CN109811115A - A kind of determination method of bainitic steel heat forming technology window - Google Patents
A kind of determination method of bainitic steel heat forming technology window Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of determination methods of bainitic steel heat forming technology window.Its technical solution is: based on trus stress σ and true strain ε data that thermal simulation experiment obtains, determine the dynamic recrystallization condition of bainitic steel, differently strained hot working chart and activation energy figure are drawn, the region of overlapping region intrinsic ionization energy Q variation minimum and fluctuation less than or equal to 1% with safety zone and dynamic recrystallization area in hot working chart is the heat forming technology window of corresponding strain.The present invention can effectively avoid bainitic steel from the defects of coarse-grain, mixed crystal and crackle occur, obtain relatively uniform dynamic recrystallized structure, so that it is guaranteed that the performance quality of product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the determination technical fields of heat forming technology window.Specially a kind of bainitic steel heat forming technology window
The determination method of mouth.
Background technique
The performance quality of alloy hot forming part depends primarily on thermal procession and forming parameters, for given heating power
Process, when one timing of original structure and deformation history, forming parameter mainly includes temperature, deformation extent and strain rate.Practice
Prove: suitable forming parameter, which combines, can guarantee the good formability of alloy and uniform product tissue, and inappropriate forming
Parameter combination will lead to the properties of product of the undesirable formability of metal or alloy and poor quality.Therefore, heat forming technology window answers position
Forming safety zone (stable region) in temperature-deformation extent-strain rate space, and ensure interiors of products zero defect and microcosmic
Tissue is ideal.
The hot working chart constructed according to dynamic material model is that identification is material forming safety zone (stable region) and dangerous
Area (unstable region), the important tool for optimizing heat forming technology parameter, a kind of " system of high temperature alloy GH984G18 heat processing technique
Determine method " (CN201511025177) patented technology by thermal simulation experiment determines material under different temperatures, strain rate
Processable range, analyze influence of the different processing parameters to alloy Deformation structure, answered with the stress that hot compression obtains
The hot working chart that differently strained condition is drawn based on varied curve judges hot-working according to the energy dissipation value in each hot working chart
Optimal process region, safety zone and unstability region, describe to be had by safety zone in hot working chart and danger zone
The heat processing technique window of body.A kind of " magnesium alloy heat processing technique New Optimizing Method " (CN201710028472) patented technology,
The hot working chart of alloy and dynamic recrystallization contour map are overlapped, process safety area is selected and occur dynamically to tie again completely
The thermal process parameter that deformation parameter corresponding to brilliant common region is suitable for as alloy." a kind of optimization aluminum alloy heat adds
For the method for work technique " (CN201711265241) according to the hot working chart for including dynamic recrystallization generation area, selection is equivalent
Contour line is sparse, power consumption values are higher and Deformation Parameters corresponding to the safety zone of dynamic recrystallization occur to aluminum alloy materials
It is processed.
Dislocation motion is the main deformation mechanism of alloy, and Apparent activation energy is that the quantization of characterization dislocation motion drag size refers to
Mark, value variation will cause the large change of crystallite dimension, and lead to the microdefect of deformed region, however, above-mentioned each alloy
The determination method of processing technology is not directed to influence of the alloy Apparent activation energy variation to drip molding performance quality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to overcome prior art defect, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of bainitic steel heat forming technology window really
Determine method, this method can effectively avoid bainitic steel from the defects of coarse-grain, mixed crystal and crackle occur, obtain relatively uniform dynamic again
Crystalline structure, to significantly improve product quality.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
1) bainitic steel sample is heated to 1500K with the rate of 10K/s, keeps the temperature 3~5min；It is cold with the rate of 3K/s again
But to 1150~1500K, 2~3min is kept the temperature；Then under conditions of mutually synthermal, with rate of deformationIsothermal
It is compressed to true strain ε=0.7, it is bent to obtain σ-ε by trus stress σ and true strain ε data when obtaining bainitic steel pyroplastic deformability
Line.
