CN109810730B - Long-period stable operation water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace - Google Patents
Long-period stable operation water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN109810730B CN109810730B CN201910156719.7A CN201910156719A CN109810730B CN 109810730 B CN109810730 B CN 109810730B CN 201910156719 A CN201910156719 A CN 201910156719A CN 109810730 B CN109810730 B CN 109810730B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasifier with long-period stable operation, which comprises a cascade water-cooled wall hearth and a membrane chiller, wherein the cascade water-cooled wall hearth is positioned at the upper part of the membrane chiller; an ignition and feeding integrated burner is arranged at the top of the gasifier body; the ignition and feeding integrated burner is at least sequentially provided with the following components from outside to inside: the burner comprises an outer annular oxygen pipe, a gas film outer annular oxygen pipe, a coal slurry pipe and a central oxygen pipe, wherein a nozzle of the burner is in a contraction shape and sequentially comprises an atomizing outer epoxy passage, a gas film outer annular oxygen passage, a coal slurry passage, a central oxygen passage and a gas passage, and an ignition rod is arranged on the axis of the central oxygen passage and the gas passage; the central oxygen pipe is simultaneously filled with central oxygen and fuel gas, or a coaxial fuel gas pipe for filling the fuel gas is arranged in the central oxygen pipe. When the method is implemented, the gasification reaction carbon conversion rate is high, the distribution of reaction products is good, the energy efficiency level of the gasification furnace is high, the continuous operation time of the gasification furnace can be greatly improved, and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall equipment, in particular to a water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace which stably operates in a long period.
Background
the stable operation time of the existing water ~ coal ~ slurry water ~ cooled wall gasification furnace is limited by the service life of core components in the gasification furnace, for example, the average service life of a water ~ coal ~ slurry atomization process burner is 90 ~ 120 days, the process burner needs to be stopped and overhauled and replaced every 90 ~ 120 days, and the gasification operation process is not stable in operation of a chiller and frequently causes temporary emergency shutdown of the gasification furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention develops the coal water slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace which can stably run for a long period, and aims to improve the stable running time of the coal water slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace to a certain extent, reduce the shutdown and maintenance frequency of a gasification device and improve the annual average running hours of the device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a long period steady operation's coal slurry water-cooled wall gasifier which characterized in that: the system comprises a cascade water-cooled wall hearth and a membrane chiller which are positioned in a gasifier body, wherein the cascade water-cooled wall hearth is positioned at the upper part of the membrane chiller; at gasifier furnace body top, install and ignite and throw material integration nozzle, it has set gradually at least from skin to the inlayer to ignite to throw material integration nozzle: the nozzle of the ignition and feeding integrated burner is in a contraction shape; an outer epoxy channel is arranged between the outer epoxy tube and the coal slurry tube, a gas film outer epoxy tube is also arranged in the outer epoxy channel, a gas film outer epoxy channel is arranged between the gas film outer epoxy tube and the coal slurry tube, a coal slurry channel is arranged between the coal slurry tube and the central oxygen tube, a central oxygen and fuel gas channel is arranged in the central oxygen tube, and an ignition rod is arranged on the axis of the central oxygen and fuel gas channel; the central oxygen pipe is simultaneously filled with central oxygen and fuel gas, or a coaxial fuel gas pipe for filling the fuel gas is arranged in the central oxygen pipe.
The gas film outer oxygen pipe is in a sleeve shape, the coal slurry pipe and the outer oxygen pipe are completely divided into two channels, the channel positioned on the outer layer is an atomization outer oxygen channel, and the channel positioned on the inner layer is an gas film outer oxygen channel.
Or the gas film outer oxygen pipe is a contraction-shaped half sleeve, an atomization outer epoxy channel is arranged between the outer oxygen pipe and the gas film outer epoxy pipe, and a gas film outer epoxy channel is arranged between the gas film outer oxygen pipe and the coal slurry pipe.
The gas in the outer epoxy pipe of air film is divided into two routes, one route is used as atomizing outer ring oxygen gas and is used for atomizing fuel gas and coal water slurry, the other route is used as air film outer ring oxygen and is used for forming an air film protection area at the periphery of a raw material premixing area of the coal slurry and central oxygen, overheating ablation of the burner head in the baking process can be avoided through the structure, meanwhile, abrasion of gas-liquid-solid three-phase logistics in the premixing area to the burner head can be weakened due to the existence of a stable air film area after feeding, and the service life of the process burner is greatly prolonged.
