CN109806703A - A kind of dust-extraction unit and dust removal method of dust-laden oil gas - Google Patents
A kind of dust-extraction unit and dust removal method of dust-laden oil gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN109806703A CN109806703A CN201910181066.8A CN201910181066A CN109806703A CN 109806703 A CN109806703 A CN 109806703A CN 201910181066 A CN201910181066 A CN 201910181066A CN 109806703 A CN109806703 A CN 109806703A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the dust-extraction units and dust removal method of a kind of dust-laden oil gas, comprising: multistage cyclone separation system and filtering type catalytic separation system；For being passed through dust-laden oil gas, the gas outlet of multistage cyclone separation system is connected the air inlet of multistage cyclone separation system with the air inlet of filtering type catalytic separation system, and the gas outlet of filtering type catalytic separation system is for exporting the cleaning oil gas after dedusting；The filtering material of filtering type catalytic separation system is inorganic membrane filtration material；Multistage cyclone separation system includes the multiple cyclone separators being sequentially communicated；The tangential direction of swirling eddy is provided with one or more levels catalysis sieve plate in the cylinder of each cyclone separator；Catalysis sieve plate is multiaperture-type structure, and the area load for being catalyzed sieve plate has catalyst.The present invention can be achieved to can be realized conversion of the oil gas macromolecular volatile matter to small molecule while removing particle dust to the synchronous catalysis of the classification separation coupling of the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fine grained organic resources, gas solid separation technical field, and in particular to a kind of dust-laden oil gas
Dust-extraction unit and dust removal method.
Background technique
Organic matter (such as coal, biomass) pyrolytic technique is one of the important channel of sub-prime high-efficiency cleaning resource utilization.With
For coal, pyrolysis of coal technology is the core technology of Coal Clean Efficient Conversion, but contained in the oil gas during pyrolysis of coal
Coke powder and ashes particulate matter are to restrict Coal Clean to be pyrolyzed one of the principal element utilized.In pulverized coal pyrolysis, particle content is big,
Pyrolysis of coal oil component is complicated, wherein 80% or more belongs to aromatic compound, these macromolecule hydrocarbon substances are easy to condensation, heat
Solution oil is easy to be combined together with water, carbon granules etc., forms sticky liquid substance and is attached to inner wall of the pipe and related equipment
On wall surface, gas pipeline is blocked, blocks valve, corrodes equipment, it can be seen that, efficiently separating the coke powder in oil gas is that progress coal is clear
The key of clean pyrolysis.
Traditional Oil-gas Separation mainly includes the physics such as wet process (spray process is bubbled immersion method) and dry method (dry filter method)
Method.Exist generally using multistage wet method combined separation and Cyclone Separation Technology in China's Practical Project at present and pollute big, energy
The problems such as consumption is high, subsequent processing is cumbersome, and cyclone dust collectors pressure drop is generally higher, grit arresting efficiency below for 5 μm
It is low, therefore general cyclone dust collectors can only be used as pre- cleaner.Dust removal by filtration technology is few, high-efficient because of its heat waste, it has also become high
The research hotspot of warm dust removal field, but the presence of a large amount of fine coke powders causes the high load capacity of filtering material to transport in actual motion
Row, therefore mitigate the load intensity of filtering material and extend filtering material filtering stability, it is that coal chemical technology needs solve
One critical issue.Contain a large amount of macromolecular volatile matter in addition, being pyrolyzed in oil gas during pyrolysis of coal, the volatilization of these macromoleculars
Object is easy to that soot is condensed or formed under the conditions of higher temperatures, is adhered to filtering material surface layer or is deposited on filtering material aggregate hole
In road, membrane tube ectonexine pressure drop is caused to increase.Therefore solving macromolecular in pyrolysis oil gas becomes solution to the catalyzed conversion of small molecule
The certainly key of the problem.
To sum up, the dust-extraction unit and method of a kind of novel dust-laden oil gas are needed.
