CN109807286B - Metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling - Google Patents
Metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109807286B CN109807286B CN201810026986.8A CN201810026986A CN109807286B CN 109807286 B CN109807286 B CN 109807286B CN 201810026986 A CN201810026986 A CN 201810026986A CN 109807286 B CN109807286 B CN 109807286B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling, which comprises five steps of casting pouring process design, metal random back mold (2) design and preparation, sand shell mold (3) design and preparation, casting sand core (4) design and preparation and casting (1) preparation. According to the metal mold casting method provided by the invention, the cooling channel (7) is arranged in the metal mold backing (2), water or oil can be introduced to adjust the temperature of the mold in the casting and solidification process of the casting (1), so that the cooling of the casting (1) is accelerated, the production efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the control of the solidification phase of the casting (1) can be realized through cooling control, and the expected mechanical property of the casting (1) product is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sand casting, in particular to a metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling.
Background
The casting of iron castings mostly adopts sand casting, which is a traditional casting process taking silica sand as a main material, and comprises the steps of firstly manufacturing a model, a core box, a bottom plate and a sand box, and then molding and core manufacturing of upper and lower sand molds on the upper and lower sand boxes by using mixed sand; and assembling the sand core into the sand box, and closing the box for pouring.
The following problems exist in the existing sand casting process: 1) high-quality wood is required to be consumed for manufacturing the model, the manufacturing period is long, the cost is high, and the model is not suitable to be stored; 2) a large number of tools are needed, such as sand boxes, bottom plates and the like; 3) investment of molding sand mixing and regeneration treatment equipment is needed, the cost is higher when the sand consumption is larger, and the sand is lost in the regeneration process, so that the resource consumption and the industrial waste generation are caused; 4) because the size of the sand box is fixed, the size of the sand box can not be flexibly changed along with the casting, so that the sand eating quantity is large, and the casting cost is high; 5) the traditional sand casting method is not easy to control the mechanical property and the external dimension of the casting, and particularly, the casting with complex shape is difficult to prepare.
At present, there is also a process method of casting by using a metal mold, but casting by using a metal mold is generally only suitable for casting of materials with low melting temperature, and cast iron castings are generally cast without using a metal mold. Therefore, a die casting method suitable for a cast iron material casting has been a goal pursued by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems that in the prior art, a large amount of molding sand is needed to be used in the sand casting process of an iron casting to cause low production efficiency, pollution is generated and the product performance is not easy to guarantee, and provides a metal mold casting method capable of realizing quick cooling, which can greatly reduce the usage amount of the molding sand, improve the performance and the production efficiency of a product, and simultaneously can obtain the required metal structure and mechanical performance of a casting to be improved by controlling the cooling speed so as to realize the goals of controlling the mold and controlling the performance in casting.
The invention provides a metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling, which adopts a metal mold and a sand core to assemble and pour, wherein the metal mold consists of a metal free-form mold and a sand shell mold which is tightly contacted with the inner surface of the metal free-form mold and has a certain thickness, and a cooling channel for adjusting the cooling speed of a casting is arranged on the metal free-form mold.
The casting process of the casting is completed through the traditional sand casting, a casting sand mold and a casting sand core are prepared through a large amount of molding sand, the sand mold can be reused only by removing resin on the surface of the molding sand through regeneration treatment, a metal random back mold is used for replacing the traditional casting sand mold in the casting manufacturing process, the molding sand is only used in the preparation process of the casting sand core and a sand shell mold, and meanwhile, the metal random back mold can be reused after being cooled, so that the production efficiency of the product can be improved; the same metal random back mold has better stability in the use process, and can ensure the stability of the performance of the casting; meanwhile, the metal random back mold can be recycled after being used. The thicknesses of the metal mold and the sand shell mold are determined by simulation through cold setting simulation software; the cooling channel can control the cooling speed of the casting, and can improve the production efficiency and the product performance.