The ignition and feeding integrated burner integrates a baker burner and a process burner, avoids the operation of replacing the burner before feeding, and the baker fuel gas can rapidly raise the temperature of a water-cooled wall gasification hearth to be above 800 ℃ through the central oxygen/combustion pipe and the combustion-supporting gas coming from the outer epoxy pipe.
The ignition and feeding integrated burner coal slurry pipeline material flow forms an included angle a with the axis of the burner, the atomized outer epoxy forms an included angle b with the axis of the burner, the gas film oxygen material flow forms an included angle c with the axis of the burner, and a is larger than b and larger than c. Thus, the central oxygen and coal slurry spraying burner nozzle forms a premixing area of three-phase material flow at the head of the burner nozzle, and the gaseous material flow sprayed by the epoxy outside the air film forms a stable air film protective layer outside the premixing area.
The outer epoxy of gas film and the outer epoxy of atomizing share a channel, and the realization is added at the nozzle head by adding an annular gas partition plate or by punching on the pipe wall of a coal slurry pipe, wherein the size of the outer epoxy of gas film is set by the flow ratio of the outer epoxy of gas film and the gas-liquid-solid three-phase state substance of the premixing area, so that a stable gas film protection area can be formed outside the premixing area, and the length of the gas film protection area is greater than the length l of the outer epoxy of gas film exposed in the premixing area.
in the feeding operation process of the ignition feeding integrated burner, the central oxygen accounts for 0 ~ 20% of the total gasified oxygen, and the outer epoxy accounts for 80 ~ 100% of the total gasified oxygen.
The cascade water-cooled wall hearth is characterized in that a water-cooled wall is arranged into a two-stage cascade structure according to the gasification reaction characteristics, a gasification raw material enters the gasification hearth, a combustion reaction mainly based on an exothermic reaction mainly occurs in a first cascade region at the upper part, the gasification raw material is heated with the raw material along with steam evaporation, a reduction reaction mainly based on an endothermic reaction occurs in a second cascade region, the reaction volume of the first cascade region is smaller than that of the second cascade region, a reaction material in the first cascade region can rapidly enter the second cascade region, the influence of high-temperature backflow gas on the reaction of the first cascade region is reduced, the water-cooled wall at the top of the furnace and the head of a process burner are protected, and meanwhile, high-temperature material flow rapidly enters the second reaction region to be beneficial to the endothermic reaction of the. The gasification reaction of the gasification furnace provided by the embodiment of the invention can be carried out by adjusting the gasification reaction on a molecular level, so that the carbon conversion rate of the gasification reaction is improved, and the distribution of gasification reaction products is improved.
The water-cooled wall of the cascade water-cooled wall structure is provided with a film-forming water-cooled wall, or a coil pipe type water-cooled wall, or a jacketed water-cooled wall, or any combination mode of water-cooled walls.
The first cascade diameter D1 is less than the second cascade diameter D2 and the first cascade height h1 is less than the second cascade height h 2.
The membrane type chiller is located below a cascade water-cooled wall and is fixed on an inner partition plate of a chilling chamber of a gasification furnace through bolts, chilling water is filled with a chiller water tank of an inverted cone type structure through four chilling water inlets, a chilling water outlet is located at the lower end of an annular channel at the tail end of the inverted cone, a cyclone plate is arranged in the annular channel, chilling water flow turbulence is enhanced, the annular channel is provided with a tail end fixing annular plate, a chilling water outlet is arranged to be of an easily processed semi-circle or semi-ellipse type structure to enhance the large-particle ash and slag passing capacity, and a chilling water outlet cover plate with a semi-circle or semi-ellipse type structure water outlet hole is fixed on the fixing annular plate through a small bolt. According to the gasification furnace disclosed by the invention, the interior of the chiller can be kept clean at any time, the protection of the chilling water on the down pipe of the chiller is ensured, and the safety and reliability of equipment are greatly improved.
