CN109802235A - A kind of surface wave excitation device - Google Patents
A kind of surface wave excitation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109802235A CN109802235A CN201711141176.9A CN201711141176A CN109802235A CN 109802235 A CN109802235 A CN 109802235A CN 201711141176 A CN201711141176 A CN 201711141176A CN 109802235 A CN109802235 A CN 109802235A
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- transmission line
- metal
- surface wave
- metal waveguide
- current feed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
- H01P3/06—Coaxial lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of surface wave excitation device.Surface wave excitation device in the embodiment of the present application includes: metal waveguide, coupling part, current feed department and transmission line, the metal waveguide is placed on outside transmission line, the coupling part is placed in the metal waveguide, and the metal waveguide and the transmission line are coaxial configuration；The current feed department is connect with the coupling part, and the coupling part is arranged in parallel with the transmission line, has gap between the coupling part and the conductor of the transmission line；So that electromagnetic wave travels to the coupling part by the current feed department, the surface of the transmission line is coupled to transfer surface wave by the coupling part.Surface wave excitation device in the embodiment of the present application is for reducing surface wave loss.
Description
Technical field
This application involves the communications field more particularly to a kind of surface wave excitation devices.
Background technique
With the development of wireless communication field, the long distance transmission of radio frequency electromagnetic energy can be carried out using antenna, for example, letter
Transmission number from transmitter to transmitting antenna or from receiving antenna to receiver is completed by transmission line, transmission line packet
Include waveguide and biaxial etc., wherein it is transmitted using waveguide or coaxial line, it is very heavy and expensive, and utilize surface wave in list
Transmission is carried out in conductor transmission line will overcome these disadvantages, and single conductor transmission line has structure simple, and low cost is light-weight
And decay the advantages that small.
Currently, it is led as the critical component in surface wave wireless communication system since surface wave excitation device performance is poor
Cause the performance of surface wave transmission line lower.For example, the exciting bank of one of traditional approach surface wave transmission line, please refers to figure
Exciting bank is shown shown in 1, in Fig. 1 and is made of by one the Coupling device 101 and transmission line 102 of waveguide effect, which sets
It is standby to be coupled in the side of transmission line, 101 embowment of Coupling device, and one end transmission line 102 of the Coupling device is mechanical
Property links together.Although the antenna structure is simple, at low cost, coupling efficiency is not but high, in the process of signal transmission
In have many radiation losses.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of surface wave excitation device, for reducing surface wave loss.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of surface wave excitation device, comprising: metal waveguide, coupling part, feedback
Electric portion and transmission line, metal waveguide are placed on outside transmission line, and coupling part is placed in metal waveguide, and metal waveguide is with transmission line
Coaxial configuration；Current feed department is connect with coupling part, and coupling part is arranged in parallel with transmission line, is had between coupling part and the conductor of transmission line
There is gap；So that electromagnetic wave travels to coupling part by current feed department, the surface of transmission line is coupled to transfer surface by coupling part
Wave；The structure of surface wave excitation device can make interference of the transmission line surface wave not by the signal of current feed department (such as electric current), and coupling
It closes the surface wave on the transmission line to propagate between the outer surface of transmission line and the inner surface of metal waveguide, surface wave damage
It consumes very small.
In one possible implementation, coupling part is long slot structure, and transmission line is embedded in long slot structure, the current feed department
It vertical with one end of the coupling part can connect, the current feed department and the long slot structure can form a L-type structure, the elongated slot knot
The length of structure is a quarter of operation wavelength, and the direction propagation of surface wave may be implemented, and does not need to increase other for table
The component of surface wave direction propagation, structure is simple, reduces production cost.
In one possible implementation, the quantity of coupling part is at least 2, and at least one is connected on each coupling part
A current feed department, the current feed department that quantity is at least 2 is with mutually feed；In the embodiment of the present application, the quantity of current feed department is increased, is led to
It crosses multiple same phase current feed departments to be motivated, changes the applicable frequency of transmission line, the quantity of current feed department is more, which is applicable in
Working frequency it is more.
In one possible implementation, the quantity at least two of current feed department；Coupling part is cirque structure, annulus
Shape structure is nested with outside transmission line；The current feed department of quantity at least two is with mutually feed；In the embodiment of the present application, by extremely
Few two are motivated with phase current feed department, and the quantity of current feed department is more, and the applicable working frequency of the transmission line is more, increases
The use scope of the working frequency of transmission line.
In one possible implementation, the inner conductor of current feed department includes first end and second end, is led in current feed department
The second end of body is connected to the outer wall of cirque structure, and the first end diameter of the inner conductor of current feed department is less than second end diameter.It should
The structure of current feed department can be grading structure, the output impedance of current feed department and the impedance matching of transmission line, so that defeated from current feed department
High-frequency energy out is blazed abroad in the form of surface wave from the surface of transmission line.