Summary of the invention
It is above-mentioned to solve the purpose of the present invention is to provide the dust-extraction unit and dust removal method of a kind of dust-laden oil gas
One or more technical problems.The present invention is by being arranged multistage catalytic separation system, it can be achieved that containing to high temperature height in direction of flow
The synchronous catalysis of the classification separation coupling of dirt oil gas can be realized oil gas macromolecular volatile matter to small while removing particle dust
The conversion of molecule；It can reach the load intensity for mitigating filtering material and extend the purpose of filtering material filtering stability.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas, comprising: multistage cyclone separation system and filtering type catalytic separation system；
The air inlet of multistage cyclone separation system is for being passed through dust-laden oil gas, the gas outlet of multistage cyclone separation system and mistake
The air inlet of filter formula catalytic separation system is connected, and the gas outlet of filtering type catalytic separation system is for exporting the cleaning after dedusting
Oil gas；The filtering material of filtering type catalytic separation system is inorganic membrane filtration material；
Wherein, multistage cyclone separation system includes the multiple cyclone separators being sequentially communicated；The cylinder of each cyclone separator
The tangential direction of swirling eddy is provided with one or more levels catalysis sieve plate in vivo；Catalysis sieve plate is multiaperture-type structure, is urged
The area load for changing sieve plate has catalyst；Each cyclone separator is provided with vibrating motor；Vibrating motor and catalysis sieve plate are solid
Fixed connection can be such that catalysis sieve plate vibrates by vibrating motor.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that, further includes: in-situ regeneration blowback system；When in filtering type catalytic separation system
Filtering material resistance damage be more than the gas outlet of in-situ regeneration blowback system and filtering type catalytic separation when presetting filtration resistance damage index
The gas outlet of system is connected, and can be passed through into filtering type catalytic separation system comprising critical by in-situ regeneration blowback system
The pulse backblowing gas of reductant-oxidant.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the series of multistage cyclone separation system is at 3 grades or more.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that in multistage cyclone separation system, each cyclone separator include: cylinder and
It is catalyzed sieve plate；One end of cylinder is provided with air inlet and exhaust outlet, and the other end is provided with ash discharging hole；Gas can by air inlet
Tangential direction along cylinder enters cylinder；Tangential direction in cylinder along swirling eddy is tiltedly installed with one or more levels catalysis sieve
Plate；Catalysis sieve plate is multiaperture-type structure, and two surfaces for being catalyzed sieve plate load active phase catalyst；Ash discharging hole is for being discharged
Dust；Air inlet of the air inlet of the cyclone separator of the first order as multistage cyclone separation system, removes the every of afterbody
The gas outlet of the cyclone separator of level-one is connected with the air inlet of the cyclone separator of rear stage, the whirlwind point of afterbody
Gas outlet of the gas outlet as multistage cyclone separation system from device.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that two surfaces for being catalyzed sieve plate, which load, catalyst；It is negative to be catalyzed floor lever of sieve tray
The catalyst of load is Fe, Mn or Mg.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that load has metallic catalyst on inorganic membrane filtration material, while addition is helped and is urged
Agent；The metallic catalyst loaded on inorganic membrane filtration material is Ni, Mg or Ca, and the co-catalyst of addition is Co or Ce.
A further improvement of the present invention lies in that oxidant or reduction under the conditions of pulse backblowing gas bag ratio containing Critical Equivalent
Agent；Oxidant is oxygen or air, and reducing agent is carbon monoxide, H2O or hydrogen.
A kind of dust removal method of dust-laden oil gas, based on dust-extraction unit of the invention, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, dust-laden oil gas is passed through multistage cyclone separation system and carries out preliminary granule dust filtering and catalysis, revolved
Wind dust separation gas；The catalyst of preliminary catalytic is active phase catalyst；
Step 2, cyclone dust removal purified gas is passed through the progress of the filtering type catalytic separation system configured with inorganic membrane filtration material
Second particle dust-filtering and tar catalytic reforming obtain cleaning oil gas；Catalyst used in tar catalytic reforming includes metal
Catalyst and co-catalyst.
