CN109807730B

CN109807730B - Automatic polishing system for oxidation film of bullet train chassis

Info

Publication number: CN109807730B
Application number: CN201910213493.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王三众; 陈恩平; 侯婧; 黄兆猛
Original assignee: Yanshan University
Current assignee: Yanshan University
Priority date: 2019-03-20
Filing date: 2019-03-20
Publication date: 2020-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-20
Also published as: CN109807730A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic polishing system for an oxidation film of a chassis of a motor car, which comprises a moving device, a polishing device and a workbench, wherein the workbench is provided with the moving device, a car body supported by the moving device and a workpiece which is extended out along the workbench and consists of the oxidation film of the chassis of the motor car, the moving device comprises a driving wheel component, a driven wheel component and an automatic guide component, the polishing device comprises a plurality of steel wire wheels arranged on the moving device, each steel wire wheel is driven by a polishing motor, and constant force is loaded on the polishing device through a constant-mass counterweight so as to press the polishing device on the surface of the workpiece to be processed, thereby polishing the surface of the workpiece. The polishing device for the oxidation film of the chassis of the bullet train processes the surface to be processed by adopting constant force and constant rotating speed, so that the processing quality of the processed surface is uniform, the surface roughness meets the polishing requirement, and the whole polishing process is controlled by the PLC, thereby effectively improving the production efficiency.

Description

Automatic polishing system for oxidation film of bullet train chassis

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of polishing processes, and particularly relates to an automatic polishing system for an oxidation film of a chassis of a bullet train.

Background

The motor train unit becomes the key point of railway construction in a new period of China due to the important transportation function of the motor train unit. China motor train unit bodies are all formed by welding aluminum alloy sections, and in order to guarantee the welding quality of the aluminum alloy sections, surface oxidation films of welding parts need to be removed. At present, the surface oxide film removing work is difficult to realize full-process automatic treatment, the labor intensity is high, the safety and reliability are low, the production efficiency is low, the processing quality is poor, and dust generated by polishing can cause damage to the health of workers and pollution to the surrounding environment. Therefore, the development of an automatic and intelligent polishing device is imperative.

Chinese patent document CN108789094A discloses an instrument for polishing the surface of a metal sheet to remove rust and polish oxide films, which comprises a first linear mechanism, a second linear mechanism, a permanent magnet polishing table, a polishing device 7, a frame connecting plate, a lifting mechanism and a control cabinet, wherein the first linear mechanism is fixed on the frame, the second linear mechanism is fixed on the moving platform of the first linear mechanism, the permanent magnet polishing table is installed on the second linear mechanism, the lifting mechanism is installed on the frame connecting plate, the polishing device 7 is installed on the lifting mechanism, and the control cabinet is fixed on the frame. In this reference, the length, width and thickness of the metal sheet can be adjusted to suit different types of metal sheets, and the metal sheet polishing device can be used for removing an oxide film or rust before a chemical experiment of the metal sheet and can also be used for polishing the metal sheet. In this prior art document, the lifting mechanism is adjusted by the thickness of the metal sheet so that the grinding wheel performs grinding while the linear mechanism reciprocates, and an automatic grinding apparatus is not provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an automatic polishing system for an oxidation film of a bullet train chassis, which realizes automatic polishing of the oxidation film of the bullet train chassis.

The invention provides an automatic polishing system for an oxidation film of a chassis of a bullet train, which comprises a moving device, a polishing device and a workbench, wherein the workbench is provided with the moving device, a vehicle body supported by the moving device and a workpiece which is extended out along the workbench and consists of the oxidation film of the chassis of the bullet train, the moving device comprises a driving wheel component, a driven wheel component and an automatic guide component, the driving wheel component comprises a motor, a driving wheel bracket and a driving wheel, and the motor and the driving wheel are respectively arranged on two sides of the driving wheel bracket; the driven wheel assembly comprises a driven wheel support and a driven wheel, the driven wheel support comprises a support top plate and support side plates which respectively extend downwards from two sides of the support top plate, a rotating shaft penetrates between the two support side plates, and the driven wheel is sleeved on the rotating shaft; the automatic guide assembly comprises an L-shaped bracket, an adjusting spring and a guide wheel, two sleeves are respectively arranged at the outer end parts of transverse plates of the L-shaped bracket, and a T-shaped rotating shaft of the guide wheel is inserted into the sleeves; the polishing device comprises a plurality of steel wire wheels arranged on the moving device, each steel wire wheel is driven by a polishing motor and loads constant force on the polishing device through a constant-mass balance weight to press the polishing device on the surface to be processed of the workpiece, so that the surface of the workpiece is polished; the grinding motor is installed on the grinding support, the grinding support is of a trihedral structure, a through hole is formed in the end face of an output shaft of the grinding motor of the grinding support, a supporting rod extends outwards from a first side face of the grinding support, a supporting groove is formed in a second side face of the grinding support, a balance weight is added during working, the first side face with the supporting rod is connected with a hinge limiting mechanism, the hinge limiting mechanism is fixed on a vehicle body and comprises hinges and a limiting plate, the limiting plate is located at the lower part between the two hinges, the grinding device can swing around hinge shafts of the two hinges, when the grinding device is located on a workbench, the hinge limiting mechanism is located at the lowest limiting position, and at the moment, the steel wire wheel and the workbench; when the polishing device is positioned on the workpiece, the steel wire wheel is supported by the workpiece to be in a contact state; the workbench comprises a platform, a charging pile, a charging platform and a positioning block; in a non-working state, the polishing device stops at a workbench and is charged by the charging pile; under operating condition, the platform provides one for grinding device and carries out the transition district that self-align direction removed to the work piece, and the height, the width of platform are unanimous with the work piece, and the both sides of platform are equipped with the inclined plane that treats that the machined surface is lower than the work piece to guarantee that grinding device polishes the work piece with the speed motion of predetermineeing on the workstation.