In one possible implementation, surface wave excitation device further includes dielectric support structure, dielectric support structure
For the position of fixed transmission lines, dielectric support structure is placed in inside metal waveguide, and the inner sidewall of dielectric support structure is connected to
The lateral wall of the outside of transmission line, dielectric support structure is connected to the inner wall of metal waveguide, is fixed by the dielectric support structure
Position of the transmission line in metal waveguide, the axle center of transmission line are overlapped with the axle center of metal waveguide, and transmission line and metal waveguide can
Think coaxial configuration.
In one possible implementation, coupling part is metal strip structure, the outer conductor and metal waveguide of current feed department
It connects, is provided with an aperture on metal waveguide, the position of opening and the position of current feed department are corresponding, and the inner conductor of current feed department is worn
It crosses aperture to connect with metal strip structure, the other end of metal strip structure and the inner wall of metal waveguide connect, the cricoid gold
Belong to strip structure and forms closed magnetic field to have motivated the magnetic field on transmission line, to form surface wave.
In one possible implementation, one end of metal waveguide is provided with circular ring metal short-circuit piece, endless metal
Short-circuit piece is vertical with metal waveguide to be connect；Transmission line pass through short circuit metal piece inner hole, the diameter of the inner hole of short circuit metal piece with
The diameter of transmission line is identical；In the embodiment of the present application, circular ring metal short circuit can be set in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation
Piece, it is short-circuit on surface wave transmission direction, so that inhibiting energy transmission in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation, and guarantee passing
Broadcast direction propagation surface wave on direction.
In one possible implementation, high impedance structures, metal waveguide are vertically connected in one end of metal waveguide
On be provided with N number of fluting, high impedance structures include N number of endless metal wall, and multiple endless metal walls are hollow structure, N number of ring
Shape metallic walls are all connected to the outer wall of metal waveguide and conducting corresponding with N number of fluting.It, can be in propagation side in the embodiment of the present application
To opposite direction on high impedance structures are set, open a way on surface wave transmission direction, so that the phase negative side in the direction of propagation
Inhibit energy transmission upwards, and guarantees direction propagation surface wave in the propagation direction.
In one possible implementation, the other end of metal waveguide is connected with wave radiation promotion structure, and wave radiation promotees
Include first end port and second end port into structure, wave radiation promote structure be from first end port to second end port gradually
It opens and section is round or polygon metalwork, wave radiation promotes the first end port of structure and the other end of metal waveguide
Connection.In the embodiment of the present application, which promotes structure to play the transverse electro-magnetic wave (transverse promoted in coaxial
Electromagnetic, abbreviation: TEM) wave is converted into the effect of surface wave, improve surface wave efficiency.
In one possible implementation, in order to inhibit higher mode, it is provided with higher mode in metal waveguide and inhibits structure,
Higher mode inhibits structure setting between current feed department and the other end of metal waveguide；It includes multiple sheet metals that higher mode, which inhibits structure,
One side of shape structure, each metallic sheet-like formation in multiple metallic sheet-like formations is connect with metal waveguide inner wall, and
Along the longitudinally disposed of metal waveguide, each metallic sheet-like formation is parallel with transmission line.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of exciting bank in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of one of the embodiment of the present application surface wave excitation device 200；
Fig. 3 is one of the embodiment of the present application 200 side structure schematic view of surface wave excitation device；
Fig. 4 is one of the embodiment of the present application 200 schematic view of the front view of surface wave excitation device；
Fig. 5 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of the metal waveguide and transmission line coaxial configuration in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 6 is another exemplary structural representation of the metal waveguide and transmission line coaxial configuration in the embodiment of the present application
Figure；
Fig. 7 is another exemplary structural representation of the metal waveguide and transmission line coaxial configuration in the embodiment of the present application
Figure；
Fig. 8 is an exemplary side structure schematic view of the long slot structure in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 9 is an exemplary side structure schematic view of the coupling part in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the endless metal short-circuit piece in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 11 is the schematic perspective view of the high impedance structures in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 12 is the side structure schematic view of the high impedance structures in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 13 is the schematic perspective view of the higher mode inhibition structure in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 14 is the schematic view of the front view of the higher mode inhibition structure in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 15 is the schematic view of the front view of the coupling part in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 16 is the simulating, verifying S11 curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 17 is the simulating, verifying S21 curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 18 is the schematic perspective view of the surface wave excitation device 1800 in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 19 is the side structure schematic view of the surface wave excitation device 1800 in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 20 is the schematic view of the front view of the coupling part in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 21 is the side structure schematic view of the high impedance structures in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 22 is the side structure schematic view of the higher mode inhibition structure in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 23 is the simulating, verifying S11 curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 24 is the simulating, verifying S21 curve synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 25 is the structural schematic diagram of one of the embodiment of the present application surface wave excitation device 2500；
Figure 26 is the side structure schematic view of the endless metal short-circuit piece in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 27 is the side structure schematic view of the high impedance structures in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 28 is the side structure schematic view of the wave radiation promotion structure in the embodiment of the present application；
Figure 29 is that the higher mode in the embodiment of the present application inhibits structure side structure schematic view.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of surface wave excitation device, for improving the propagation efficiency of surface wave.