and the plurality of chilling water inlets are uniformly distributed on the conical outer wall along the inverted conical box body of the chiller.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
The invention designs the ignition and feeding integrated burner which is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and the service life of the burner is greatly prolonged, the stable operation time of a gasification device is long, and the starting and stopping frequency of the gasification device is reduced by the gas film protective layer at the outer edge of the material flow of a gas-liquid-solid three-phase pre-mixing area at the head of the burner; the gasification furnace reaction chambers are arranged into two-stage cascade hearths according to the gasification reaction characteristics, so that the carbon conversion rate of the gasification reaction can be improved, and the distribution of gasification reaction products is optimized; the film type chiller is simple in structure, ash accumulation in the chiller is reduced through the rotational flow plate arranged at the chilling water outlet, chilling water forms a uniform liquid film protective layer on the descending pipe through the water outlet hole, high-temperature gas is divided to be in contact with the descending pipe, and the chiller can run for a long period. The gasification furnace has high gasification reaction carbon conversion rate and good reaction product distribution, can solve the problem that the existing water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace is frequently shut down for maintenance due to equipment, greatly improves the continuous operation time of the gasification furnace, and improves the economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the head of the ignition and feeding integrated burner with gas film protection.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the gas film protection structure of the head of the ignition and feeding integrated burner of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a membrane chiller configuration according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a membrane chiller quench water exit configuration of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are: the device comprises a reaction chamber 1, a chilling chamber 2, a cascade water-cooled wall hearth 101, an ignition and feeding integrated burner 102, a membrane chiller 103, a furnace body 104, an inner partition plate 105, a synthesis gas outlet 106, an ignition rod 201, a central oxygen and gas channel 202, a coal slurry channel 203, an outer epoxy channel 204, an outer atomizing epoxy channel 2041, an outer gas film epoxy channel 2042, a bolt 301, a chilling water inlet 302, a chilling water tank 303, an annular channel 304, a rotational flow plate 305, a chilling water outlet 306, a fixed annular plate 307, a chilling water outlet cover plate 308 and a small bolt 309.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the long-period stable-operation coal water slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace comprises a furnace body 104, an ignition and feeding integrated burner 102, a cascade water-cooled wall hearth 101 and a membrane chiller 103, wherein the ignition and feeding integrated burner 102 is installed on a large flange at the top of the gasification furnace body 104, a furnace baking fuel and a gasification raw material are sprayed into the two-stage cascade hearth formed by water-cooled walls through the ignition and feeding integrated burner 102, and a high-temperature material flow after reaction enters the membrane chiller 103 for chilling and cooling, so that the requirement of producing synthesis gas by the long-period stable operation of the coal water slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace is met.
The gasification furnace mainly comprises a pressure-bearing shell 104, wherein an ignition and feeding integrated burner 102, a cascade water-cooled wall hearth 101 and a membrane chiller 103 are sequentially arranged on the pressure-bearing shell from top to bottom. The ignition and feeding integrated burner 102 is installed on a large flange at the top of a gasification furnace body 104, a cascade water-cooled wall hearth 101 is positioned in the gasification furnace body, a reaction chamber 1 and a chilling chamber 2 of the gasification furnace are separated by an inner partition plate 105, and a membrane type chiller 103 is fixed on the inner partition plate 105 through bolts 301.
The ignition and feeding integrated burner 102 is provided with a burner fuel channel 202, in the burner drying stage of the gasification furnace, fuel gas is ignited through an ignition rod 201, the temperature in the gasification furnace is rapidly raised to be above 800 ℃ together with combustion-supporting gas coming from an outer epoxy channel 204, a special gas channel structure at the head of the outer epoxy channel 204 divides the combustion-supporting gas in the outer epoxy into atomized combustion-supporting gas in an outer epoxy channel 2041 and combustion-supporting gas in a gas film outer epoxy channel 2042, and the combustion-supporting gas sprayed from the gas film outer epoxy channel 2042 can avoid burning of the head of the burner in the burner drying process. In the feeding process, coal slurry is sprayed from the coal slurry channel 203 and ignited by fuel gas, the fuel gas supply is stopped after the coal slurry at the head of the burner is stably combusted, and a gasifying agent is sprayed from the central oxygen and fuel gas channel 202 and the outer oxygen channel 204 and generates gasification reaction in the cascade water-cooled wall hearth 101. The gasification agent sprayed out of the gas film outer epoxy channel 2042 can form a stable gas film protective layer B on the periphery of the premixing area A where the central oxygen and the materials of the coal slurry channel 203 form three-phase material flows at the head of the burner, so that the abrasion of the coal slurry to the head of the burner is greatly reduced, and the service life of the coal water slurry burner is greatly prolonged.