Preferably, the steel wire wheel is a flat steel wire wheel, a motor shaft of the grinding motor comprises a shaft shoulder, a key groove and a threaded section arranged on the outer side of the motor shaft, the flat steel wire wheel is arranged on the shaft shoulder in a propping manner, and the outer side of the flat steel wire wheel is screwed by a nut; an adjusting shim is arranged between the shaft shoulder and the flat steel wire wheel to adjust the position of the flat steel wire wheel along the length direction of the vehicle body.

Further, the automobile body includes button box, first proximity switch, group battery, automobile body framework, second proximity switch, reputation alarm lamp and PLC control system, and the inner space of automobile body can be divided into a plurality of regions to hold group battery and PLC control system respectively.

Preferably, two driving wheel assemblies and two driven wheel assemblies are respectively arranged at four corners of the vehicle body, and a driving wheel of each driving wheel assembly is driven by a direct current grinding motor to realize the forward and backward movement and braking of the moving device; and a driven wheel of the driven wheel assembly is fixed on the bottom of the vehicle body by a directional wheel.

Preferably, two pairs of automatic guide assemblies are respectively mounted on two sides of the vehicle body, the automatic guide assemblies comprise a left automatic guide assembly and a right automatic guide assembly, the mounting positions of the guide wheels are adjustable within a preset range, the guide wheels are fixed on the L-shaped bracket by nuts after the positions of the guide wheels are determined, the left automatic guide assembly plays a role in positioning in the moving process, and the right automatic guide assembly cannot move; two ends of the adjusting spring are respectively fixed on the L-shaped support and the T-shaped rotating shaft of the guide wheel, an inward rotating force is given to the guide wheel, and after the left automatic guide assembly and the right automatic guide assembly are installed in pairs, an elastic clamping force is formed on a workpiece, so that the workpiece can be positioned and guided along the workpiece.

During installation, guide wheels in the automatic guide assemblies are in contact with two sides of a chassis of the bullet train, the guide wheels in the right automatic guide assembly are fixed, the contact surfaces are used as positioning references, and the guide wheels in the left automatic guide assembly always lean against one side of a train body under the action of the adjusting springs, so that the left automatic guide assembly and the right automatic guide assembly form clamping force on workpieces.

Furthermore, the polishing system is also provided with a dust recovery assembly which comprises a dust cover and a dust bag, wherein the dust cover is arranged on the outer side of the vehicle body to cover the steel wire wheel, and the dust bag is connected to an outlet at the end part of the dust cover and is accommodated in the vehicle body; each dust bag is inserted into a discharge pipe, thereby recovering dust generated from the grinding device in real time.

Further, the natural frequency of the polishing device becomes larger as the order increases; and with the increase of the balance weight, the natural frequency of each step of the grinding device tends to be reduced.

Moreover, the counter weight of the grinding device is 2.5kg, the rotating speed of the motor of the grinding device is 1800 r/min-2000 r/min, and the jumping quantity of the grinding device can be controlled within a preset reasonable range.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. full automation of the process

The bullet train chassis oxidation film grinding device is special equipment for removing oxidation films at welding positions of bullet train chassis, the whole grinding process is controlled by a PLC, and the running condition can be visually displayed on a display screen. The starting, working, stopping and stopping of the whole equipment when a fault occurs are all manual programming to realize automatic operation.

2. High production efficiency

The production efficiency of traditional manual polishing is lower, and the whole-process automatic operation of the bullet train chassis oxide film polishing device greatly improves the production efficiency.

3. Small floor area

The oxidation film polishing device for the bullet train chassis has no track, and can be placed at any position in a workshop in a non-working state, so that a large amount of space is saved.

4. The processing quality is uniform

The bullet train chassis oxidation film grinding device processes the surface to be processed by adopting constant force and constant rotating speed, so that the processing quality of the processed surface is uniform, and the surface roughness also meets the grinding requirement.