The description and claims of this application and term " first ", " second ", " third " " in above-mentioned attached drawing
The (if present)s such as four " are to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should manage
The data that solution uses in this way are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments described herein can be in addition to illustrating herein
Or the sequence other than the content of description is implemented.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that
Cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing the process, method, system, product or equipment of a series of steps or units need not limit
In step or unit those of is clearly listed, but may include be not clearly listed or for these process, methods, produce
The other step or units of product or equipment inherently.
Shown in please see Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, Fig. 2 is a kind of knot of the surface wave excitation device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application
Structure schematic diagram.Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of 200 side view of surface wave excitation device.Fig. 4 is 200 main view knot of surface wave excitation device
Structure schematic diagram.The surface wave excitation device 200 includes: metal waveguide 201, coupling part 202, current feed department 203 and transmission line 204；
Transmission line 204 can be single conductor transmission line, and current feed department 203 is feed section or the feed area for connecting external feeder line
Domain, the metal waveguide 201 are placed on outside transmission line 204, which is placed in the metal waveguide 201.
The metal waveguide 201 and the transmission line 204 are coaxial configuration, realize the same of the metal waveguide 201 and transmission line 204
Axle construction can be there are many implementation.For example, in one possible implementation, incorporated by reference to shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the gold
Belong to an exemplary structural schematic diagram of waveguide 201 and 204 coaxial configuration of transmission line.Increase in the surface wave excitation device
Support construction 205, the support construction 205 are used to fix the position of the transmission line 204 in the outside of metal waveguide 201, for example, should
Support construction 205 may include two annular anchoring structures, and two annular anchoring structures are covered in the outside of the transmission line 204,
And two annular anchoring structures are respectively arranged at outside 201 both ends of metal waveguide, by the position in the axle center of the transmission line 204
It coincides with the position in the axle center of the metal waveguide 201, certainly, such structure is that one kind illustratively illustrates, is not made
The limited explanation of pairs of the application.In alternatively possible implementation, incorporated by reference to shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the metal waveguide
201 with another exemplary structural schematic diagram of 204 coaxial configuration of transmission line.The dielectric support structure 205 is somebody's turn to do for fixed
The position of transmission line 204, the dielectric support structure 205 are placed in inside the metal waveguide 201, which includes
At least two circular ring shape dielectric structures, at least two circular ring shapes dielectric structure are respectively placed in the interior of 201 both ends of metal waveguide
Portion；The inner sidewall of each circular ring shape dielectric structure in at least two circular ring shapes dielectric structure is connected to the transmission line 204
The lateral wall of outside, each circular ring shape dielectric structure circular ring shape dielectric structure is connected to the inner wall of the metal waveguide 201.Another
In a kind of possible implementation, Fig. 7 is another exemplary knot of the metal waveguide 201 and 204 coaxial configuration of transmission line
Structure schematic diagram.The dielectric support structure 205 is media filler structure.
The current feed department 203 is connect with the coupling part 202, which is long slot structure, and the transmission line 204 insertion should
In long slot structure.The coupling part 202 is arranged in parallel with the transmission line 204, the conductor of the coupling part 202 and the transmission line 204 it
Between have gap, so that electromagnetic wave be allow to travel to the coupling part 202 by the current feed department 203.The long slot structure can be by more
Kind of shape, the inner wall of the bathtub construction can be it is arc-shaped, the outer wall of the bathtub construction can be arc, or polygon
(such as rectangle), for example, Fig. 8 is an exemplary side structure schematic view of the long slot structure, figure incorporated by reference to shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9
9 be an exemplary side structure schematic view of coupling part 202.It should be noted that shape the present embodiment of the long slot structure
In be merely illustrative, do not cause the limited explanation to the application, in addition the application to the thickness of coupling part with no restrictions.
It in the embodiment of the present application, is connect from the current feed department 203 with the coupling part 202, which can be coaxial feed
Then electricity, the current feed department 203 are coupled on Electromagnetic Wave Propagation to coupled structure in metal waveguide 201 by the coupling part 202
Transmission line 204 surface.In the embodiment of the present application, there are gaps between the coupling part 202 and transmission line 204, pass through the coupling
The signal that conjunction portion 202 can isolate the transmission of current feed department 203 e.g. can isolate electric current, but electromagnetic wave still may be coupled to this
The surface of transmission line 204, compared with the existing technology in the side that is mechanically connected of the direct transmission line 204 of (as shown in Figure 1) Coupling device
Formula is compared, and the structure of the surface wave excitation device in the embodiment of the present application can make 204 surface wave of transmission line not by current feed department 203
Signal (such as electric current) interference, and outer surface and metal wave of the surface wave being coupled on the transmission line 204 in transmission line 204
It leads and is propagated between 201 inner surface, surface wave loss is very small.