2) it according to σ-ε curve, sets about trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and rate of deformationBetween function close
System
In formula (1): a0、a1、a2……a11Indicate different regression coefficients；The acquirement of the regression coefficient: step 1 is obtained
Trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and the rate of deformation arrivedSubstitution formula (1) to get regression coefficient specific value:
a0=1.05319E+01；a1=-4.75250E-03；a2=-4.37606E-09；a3=1.75814E-05；a4=-
2.32102E-02；a5=-4.07973E-01；a6=4.33500E-01；a7=-4.91153E-04；a8=-2.47840E-
04；a9=1.01443E+01；a10=-6.16723E-04；a11=8.21663E-01.
Again with corresponding a in the specific value alternate form (1) of the regression coefficient0、a1、a2……a11, obtain bainitic steel
Constitutive relation model.
3) it according to the trus stress σ, true strain ε and the constitutive relation model, successively determines:
Speed sensitive coefficientPower dissipation coefficientWith unstability coefficient
In deformation temperature-strain rate logarithmic coordinates system, power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability system are drawn respectively
Number ξ distribution map, then power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability coefficient ξ distribution map are superimposed, obtain hot working chart.
4) according to the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data and the constitutive relation model, θ-σ curved line relation, θ are determined
Indicate the modulus of strain hardening,
Correspond to θ-σ point of inflexion on a curve according to the starting point of dynamic recrystallization, determine the dynamic recrystallization condition of bainitic steel,
Dynamic recrystallization area is drawn in hot working chart.
5) region according to unstability coefficient ξ greater than 0 is forming safety zone, determines the safety zone in the hot working chart and dynamic
The overlay region of recrystallization zone.
6) according to the letter between the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data, constitutive relation model and deformation and thermal parameter
Number relationshipIt determines activation energy Q, activation energy Q isogram is then drawn in the overlay region.
In functional relation between the deformation and thermal parameter: A indicates material constant；N is stress exponent；R is that gas is normal
Number.
7) with the overlay region intrinsic ionization energy Q isopleth is sparse and the region of relative standard deviation≤1% of activation energy Q is heat
Forming technology window.
Chemical component of the bainitic steel based on mass percentage are as follows:
0.053C-0.310Si-1.567Mn-0.014P-0.005S-0.246Mo-0.014Ti-0.236Ni-0.0012B。
The size of the bainitic steel sample is
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention has the advantage that and the utility model has the advantages that
1. the trus stress σ and true strain ε data that obtain the present invention is based on hot compression determine the dynamic recrystallization of bainitic steel
Condition draws differently strained hot working chart and activation energy figure, with the weight of safety zone and dynamic recrystallization area in hot working chart
Folded region intrinsic ionization energy Q variation is minimum and fluctuates the heat forming technology window that the region no more than 1% is corresponding strain, thus
Identified process window internal shaping not only can effectively avoid the occurrence of the defects of coarse-grain, mixed crystal and crackle, moreover it is possible to obtain relatively uniform
Dynamic recrystallized structure, to significantly improve product quality.
2. the thermoforming temperatures and strain rate range that The present invention gives bainitic steels under different distortion degree are real
The forming technologies such as forging, the rolling of border workpiece provide practical guidance.
3. the trus stress σ and true strain ε data that obtain the present invention is based on hot compression determine the heat forming technology of bainitic steel
Window, the method be suitable for similar products developmental research, can avoid laboratory experiment, the industrial experiment bring time, at
Product, which sentence loss caused by useless wait, reduces development cost to save time of product development.
Therefore, the present invention can effectively avoid bainitic steel from the defects of coarse-grain, mixed crystal and crackle occur, obtain relatively uniform
Dynamic recrystallized structure, so as to significantly improve product quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is σ-ε curve of the present invention when deformation temperature is 1473K；
Fig. 2 is the present invention in the heat forming technology window figure that strain is ε=0.20；
Fig. 3 is the present invention in the heat forming technology window figure that strain is ε=0.35；
Fig. 4 is the present invention in the hot working chart that strain is ε=0.20；
Fig. 5 is the present invention in the activation energy figure that strain is ε=0.20；
Fig. 6 is the present invention in the range of instability and recrystallization zone figure that strain is ε=0.20；
Fig. 7 is the present invention in the hot working chart that strain is ε=0.35；
Fig. 8 is the present invention in the activation energy figure that strain is ε=0.35；
Fig. 9 is the present invention in the range of instability and recrystallization zone figure that strain is ε=0.35.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, not to the limit of its protection scope
System.