The coal slurry and the gasifying agent sprayed by the ignition and feeding integrated burner 102 mainly generate a combustion reaction mainly based on an exothermic reaction in a first cascade region at the upper part of the two-stage cascade water-cooled wall hearth 101, because the diameter D1 of the first cascade region is smaller than the diameter D2 of the second cascade region, and the height h1 is smaller than the height h2 of the second cascade region, a reaction product can rapidly enter the second cascade region, the influence of high-temperature backflow gas on the reaction of the first cascade region is reduced, the water-cooled wall at the top of the furnace and the head of the process burner are protected, meanwhile, the high-temperature material flow rapidly enters the second reaction region to be beneficial to the endothermic reaction of the second reaction region, the carbon conversion rate of the gasification reaction is improved, the distribution of the gasification reaction product is improved, and. High-temperature synthesis gas generated by gasification is discharged out of the cascade water-cooled wall hearth 101 with liquid slag and enters the membrane type chiller 103, the synthesis gas is sent out of the gasification furnace from a synthesis gas outlet 106 after being chilled and cooled, and most of the liquid slag is solidified into granular solid and falls into chilled water at the bottom of the quenching chamber 2 of the gasification furnace to be discharged at intervals.
Chilling water is sent into a chiller water tank 303 with an inverted cone-shaped structure through a chilling water inlet 302, a chilling water annular channel 304 is arranged at the lower part of the chiller water tank 303, a rotational flow plate 305 is arranged in the annular channel 304, so that the chilling water can rapidly flow in a disordered state from top to bottom after entering the chiller, small particle ash residues are prevented from being accumulated in the chiller, the annular channel 304 is provided with a tail end fixing ring plate 307, and a chilling water outlet cover plate 308 with a semicircular or semi-elliptic structure water outlet hole is fixed on the fixing ring plate 307 through a small bolt 309. The chilling water forms a uniform liquid film on the chiller down pipe through the semicircular or semi-elliptical outlet 306 on the chilling water outlet cover plate 308, so that the high-temperature synthesis gas and the liquid slag are isolated from being in contact with the chiller down pipe, and the safety and the reliability of the chiller are greatly improved.
After the gasifier of the embodiment is fed once, the stable operation time of the gasifier is greater than that of the existing water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasifier, and the long-period stable operation of the gasification device can be realized.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a long period steady operation's coal slurry water-cooled wall gasifier which characterized in that: the system comprises a cascade water-cooling wall hearth (101) and a film chiller (103) which are positioned in a gasification furnace body (104), wherein the cascade water-cooling wall hearth (101) is positioned at the upper part of the film chiller (103); according to the gasification reaction characteristics, the cascade water-cooled wall hearth (101) is arranged into a two-stage cascade region structure, the diameter D1 of a first cascade region is smaller than the diameter D2 of a second cascade region, and the height h1 of the first cascade region is smaller than the height h2 of the second cascade region; at the top of gasifier furnace body (104), install and ignite and throw material integration nozzle (102), the integration nozzle of throwing that ignites (102) has set gradually at least from skin to inlayer: the ignition and feeding integrated burner comprises an outer ring oxygen pipe, a coal slurry pipe and a central oxygen pipe, wherein the nozzle of the ignition and feeding integrated burner (102) is in a contraction shape; an outer epoxy channel (204) is arranged between the outer epoxy pipe and the coal slurry pipe, and a gas film outer epoxy pipe is also arranged in the outer epoxy channel (204); the gas film outer ring oxygen pipe is in a sleeve shape, the coal slurry pipe and the outer ring oxygen pipe are completely divided into two channels, an atomization outer ring oxygen channel (2041) is arranged between the gas film outer ring oxygen pipe and the outer ring oxygen pipe, a gas film outer ring oxygen channel (2042) is arranged between the gas film outer ring oxygen pipe and the coal slurry pipe, a coal slurry channel (203) is arranged between the coal slurry pipe and the central oxygen pipe, a central oxygen and gas channel (202) is arranged in the central oxygen pipe, and an ignition rod (201) is arranged on the axis of the central oxygen and gas channel (202); the central oxygen pipe is simultaneously filled with central oxygen and fuel gas, or a coaxial fuel gas pipe for filling the fuel gas is arranged in the central oxygen pipe.