Dust removal method of the invention, which is further improved, to be, further includes step 3；Dust-extraction unit used further includes original position
Regenerate blowback system；
Step 3, when filtering material resistance damage was more than filtration resistance damage index in filtering type catalytic separation system, pass through catalyst
In-situ regeneration blowback system is passed through the pulse backblowing comprising critical reductant-oxidant to the gas outlet of filtering type catalytic separation system
It is self-cleaning that gas carries out blowback.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
Dust-extraction unit of the invention includes multistage cyclone separation system and filtering type catalytic separation system, multistage cyclone separation
It is provided with catalysis sieve plate in the cyclone separator of system, is configured with inorganic membrane filtration material in filtering type catalytic separation system.This
Invention is urged by the way that multi-stage separation system is arranged in oil gas direction of flow, it can be achieved that synchronizing to the classification separation coupling of dust-laden oil gas
Change the conversion, it can be achieved that oil gas macromolecular volatile matter to small molecule, it is solidifying under the conditions of higher temperatures that oil gas can be alleviated significantly
Knot；Multistage cyclone separation system and filtering type catalytic separation system are passed sequentially through, it can be achieved that the two-stage to fine particle is efficient
Gas solid separation, and then can reduce the load intensity of film filtering material and extend membrane material filtering stability.
Dust-extraction unit of the invention further includes in-situ regeneration blowback system, in implementing Pulse Cleaning, by anti-
Oxidant or reducing agent are added in air blowing source and regulate and control its ratio, it can be achieved that the carbon to catalyst surface redox
It eliminates, the reductant-oxidant of control Critical Equivalent ratio, which can guarantee to reach under conditions of not reducing combustible gas yield, urges nanometer
The in-situ regeneration of agent.
Further, catalysis sieve plate can be made to vibrate by vibrating motor, may make the dust being attached on sieve plate
It falls off.
Dust-laden oil gas to be processed is passed sequentially through multistage cyclone separation system and filtering type is urged by dust removal method of the invention
Change separation system, crude particle dust filtering and preliminary catalytic stage are carried out by multistage catalytic sieve plate cyclone separation system, can be dropped
Low oil gas dust content and tar yield；By being configured with the filtering type catalytic separation system of inorganic membrane filtration material, thin is carried out
The removal of grain object and tar catalytic reforming stage, tar class product can be further converted into micro-molecular gas product, while thin
Grain object is adsorbed filtering, can obtain cleansing oil gas.The present invention, can be real by the way that multistage catalytic separation system is arranged in direction of flow
Now to the synchronous catalysis of the classification separation coupling of the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature, it can be realized oil gas while removing particle dust and divide greatly
Conversion of the sub- volatile matter to small molecule；It can reach the load intensity for mitigating filtering material and extend filtering material filtering stability
Purpose.
In dust removal method of the invention, during inorganic membrane filtration material purifies oil gas, because surface gradually by
Fine particulates cover and system pressure difference are caused to increase, and when filtering material resistance damage was more than filtration resistance damage index, pass through catalyst
In-situ regeneration blowback system is passed through the pulse backblowing comprising critical reductant-oxidant to the gas outlet of filtering type catalytic separation system
Gas progress blowback is self-cleaning, and the stratum granulosum of outer surface is blown off, and simultaneous oxidation reducing agent decomposes the attachment of inner surface catalyst surface
Tamper carries out in-situ regeneration to catalyst, catalyst is avoided to inactivate in use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of low-temperature pyrolysis of coal oil gas gas-solid classification separation catalyzed combination of the embodiment of the present invention faces the knot of oxygen blowback
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic process flow diagram of the dust removal method of the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the cyclone separator in dust-extraction unit of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of catalysis sieve plate of the invention；
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the first ash bucket 1；Cylinder 2；It is catalyzed sieve plate 3；The air inlet 4 of multistage cyclone separation system；Filtering type
The air inlet 6 of catalytic separation system；The gas outlet 7 of filtering type catalytic separation system；Ceramic catalytic filtering material 8；Second ash bucket
9；Vibrating motor 10.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and following embodiments are only used as this hair
The explanation of bright technical solution is not used in the restriction of the scope of the present invention.