The metal mold casting method according to the present invention, which can realize rapid cooling, preferably includes the steps of:
s1, casting process design: designing a three-dimensional model of the casting and a casting head system through modeling software according to the shape of the casting;
s2, designing and preparing a metal conformal back mold: designing and preparing a metal conformal back mold through modeling software;
s3, designing and preparing a sand shell mold: designing and preparing a sand shell mold through modeling software;
s4, designing and preparing a casting sand core: designing and preparing a casting sand core through modeling software;
s5, preparation of a casting: and (4) carrying out metal pouring after the metal-accompanied back mold prepared in the step S2, the sand shell mold prepared in the step S3 and the casting sand core prepared in the step S4 are combined, and then carrying out cooling, opening, polishing and cleaning to obtain the casting.
In the die casting method according to the present invention, preferably, the step S2 further includes the steps of:
s21, designing a metal mold-following back mold: designing a three-dimensional model of the metal conformal back mold through modeling software according to the shape of the casting;
s22, designing and preparing a metal-following back mold sand mold, a metal-following back mold sand core and a cooling channel sand core: designing and preparing a metal random back mold sand mold, a metal random back mold sand core and a cooling channel sand core through modeling software;
s23, preparing a metal mold-following back mold: and (5) performing metal pouring after the metal-accompanied back mold sand mold, the metal-accompanied back mold sand core and the cooling channel sand core prepared in the step (S22) are combined, and then performing cooling, opening, polishing and cleaning to obtain the metal-accompanied back mold.
The metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling is characterized in that a sand shell mold and a casting sand core are prepared by a 3D printing sand mold technology as an optimal mode.
The metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling is characterized in that a metal-accompanied back mold sand mold, a metal-accompanied back mold sand core and a cooling channel sand core are prepared by a 3D printing sand mold technology as an optimal mode.
The casting with higher complexity can be prepared by the metal-following back mold sand mold, the metal-following back mold sand core, the cooling channel sand core, the casting sand core and the sand shell making mold which are prepared by 3D printing, and the application range of sand mold casting is expanded.
The metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling, which is disclosed by the invention, is characterized in that as an optimal mode, the inner surface of a sand shell mold is matched with the outer surface of a casting; the outer surface of the sand core of the casting is mated with the inner surface of the casting.
The metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling is characterized in that as an optimal mode, the inner surface of a metal mold back mold sand mold is matched with the outer surface of a metal mold back mold; the outer surface of the metal mold-following back mold sand core is matched with the inner surface of the metal mold-following back mold.
The metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling is characterized in that as an optimal mode, the inner surface of a metal random back mold sand mold, the outer surfaces of a metal random back mold sand core and a cooling channel sand core are coated with a coating for preventing the metal random back mold from sand sticking; the inner surface of the shell mold and the outer surface of the sand core of the casting are coated with a coating for preventing the casting from sand sticking.
According to the metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling, the thickness of the sand shell mold is 5-20 mm as a preferable mode. The thickness of sand system shell mould is between 5~20mm, preferably between 10 ~ 15mm, can enough guarantee the intensity of sand system shell mould and can furthest's the use amount of saving the molding sand again.
The metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling is characterized in that a metal mold following back mold and a sand shell mold are in a split combination type and are fastened by adopting glue bonding or mechanical snap fasteners as an optimal mode.
According to the invention, the metal mould is used for replacing a sand mould in the manufacturing process of the casting, so that the usage amount of the molding sand can be greatly reduced, the cost and time for reprocessing the molding sand are reduced, the consumption of the molding sand is reduced, and the production efficiency of the casting is improved; the metal back mould can be repeatedly used, and the quality stability of casting products can be improved.
The invention further arranges a cooling channel in the metal free-form mould, which can introduce water or oil to adjust the temperature of the mould in the casting solidification process, thus accelerating the cooling of the casting, improving the production efficiency, and realizing the control of the casting solidification phase through cooling control and the expected mechanical property of the casting product.