Optionally, which vertical with one end of the coupling part 202 can connect, the current feed department 203 and the elongated slot
Structure can form a L-type structure, and the length of the long slot structure is a quarter of operation wavelength, so that surface wave orients
It propagates, the coupling part 202 in the present embodiment can be understood as a directional coupler, for example, the current feed department 203 and the elongated slot knot
One end (end A) of structure connects, then the surface wave direction other end (end B) is propagated, if the current feed department 203 and the long slot structure to another
(end B) connection is held, then the surface wave direction one end (end A) is propagated.It is operation wavelength by the length of the long slot structure in this example
A quarter, so that it may the direction propagation for realizing surface wave does not need to increase other components for being used for surface wave direction propagation,
Structure is simple, reduces production cost.
Optionally, in order to guarantee the directionality of surface wave propagation, can in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation short circuit or
Open circuit so that inhibiting energy transmission in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation, and guarantees direction propagation surface in the propagation direction
Wave.
In one possible implementation, short circuit manner: understanding incorporated by reference to Figure 10, and Figure 10 is endless metal short-circuit piece
207 structural schematic diagram is provided with circular ring metal short-circuit piece 207 in one end of metal waveguide 201, the endless metal short-circuit piece
207 metal waveguide 201 is vertical connect with this；The transmission line 204 passes through the inner hole of the short circuit metal piece 207, the short circuit metal piece
The diameter of 207 inner hole is identical as the diameter of the transmission line 204.
In alternatively possible implementation, open loop manner: being understood incorporated by reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12, and Figure 11 is the height
The stereoscopic schematic diagram of impedance structure 208, Figure 12 are the side structure schematic view of the high impedance structures 208.In the metal waveguide 201
One end be vertically connected with high impedance structures 208, which includes multiple endless metal walls, on the metal waveguide
It is provided with N number of fluting, which includes N number of endless metal wall, and multiple endless metal wall is hollow structure, the N
A endless metal wall is all connected to the outer wall of the metal waveguide and conducting corresponding with the N number of fluting.N can be greater than or
Positive integer equal to 1, the diameter of the endless metal wall are greater than the diameter of the metal waveguide, specifically, each endless metal wall
The size of diameter does not limit, and the thickness of each endless metal wall does not also limit, can be by diameter in multiple endless metal wall
Sequence arrangement from small to large.Multiple endless metal wall can be an integral structure with the metal waveguide 201.
Optionally, in order to improve efficiency of transmission, wave radiation can be connected in the other end of metal waveguide 201 and promote structure
206, it is metal structure which, which promotes structure 206, and it includes first end port 2061 and second which, which promotes structure 206,
Hold port 2062, the wave radiation promote structure 206 be gradually opened from the first end port 2061 to second end port 2062 and
Section is round or polygon metalwork, which promotes first end port 2061 and metal waveguide 201 of structure 206
The other end connection.It is understood that it is flared structure that the wave radiation, which promotes structure 206, which is
Horn mouth is the direction of propagation of surface wave from first end port 2061 to the direction of second end port 2062.It should be noted that
The shape of the loudspeaker does not limit specifically, for example, the loudspeaker can be round speaker, square horn, rectangular horn etc., sheet
Apply in embodiment, which can be illustrated by taking round speaker as an example.It is coaxial that the wave radiation promotes structure 206 to play promotion
Interior transverse electro-magnetic wave wave is converted into the effect of surface wave, improves surface wave efficiency.
Optionally, in order to improve propagation efficiency, inhibit higher mode, higher mode can be set in the surface wave excitation device
Inhibit structure 209.Have and understood incorporated by reference to Figure 13 and Figure 14, Figure 13 is the stereochemical structure signal that higher mode inhibits structure 209
Figure, Figure 14 are the schematic view of the front view that higher mode inhibits structure 209.
The higher mode inhibits structure 209 to can be set between the current feed department 203 and the other end of the metal waveguide 201；
Alternatively, the higher mode, which inhibits structure 209 also to can be set, promotes the first end port 2061 and second of structure 206 in the wave radiation
It holds between port 2062, it includes multiple metallic sheet-like formations which, which inhibits structure 209, in multiple metallic sheet-like formation
One side of each metallic sheet-like formation is connect with 201 inner wall of metal waveguide, and along the longitudinal direction of the metal waveguide 201
Setting, each metallic sheet-like formation are parallel with the transmission line 204.The higher mode inhibits structure 209 for inhibiting transmission line 204
On transverse current, that is, inhibit the generation of higher mode in the exciting bank, shape, thickness, the size of the inhibition structure all can roots
It is changed according to actual demand, is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
It should be noted that the thickness of each metallic sheet-like formation can be the same or different, two adjacent gold
The spacing belonged between laminated structure can be the same or different, and not limit in this application.
Optionally, the quantity at least two of the coupling part 202, the quantity of coupling part 203 is for 3 in this example, and 3
Central angle corresponding to a arc-shaped coupling part may be the same or different, and not limit in this specific example.It please tie
It closes Figure 15 to be understood, which is the schematic view of the front view of coupling part 202, and coupling part is merely illustrative in figure, the application couple
The thickness of coupling part is with no restrictions.In this example, the quantity of the current feed department 203 is illustrated for 3, on coupling part 202
It is connected at least one current feed department 203, in this example, is connected on coupling part 202 for a current feed department 203, this 3 feedbacks
Electric portion 203 is with mutually feed.In the embodiment of the present application, the quantity of current feed department 203 is increased, passes through multiple same phase current feed departments 203
It is motivated, changes the applicable frequency of transmission line 204, the quantity of current feed department 203 is more, the applicable work of the transmission line 204
Frequency is more.