A kind of dust pelletizing system for the fine grained organic matter heat treatment high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature of the invention, including with lower part
Point: continuous feed system, high-temperature heat treatment system, multistage cyclone separation system, filtering type catalytic separation comprising being catalyzed sieve plate
System, catalyst in-situ regeneration blowback system, condenser system and ash bucket ash discharge system.
Continuous feed system and high-temperature heat treatment system generate the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature for organic matter heat treatment conversion；
The dust-laden oil gas of generation successively passes through multistage cyclone separation system, filtering type catalytic separation system, condenser system and ash bucket ash discharge
System.
Referring to Fig. 1, the series of multistage cyclone separation system is at 3 grades or more in the present invention, below with three-stage cyclone separation
For system, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail, a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas of the invention, is wrapped
It includes: three-stage cyclone separation system, filtering type catalytic separation system and in-situ regeneration blowback system.
The air inlet of three-stage cyclone separation system is for being passed through dust-laden oil gas, the gas outlet of three-stage cyclone separation system and mistake
The air inlet of filter formula catalytic separation system is connected, and the gas outlet of filtering type catalytic separation system is for exporting the cleaning after dedusting
Oil gas；The filtering material of filtering type catalytic separation system is inorganic membrane filtration material.Load has metal on inorganic membrane filtration material
Catalyst, while adding co-catalyst；The metallic catalyst loaded on inorganic membrane filtration material is Ni, Mg or Ca, and addition helps
Catalyst is Co or Ce.
Three-stage cyclone separation system includes: first order cyclone separator, second level cyclone separator and third level whirlwind point
From device.
The air inlet of first order cyclone separator is the air inlet of three-stage cyclone separation system, first order cyclone separator
Gas outlet is connected with the air inlet of second level cyclone separator, the gas outlet of second level cyclone separator and third level whirlwind point
Air inlet from device is connected, gas outlet of the gas outlet of third-stage cyclone separator as three-stage cyclone separation system.
Every primary cyclone includes: cylinder 2, the first ash bucket 1 and catalysis sieve plate 3；One end of cylinder 2 be provided with into
Port and exhaust outlet, the other end are provided with ash discharging hole；Gas can enter cylinder 2 along the tangential direction of cylinder 2 by air inlet；
Tangential direction in cylinder 2 along swirling eddy is tiltedly installed with one or more levels catalysis sieve plate 3；Catalysis sieve plate 3 is multiaperture-type
Two surfaces of structure, catalysis sieve plate 3 load active phase catalyst, and catalyst can be Fe, Mn or Mg；Ash discharging hole is for arranging
Dust out, ash discharging hole are connected with the first ash bucket 1.Vibrating motor 10 is fixedly connected with catalysis sieve plate 3, passes through 10 energy of vibrating motor
Enough vibrate catalysis sieve plate 3.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are please referred to, specifically, every grade of cyclone dust collectors include: air inlet pipe, exhaust pipe, cylinder 2, cone
Body, catalysis sieve plate 3, vibrating motor 10, ash discharge valve and the first ash bucket 1；2 top side of cylinder is equipped with air inlet pipe, cylinder top
Exhaust pipe is equipped at center, 2 lower part of cylinder is equipped with cone, and cone lower part is equipped with ash discharge valve；One is fixed on cylinder inboard wall
The catalysis sieve plate 3 of grade or multistage, catalysis sieve plate 3 are fixedly connected with vibrating motor 10；Catalysis sieve plate 3 is porous plank frame,
Its tangential direction slant setting along swirling eddy；The edge setting for being catalyzed lower one end of sieve plate 3 is jagged；It is catalyzed sieve plate 3
On, there is a hole A on the axis vertical with exhaust tube hub, the aperture of hole A is less than the caliber of exhaust pipe；It is catalyzed on sieve plate
Several sieve pores are provided with, the aperture of sieve pore is incremented by from inside to outside；Catalysis sieve plate upper and lower surface uses oxidation aluminium paint resistant to high temperature
It is coated, and be catalyzed load on sieve plate to have iron, cobalt or nickel.Be catalyzed angle between sieve plate 3 and horizontal plane 5o-60o it
Between.The hole A for exhaust is provided on catalysis sieve plate；The axis of exhaust outlet passes through the center of hole A；The diameter of hole A is small
In the diameter of exhaust pipe air inlet；Fringe radiation from from the center of hole A to catalysis sieve plate, i.e., from inside to outside along L axis, catalysis
The increasing diameter of sieve pore B, C, D, E on sieve plate 3.The edge for being catalyzed lower one end of sieve plate 3 is at a distance from cylinder inboard wall
0.5cm-10cm.Catalysis 3 upper and lower surfaces of sieve plate are coated with oxidation aluminium paint resistant to high temperature.