5. Environmental protection and no pollution

The cloth bag dust collector or the dust bag is arranged on the moving device of the bullet train chassis oxidation film polishing device, so that the polished dust can be recycled, and the pollution of dust diffusion to the working environment is effectively prevented.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general structural view of an oxidation film polishing device for a chassis of a bullet train according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the vehicle body on the sanding apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the driven wheel assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the guide wheel assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the drive wheel assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a dust recovery assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the polishing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a view of the frame structure of the polishing device of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a motor structure of the polishing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a body structure view of the present invention; and

FIG. 11 is a diagram of a hinge spacing mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a moving device, 2, a platform, 3, a driven wheel assembly, 31, a driven wheel bracket, 32, a driven wheel, 33, a bracket top plate, 34, a bracket side plate, 35, a rotating shaft, 4, an automatic guide assembly, 41, a guide wheel bracket, 42, an adjusting spring, 43, a guide wheel, 44, a transverse plate, 45, a sleeve, 46, a T-shaped rotating shaft, 5, a driving wheel assembly, 51, a motor, 52, a driving wheel bracket, 53, a driving wheel, 6, a dust recovery assembly, 61, a dust cover, 62, a dust bag, 7, a grinding device, 71, a grinding bracket, 711, a bracket, 712, a motor shaft end surface through hole, 713, a supporting rod, 714, a first side surface of the

grinding bracket

71, 715, a second side surface of the

grinding bracket

71, 72, a grinding motor, 73, a steel wire wheel, 74, a hinge shaft, 75, a nut, 8, 81, a button box, 82, a left access switch, 84. the device comprises a vehicle body framework, 85 parts of a return side proximity switch, 86 parts of a forward side proximity switch, 87 parts of a hinge limiting mechanism, 861 parts of a hinge, 862 parts of a limiting plate, 88. of a PLC control system, 89 parts of an acousto-optic alarm lamp, 7 parts of a polishing device, 9 parts of a cover plate, 10 parts of a positioning block, 11 parts of a charging pile, 12 parts of a workbench, 13 parts of a charging table and 14 parts of a workpiece.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

In order to achieve the purpose, the automatic polishing system for the oxidation film of the bullet train chassis comprises a moving device 1, a polishing device 7 and a workbench 12.

The automatic grinding system is generally configured as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and a moving device 1 and a vehicle body 8 supported by the moving device are provided on a table 12 or a workpiece 14 extending from the table 12. In a preferred embodiment, the working platform 12 is fixed and has the same width as the chassis of the bullet train, the chassis of the bullet train is slightly higher than the working platform, the chassis of the bullet train is formed by splicing twelve aluminum profiles, and the working platform 12 is designed according to the cross section shape of the chassis of the bullet train, and the two dimensions are the same. The moving device 1 comprises a driving wheel assembly 5, a driven wheel assembly 3 and an automatic guiding assembly 4. The moving device 1 is provided with four guide wheels 43 guided along the side surfaces of the working table 12 or the workpiece 14 so as to be capable of reciprocating along the length direction of the workpiece 14, the moving speed is adjustable, and each pair of guide wheels 43 forms clamping force to the clamped workpiece 14, thereby ensuring the guiding precision when the moving device 1 moves. A plurality of sets of polishing devices 7 are arranged on the mobile device 1, and the polishing devices 7 are provided with polishing motors 72 to drive the steel wire wheels 73 to rotate; the wire wheel 73 applies a constant force to the polishing device through a constant mass counterweight, and presses the polishing device against the surface to be processed of the workpiece 14, so that the surface of the workpiece 14 is polished. The dust recovery assembly 6 is installed behind the wire wheel 73 to collect alumina dust. In consideration of the stability of the vehicle body, wheels are arranged at four corners of the vehicle body 8, wherein two wheels close to one side of the grinding device 7 are driving wheels 53 which are respectively driven by a direct current grinding motor to realize the forward and backward movement and braking of the moving device 1; the other two wheels are driven wheels 32, and two directional wheels are selected and fixed on the bottom of the vehicle body 8 through bolts.

As shown in fig. 3, the driven wheel assembly 3 includes a driven wheel bracket 31 and a driven wheel 32, and the driven wheel bracket 31 includes a bracket top plate 33 and bracket side plates 34 extending downward from both sides of the bracket top plate 33, respectively. A rotating shaft 35 penetrates between the two bracket side plates 34, and the driven wheel 32 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 35.

As shown in fig. 4, each automatic guide assembly 4 includes a bracket 41 having an L-shape, an adjustment spring 42, and a guide wheel 43. Two sleeves 45 are respectively arranged on the outer end parts of the transverse plates 44 of the L-shaped bracket 41, and T-shaped rotating shafts 46 of the guide wheels 43 are inserted into the sleeves 45. Two pairs of automatic guide assemblies 4 are respectively installed on two sides of the vehicle body and comprise a left automatic guide assembly 4 and a right automatic guide assembly 4. The installation position of the guide wheel 43 is adjustable within a certain range, the guide wheel is fixed on the L-shaped support 41 by nuts after the position is determined, the left automatic guide assembly 4 plays a role in positioning in the moving process of the equipment, the right automatic guide assembly 4 cannot move, two ends of the adjusting spring 42 are respectively fixed on the L-shaped support 41 and the T-shaped rotating shaft 46 of the guide wheel 43, an inward rotating force is provided for the guide wheel, when the left and right guide supports are installed in pairs, an elastic clamping force is formed on the workpiece 14, so that the positioning and the guiding can be carried out along the workpiece 14, and the influence of machining errors on the guiding can be effectively avoided. In other words, the moving device of the grinding device 7 drives the grinding device to work in a way that the rail car body 8 moves along the machining track, reasonable moving speed V is realized through the grinding motor, and in order to ensure the position relation between the steel wire wheel 73 and the workpiece 14, a positioning principle which is self-reference is adopted, and because the workpiece 14 has an error in the machining process, only one side of the bullet train chassis is used as the reference, and the other side of the bullet train chassis is in elastic contact, and the machined surface of the bullet train chassis is positioned through a positioning element.