Figure 16 and Figure 17 are please referred to, is the simulating, verifying carried out to the surface wave excitation device in the present embodiment, with two ends
For mouth network, such as single conductor transmission line 204, S parameter includes for S11 and S21.S11 indicates input reflection coefficient, that is, defeated
Enter return loss, it is to be understood that indicate that how many energy is reflected, this value is the smaller the better, under normal circumstances, S11 <-
20db；S21 is positive transmission coefficient, that is, gain, how many energy are transferred to destination, this value is the bigger the better, reason
The case where thinking is 0db, it is generally the case that S21 > -3db, Figure 16 and Figure 17, which give, to be worked as with two surface wave excitation devices same
When (the long about 250mm of transmission line 204) is worked on a piece transmission line, S11 curve synoptic diagram and S21 curve synoptic diagram, from
In Figure 17 as can be seen that antenna impedance bandwidth (| Γ | < -10dB, scalar reflection parameters be less than -10dB) be 2.17-6.5GHz,
Relative impedances bandwidth is 99.9%, covers 2.4-5.8GHz.As can be seen from Figure 18, S21 in 2.4-5.8GHz probably-
3 to -6dB or so, shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18, the efficiency of transmission of the surface wave active antenna is higher.
Another embodiment of surface a kind of in the application wave excitation device is described below, incorporated by reference to Figure 18 and figure
19 are understood, Figure 18 is the schematic perspective view of surface wave excitation device 1800, and Figure 19 is surface wave excitation device 1800
Side structure schematic view.Surface wave excitation device 1800 includes: metal waveguide 201, coupling part 202, current feed department 203 and transmission
Line 204, the metal waveguide 201 are placed on outside transmission line 204, which is placed in the metal waveguide 201, the metal
Waveguide 201 and the transmission line 204 are coaxial configuration；The current feed department 203 is connect with the coupling part 202, the coupling part 202 and the biography
Defeated line 204 is arranged in parallel, and has gap between the coupling part 202 and the conductor of the transmission line 204；So that electromagnetic wave is by the feed
Portion 203 travels to the coupling part 202, is coupled to the surface of the transmission line 204 by the coupling part 202 with transfer surface wave.
The quantity at least two of the current feed department 203, in this example, the quantity of the current feed department 203 is illustrated with 2,
In one possible implementation, which is cirque structure, which covers in the transmission line 204
It is external；2 current feed departments 203 are connect with the cirque structure.In alternatively possible implementation, the coupling part 202
Quantity is at least 2, and in practical applications, the quantity of the coupling part can be 3 or 4, can connect on each coupling part
It is connected to a current feed department.In this example, which is illustrated for 2, and each coupling part 202 is semicircular arc
Structure is understood that Figure 20 is the schematic view of the front view of coupling part 202, and coupling part is merely illustrative in figure incorporated by reference to Figure 20, this
Apply to the thickness of coupling part with no restrictions.2 current feed departments 203 are with mutually feed in the embodiment of the present application.Each coupling part
The current feed department 203 is connected on 202.In the embodiment of the present application, motivated by least two with phase current feed department 203,
The quantity of current feed department 203 is more, and the applicable working frequency of the transmission line 204 is more, increases the working frequency of transmission line 204
Use scope.
The current feed department 203 can be coaxial feed, which includes inner conductor and outer conductor, in the inner conductor and
Dielectric support structure 205 is provided between outer conductor, the dielectric support structure 205 is for fixing the inner conductor relative to outer conductor
Position, the axle center of inner conductor is overlapped with the axle center of outer conductor, and the inner conductor 2031 of the current feed department 203 includes first end 20311
With second end 20322, the second end 20322 of the inner conductor of the current feed department 203 be connected to the cirque structure outer wall this first
The diameter at end is less than between the second end, for example, the diameter of the inner conductor of the current feed department 203 is from the first end 20311 to this
Second end 20322 is gradually increased, and can also first be increased and be reduced again, for example, the inner conductor can be pyramidal structure or truncated cone-shaped
Structure；Alternatively, the diameter of the inner conductor of the current feed department 203 is segmented increase, example from the first end 20311 to the second end 20322
Such as, which can be divided into three sections, and it may include first segment from first end to second end that every section, which is cylindrical structure, the
Two sections and third section, the diameter of first segment are less than second segment, and the diameter of second segment is less than third section, alternatively, the first segment is straight
Diameter is less than the diameter of second segment, and the diameter of the second segment is greater than the diameter of third section, and the diameter of third section is greater than first segment
Diameter.The structure of the current feed department 203 is grading structure, the output impedance of current feed department 203 and the impedance matching of transmission line 204, is made
It obtains and is blazed abroad in the form of surface wave from the surface of transmission line 204 from the high-frequency energy that current feed department 203 exports.