When the filtering material resistance damage in filtering type catalytic separation system is more than to preset filtration resistance damage index, in-situ regeneration is anti-
The gas outlet for blowing system is connected with the gas outlet of filtering type catalytic separation system, can be to mistake by in-situ regeneration blowback system
The pulse backblowing gas comprising critical reductant-oxidant is passed through in filter formula catalytic separation system.Pulse backblowing gas bag ratio containing Critical Equivalent
Under the conditions of oxidant or reducing agent；Oxidant is oxygen or air, and reducing agent is carbon monoxide, H2O or hydrogen.
Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of dust collecting process for the fine grained organic matter heat treatment high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature of the invention
And method, based on above-mentioned dust pelletizing system, operating procedure is as follows:
(1) organic matter enters the high-temperature heat treatment system generation high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature by continuous feed system, then high
Wen Gaochen oil gas enters multistage catalytic sieve plate cyclone separation system and carries out crude particle dust filtering and preliminary catalytic stage, reduces oil
Gas dust content and tar yield, obtained cyclone dust removal purified gas are discharged from separation system gas outlet；
(2) cyclone dust removal purified gas is directly entered the filtering type catalytic separation system configured with inorganic membrane filtration material, into
The removal of row fine particle and tar catalytic reforming stage, tar class product is further converted into micro-molecular gas product, simultaneously
Fine particle is adsorbed filtering, and obtained cleaning oil gas enters condenser system and carries out Oil-gas Separation, it is final obtain clean gas and
High-quality product oil；
(3) during inorganic membrane filtration material purifies oil gas, due to surface is gradually covered by fine particulates
System pressure difference is caused to increase, when filtering material resistance damage was more than filtration resistance damage index, by catalyst in-situ regeneration blowback system,
To the gas outlet of filtering type catalytic separation system be passed through the pulse backblowing gas comprising critical reductant-oxidant carry out blowback it is self-cleaning, will
The stratum granulosum of outer surface is blown off, and the dust particles being adsorbed on filtering type catalytic separation material trapped are acted in blowback air
Under, it falls to filtering type catalytic separation system low side and is discharged by ash bucket ash discharge system；Simultaneous oxidation reducing agent decomposes inner surface and urges
The tamper of agent surface attachment carries out in-situ regeneration to catalyst, catalyst is avoided to inactivate in use.
In step (1), the multistage catalytic sieve plate cyclone separation system is generally three-level arrangement above, every one cyclonic point
From inclination vibration type sieve plate is partially built-in with, when the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature passes through sieve plate, coarse grain diameter dust particles can be enriched in
Floor lever of sieve tray is slipped to cyclonic separation part low side by rapping effect, and is discharged with ash bucket ash discharge system.Specifically, described incline
Catalysis 3 material of sieve plate of oblique vibration type uses the metal material (such as steel plate) of the high dirt of high temperature resistant, and rough surface processing loads simultaneously
There are the metallic catalyst of the high dirt of high temperature resistant, generally Fe, Mn, Mg isoreactivity phase catalyst.Sieve plate one end passes through machanical fastener
It is fixed on inside the cylinder 2 of cyclone separator, the other end is acted on by external vibration motor 10 and carries out high frequency rapping.The high dust-laden of high temperature
When oil gas passes through sieve plate part, coarse grain diameter dust particles can be enriched in floor lever of sieve tray, be slipped to cyclonic separation system by rapping effect
System low side, the thick dust particles that vibration falls to the storage of cyclone separation system low side are discharged by ash bucket ash discharge system.