As shown in fig. 5, the capstan assembly 5 includes a motor 51, a capstan support 52, and a capstan 53, the motor 51 and the capstan 53 being mounted on both sides of the capstan support 52, respectively.

As shown in fig. 6, the dust recovery assembly 6 includes a dust cover 61 and a dust bag 62, and the dust bag 62 is attached to an end outlet of the dust cover 61 and is housed in the vehicle body 8. Each dust bag 62 is inserted into the discharge pipe again, so that the dust generated by the grinding device 7 is recovered in real time, avoiding the environmental impact. The dust cover 61 is mounted on the outer side of the vehicle body 8 to cover the wire wheel 73, and the dust cover 61 and the dust bag 62 have structures fitted to each other at the mutual connection. In the preferred embodiment, the equipment is provided with 12 grinding devices, 12 dust recovery assemblies 6 are matched, in the working process, the dust cover 61 collects the dust ground by the steel wire wheels 73, a cloth bag or a discharge pipe is commonly used in the vehicle body to recover the dust, and the dust is convenient to intensively clean.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, and with reference to fig. 2, the grinding device 7 includes a grinding motor 72, a grinding carriage 71, and a wire wheel 73. The wire wheel 73 is a parallel wire wheel, in a preferred embodiment a parallel wire wheel of 304# stainless steel corrugated wire with a diameter of 0.3mm is selected, the configuration of the wire wheel is designed according to the shape of the workpiece surface to adapt to the structural characteristics of the machined surface, and the configuration of the wire wheel is shown in fig. 2 and 7.

As shown in fig. 9 and 7, grinder motor shaft 721 includes a shoulder 722, a keyway 723, and a threaded section 724 disposed on the outside of the shaft, with wire wheel 73 mounted against shoulder 722 and the outside tightened with nut 75. An adjusting shim can be arranged between the shaft shoulder 722 and the steel wire wheel 73 to adjust the position of the steel wire wheel 73 along the length direction of the vehicle body 8. The grinding motor 72 is provided with a driver, and the rotating speed of the grinding motor 72 can be adjusted through the driver to change the grinding linear speed, so that the process requirement is met. The grinding motor 72 is mounted on the grinding support 71, the grinding support 71 is of a trihedral structure, a through hole 712 is formed in the end face of the output shaft of the grinding motor 72 of the grinding support 71, a support rod 713 extends outwards from a first side face 714 of the grinding support 71, and a bracket 711 is arranged on a second side face 715 of the grinding support 71. The bracketed second side 715 is used to add weight during operation, with the weight applying a constant weight force to cause the wire wheel to press against the surface of the workpiece 14. The first side 714 of the strap support bar 713 is coupled to the hinge limiting mechanism 87.

As shown in fig. 11 and with reference to fig. 1, 2, and 7, the hinge stopper mechanism 87 is fixed to the vehicle body 8, and includes a hinge 861 and a stopper plate 862. The limiting plate 862 is located at the lower part between the two hinges 861, the polishing device 7 can swing around the hinge shaft 74, the upper surface of the workbench 12 is slightly lower than the workpiece 14, when the moving device 1 returns to the workbench 12 from the workpiece 14, the mechanism is limited by the limiting plate 862 and is located at the lowest position of the lower limit position, so that the wire wheel is not contacted with the surface of the workbench to avoid scratching the surface, and when the polishing device 7 is located on the workpiece 14, the wire wheel 73 is supported by the workpiece 14 to be processed.

As shown in fig. 10, the vehicle body 8 includes a button box 81, a left side proximity switch 82, a battery pack 83, a vehicle body frame 84, a cover panel 9 on the vehicle body frame 84, a return side proximity switch 85, a forward side proximity switch 86, a hinge limit mechanism 87, a PLC control system 88, and an audible-visual warning lamp 89. The vehicle body 8 is a carrier for driving other devices to move, and is also a key component carried by the moving device 1, and the moving precision, flexibility and reliability of the whole equipment are directly influenced. Considering that the whole equipment makes a straight reciprocating motion along the workpiece 14, the appearance of the vehicle body adopts a square design, which not only facilitates the division of each area, but also facilitates the installation of other devices.