The invention further prepares the metal random back mould, the metal back mould sand core, the cooling channel sand core, the casting sand core and the sand shell making mould by the 3D printing technology, can prepare castings with higher complexity, and expands the application range of sand casting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a metal mold casting process that can achieve rapid cooling;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a metal mold casting method step S2 in which rapid cooling can be achieved;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the sand mold of a metal mold back and the sand core of the metal mold back for realizing rapid cooling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the combination of a metal mold and a sand core in the casting preparation according to a metal mold casting method which can realize rapid cooling;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the positional relationship of a metal mold, a sand core and a casting in the casting preparation by a metal mold casting method which can realize rapid cooling;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the effect of a metal mold casting method for casting a product which can realize rapid cooling.
Reference numerals:
1. casting; 2. a metal conformal back mold; 3. sand making a shell mold; 4. a casting sand core; 5. a metal random back mold sand mold; 6. a metal mold-following back mold sand core; 7. a cooling channel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a method for casting a metal mold capable of realizing rapid cooling includes the steps of:
s1, casting process design: designing a three-dimensional model of the casting 1 and a casting head system through modeling software according to the shape of the casting 1;
s2, designing and preparing the metal conformal back mold 2: designing and preparing a metal conformal back mold 2 through modeling software; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, designing the metal mold back 2: designing a three-dimensional model of a metal conformal back mold 2 through modeling software according to the shape of the casting 1;
s22, designing and preparing the metal-following back mold sand mold 5, the metal-following back mold sand core 6 and the cooling channel sand core: preparing a metal-followed back mold sand mold 5, a metal-followed back mold sand core 6 and a cooling channel sand core through modeling software design and a 3D printing technology, wherein the inner surface of the metal-followed back mold sand mold 5 is matched with the outer surface of a metal-followed back mold 2, the outer surface of the metal-followed back mold sand core 6 is matched with the inner surface of the metal-followed back mold 2, and the inner surface of the metal-followed back mold sand mold 5, the outer surface of the metal-followed back mold sand core 6 and the outer surface of the cooling channel sand core are coated with a coating for preventing the metal-followed back mold 2 from being bonded with sand;
s23, preparing a metal mold back 2: the metal-free back mold sand mold 5, the metal-free back mold sand core 6 and the cooling channel sand core prepared in the step S22 are subjected to metal pouring after being molded, and then are cooled, opened, polished and cleaned to obtain the metal-free back mold 2 with the cooling channel 7;
s3, designing and preparing the sand shell mold 3: preparing a sand-made shell mold 3 through modeling software design and a 3D printing technology, wherein the inner surface of the sand-made shell mold 3 is matched with the outer surface of a casting 1, the thickness of the sand-made shell mold 3 is 10-15 mm, the metal conformal back mold 2 and the sand-made shell mold 3 are in a split combination type and are fastened by adopting glue bonding or mechanical snap fasteners, and the inner surface of the sand-made shell mold 3 is coated with a coating for preventing the casting 1 from being bonded with sand;
s4, designing and preparing a casting sand core 4: designing through modeling software and preparing a casting sand core 4 through a 3D printing technology, wherein the outer surface of the casting sand core 4 is matched with the inner surface of the casting 1, and the outer surface of the casting sand core 4 is coated with a coating for preventing the casting 1 from being bonded with sand;
s5, preparation of a casting 1: and (3) carrying out metal pouring after the metal-associated back mold 2 prepared in the step S2, the sand-made shell mold 3 prepared in the step S3 and the casting sand core 4 prepared in the step S4 are combined, cooling, opening, polishing and cleaning are carried out to obtain the casting 1, cooling water is introduced into the cooling channel 7 in the cooling process according to the characteristics of the required casting 1 to realize the adjustment of the cooling speed of the casting 1, and the control of the solidification phase of the casting 1 is realized.
