dried
The mass ratio of the zinc powder and aluminium oxide that are added in furnace is 1:2, and the mass ratio of the zinc powder and aluminium oxide that are added in vacuum zincizing is 2:
1。
6. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: zinc powder is added in the vacuum zincizing
Measure is with the relationship of workpiece weight, and the zinc powder of 35kg or more is added in 1 ton of workpiece.
7. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as described in claims 1 to 3 is any, it is characterised in that: workpiece soaks in the coating
The time for entering coating liquid is 5 minutes, after workpiece is taken out in coating liquid and is drained, is put the workpiece in except electric heating is dried in oil oven
Temperature≤80 DEG C of coating liquid are dried in coating liquid, electric heating.
8. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: in winter using distillation in the coating
Water deploys coating liquid, and the dosage of distilled water accounts for the 10~20% of coating agent.
9. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the level-one separation, workpiece passes through
Oblique separating mechanism is continued through after separator, the bottom plate of the oblique separating mechanism is provided with the sieve pore of removal powder, described
The powder collecting mechanism of enclosed construction is equipped with below the sieve pore of separator and oblique separating mechanism.
10. a kind of standard component zincizing technique as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the derusting uses the first throwing
Ball machine, the second-order separation use the second shot-blasting machine, and first shot-blasting machine is different from the second shot-blasting machine.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114277365A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 郑州中原利达新材料有限公司 | Zinc impregnation piece re-corrosion prevention process |
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Application publication date: 20190528 |