Embodiment 1
A kind of determination method of bainitic steel heat forming technology window.The chemical component of bainitic steel described in the present embodiment
(based on mass percentage) are as follows:
0.053C-0.310Si-1.567Mn-0.014P-0.005S-0.246Mo-0.014Ti-0.236Ni-0.0012。
The size of bainitic steel sample is
1) bainitic steel sample is heated to 1500K with the rate of 10K/s, keeps the temperature 3~5min；It is cold with the rate of 3K/s again
But to 1150~1500K, 2~3min is kept the temperature；Then under conditions of mutually synthermal, with rate of deformationIsothermal
It is compressed to true strain ε=0.7, trus stress σ and true strain ε data when obtaining bainitic steel pyroplastic deformability are obtained such as Fig. 2
Shown in σ-ε curve.
2) it according to σ-ε curve, sets about trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and rate of deformationBetween function close
System
In formula (1): a0、a1、a2……a11Indicate different regression coefficients；The acquirement of the regression coefficient: step 1 is obtained
Trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and the rate of deformation arrivedSubstitution formula (1) to get regression coefficient specific value:
a0=1.05319E+01；a1=-4.75250E-03；a2=-4.37606E-09；a3=1.75814E-05；a4=-
2.32102E-02；a5=-4.07973E-01；a6=4.33500E-01；a7=-4.91153E-04；a8=-2.47840E-
04；a9=1.01443E+01；a10=-6.16723E-04；a11=8.21663E-01；
Again with corresponding a in the specific value alternate form (1) of the regression coefficient0、a1、a2……a11, obtain bainitic steel
Constitutive relation model；
3) it according to the trus stress σ, true strain ε and the constitutive relation model, successively determines: speed sensitive coefficientPower dissipation coefficientWith unstability coefficient
In deformation temperature-strain rate logarithmic coordinates system, power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability system are drawn respectively
Number ξ distribution map, then power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability coefficient ξ distribution map are superimposed, obtain hot working chart.
4) according to the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data and the constitutive relation model, θ-σ curved line relation, θ are determined
Indicate the modulus of strain hardening,
Correspond to θ-σ point of inflexion on a curve according to the starting point of dynamic recrystallization, determine the dynamic recrystallization condition of bainitic steel,
Dynamic recrystallization area is drawn in hot working chart.
5) region according to unstability coefficient ξ greater than 0 is forming safety zone, determines the safety zone in the hot working chart and dynamic
The overlay region of recrystallization zone.
6) according to the letter between the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data, constitutive relation model and deformation and thermal parameter
Number relationshipIt determines activation energy Q, activation energy Q isogram is then drawn in the overlay region.
In functional relation between the deformation and thermal parameter: A indicates material constant；N is stress exponent；R is that gas is normal
Number.
7) with the overlay region intrinsic ionization energy Q isopleth is sparse and the region of relative standard deviation≤1% of activation energy Q is heat
Forming technology window.
The present embodiment determines dynamic recrystallization based on the trus stress σ data that hot compression test obtains, true strain ε data
Condition, ifZ≤1.694 × 10 need to be met when then stress reaches dynamic recrystallization limit stress17, strain reaches
ε >=8.61642 × 10 need to be met to dynamic recrystallization critical strain-4Z0.1456, in the seat being made of deformation temperature-strain rate
Hot working chart, the activation energy figure as shown in Figure 5 that deformation extent ε=0.2 as shown in Figure 4 is drawn in mark system, according to hot-working
Figure determines forming safety zone, to mark the area of B in union refion, that is, Fig. 6 of safety zone and dynamic recrystallization area in hot working chart
Domain is viable process window, and changing minimum and region of the fluctuation no more than 1% with viable process window intrinsic ionization energy is to answer
Become the heat forming technology window of ε=0.2.It corresponds, heat forming technology window is by equation
T-1500≤0
The region as shown in Figure 2 surrounded, i.e. dash area in Fig. 2.