The foregoing description is intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications, changes, and equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling, characterized in that: the casting method comprises the steps of pouring after a metal mold and a sand core are assembled, wherein the metal mold consists of a metal mold back (2) and a sand shell mold (3) which is tightly contacted with the inner surface of the metal mold back (2) and has the thickness of 5-20 mm, the sand shell mold (3) is manufactured by 3D printing, and a cooling channel (7) used for adjusting the cooling speed of a casting (1) is arranged on the metal mold back (2);
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, casting process design: designing a three-dimensional model of the casting (1) and a casting head system through modeling software according to the shape of the casting (1);
s2, designing and preparing the metal conformal back mold (2): designing and preparing the metal conformal back mold (2) through modeling software;
s3, designing and preparing the sand shell mold (3): designing and preparing the sand shell mold (3) through modeling software;
s4, designing and preparing a casting sand core (4): designing and preparing the casting sand core (4) through modeling software;
s5, preparation of a casting (1): combining the metal-associated back mold (2) prepared in the step S2, the sand-made shell mold (3) prepared in the step S3 and the casting sand core (4) prepared in the step S4, then carrying out metal pouring, and then cooling, opening, polishing and cleaning to obtain the casting (1);
wherein, the step S2 further includes the following steps:
s21, designing a metal mold-following back mold (2): designing a three-dimensional model of the metal mold-following back mold (2) through modeling software according to the shape of the casting (1);
s22, designing and preparing a metal-following back mold sand mold (5), a metal-following back mold sand core (6) and a cooling channel sand core: designing and preparing the metal-accompanied back mold sand mold (5), the metal-accompanied back mold sand core (6) and the cooling channel sand core through modeling software;
s23, preparing a metal mold-following back mold (2): the metal-accompanied back mold sand mold (5), the metal-accompanied back mold sand core (6) and the cooling channel sand core prepared in the step S22 are subjected to metal pouring after being molded, and then are subjected to cooling, mold opening, polishing and cleaning to obtain the metal-accompanied back mold (2);
the casting sand core (4) is prepared by a 3D printing sand mold technology;
the metal-accompanied back mold sand mold (5), the metal-accompanied back mold sand core (6) and the cooling channel sand core are prepared by a 3D printing sand mold technology.
2. A metal mold casting method capable of achieving rapid cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner surface of the sand shell mold (3) is matched with the outer surface of the casting (1); the outer surface of the casting sand core (4) is matched with the inner surface of the casting (1).
3. A metal mold casting method capable of achieving rapid cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner surface of the metal molding back mold sand mold (5) is matched with the outer surface of the metal molding back mold (2); the outer surface of the metal mold-following back mold sand core (6) is matched with the inner surface of the metal mold-following back mold (2).
4. A metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: coating a coating for preventing the metal forming back mold (2) from being bonded with sand on the inner surface of the metal forming back mold sand mold (5), the outer surfaces of the metal forming back mold sand core (6) and the cooling channel sand core; the inner surface of the sand shell mold (3) and the outer surface of the casting sand core (4) are coated with a coating for preventing the casting (1) from being bonded with sand.
5. A metal mold casting method capable of realizing rapid cooling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the metal following back mold (2) and the sand shell mold (3) are in split combination and are fastened by adopting glue bonding or mechanical snap fasteners.
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| JPS58157548A (en) * | 1982-03-15 | 1983-09-19 | Toshiba Corp | Production of mold |
| JPH06285586A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1994-10-11 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Method for casting aluminum wheel |
| CN1287928C (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2006-12-06 | 李钟毅 | Environment protection type energy-saving efficient mould for casting |
| CN100423868C (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-10-08 | 上海天申铜业有限公司 | Metal mold type gravity casting die for cast of tin bronze, and casting method |
| CN104889328B (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-12-05 | 凤冈县凤鸣农用机械制造有限公司 | Compound crankshaft casting mould |
| CN106334780A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-18 | 共享装备有限公司 | Method for producing sand mold for cylinder cover through modularization |
| CN105328121B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-24 | 顺德职业技术学院 | Die-free fast casting method based on fused deposition technology |
| CN107042281A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-08-15 | 广西玉柴机器配件制造有限公司 | A kind of production method of the additional axle housing of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting car |
| CN107350429B (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2019-09-13 | 四川共享铸造有限公司 | A kind of mixing primary and secondary cored-up mould technique |
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