CN109799179A - A kind of riverbed infiltration test device and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of riverbed infiltration test device and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109799179A CN109799179A CN201910191560.2A CN201910191560A CN109799179A CN 109799179 A CN109799179 A CN 109799179A CN 201910191560 A CN201910191560 A CN 201910191560A CN 109799179 A CN109799179 A CN 109799179A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to measure hydrogeological method and technology field, in particular to a kind of riverbed infiltration test device and its application method.The riverbed infiltration test device includes water supply device, leak device, determines water head equipment, overflow device and five part of power supply unit composition.The application method of the device includes that leakage bucket is placed, overflow device places hole, five steps of component assembling plus water and record.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a kind of riverbed infiltration test device of the present invention, according to monocycle infiltration test principle, in conjunction with alluvial-proluvial fan feature on the spot, practical hydrogeologic condition is preferably simulated, surveyed riverbed water percolating capacity data are accurate, reliably, and overall structure is simple, cheap, the application method operating process of the device is simple, it is practical, it is easy to spread, it is suitble to the research of big horseshoe bend infiltration test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring hydrogeological method and technology field, in particular to a kind of riverbed infiltration test device and its make
Use method.
Background technique
Infiltration test (infiltration test) is a kind of easy hydrology for measuring rock or soil permeability coefficient
Geological method.Its advantage is that can keep completely rock, soil natural structure, holding have an impact its water penetration the characteristics of, monocycle
Infiltration test equipment is simple, and testing expenses are cheap, and effect is good, is used for many years by vast hydrogeological journey geologist.
Infiltration test is generally the simple and easy method of field measuring aeration zone unconsolidated formation and rock stratum infiltration coefficient using infiltration test of testing pits.
Test pits infiltration test frequently be the method for testing pits, monocycle method and bicyclic method.
Monocycle method is 20 centimetres one high, the iron hoop that 35.75 centimetres of diameter of bottom insertion of testing pits, and the area of iron hoop delineation is
1000 square centimeters.Iron hoop indentation hole 10 centimetres of bottom depth, ring wall will be in close contact with soil layer, the anti-filter of 2 ~ 3 centimetres of paving in ring
Coarse sand.In on-test, with water column in Ma Liaote bottles of control rings, it is maintained on 10 cm heights.Test is performed until
Until infiltration water Q immobilizes, so that it may seepage velocity be calculated as follows: v=Q/F, resulting seepage velocity are that this is loose
Layer, rock stratum permeability coefficient.
But existing small-sized monocycle infiltration test device, due to device simple, test operation is coarse, and then causes to measure
As a result inaccurate, this especially abstains from that inaccurate hydrographic data will be to the later period in the measuring method of hydrogeology
Hydrologic research causes serious problem, and small-sized monocycle infiltration test device has one to the research of big horseshoe bend infiltration test
Fixed limitation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of riverbed infiltration test device and its application methods, to solve above-mentioned background skill
The problem of hydrographic data measurement proposed in art is inaccurate, and later period hydrologic research is caused to cause serious error.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of riverbed infiltration test device, including water supply fill
It sets 1, leak device 2, determine water head equipment 3, overflow device 4 and power supply unit 5, wherein
The water supply device 1 for bucket 11, self priming pump 12 and immersible pump 13 by forming, which is that test stratum is supplied water, record
Inflow；
The leak device 2 is made of leakage bucket 21 and head pipe 22, is leaked and is offered head interface tube, head pipe at the top of bucket 21
22 are connect by head interface tube with leakage bucket 21；Bucket 21 is leaked by mobilizable water inlet pipe 23 and for the self-priming in bucket 11
12 connection of pump；The device calculates infiltration capacity to guarantee that water vertically infiltrates downwards；
It is described to determine water head equipment 3 and be made of overflow ladle 31 and branch ladder 32, overflow plate 33 is equipped among overflow ladle 31, by overflow ladle
31 are divided into chamber 1 and chamber 2 35, and the hose 1 welded by bottom and leakage 21 barrels of walls of bucket of chamber 1 open up
Effluent pipe mouth connection, hose 1 is movably fixed on branch ladder 32 with clamp；The device determines head to guarantee；
The overflow device 4 is connect by the hose 2 37 that 2 35 bottom of chamber is welded with chamber 2 35, and the device is to measure
Spilling water in certain time calculates infiltration capacity in conjunction with inflow.