Embodiment 2
A kind of determination method of bainitic steel heat forming technology window.The chemical component of bainitic steel described in the present embodiment
(based on mass percentage) are as follows:
0.053C-0.310Si-1.567Mn-0.014P-0.005S-0.246Mo-0.014Ti-0.236Ni-0.0012。
The size of bainitic steel sample is
1) bainitic steel sample is heated to 1500K with the rate of 10K/s, keeps the temperature 3~5min；It is cold with the rate of 3K/s again
But to 1150~1500K, 2~3min is kept the temperature；Then under conditions of mutually synthermal, with rate of deformationIsothermal
It is compressed to true strain ε=0.7, it is bent to obtain σ-ε by trus stress σ and true strain ε data when obtaining bainitic steel pyroplastic deformability
Line.
2) it according to σ-ε curve, sets about trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and rate of deformationBetween function close
System
In formula (1): a0、a1、a2……a11Indicate different regression coefficients；The acquirement of the regression coefficient: step 1 is obtained
Trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and the rate of deformation arrivedSubstitution formula (1) to get regression coefficient specific value:
a0=1.05319E+01；a1=-4.75250E-03；a2=-4.37606E-09；a3=1.75814E-05；a4=-
2.32102E-02；a5=-4.07973E-01；a6=4.33500E-01；a7=-4.91153E-04；a8=-2.47840E-
04；a9=1.01443E+01；a10=-6.16723E-04；a11=8.21663E-01；
Again with corresponding a in the specific value alternate form (1) of the regression coefficient0、a1、a2……a11, obtain bainitic steel
Constitutive relation model；
3) it according to the trus stress σ, true strain ε and the constitutive relation model, successively determines: speed sensitive coefficientPower dissipation coefficientWith unstability coefficient
In deformation temperature-strain rate logarithmic coordinates system, power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability system are drawn respectively
Number ξ distribution map, then power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability coefficient ξ distribution map are superimposed, obtain hot working chart.
4) according to the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data and the constitutive relation model, θ-σ curved line relation, θ are determined
Indicate the modulus of strain hardening,
Correspond to θ-σ point of inflexion on a curve according to the starting point of dynamic recrystallization, determine the dynamic recrystallization condition of bainitic steel,
Dynamic recrystallization area is drawn in hot working chart.
5) region according to unstability coefficient ξ greater than 0 is forming safety zone, determines the safety zone in the hot working chart and dynamic
The overlay region of recrystallization zone.
6) according to the letter between the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data, constitutive relation model and deformation and thermal parameter
Number relationshipIt determines activation energy Q, activation energy Q isogram is then drawn in the overlay region.
In functional relation between the deformation and thermal parameter: A indicates material constant；N is stress exponent；R is that gas is normal
Number.
7) with the overlay region intrinsic ionization energy Q isopleth is sparse and the region of relative standard deviation≤1% of activation energy Q is heat
Forming technology window.
Dynamic recrystallization condition is determined based on the stress-strain data that hot compression test obtains, ifZ≤1.694 × 10 need to be met when then stress reaches dynamic recrystallization limit stress17, adaptability to changes reaches
Dynamic recrystallization critical strain need to meet ε >=8.61642 × 10-4Z0.1456, in the coordinate being made of deformation temperature-strain rate
Hot working chart, the activation energy figure as shown in Figure 8 that deformation extent ε=0.35 as shown in Figure 7 is drawn in system, according to hot working chart
Forming safety zone is determined, to mark the region of B in union refion, that is, Fig. 9 of safety zone and dynamic recrystallization area in hot working chart
For viable process window, changing minimum and region of the fluctuation no more than 1% with viable process window intrinsic ionization energy is corresponding strain stress
=0.35 heat forming technology window, corresponds, and heat forming technology window is by equation
T-1500≤0
The region as shown in Figure 3 surrounded, i.e. dash area in Fig. 3.