The metal waveguide 201 and the transmission line 204 are coaxial configuration, realize the same of the metal waveguide 201 and transmission line 204
Axle construction can be there are many implementation, and concrete mode unify figure 5 above to mode shown in Fig. 7 and associated description, herein no longer
It repeats.
Optionally, in order to guarantee the directionality of surface wave, can in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation short circuit or open circuit,
So that inhibiting energy transmission in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation, and guarantee direction propagation surface wave in the propagation direction.
In one possible implementation, short circuit manner: being understood incorporated by reference to Figure 18, the one of metal waveguide 201
End is provided with circular ring metal short-circuit piece 207, and metal waveguide 201 is vertical connect with this for the endless metal short-circuit piece 207；The transmission
Line 204 passes through the inner hole of the short circuit metal piece 207, the diameter of the diameter of the inner hole of the short circuit metal piece 207 and the transmission line 204
It is identical.
In alternatively possible implementation, open loop manner: being understood incorporated by reference to Figure 11 and Figure 21, and Figure 11 is the height
The stereoscopic schematic diagram of impedance structure 208, Figure 21 are the side structure schematic view of the high impedance structures 208.In the metal waveguide 201
One end be vertically connected with high impedance structures 208, the high impedance structures 208 include multiple endless metal walls, the metal waveguide
On be provided with N number of fluting, the high impedance structures include N number of endless metal wall, and the multiple endless metal wall is hollow knot
Structure, N number of endless metal wall are all connected to the outer wall of the metal waveguide and conducting corresponding with the N number of fluting.It is multiple
Endless metal wall can be structure as a whole with the metal waveguide 201, in this implementation, the mode of open circuit be used to realize table for example
Surface wave direction propagation.
Optionally, in order to improve efficiency of transmission, wave radiation can be connected in the other end of metal waveguide 201 and promote structure
206, it is metal structure which, which promotes structure 206, and it includes first end port 2061 and second which, which promotes structure 206,
Hold port 2062, the wave radiation promote structure 206 be gradually opened from the first end port 2061 to second end port 2062 and
Section is round or polygon metalwork, which promotes first end port 2061 and metal waveguide 201 of structure 206
The other end connection.It is understood that it is flared structure that the wave radiation, which promotes structure 206, which is
Horn mouth is the direction of propagation of surface wave from first end port 2061 to the direction of second end port 2062.It should be noted that
The shape of the loudspeaker does not limit specifically, for example, the loudspeaker can be round speaker, square horn, rectangular horn etc., sheet
Apply in embodiment, which can be illustrated by taking round speaker as an example.It is coaxial that the wave radiation promotes structure 206 to play promotion
Interior transverse electro-magnetic wave is converted into the effect of surface wave, improves surface wave efficiency.
Optionally, in order to improve propagation efficiency, inhibit higher mode, higher mode can be set in the surface wave excitation device
Inhibit structure 209.Have and understood incorporated by reference to Figure 13 and Figure 22, Figure 13 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram that higher mode inhibits structure 209, figure
22 inhibit the side structure schematic view of structure 209 for higher mode.
The higher mode inhibits structure 209 to can be set between the current feed department 203 and the other end of the metal waveguide 201；
Alternatively, the higher mode, which inhibits structure 209 also to can be set, promotes the first end port 2061 and second of structure 206 in the wave radiation
It holds between port 2062, it includes multiple metallic sheet-like formations which, which inhibits structure 209, in multiple metallic sheet-like formation
One side of each metallic sheet-like formation is connect with 201 inner wall of metal waveguide, and along the longitudinal direction of the metal waveguide 201
Setting, each metallic sheet-like formation are parallel with the transmission line 204.The higher mode inhibits structure 209 for inhibiting transmission line 204
On transverse current, that is, inhibit the generation of higher mode in the exciting bank, shape, thickness, the size of the inhibition structure all can roots
It is changed according to actual demand, is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
It should be noted that the thickness of each metallic sheet-like formation can be the same or different, two adjacent metals
Spacing between laminated structure can be the same or different, and not limit in this application.
Figure 23 and Figure 24 are please referred to, is the simulating, verifying carried out to the surface wave excitation device in the present embodiment, with two ends
For mouth network, such as single conductor transmission line 204, S parameter includes for S11 and S21.S11 indicates input reflection coefficient, that is, defeated
Entering return loss, that is, how many energy is reflected, this value is the smaller the better, under normal circumstances, S11 < -20db；S21 is
Positive transmission coefficient, that is, gain, how many energy are transferred to destination, this value is the bigger the better, it is also desirable to
0db, it is generally the case that S21 > -3db, Figure 23 are the S11 curve synoptic diagram of surface wave excitation device simulating, verifying, and Figure 22 is table
The S21 curve synoptic diagram of surface wave exciting bank simulating, verifying.As can be seen from Figure 23, antenna impedance bandwidth (| Γ | <-
10dB, scalar reflection parameters are less than -10dB) it is 1.67-6.43GHz, relative impedances bandwidth is 117.5%, covers 2.4-
5.8GHz.As can be seen from Figure 22, by surface-wave antenna plus transmitting after power splitter, S21 is in 2.4- as we know from the figure
Probably -2 to -5dB or so in 5.8GHz.Shown in Figure 23 and Figure 24, the efficiency of transmission of the surface wave active antenna is higher.