The inorganic filter material that filtering type catalytic separation device uses described in step (2) is generally ceramic material, metal material
Material and other heat-resisting materials, when cyclone dust removal purified gas passes through ceramic filter material, small particle dust particles can be adsorbed on pottery
On porcelain filtering material.Specifically, ceramics are because of its porosity characteristic, excellent thermal stability and chemical stability, it is that application is the widest
General high-temperature dust removal filtration material, basic load has the metallic catalysts such as Ni, Mg, Ca on ceramic material, while adding co-catalysis
The problems such as agent such as Co, Ce metallic catalyst solves easy carbon distribution, easy-sintering under catalyst high temperature.
Oxidant (oxygen, air) under the conditions of pulse backblowing gas bag ratio containing Critical Equivalent described in step (3) or also
Former agent (carbon monoxide, H2O, hydrogen), pulse backblowing gas can blow off the particulate matter being adsorbed on ceramic filter material, and with
The discharge of ash bucket ash discharge system；The internal oxidition reducing agent for including in pulse air simultaneously can eliminate the stifled of nanocatalyst surface attachment
Plug thing (such as carbon distribution), the reductant-oxidant of Critical Equivalent ratio can guarantee to reach under conditions of not reducing combustible gas yield to receiving
The in-situ regeneration of rice catalyst.Critical Equivalent ratio and blowback frequency needs go to determine according to different catalysts condition.
The effect that the dust removal method of the embodiment of the present invention can reach: in multistage cyclone separate section, part macromolecular is burnt
Oil product is converted into micro-molecular gas product by catalyst action, which is 20%-40%；Filtering type catalysis
In separation system, tar product is completely converted into micro-molecular gas product by catalyst action, which is
80%-99.99%.
To sum up, the deficiency of prior art technology and there are aiming at the problem that, the present invention proposes a kind of organic for fine grained
Object is heat-treated the dust collecting process and method of the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature, real by the way that multistage catalytic separation system is arranged in direction of flow
Now to the synchronous catalysis of the classification separation coupling of the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature, it is expected to realize to oil gas macromolecular volatile matter to small molecule
Conversion is alleviated condensation under the conditions of higher temperatures of oil gas significantly, while being realized to the efficient gas-solid of the two-stage of fine particle point
From, and then achieve the purpose that mitigate the load intensity of filtering material and extend filtering material filtering stability, heat may finally be made
Solution oil gas dust removal efficiency is up to 99.99%, and tar conversion reaches 99.99%.The present invention passes through in implementing Pulse Cleaning
Oxidant or reducing agent are added in blowback gas source and regulates and controls its ratio, to realize the oxidation to the carbon of catalyst surface
Reduction is eliminated, and the reductant-oxidant of control Critical Equivalent ratio can guarantee to reach under conditions of not reducing combustible gas yield to receiving
The in-situ regeneration of rice catalyst.The classification separation catalysis of present invention combination oil gas, catalyst and to face oxygen blowback carbon cleaning respective
Advantage, obtain it is a kind of integrate gas particulate matter removal, tar catalyzed conversion be suitable for fine grained organic matter heat treatment height
The dust collecting process and method of the high dust-laden oil gas of temperature.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are please referred to, below by taking low temperature pyrogenation in low-order coal as an example, technical solution of the present invention is made further
It is described in detail.A kind of dust removal method of dust-laden oil gas of the invention, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) low-order coal is generated the high dust-laden of 500-800 DEG C of high temperature and is pyrolyzed oil gas, led to by low temperature pyrogenation in pyrolysis oven progress
Cross the first order catalysis sieve plate cyclone separator air inlet enter three-level catalysis sieve plate cyclone separator, carry out large particle filtering and
Preliminary catalytic stage, the flying dust and dust particles of 5 μm of trapping or more, while macromolecular gaseous product Xiang little Fen under catalytic condition
The conversion of sub- gaseous product, reduces tar yield, improves synthesis gas yield, and obtained cyclone dust removal purified gas is from separator gas outlet
Discharge, three-level is catalyzed the catalysis sieve plate 3 that inclined vibration type is provided in the cylinder 2 of sieve plate cyclone separator, in external vibration
The dynamic effect of motor 10 is lower to carry out mechanical vibrator, and the particulate matter of enrichment is fallen in the first ash bucket 1；