The internal space of the vehicle body 8 can be divided into 12 areas, wherein a battery pack is arranged in an area A-an area G, a PLC control system is arranged in an area H, an area I-an area L is used as a dust recovery space, the middle part of the area I is used for placing a control box, and the part close to the charger is used for placing a battery. A left proximity switch 82, a return-side proximity switch 85, or a forward-side proximity switch 86 is mounted at a position intermediate between the front end surface and the rear end surface of the vehicle body 8, and detects a distance and transmits a control signal. The rear end face of the vehicle body 8 is provided with a power plug which is connected with a battery pack 83 in the vehicle body, and the power plug is in butt joint with a charger jack for charging when the vehicle body is close to the workbench 12. Install reputation alarm lamp 89 near the roof of grinding device one side, start the warning when unusual in the course of the work. The side of the vehicle body far away from the grinding device is provided with a manual control panel which is provided with a start button, a stop button and an emergency stop button and is used for manual operation in the working process.

Workstation 12 includes platform 2, fills electric pile 11, charges platform 13 and locating piece 10. In a non-working state, the polishing device 7 is parked on the platform 2 and is close to the charging pile 11 for charging; in the operating state, the table 12 provides the grinding device 7 with a transition to a self-positioning guided movement of the workpiece 14, and ensures that the workpiece 14 is not displaced by the grinding force during the grinding process. Fill electric pile 11 and power connection, fix on platform 2, central point puts and is furnished with electrical socket, matches with the power plug position that automobile body 8 reserved, but the butt joint charges when berthhing. The platform 2 has a height and a width corresponding to those of the workpiece 14, and inclined surfaces on both sides of the platform 2 are lower than a surface to be machined of the workpiece 14, so as to ensure that the grinding device does not contact the worktable 12 when being on the worktable 12. In a preferred embodiment, two limiting plates can be further designed at the joint of the platform and the workpiece 14, so that the workpiece 14 and the platform are prevented from deviating in the left-right direction in the working process, and the height of the limiting plate is lower than that of a self-positioning guide wheel of a vehicle body, so that the joint and the equipment movement are not influenced. One side of the fixed charging pile is provided with a distance detection plate, and the position of the distance detection plate corresponds to the position limit switch of the vehicle body. The positioning block is in butt joint with the workbench 12 and the workpiece 14, the positioning block 10 is an independent body and is not connected with the platform, the positioning block is used for positioning the workpiece 14 to prevent the workpiece 14 from moving along the moving direction of the vehicle body, the positioning block and the platform are also provided with limiting plates on two sides, and the workpiece 14 is prevented from being dislocated when being in butt joint with the workpiece 14. And a distance detection plate is arranged on one side far away from the limiting plate and used for detecting the distance of a proximity switch on the mobile device 1 close to the grinding device side.

The oxidation film polishing device 7 of the bullet train chassis reciprocates on the surface of the bullet train chassis, and one round-trip motion is a working cycle. If the removal amount of the oxide film in one working cycle of the polishing device 7 is set to be H, the removal amount in one stroke is set to be H/2. The removal amount is influenced by the linear speed of the steel wire wheel, the stress of the vertical direction of the contact surface and the polishing time of the contact surface. Generally, the larger the radius of the steel wire wheel is, the better the polishing effect is, on the premise that the radius of the steel wire wheel is not changed, the linear speed of the steel wire wheel is in direct proportion to the rotating speed ns of the steel wire brush, the larger the linear speed of the steel wire brush is, the larger the rotating speed ns is, and the larger the corresponding removal amount is. The stress in the vertical direction of the contact surface is related to the mass of the steel wire wheel, the mass of the counterweight device and the mass of the steel wire wheel driving motor, and the total mass is set to be m, the larger the total mass m is, the larger the stress in the vertical direction of the contact surface is. The contact surface polishing time is related to the contact surface length L of the steel wire wheel rolling reduction and the moving speed V of the vehicle body 8, on the premise that other masses are not changed, the larger the mass of the counterweight device is, the larger the contact surface length L is, and because the removal amount of the oxide film is small, the influence of the contact surface length on the removal amount is ignored in the invention. The moving speed V of the vehicle body 8 is related to the processing thickness and efficiency, and has the advantages of high speed, shallow processing, low speed and deep processing. In order to adapt to the diversity of field work, the mass of the balance weight and the moving speed of the vehicle body 8 are given an adjustable range, and under the condition of determining other parameters, the balance weight value and the moving speed of the vehicle body 8 meeting the polishing requirement are adjusted according to the actual working condition of the field.

Next, for the automatic polishing system for the oxidation film of the chassis of the bullet train, models of the vehicle body 8 and the polishing device 7 are respectively established by using three-dimensional modeling software Proe. Vehicle body 8 modal analysis constraints: the body 8 is free to move along the Z-axis, limiting the other 5 degrees of freedom. All other contact surfaces are binding constraints. And (3) modal analysis boundary conditions of the grinding device 7: the support can be around round pin axle namely X axle free rotation, restricts other 5 degrees of freedom. Harmonic response analysis of the sharpening device 7 an external load excitation was applied to the wire wheel axis based on the modal analysis of the sharpening device 7.