Further, the immersible pump 13 is placed in from water supply device 1, in the water source at 5 ~ 10m.
Further, the leakage bucket 21 is by floor space 2m2, high 1.5m, thickness 3mm steel plate roll made of inverted funnel
4 handles are welded in bucket, leakage 21 bottom of bucket；Exhaust port is also provided at the top of the leakage bucket 21, exhaust port connects
Run in tracheae 24, for internal gas to be discharged.
Further, as test head > 0.5m, head interface tube adapter tube diameter 110mm, the length 1m, and belt lacing
Four section PVC short tubes constitute head pipe 22, head pipe 22 while with while connect, water inlet pipe 23 enters from head pipe 22, You Dingshui
Head device 3 controls water level.
Further, as test head≤0.5m, the water inlet tube interface on leakage 21 side wall of bucket passes through water inlet pipe
23 connect with for the self priming pump 12 in bucket 11, control water level by determining water head equipment 3.
Further, diameter D=50mm of the water inlet pipe 23, and it is being equipped with valve 1 close to one end of leakage bucket 21,
Flowmeter 27 is connected in the water inlet pipe 23 close to 12 one end of self priming pump.
Further, a height of 0.3m of the overflow ladle 31, the overflow plate 33 is 0.2m high, 32 total height of branch ladder
4m, every high 0.5m of rank, to adjust the height of overflow ladle 31.
Further, the hose 1 and hose 2 37 are steel wire plastic flexible pipe, and diameter is D=50mm, and soft
One end of leakage bucket 21 is being provided with valve 2 26 on pipe 1.
Further, the overflow device 4 is made of 1 basal diameter D=0.5m, high 1m plastic barrel, need to be glued on the outside of bucket
The transparent glass tube of adhesive tape scale is used to read water level；The power supply unit 5 includes generator, cable, insert row, is whole device
Operating provide electric power.
Further, the fixation handle of leakage 21 bottom of bucket welding is angle iron or reinforcing rod.
A kind of application method of riverbed infiltration test device, includes the following steps:
S01 leaks bucket and places: dig pit 1.5m in riverbed area, retains intermediate stratum, and need to be less than 2m by placing area on intermediate stratum2
Iron stand or iron sheet plate as buffer board, iron sheet board bottom portion disposes foot or places brick or stone, and prevention and treatment destroys primitively
Layer；The high 1.5m that will be got ready, floor space 2m2Leakage bucket 21 along intermediate stratum back-off go down, wherein 0.5m height ground with
On, 1m is embedded in underground, and 1m following casting concrete in ground is reinforced, and 0.3 ~ 0.4m of thickness leaks 21 bottom edge cement stabilization of bucket
0.1m or so height, until solidification；
S02 overflow device places hole: at distance leakage 21 outer diameter 4.2m of bucket, the overflow device 4 for digging a depth 1.5m places hole,
The diameter for placing hole is D=1.2m；Or select size for the natural low-lying place that can place 2 overflow devices 4；
The assembling of S03 component: it according to experimental design and test head assembling parts, adjusts 31 height of overflow ladle and consolidates overflow ladle 31
Due on branch ladder 32, and the scale of branch ladder 32 is marked, has then adjusted 31 height of overflow ladle；Add inside water check device whether
There is leak, confirmation excludes the air in each connecting tube completely, while checking whether pulsating pump 12 and immersible pump 13 can reach requirement
Water；
S04 adds water: the topped up with water in for bucket 11, and the height of 0.5m on head pipe 22, note are then added water into leakage bucket 21
Record initial water level, wherein in leakage bucket 21 plus water flow should not stop too greatly, when overflow ladles 31 being waited to start spilling water plus water；
S05 record: starting timing when water in overflow ladle 31 is shortly past overflow plate 33, when starting to add water as 0 into leakage bucket 21
It carves, records the amount of water in initial time and certain time, fill in infiltration test water inlet scale, the same time reads overflow device
Reading in 4 fills in the spilling water amount part in infiltration test infiltration scale, at any time the inflow of unit of account time, spilling water amount
And water percolating capacity, until stopping test when water percolating capacity is relatively stable.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: a kind of riverbed infiltration test device of the present invention, according to monocycle
Infiltration test principle preferably simulates practical hydrogeologic condition, surveyed riverbed water percolating capacity in conjunction with alluvial-proluvial fan feature on the spot
Data are accurate, and reliably, and overall structure is simple, cheap, and the application method operating process of the device is simple, practical,
It is easy to spread, it is suitble to the research of big horseshoe bend infiltration test.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic view of the front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is infiltration test A point head height-water percolating capacity relation curve.