(2) cyclone dust removal purified gas is directly entered the filtering type catalytic separation system configured with ceramic catalytic filtering material 8,
It carries out fine particle removal and tar catalytic reforming stage, the particle between 1-5 μm of trapping, clean pyrolysis gas containing tar passes through
When ceramic catalytic filtering material 8, tar can be able to conversion and reform, and finally be contained at filtering type catalytic separation device gas outlet
The clean pyrolysis gas that ash quantity is small, tar content is low, GAS QUALITY is high；
(3) when filtering material resistance damage was more than filtration resistance damage index, by adding oxygen in blowback gas source and regulating and controlling it
Ratio, to realize that the oxidation to the carbon on 8 surface of ceramic catalytic filtering material is eliminated, to reach to ceramic nano catalyst
In-situ regeneration, avoid blocking and the inactivation in catalyst duct, due to pyrolysis produce gas be reducing atmosphere, regulation oxygen work as
Dose rate and blowback frequency are most important, while under the effect of pulse backblowing gas, the powder being adsorbed on ceramic catalytic filtering material 8
Dirt particles fall is collected to the second ash bucket 9.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of dedusting suitable for the fine grained organic matter heat treatment high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature
Technique and method, comprising: the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature enters multistage catalytic sieve plate cyclone separation system and carries out crude particle dust filtering
With the preliminary catalytic stage, oil gas dust content and tar yield are reduced, the mistake configured with inorganic membrane filtration material is then directly entered
Filter formula catalytic separation system carries out fine particle removal and tar catalytic reforming stage, tar class product is further converted into
Micro-molecular gas product, while fine particle is adsorbed filtering, finally obtains clean oil gas；Pulse backblowing gas bag contains critical dissolved oxygen
Change reducing agent, the stratum granulosum of filtering material outer surface can be blown off, while eliminating the blocking of inner surface catalyst surface attachment
Object carries out in-situ regeneration to catalyst in the case where not reducing combustible gas yield.The classification separation catalysis of present invention combination oil gas,
Catalyst and face the respective advantage of oxygen blowback carbon cleaning, obtains a kind of removal of gas particulate matter, the tar catalyzed conversion of collecting in one
The dust collecting process and method for being suitable for the fine grained organic matter heat treatment high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature of body.The present invention passes through in incoming flow side
To setting multistage catalytic separation system, realizes to the synchronous catalysis of the classification separation coupling of the high dust-laden oil gas of high temperature, be expected to realization pair
Condensation under the conditions of higher temperatures of oil gas, while realization pair are alleviated in conversion of the oil gas macromolecular volatile matter to small molecule significantly
The efficient gas solid separation of the two-stage of fine particle, and then reach the load intensity for mitigating filtering material and extend filtering material filtering
The purpose of stability may finally make pyrolysis oil gas dust removal efficiency be up to 99.99%, and tar conversion reaches 99.99%.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
Several modifications and improvements are made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence what the present invention was implemented
Effect and patent practicability.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas characterized by comprising multistage cyclone separation system and filtering type catalytic separation
System；
The air inlet (4) of multistage cyclone separation system is for being passed through dust-laden oil gas, the gas outlet of multistage cyclone separation system and mistake
The air inlet (6) of filter formula catalytic separation system is connected, and the gas outlet (7) of filtering type catalytic separation system is for after exporting dedusting
Cleaning oil gas；The filtering material of filtering type catalytic separation system is inorganic membrane filtration material；
Wherein, multistage cyclone separation system includes the multiple cyclone separators being sequentially communicated；The cylinder (2) of each cyclone separator
The tangential direction of swirling eddy is inside provided with one or more levels catalysis sieve plate (3)；Being catalyzed sieve plate (3) is multiaperture-type knot
The surface of structure, catalysis sieve plate (3) is loaded with catalyst；Each cyclone separator is provided with vibrating motor (10)；Vibrating motor
(10) it is fixedly connected with catalysis sieve plate (3), catalysis sieve plate (3) can be made to vibrate by vibrating motor (10).