It please refers to shown in Figure 25, Figure 25 is a kind of structure of the surface wave excitation device 2500 provided in the embodiment of the present application
Schematic diagram.The surface wave excitation device includes: metal waveguide 201, coupling part 202, current feed department 203 and transmission line 204；The transmission
Line 204 can be single conductor transmission line 204, which is feed section or the feed area for connecting external feeder line
Domain, the metal waveguide 201 are placed on outside transmission line 204, which is placed in the metal waveguide 201.
The coupling part 202 is metal strip structure, and the outer conductor of the current feed department 203 is connect with the metal waveguide 201, the gold
Belong to and be provided with an aperture 2011 in waveguide 201, the position of the opening is corresponding with the position of the current feed department 203, the current feed department
203 inner conductor 2031 pass through the aperture 2011 connect with the metal strip structure, the other end of the metal strip structure and this
The inner wall of metal waveguide 201 connects.It is understood that the outer conductor 2032 and metal waveguide 201 of current feed department 203 connect, feedback
The inner conductor in electric portion 203 extends out from the aperture 2011 and is coiled into a closed circuit, is connected on metal waveguide 201 and is formed
Short circuit.The cricoid metal strip structure forms closed magnetic field to have motivated the magnetic field on transmission line 204, to form surface
Wave, wherein metal strip planform can carry out bending according to actual needs, for example, the metal strip structure is in metal waveguide
Can be arched with bending in 201, the total length of the metal strip structure is about the odd-multiple of a quarter of operation wavelength.This reality
It applies in example, the surface wave excitation device structure is simple, and manufacturing cost is low, suitable for mass production.
Optionally, in order to guarantee the directionality of surface wave, can in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation short circuit or open circuit,
So that inhibiting energy transmission in the opposite direction of the direction of propagation, and guarantee direction propagation surface wave in the propagation direction.
In one possible implementation, short circuit manner: understanding incorporated by reference to Figure 26, and Figure 26 is endless metal short-circuit piece
207 side structure schematic view is provided with circular ring metal short-circuit piece 207 in one end of metal waveguide 201, and the endless metal is short
Metal waveguide 201 is vertical connect with this for road piece 207；The transmission line 204 passes through the inner hole of the short circuit metal piece 207, and the metal is short
The diameter of the inner hole of road piece 207 is identical as the diameter of the transmission line 204.
In alternatively possible implementation, open loop manner: being understood incorporated by reference to Figure 27, and Figure 27 is the high resistant resistive connection
The side structure schematic view of structure 208.High impedance structures 208 are vertically connected in one end of the metal waveguide 201, the high resistant resistive connection
Structure 208 includes multiple endless metal walls, is provided with N number of fluting on the metal waveguide, the high impedance structures include N number of annular
Metallic walls, the multiple endless metal wall is hollow structure, and N number of endless metal wall is all connected to the metal waveguide
Outer wall and conducting corresponding with the N number of fluting.Multiple endless metal wall can be structure as a whole with the metal waveguide 201.
Optionally, understood incorporated by reference to Figure 28, Figure 28 wave radiation promotes the side structure schematic view of structure, in order to improve
Efficiency of transmission can be connected with wave radiation in the other end of metal waveguide 201 and promote structure 206, which promotes structure 206
For metal structure, it includes first end port 2061 and second end port 2062 which, which promotes structure 206, which promotes
Structure 206 is gradually to open from the first end port 2061 to second end port 2062 and section is round or the metal of polygon
Part, the wave radiation promote the first end port 2061 of structure 206 to connect with the other end of the metal waveguide 201.It is understood that
It is that it is flared structure that the wave radiation, which promotes structure 206, which is horn mouth, from first end port 2061
Direction to second end port 2062 is the direction of propagation of surface wave.It should be noted that the shape of the loudspeaker is specifically not
It limits, for example, the loudspeaker can be round speaker, square horn, rectangular horn etc., in the embodiment of the present application, which can
To be illustrated by taking round speaker as an example.The transverse electro-magnetic wave that the wave radiation promotes structure 206 to play in promotion coaxially is converted into table
The effect of surface wave improves surface wave efficiency.
Optionally, in order to improve propagation efficiency, inhibit higher mode, higher mode can be set in the surface wave excitation device
Inhibit structure 209.Have and understood incorporated by reference to Figure 29, Figure 29 is the side structure schematic view that higher mode inhibits structure 209.