The low-order natural frequency has a decisive effect on the vibration of the multi-degree-of-freedom system, namely the low-order natural frequency of the multi-degree-of-freedom system has a large influence on the dynamic characteristic of the system, and the high-order natural frequency has a relatively small influence on the dynamic characteristic of the multi-degree-of-freedom system. Therefore, solving the high-order natural frequency of the multi-degree-of-freedom system has little meaning to the problem researched by the application, so that the application only calculates the first 8-order natural frequency of the vehicle body 8 system.

The number of the orders of the model is 8, the natural frequency of the vehicle body 8 is obtained, the natural frequency of the vehicle body 8 is lower, the natural frequency of the first 8 orders is below 4Hz, the working frequency of the motor of the polishing device 7 is 30Hz which is far greater than the natural frequency of the vehicle body 8, and in addition, the polishing device 7 is connected with the vehicle body 8 through a movable hinge, partial exciting force can be unloaded to a certain degree, and therefore resonance of the vehicle body 8 cannot be caused.

The modal shape of the front 8 orders of the vehicle body 8 in the working state is analyzed, and each order of modal shape is specifically as follows:

the first-order mode vibration frequency F is 1.06E-03 Hz: the body 8 starts to start, and its maximum deformation occurs at the body and the guide wheels on the side of the button box, 0.005mm, and there is substantially no vibration.

The second-order mode shape frequency F is 1.4036 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated at the upper left corner position of the roof panel on one side of the button box, and the maximum deformation is 0.219 mm.

The third-order mode shape frequency F is 1.4129 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated at the position of the upper right corner of the roof board at the opposite side of the button box, and the maximum deformation is 0.219 mm.

The fourth order mode shape frequency F is 2.4408 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the guide wheel on one side of the button box, and the maximum deformation is 0.190 mm.

The fifth order mode shape frequency F is 2.4468 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the guide wheel on one side of the button box, and the maximum deformation is 0.190 mm.

The sixth order mode shape frequency F is 2.6361 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated at the upper left position in the roof board, and the maximum deformation is 0.215 mm.

The seventh-order mode shape frequency F is 2.6773 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated at the upper right position in the roof board, and the maximum deformation is 0.214 mm.

The eighth-order mode shape frequency F is 2.8624 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the guide wheels on the opposite side of the button box, and the maximum deformation is 0.251 mm.

In conclusion, under the low-order natural frequency, the maximum deformation of the vehicle body 8 is less than 0.3mm, the deformation amount is small, the influence on the structure of the vehicle body 8 is small, and the design requirement is met.

In the modal analysis of the polishing apparatus 7, the first 6 orders of natural frequency and modal shape of the polishing apparatus 7 were studied in the present application, and the first six orders of natural frequency of the polishing apparatus 7 under different weights were analyzed, where the weights were 0kg, 0.5kg, 1.0kg, 1.5kg, 2.0kg, and 2.5kg, respectively, and the natural frequency values are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 grinding device with different weights

As can be seen from table 1, the natural frequency of the grinding device 7 becomes larger as the order increases; and as the weight is increased, the natural frequency of each step of the grinding device 7 tends to decrease. Wherein the 3 rd order natural frequency has the largest change, and the 2 nd order and the 5 th order have the second change, the 3 rd order natural frequency is changed from 148.47Hz to 69.226Hz, the 2 nd order natural frequency is changed from 86.85Hz to 50.456Hz, and the 5 th order natural frequency is changed from 195.34Hz to 167.97 Hz. Wherein the natural frequency of order 1 is close to the frequency of the exciting force load of 30Hz, possibly causing resonance of the sanding device 7. The 1 st order natural a frequencies of the polishing devices 7 under weights of 0kg, 0.5kg, 1.0kg, 1.5kg, 2.0kg, and 2.5kg were 25.833Hz, 24.869Hz, 24.083Hz, 23.309Hz, 22.503Hz, and 21.882Hz, respectively, and were in a decreasing trend.

Next, taking the polishing apparatus 7 without a counterweight as an example, the distribution rule of the modal shape of the polishing apparatus 7 at different modal orders is analyzed.

The first 6 orders of modal shape of the non-weighted polishing device 7 includes:

(1) first-order mode shape, frequency F25.833 Hz: the maximum deformation occurs at the edge of the wire wheel and the bracket, the maximum deformation is 17.96 mm.

(2) Second order mode shape, frequency F86.85 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the edge of the wire wheel, and the maximum deformation is 22.69 mm.

(3) Third-order mode shape, frequency F148.47 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the edge of the wire wheel, and the maximum deformation is 28.68 mm.

(4) Fourth order mode shape, frequency F168.07 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the edge of the wire wheel, and the maximum deformation is 27.22 mm.

(5) Fifth order mode shape, frequency F195.34 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the edge of the wire wheel, and the maximum deformation is 32.94 mm.

(6) Sixth order mode shape, frequency F253.61 Hz: the deformation is mainly concentrated on the edge of the steel wire wheel and the motor, and the maximum deformation is 22.00 mm.