2. The utility model provides a long period steady operation's coal slurry water-cooled wall gasifier which characterized in that: the system comprises a cascade water-cooling wall hearth (101) and a film chiller (103) which are positioned in a gasification furnace body (104), wherein the cascade water-cooling wall hearth (101) is positioned at the upper part of the film chiller (103); according to the gasification reaction characteristics, the cascade water-cooled wall hearth (101) is arranged into a two-stage cascade region structure, the diameter D1 of a first cascade region is smaller than the diameter D2 of a second cascade region, and the height h1 of the first cascade region is smaller than the height h2 of the second cascade region; at the top of gasifier furnace body (104), install and ignite and throw material integration nozzle (102), the integration nozzle of throwing that ignites (102) has set gradually at least from skin to inlayer: the ignition and feeding integrated burner comprises an outer ring oxygen pipe, a coal slurry pipe and a central oxygen pipe, wherein the nozzle of the ignition and feeding integrated burner (102) is in a contraction shape; an outer epoxy channel (204) is arranged between the outer epoxy tube and the coal slurry tube, an air film outer epoxy tube close to the nozzle is further arranged in the outer epoxy channel (204), the air film outer epoxy tube is a shrinkage half-section sleeve, an atomization outer epoxy channel (2041) is arranged between the outer epoxy tube and the air film outer epoxy tube, an air film outer epoxy channel (2042) is arranged between the air film outer epoxy tube and the coal slurry tube, a coal slurry channel (203) is arranged between the coal slurry tube and the central oxygen tube, a central oxygen and fuel gas channel (202) is arranged in the central oxygen tube, and an ignition rod (201) is arranged on the axis of the central oxygen and fuel gas channel (202); the central oxygen pipe is simultaneously filled with central oxygen and fuel gas, or a coaxial fuel gas pipe for filling the fuel gas is arranged in the central oxygen pipe.
3. The long-period stably-operating coal-water slurry water-cooled wall gasifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the gas in the outer epoxy pipe is divided into two paths by the gas film outer epoxy pipe, one path is used as atomizing outer epoxy gas for atomizing fuel gas and coal water slurry, and the other path is used as gas film outer epoxy for forming a gas film protection area at the periphery of a raw material premixing area of the coal slurry and central oxygen.
4. The long-period stably-operating coal-water slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: the material flow in the coal slurry channel (203) forms an included angle a with the axis of the central oxygen and fuel gas channel (202), the gas flow in the atomizing outer epoxy channel (2041) forms an included angle b with the axis of the central oxygen and fuel gas channel (202), and the gas flow in the gas film oxygen channel forms an included angle c with the axis of the central oxygen and fuel gas channel (202), wherein a is more than b and more than c.
5. The long-period stably-operating coal-water slurry water-cooled wall gasifier according to claim 1, further characterized in that: the water-cooled wall of the cascade water-cooled wall structure is provided with a film-forming water-cooled wall, or a coil pipe type water-cooled wall, or a jacketed water-cooled wall.
6. The long-period stably-operating coal-water slurry water-cooled wall gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: the membrane type chiller (103) is fixed on an inner partition plate (105) of a chilling chamber (2) of the gasification furnace, chilling water is filled in a chiller water tank (303) through a plurality of chilling water inlets (302), and a chilling water outlet (306) is formed in the lower end of the chiller water tank (303).
7. The long-period stably-operating coal-water slurry water-cooled wall gasifier according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water tank (303) of the chiller is of a hollow inverted-cone structure, a chilling water outlet (306) is located at the lower end of an annular channel (304) at the bottom of the inverted-cone structure, a cyclone plate (305) used for enhancing chilling water flow turbulence is arranged in the annular channel (304), the annular channel (304) is provided with a tail end fixing annular plate (307), and the chilling water outlet (306) is arranged into a semicircular or semi-elliptical structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910156719.7A CN109810730B (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Long-period stable operation water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace |
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| CN201910156719.7A CN109810730B (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Long-period stable operation water-coal-slurry water-cooled wall gasification furnace |
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| CN109810730B true CN109810730B (en) | 2019-12-13 |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102492478A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Novel two-stage multi-nozzle pressurized gasifier and its gasification method |
| CN104560212A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-04-29 | 水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心 | Multi-section water-cooling wall high-efficiency chilling gasification device |
| CN204752643U (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-11-11 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Quench ring device |
| CN106433794A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 江西昌昱实业有限公司 | Combustion and quenching separated type water-coal-slurry gasifier |
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2019
- 2019-03-01 CN CN201910156719.7A patent/CN109810730B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102492478A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Novel two-stage multi-nozzle pressurized gasifier and its gasification method |
| CN104560212A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-04-29 | 水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心 | Multi-section water-cooling wall high-efficiency chilling gasification device |
| CN204752643U (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-11-11 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Quench ring device |
| CN106433794A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 江西昌昱实业有限公司 | Combustion and quenching separated type water-coal-slurry gasifier |
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