The higher mode inhibits structure 209 to can be set between the current feed department 203 and the other end of the metal waveguide 201；
Alternatively, the higher mode, which inhibits structure 209 also to can be set, promotes the first end port 2061 and second of structure 206 in the wave radiation
It holds between port 2062, it includes multiple metallic sheet-like formations which, which inhibits structure 209, in multiple metallic sheet-like formation
One side of each metallic sheet-like formation is connect with 201 inner wall of metal waveguide, and along the longitudinal direction of the metal waveguide 201
Setting, each metallic sheet-like formation are parallel with the transmission line 204.The higher mode inhibits structure 209 for inhibiting transmission line 204
On transverse current, that is, inhibit the generation of higher mode in the exciting bank, shape, thickness, the size of the inhibition structure all can roots
It is changed according to actual demand, is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
It should be noted that the specific size of each structure included in the active antenna can be according in practical application
Demand is set.Therefore, the specific implementation of parameter involved in the embodiment of the present application the application solely for the purpose of illustration
Scheme, can not the active antenna to this any restriction is constituted in structure.
Above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical solution of the application, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The application is described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical solution of the application that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of surface wave excitation device characterized by comprising metal waveguide, coupling part, current feed department and transmission line, it is described
Metal waveguide is placed on outside transmission line, and the coupling part is placed in the metal waveguide, the metal waveguide and the transmission
Line is coaxial configuration；
The current feed department is connect with the coupling part, and the coupling part is arranged in parallel with the transmission line, the coupling part and institute
Stating between the conductor of transmission line, there is gap to pass through the coupling so that electromagnetic wave travels to the coupling part by the current feed department
It is coupled to the surface of the transmission line with transfer surface wave in conjunction portion.
2. surface wave excitation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coupling part is long slot structure, described
Transmission line is embedded in the long slot structure.
3. surface wave excitation device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the quantity of the coupling part is at least 2,
At least one described current feed department is connected on each coupling part, the current feed department that the quantity is at least 2 is with mutually feed.
4. surface wave excitation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantity of the current feed department is at least two
It is a；The coupling part is cirque structure, and the cirque structure is nested with outside the transmission line；The quantity is at least two
A current feed department is with mutually feed.
5. surface wave excitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that led in the current feed department
Body includes first end and second end, and the second end of the inner conductor of the current feed department is connected to the outer wall of the cirque structure, institute
The first end diameter for stating the inner conductor of current feed department is less than the second end diameter.
6. surface wave excitation device according to any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that further include dielectric support
Structure, the dielectric support structure are used to fix the position of the transmission line, and the dielectric support structure is placed in the metal wave
Inside is led, the inner sidewall of dielectric support structure described in the dielectric support structure is connected to the outside of the transmission line, is given an account of
The lateral wall of matter support construction is connected to the inner wall of the metal waveguide.
7. surface wave excitation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coupling part is metal strip structure,
The outer conductor of the current feed department is connect with the metal waveguide, and an aperture is provided on the metal waveguide, the opening
Position is corresponding with the position of the current feed department, and the inner conductor of the current feed department passes through the aperture and the metal strip structure
Connection, the other end of the metal strip structure are connect with the inner wall of the metal waveguide.
8. surface wave excitation device according to any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the metal waveguide
One end is provided with circular ring metal short-circuit piece, and the endless metal short-circuit piece is vertical with the metal waveguide to be connect；The transmission
Line passes through the inner hole of the short circuit metal piece, and the diameter of the inner hole of the short circuit metal piece is identical as the diameter of the transmission line.
9. surface wave excitation device according to any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that in the metal waveguide
One end be vertically connected with high impedance structures, N number of fluting is provided on the metal waveguide, the high impedance structures include N number of
Endless metal wall, the multiple endless metal wall is hollow structure, and N number of endless metal wall is all connected to the metal wave
The outer wall led and conducting corresponding with the N number of fluting.
10. surface wave excitation device according to any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the metal waveguide
The other end is connected with wave radiation and promotes structure, and it includes first end port and second end port that the wave radiation, which promotes structure, described
Wave radiation promote structure be gradually opened from the first end port to second end port and section be circle or polygon gold
Belong to part, the wave radiation promotes the first end port of structure to connect with the other end of the metal waveguide.
11. surface wave excitation device according to any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that in the metal waveguide
It is provided with higher mode and inhibits structure, the higher mode inhibits structure setting in the other end of the current feed department and the metal waveguide
Between；
It includes multiple metallic sheet-like formations that the higher mode, which inhibits structure, each sheet metal in the multiple metallic sheet-like formation
One side of shape structure is connect with the metal waveguide inner wall, and along the longitudinally disposed of the metal waveguide, described every
A metallic sheet-like formation is parallel with the transmission line.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711141176.9A CN109802235B (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Surface wave excitation device |
| PCT/CN2018/111250 WO2019095934A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2018-10-22 | Surface wave excitation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711141176.9A CN109802235B (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2017-11-16 | Surface wave excitation device |
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| CN109802235B CN109802235B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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| WO (1) | WO2019095934A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113097675A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-09 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Surface wave transmission device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114094297B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-05-16 | 广州程星通信科技有限公司 | Double-ridge waveguide coaxial converter |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109802235B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
| WO2019095934A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
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