2. a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: in-situ regeneration is anti-
Blow system；
When the filtering material resistance damage in filtering type catalytic separation system is more than to preset filtration resistance damage index, in-situ regeneration blowback system
The gas outlet of system is connected with the gas outlet (7) of filtering type catalytic separation system, can be to mistake by in-situ regeneration blowback system
The pulse backblowing gas comprising critical reductant-oxidant is passed through in filter formula catalytic separation system.
3. a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that multistage cyclone separation system
Series is at 3 grades or more.
4. a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that multistage cyclone separation system
In, each cyclone separator includes: cylinder (2) and catalysis sieve plate (3)；One end of cylinder (2) is provided with air inlet and exhaust
Mouthful, the other end is provided with ash discharging hole；Gas can enter cylinder (2) along the tangential direction of cylinder (2) by air inlet；Cylinder
(2) tangential direction in along swirling eddy is tiltedly installed with one or more levels catalysis sieve plate (3)；Being catalyzed sieve plate (3) is porous plate
Two surfaces of formula structure, catalysis sieve plate (3) load active phase catalyst；Ash discharging hole is for being discharged dust；The rotation of the first order
Air inlet (4) of the air inlet of wind separator as multistage cyclone separation system removes the whirlwind point of every level-one of afterbody
Gas outlet from device is connected with the air inlet of the cyclone separator of rear stage, the gas outlet of the cyclone separator of afterbody
Gas outlet as multistage cyclone separation system.
5. a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two tables of catalysis sieve plate (3)
Face, which loads, catalyst；The catalyst for being catalyzed sieve plate (3) area load is Fe, Mn or Mg.
6. a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that born on inorganic membrane filtration material
It is loaded with metallic catalyst, while adding co-catalyst；The metallic catalyst loaded on inorganic membrane filtration material be Ni, Mg or Ca,
The co-catalyst of addition is Co or Ce.
7. a kind of dust-extraction unit of dust-laden oil gas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pulse backblowing gas bag is containing critical
Oxidant or reducing agent under the conditions of equivalent proportion；Oxidant is oxygen or air, and reducing agent is carbon monoxide, H2O or hydrogen.
8. a kind of dust removal method of dust-laden oil gas, which is characterized in that be based on dust-extraction unit described in claim 1, including following
Step:
Step 1, dust-laden oil gas is passed through multistage cyclone separation system and carries out preliminary granule dust filtering and preliminary catalytic, revolved
Wind dust separation gas；The catalyst of preliminary catalytic is active phase catalyst；
Step 2, it is secondary to be passed through the progress of the filtering type catalytic separation system configured with inorganic membrane filtration material for cyclone dust removal purified gas
Granule dust filtering and tar catalytic reforming obtain cleaning oil gas；Catalyst used in tar catalytic reforming includes metal catalytic
Agent and co-catalyst.
9. a kind of dust removal method of dust-laden oil gas according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include step 3；
Dust-extraction unit used further includes in-situ regeneration blowback system；
Step 3, when filtering material resistance damage was more than filtration resistance damage index in filtering type catalytic separation system, pass through catalyst original position
It regenerates blowback system and is passed through the pulse backblowing gas comprising critical reductant-oxidant to the gas outlet (7) of filtering type catalytic separation system
It is self-cleaning to carry out blowback.
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