Present embodiment has following good effect compared with prior art:
Present embodiment determines the dynamic recrystallization condition of alloy based on the stress-strain data that hot compression obtains,
Differently strained hot working chart, activation energy figure are drawn, with the union refion of safety zone and dynamic recrystallization area in hot working chart
Intrinsic ionization energy variation is minimum and region of the fluctuation no more than 1% is the heat forming technology window of corresponding strain, thus is determining
Process window internal shaping not only can avoid the defects of coarse-grain, mixed crystal, crackle occur, also can get relatively uniform dynamic and tie again
Crystalline substance tissue, so that it is guaranteed that the performance quality of product.
Present embodiment determines the heat forming technology window of alloy based on the stress-strain data that hot compression test obtains
Mouthful, can avoid laboratory experiment, industrial experiment bring time, finished product sentence it is useless etc. caused by loss, to save product development
Time reduces development cost.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of determination method of bainitic steel heat forming technology window, it is characterised in that the determining method includes following step
It is rapid:
1) bainitic steel sample is heated to 1500K with the rate of 10K/s, keeps the temperature 3~5min；It is cooled to again with the rate of 3K/s
1150~1500K keeps the temperature 2~3min；Then under conditions of mutually synthermal, with rate of deformationIsotherm compression
To true strain ε=0.7, trus stress σ data and true strain ε data when bainitic steel pyroplastic deformability are obtained, it is bent to obtain σ-ε
Line；
2) it according to σ-ε curve, sets about trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and rate of deformationBetween functional relation
In formula (1): a0、a1、a2……a11It indicates different regression coefficients, the acquirement of the regression coefficient: step 1 is obtained
Trus stress σ, true strain ε, deformation temperature T and rate of deformationSubstitution formula (1) to get regression coefficient specific value:
a0=1.05319E+01, a1=-4.75250E-03, a2=-4.37606E-09, a3=1.75814E-05, a4=-
2.32102E-02 a5=-4.07973E-01, a6=4.33500E-01, a7=-4.91153E-04, a8=-2.47840E-
04, a9=1.01443E+01, a10=-6.16723E-04, a11=8.21663E-01；
Again with corresponding a in the specific value alternate form (1) of the regression coefficient0、a1、a2……a11, obtain the sheet of bainitic steel
Structure relational model；
3) it according to the constitutive relation model of the trus stress σ, true strain ε and bainitic steel, successively determines:
Speed sensitive coefficientPower dissipation coefficientWith unstability coefficient
In deformation temperature-strain rate logarithmic coordinates system, power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability coefficient ξ are drawn respectively
Distribution map, then power dissipation coefficient η distribution map and unstability coefficient ξ distribution map are superimposed, obtain hot working chart；
4) according to the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data and the constitutive relation model, θ-σ curved line relation is determined, θ is indicated
The modulus of strain hardening,
Correspond to θ-σ point of inflexion on a curve according to the starting point of dynamic recrystallization, the dynamic recrystallization condition of bainitic steel is determined, in heat
Dynamic recrystallization area is drawn in manuscript；
5) region according to unstability coefficient ξ greater than 0 is forming safety zone, determines that the safety zone in the hot working chart and dynamic are tied again
The overlay region of crystalline region；
6) it is closed according to the function between the trus stress σ data, true strain ε data, constitutive relation model and deformation and thermal parameter
SystemIt determines activation energy Q, activation energy Q isogram is then drawn in the overlay region；
In functional relation between the deformation and thermal parameter: A indicates material constant, and n is stress exponent, and R is gas constant；
7) hot forming is in the region of relative standard deviation≤1% sparse using the overlay region intrinsic ionization energy Q isopleth and activation energy Q
Process window.
2. the determination method of bainitic steel heat forming technology window described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that the bayesian
Chemical component of the body steel based on mass percentage are as follows:
0.053C-0.310Si-1.567Mn-0.014P-0.005S-0.246Mo-0.014Ti-0.236Ni-0.0012B。
3. the determination method of bainitic steel heat forming technology window according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the shellfish
The size of family name's body steel curved beam is
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Application publication date: 20190528 |