Fig. 3 is infiltration test B point head height-water percolating capacity relation curve.
Fig. 4 is infiltration test C point head height-water percolating capacity relation curve.
Fig. 5 is infiltration test D point head height-water percolating capacity relation curve.
Fig. 6 is infiltration test E point head height-water percolating capacity relation curve.
In figure: 1, water supply device；2, leak device；3, determine water head equipment；4, overflow device；5, power supply unit；11, it supplies water
Bucket；12, self priming pump；13, immersible pump；21, bucket is leaked；22, head pipe；23, water inlet pipe；24, exhaust pipe；25, valve one；26,
Valve two；27, flowmeter；31, overflow ladle；32, branch ladder；33, overflow plate；34, chamber one；35, chamber two；36, hose one；
37, hose two.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Attached drawing 1 is please referred to, the present invention provides a kind of riverbed infiltration test devices, including water supply device 1, leak device 2, Ding Shui
Head device 3, overflow device 4 and power supply unit 5, wherein water supply device 1 by being formed for bucket 11, self priming pump 12 and immersible pump 13,
The device is that test stratum is supplied water, and records inflow；Leak device 2 is made of leakage bucket 21 and head pipe 22, and leakage bucket 21 pushes up
Portion offers head interface tube, and head pipe 22 is connect by head interface tube with leakage bucket 21；Leakage bucket 21 passes through mobilizable
Water inlet pipe 23 is connect with for the self priming pump 12 in bucket 11；The device calculates infiltration capacity to guarantee that water vertically infiltrates downwards；
Determine water head equipment 3 to be made of overflow ladle 31 and branch ladder 32, overflow plate 33 is equipped among overflow ladle 31, overflow ladle 31 is divided into
Chamber 1 and chamber 2 35, the outlet pipe that the hose 1 welded by bottom and leakage 21 barrels of walls of bucket of chamber 1 open up
Mouth connection, hose 1 are movably fixed on branch ladder 32 with clamp；The device determines head to guarantee；Overflow device 4
It is connect by the hose 2 37 that 2 35 bottom of chamber is welded with chamber 2 35, the device is to measure the spilling water in certain time
Amount calculates infiltration capacity in conjunction with inflow.
Preferably, immersible pump 13 is placed in from water supply device 1, in the water source at 5 ~ 10m.
Preferably, leakage bucket 21 is by floor space 2m2, high 1.5m, thickness 3mm steel plate roll made of inverted funnel bucket, seep
Weld 4 handles in 21 bottom of leaky bucket；Exhaust port is also provided at the top of leakage bucket 21, exhaust port connects exhaust pipe 24,
For internal gas to be discharged.
Preferably, as test head > 0.5m, head interface tube adapter tube diameter 110mm, length 1m, and four sections of belt lacing
PVC short tube constitute head pipe 22, head pipe 22 while with while connect, water inlet pipe 23 enters from head pipe 22, by determining water head equipment 3
Control water level.
Preferably, as test head≤0.5m, the water inlet tube interface on 21 side wall of bucket is leaked by water inlet pipe 23 and is supplied
Self priming pump 12 in bucket 11 connects, and controls water level by determining water head equipment 3.
Preferably, diameter D=50mm of water inlet pipe 23, and it is being equipped with valve 1 close to one end of leakage bucket 21, close
The water inlet pipe 23 of 12 one end of self priming pump is connected with flowmeter 27.
Preferably, a height of 0.3m of overflow ladle 31, overflow plate 33 is 0.2m high, branch ladder 32 total height 4m, every high 0.5m of rank, uses
To adjust the height of overflow ladle 31.
Preferably, hose 1 and hose 2 37 are steel wire plastic flexible pipe, and diameter is D=50mm, and hose 1
On close to leakage bucket 21 one end be provided with valve 2 26.
Preferably, overflow device 4 is made of 1 basal diameter D=0.5m, high 1m plastic barrel, need to be carved adhesive band on the outside of bucket
The transparent glass tube of degree is used to read water level；Power supply unit 5 includes generator, cable, insert row, is provided for the operating of whole device
Electric power.
Preferably, the fixation handle of leakage 21 bottom of bucket welding is angle iron or reinforcing rod.