In summary, the maximum deformation of the grinding device 7 is relatively large at the low-order natural frequency, because the amplitude of the grinding device 7 is particularly large at resonance, which results in a relatively large local deformation of the grinding device 7, while the stable operating frequency of the grinding device 7 is 30Hz, which avoids the resonance frequency, so that a relatively large deformation of the structure of the grinding device 7 is not caused.

The damping coefficient of steel is 0.001-0.008, 0.005. The excitation force source is eccentric force caused by installation deviation of a motor shaft and a steel wire wheel, 1mm is taken for calculation,the mass of the steel wire wheel is calculated according to 250g, the rotating speed of a motor shaft is 30r/s, the angular speed omega is 2 pi multiplied by 30 phi 188.4rad/s, and the eccentric force F is mr omega²＝0.25×0.001×188.4²＝8.87N。

It can be found by analysis that from 0Hz to 30Hz, the amplitude of the grinding device 7 increases first and then decreases as the frequency increases, and the highest amplitude is caused by resonance when the frequency of the exciting force is close to the first-order natural frequency of the grinding device 7. Along with the increase of grinding device 7 counter weight, resonant frequency reduces gradually, and when grinding device 7 motor operating frequency was 30Hz, the maximum amplitude also reduced gradually, and when the counter weight was 2.5kg, the maximum amplitude was 0.23035mm, and the biggest runout displacement along the Z direction was 0.4607mm, was less than 0.5mm, because the wire wheel has certain elasticity, 0.4607 mm's the biggest runout can be accepted, satisfies the design requirement of polisher. Therefore, the counter weight of the grinding device 7 is selected to be 2.5kg, the rotating speed of the motor of the grinding device 7 is selected to be 1800 r/min-2000 r/min, the jumping quantity of the grinding device 7 can be controlled within a preset and reasonable range, the resonance frequency section of a vehicle body is avoided, and the grinding effect of the grinding machine is improved.

In summary, the bullet train chassis oxide film polisher is a research object, modal analysis calculation is performed to obtain the natural frequency and the vibration mode of the vehicle body 8 and the polishing device 7, the polishing device 7 performs harmonic response analysis to research the influence of different weights on the vibration amplitude of the polishing device 7, and the following information is obtained:

(1) the natural frequency of the vehicle body 8 is low, the natural frequency of the first 16 th order is below 4Hz, and the working frequency of the motor of the grinding device 7 is 30Hz which is far higher than the natural frequency of the vehicle body 8, so that the resonance of the vehicle body 8 is not caused.

(2) The natural frequency of the grinding means 7 becomes larger as the order increases. As the weight increases, the natural frequency of each step of the polishing apparatus 7 tends to decrease.

(3) The counter weight of the polishing device 7 is selected to be 2.5kg, the rotating speed of the motor of the polishing device 7 is selected to be 1800-2000 r/min, the jumping quantity of the polishing device 7 can be controlled within a reasonable range, the resonance frequency section of a vehicle body is avoided, and the polishing effect of the polishing machine is improved.

The automatic polishing system for the oxidation film of the bullet train chassis provided by the invention has the following advantages: due to the site limitation of a train production workshop, the grinding device 7 is designed to adopt a charging type platform structure, and is spliced with a workpiece to be processed in a reciprocating manner during working without power supply; when not working, the platform is stopped for charging, and the space is saved. In consideration of the particularity of the structure of the bullet train chassis, the bullet train chassis oxidation film polishing device 7 not only has certain flexibility, but also can deal with complex processing surfaces, therefore, the invention adopts the steel wire wheel to polish the processing surfaces, the steel wire wheel is convenient to assemble and disassemble, and the steel wire wheels with different shapes can be selected to process the processing surfaces with different shapes. In order to ensure that the grinding device 7 can accurately position the processed surface in the automatic grinding process, the invention selects a self-positioning moving device which takes the processed surface as a reference, and the direction of the moving device is corrected by the clamping force formed between the positioning wheels at two sides. The dust removal device is added to recover the polished dust in real time, so that the dust is prevented from diffusing and polluting the working environment. This bullet train chassis oxidation film grinding device 7 has adopted PLC control system, carries out accurate control to each link in the process of polishing, prepares for follow-up intelligent oxidation film grinding device 7's research. A plurality of innovation points are provided in the design of the oxidation film polishing device 7 of the chassis of the bullet train, for example, a workpiece is used as a moving track, a positioning device is used as a reference, a quality control scheme of constant pressure, a platform parking charging scheme and the like, so that the working requirement is met, the cost can be effectively reduced, and the competitiveness is enhanced.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic system of polishing of motor car chassis oxide film, includes mobile device, grinding device and workstation be equipped with the mobile device on the workstation, by the automobile body that the mobile device supported, and along the work piece that the extension of workstation comprises motor car chassis oxide film which characterized in that:

the moving device comprises a driving wheel component, a driven wheel component and an automatic guide component, wherein the driving wheel component comprises a motor, a driving wheel bracket and a driving wheel, and the motor and the driving wheel are respectively arranged on two sides of the driving wheel bracket; the driven wheel assembly comprises a driven wheel support and a driven wheel, the driven wheel support comprises a support top plate and support side plates which respectively extend downwards from two sides of the support top plate, a rotating shaft penetrates between the two support side plates, and the driven wheel is sleeved on the rotating shaft; the automatic guide assembly comprises an L-shaped bracket, an adjusting spring and a guide wheel, two sleeves are respectively arranged at the outer end parts of transverse plates of the L-shaped bracket, and a T-shaped rotating shaft of the guide wheel is inserted into the sleeves;

the polishing device comprises a plurality of steel wire wheels arranged on the moving device, each steel wire wheel is driven by a polishing motor and loads constant force on the polishing device through a constant-mass balance weight to press the polishing device on the surface to be processed of the workpiece, so that the surface of the workpiece is polished; the grinding motor is installed on the grinding support, the grinding support is of a trihedral structure, a through hole is formed in the end face of an output shaft of the grinding motor of the grinding support, a supporting rod extends outwards from a first side face of the grinding support, a supporting groove is formed in a second side face of the grinding support, a balance weight is added during working, the first side face with the supporting rod is connected with a hinge limiting mechanism, the hinge limiting mechanism is fixed on a vehicle body and comprises hinges and a limiting plate, the limiting plate is located at the lower part between the two hinges, the grinding device can swing around hinge shafts of the two hinges, when the grinding device is located on a workbench, the hinge limiting mechanism is located at the lowest limiting position, and at the moment, the steel wire wheel and the workbench; when the polishing device is positioned on the workpiece, the steel wire wheel is supported by the workpiece to be in a contact state; and

the workbench comprises a platform, a charging pile, a charging table and a positioning block; in a non-working state, the polishing device stops at a workbench and is charged by the charging pile; under operating condition, the platform provides one for grinding device and carries out the transition district that self-align direction removed to the work piece, and the height, the width of platform are unanimous with the work piece, and the both sides of platform are equipped with the inclined plane that treats that the machined surface is lower than the work piece to guarantee that grinding device polishes the work piece with the speed motion of predetermineeing on the workstation.

2. The automatic polishing system for oxide films on bullet train chassis according to claim 1, wherein: the steel wire wheel is a flat steel wire wheel, a motor shaft of the polishing motor comprises a shaft shoulder, a key groove and a threaded section arranged on the outer side of the motor shaft, the flat steel wire wheel is installed by propping against the shaft shoulder, and the outer side of the flat steel wire wheel is screwed by a nut; an adjusting shim is arranged between the shaft shoulder and the flat steel wire wheel to adjust the position of the flat steel wire wheel along the length direction of the vehicle body.

3. The automatic polishing system for the oxide film on the chassis of the bullet train as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the automobile body includes button box, first proximity switch, group battery, automobile body framework, second proximity switch, audible and visual alarm lamp and PLC control system, and the inner space of automobile body can divide into a plurality of regions to hold group battery and PLC control system respectively.

4. The automatic polishing system for oxide films on bullet train chassis according to claim 3, wherein: the two driving wheel assemblies and the two driven wheel assemblies are respectively arranged at four corners of the vehicle body, and driving wheels of the driving wheel assemblies are driven by a direct-current grinding motor to realize the forward and backward movement and braking of the moving device; and a driven wheel of the driven wheel assembly is fixed on the bottom of the vehicle body by a directional wheel.

5. The automatic polishing system for oxide films on bullet train chassis according to claim 4, wherein: two pairs of automatic guide assemblies are respectively installed on two sides of the vehicle body, the automatic guide assemblies comprise a left automatic guide assembly and a right automatic guide assembly, the installation positions of the guide wheels are adjustable within a preset range, the guide wheels are fixed on the L-shaped bracket by nuts after the positions are determined, the left automatic guide assembly plays a role in positioning in the moving process, and the right automatic guide assembly cannot move; two ends of the adjusting spring are respectively fixed on the L-shaped support and the T-shaped rotating shaft of the guide wheel, an inward rotating force is given to the guide wheel, and after the left automatic guide assembly and the right automatic guide assembly are installed in pairs, an elastic clamping force is formed on a workpiece, so that the workpiece can be positioned and guided along the workpiece.

6. The automatic polishing system for oxide films on bullet train chassis according to claim 5, wherein: the dust recovery assembly comprises a dust cover and a dust bag, the dust cover is arranged on the outer side of the vehicle body to cover the steel wire wheel, and the dust bag is connected to an outlet at the end part of the dust cover and is contained in the vehicle body; each dust bag is inserted into a discharge pipe, thereby recovering dust generated from the grinding device in real time.

7. The automatic polishing system for oxide films on bullet train chassis according to claim 5, wherein: the natural frequency of the polishing device is increased along with the increase of the order; and with the increase of the balance weight, the natural frequency of each step of the grinding device tends to be reduced.

8. The automatic polishing system for oxide films on bullet train chassis according to claim 6, wherein: the counter weight of the grinding device is 2.5kg, the rotating speed of a motor of the grinding device is 1800 r/min-2000 r/min, and the jumping amount of the grinding device can be controlled within a preset range.