Embodiment 2
Using a kind of riverbed infiltration test device of the present invention, chooses four test sites finally to carry out riverbed infiltration test, try
Test location coordinates (see Table 1 for details):
1 test site coordinate of table
1, test prepares and tests process
S01 leaks bucket and places: dig pit 1.5m in riverbed area, retains intermediate stratum, and need to be less than 2m by placing area on intermediate stratum2
Iron stand or iron sheet plate as buffer board, iron sheet board bottom portion disposes foot or places brick or stone, and prevention and treatment destroys primitively
Layer；The high 1.5m that will be got ready, floor space 2m2Leakage bucket 21 along intermediate stratum back-off go down, wherein 0.5m height ground with
On, 1m is embedded in underground, and 1m following casting concrete in ground is reinforced, and 0.3 ~ 0.4m of thickness leaks 21 bottom edge cement stabilization of bucket
0.1m or so height, until solidification；
S02 overflow device places hole: at distance leakage 21 outer diameter 4.2m of bucket, the overflow device 4 for digging a depth 1.5m places hole,
The diameter for placing hole is D=1.2m；Or select size for the natural low-lying place that can place 2 overflow devices 4；
The assembling of S03 component: it according to experimental design and test head assembling parts, adjusts 31 height of overflow ladle and consolidates overflow ladle 31
Due on branch ladder 32, and the scale of branch ladder 32 is marked, has then adjusted 31 height of overflow ladle；Add inside water check device whether
There is leak, confirmation excludes the air in each connecting tube completely, while checking whether pulsating pump 12 and immersible pump 13 can reach requirement
Water；
S04 adds water: the topped up with water in for bucket 11, and the height of 0.5m on head pipe 22, note are then added water into leakage bucket 21
Record initial water level, wherein in leakage bucket 21 plus water flow should not stop too greatly, when overflow ladles 31 being waited to start spilling water plus water；
S05 record: starting timing when water in overflow ladle 31 is shortly past overflow plate 33, when starting to add water as 0 into leakage bucket 21
It carves, records the amount of water in initial time and certain time, fill in infiltration test water inlet scale, the same time reads overflow device
Reading in 4 fills in the spilling water amount part in infiltration test infiltration scale, at any time the inflow of unit of account time, spilling water amount
And water percolating capacity, until stopping test when water percolating capacity is relatively stable.
, test data record
Start timing when water in overflow ladle 31 is shortly past overflow plate 33, starts into leakage bucket 21 plus water is as 0 moment, remember respectively
Corresponding data is recorded, and fills in riverbed infiltration test point infiltration capacity record sheet (see Table 2 for details):
2 test site riverbed infiltration test infiltration capacity record sheet of table
3, test data analyzer
Milliosmolarity is counted according to the inflow of riverbed infiltration test record, spilling watermeter, after infiltration capacity is relatively stable, changes water
Grease head highness and start it is next fall journey test, until all design experiments complete.All data are inputted into computer, calculate different heads
Infiltration capacity under height, and make different head heights-infiltration capacity curve graph, according to each testing site head height of experimental design and
Water percolating capacity relation curve (is detailed in 2 ~ attached drawing of attached drawing 6).
It is fitted above-mentioned curve with statistical method, obtains fit equation and related coefficient, (see Table 3 for details):
Each testing site fitting result of table 3
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, it is possible to understand that
These embodiments can be carried out with a variety of variations, modification, replacement without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and become
Type, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device, which is characterized in that including water supply device (1), leak device (2), determine water head equipment
(3), overflow device (4) and power supply unit (5),
The water supply device (1) for bucket (11), self priming pump (12) and immersible pump (13) by forming；
The leak device (2) is made of leakage bucket (21) and head pipe (22), is offered head pipe at the top of leakage bucket (21) and is connect
Mouthful, head pipe (22) is connect by head interface tube with leakage bucket (21)；It leaks bucket (21) and passes through mobilizable water inlet pipe (23)
It is connect with for the self priming pump (12) in bucket (11)；
It is described to determine water head equipment (3) and be made of overflow ladle (31) and branch ladder (32), overflow plate is equipped among overflow ladle (31)
(33), overflow ladle (31) is divided into chamber one (34) and chamber two (35), the hose of chamber one (34) welded by bottom
One (36) are connect with the effluent pipe mouth that leakage bucket (21) bucket wall opens up, and hose one (36) is movably fixed on branch ladder with clamp
(32) on；
The overflow device (4) is connect by the hose two (37) that chamber two (35) bottom is welded with chamber two (35).
2. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the immersible pump (13) is placed in
From in the water source at (1) 5 ~ 10m of water supply device.
3. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the leakage bucket (21) is by bottom surface
Product 2m2, high 1.5m, thickness 3mm steel plate roll made of inverted funnel bucket, 4 handles are welded in leakage bucket (21) bottom；Described
Exhaust port is also provided at the top of leakage bucket (21), exhaust port connects exhaust pipe (24).
4. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: as test head > 0.5m,
Head interface tube adapter tube diameter 110mm, the length 1m, and the head pipe (22) that four section PVC short tubes of belt lacing are constituted, head pipe
(22) while with while connect, water inlet pipe (23) enters from the head pipe (22), by determining water head equipment (3) control water level.
5. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: as test head≤0.5m,
Water inlet tube interface on described leakage bucket (21) side wall is connect by water inlet pipe (23) with for the self priming pump (12) in bucket (11),
By determining water head equipment (3) control water level.
6. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the water inlet pipe (23)
D=50mm, and it is equipped with valve one (25) in one end close to leakage bucket (21), in the water inlet pipe close to self priming pump (12) one end
(23) flowmeter (27) are connected with.
7. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the overflow ladle (31) is high
0.3m, the overflow plate (33) high 0.2m, branch ladder (32) the total height 4m, every high 0.5m of rank.
8. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hose one (36) and hose
Two (37) are steel wire plastic flexible pipe, and diameter is D=50mm, and in one end close to leakage bucket (21) on hose one (36)
It is provided with valve two (26).
9. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the overflow device (4) is by 1
Basal diameter D=0.5m, high 1m plastic barrel composition need to paste transparent glass tube with a scale on the outside of bucket and be used to read water level；Institute
Stating power supply unit (5) includes generator, cable, insert row.
10. a kind of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: leakage bucket (21) bottom
The fixation handle of welding is angle iron or reinforcing rod.
11. a kind of application method of riverbed infiltration test device according to claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
S01 leaks bucket and places: dig pit 1.5m in riverbed area, retains intermediate stratum, and need to be less than 2m by placing area on intermediate stratum2
Iron stand or iron sheet plate as buffer board, iron sheet board bottom portion disposes foot or places brick or stone；The high 1.5m that will be got ready,
Floor space 2m2Leakage bucket (21) is gone down along the back-off of intermediate stratum, and wherein for 0.5m height more than ground, 1m is embedded in underground, ground
1m following casting concrete in face is reinforced, 0.3 ~ 0.4m of thickness, leakage bucket (21) bottom edge cement stabilization 0.1m or so height, until
Solidification；
S02 overflow device places hole: at distance leakage bucket (21) outer diameter 4.2m, the overflow device (4) for digging a depth 1.5m is put
Hole is set, the diameter for placing hole is D=1.2m；Or select size for the natural low-lying place that can place 2 overflow devices (4)；
The assembling of S03 component: according to experimental design and test head assembling parts, overflow ladle (31) height is adjusted and by overflow ladle
(31) it is fixed on branch ladder (32), and has marked the scale of branch ladder (32), then adjust overflow ladle (31) height；Add water inspection
Whether leak is had inside device, and confirmation excludes the air in each connecting tube completely, while checking pulsating pump (12) and immersible pump
(13) whether can reach requirement water；
S04 adds water: the topped up with water in for bucket (11), and the height of 0.5m on head pipe (22) is then added water into leakage bucket (21)
Degree records initial water level, wherein in leakage bucket 21 plus water flow should not be too big；Equal overflow ladles (31) start to stop adding when spilling water
Water；
S05 record: starting timing when overflow plate (33) when water in overflow ladle (31), starts into leakage bucket (21) plus water is made
For 0 moment, the amount of water in initial time and certain time is recorded, fills in infiltration test water inlet scale, the same time, which reads, overflows
Reading in water installations (4) fills in the spilling water amount part in infiltration test infiltration scale, the at any time water inlet of unit of account time
Amount, spilling water amount and water percolating capacity, until stopping test when water percolating capacity is relatively stable.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113607619A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏澳墨环境科技有限公司 | Water seepage test device and use method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-03-14 CN CN201910191560.2A patent/CN109799179A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113607619A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-11-05 | 江苏澳墨环境科技有限公司 | Water seepage test device and use method thereof |
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