CN109797351B - 16 mm-thick tubeless rim steel for cold forming and production method - Google Patents
16 mm-thick tubeless rim steel for cold forming and production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A16 mm thick tubeless rim steel for cold forming comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.033 to 0.073%, Si: 0.020-0.080%, Mn: 0.13-0.43%, P: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, N: less than or equal to 0.0035 percent, Als: 0.033 to 0.063%; the production method comprises the following steps: smelting in a converter and then refining in an LF (ladle furnace); RH vacuum treatment; continuously casting and heating the casting blank; rough rolling; fine rolling; carrying out ultra-fast cooling; coiling; and (7) flattening. The invention not only ensures that the thickness specification is 16mm, the yield strength under the material is more than or equal to 210MPa, the tensile strength is 300-420 MPa, and the elongation A50The impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 45 percent, the impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 200J at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, after flash butt welding of the material, when a transverse sample is subjected to a 180-degree cold bending experiment, the bending core diameter d is 0a qualified, and on the premise that the hole expansion rate is more than or equal to 75 percent, the cold forming precision is high, the qualification rate is improved by at least 5 percent, and the production cost is reduced by not less than 8 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to hot rolled steel and a production method thereof, belongs to tubeless rim steel and a production method thereof, and particularly relates to tubeless rim steel with the thickness of 16mm for cold forming and a production method thereof.
Background
The structure of the wheel mainly comprises a spoke and a rim, and the spoke is generally produced by mechanical stamping, so that the spoke wheel steel is required to have good deep drawing performance, tensile forming performance and shearing edge tensile performance. The wheel rim is formed by rolling after flash butt welding, so that the wheel steel for the wheel rim is required to have good welding performance and post-welding forming performance, such as cold bending performance, fatigue performance and the like.
At present, the exploitation of various mineral resources and the construction of engineering projects provide a material foundation for the beautiful life of human beings, and greatly stimulate the requirements of engineering machinery vehicles and dump mining vehicles, because of special working environment and working state, the wheels of the engineering machinery vehicles and the wheels of the mining vehicles have the characteristics of large volume, heavy weight, complex forming and the like, and are generally made of thick hot rolled steel. On the other hand, the hot working generates a large amount of iron scale dust and heat radiation phenomena, which bring serious pollution to the environment, which is contrary to the development concept of environmental protection, energy conservation and consumption reduction. Therefore, the production of the hot-rolled wheel steel for cold forming can meet the requirements of the steel for the tubeless wheel rim of the engineering machinery vehicle and the steel for the tubeless wheel rim of the self-discharging mining vehicle, and is the key point for solving the problems.
After retrieval:
the invention patent of Chinese patent publication No. CN 201310540304.2 discloses a low-cost high-strength steel for automobile wheels and a production method thereof, and the steel comprises the following components: 0.07 to 0.1%, Si: 0.146-0.246%, Mn: 0.76% -0.95%, P: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The process is characterized in that the wheel steel is smelted and rolled through the steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, external refining and conventional rolling. From the aspect of component design, the carbon element content is relatively high, the sulfur element content is relatively high, the forming performance of steel is greatly influenced, the steel is easy to crack in the process of processing the steel into wheels, the silicon element content is relatively high, an iron oxide scale structure which is difficult to remove is formed on the surface of strip steel, the surface quality of the strip steel is influenced, and the part product with high surface requirements, such as a spoke wheel rim, is adversely influenced.
The invention patent of Chinese patent publication No. CN 201110263972.6 discloses a hot rolled steel for an automobile wheel steel ring and a production process thereof, and the hot rolled steel comprises the following components: 0.06-0.12%, Si: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, Mn: 0.30-0.70%, P: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.020%, Al: 0.010-0.060%, and the balance Fe, and is characterized in that the steel liquid is processed by LF external refining, calcium treatment, continuous casting and conventional rolling to form the wheel steel ring. From the aspect of component design, the carbon content of the invention is relatively high, the content of harmful elements such as sulfur, phosphorus and the like is also high, the forming performance of the material is adversely affected, and the forming requirements of large-sized wheel thick-specification parts with complex forming, high precision requirements and high surface quality requirements cannot be completely met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a novel high-strength high-elongation-percentage-A alloy material which has the thickness specification of 16mm, the yield strength of the material being more than or equal to 210MPa, the tensile strength of 300-420 MPa and the elongation percentage of A50The impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 45 percent, the impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 200J under the condition of-20 ℃, after flash butt welding of the material, the bending core diameter d is 0a qualified when a transverse sample is subjected to a 180-degree cold bending experiment, and the hole expansion rate is more than or equal to 75 percent, so that the cold forming precision of the rim of the tubeless wheel is high, the qualification rate is improved by at least 5 percent, and the production cost is reduced by not less than 8 percent.
The measures for realizing the aim are as follows:
a16 mm thick tubeless rim steel for cold forming comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.033 to 0.073%, Si: 0.020-0.080%, Mn: 0.13-0.43%, P: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, N: less than or equal to 0.0035 percent, Als: 0.033 to 0.063%, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
A method for producing a tubeless rim steel with a thickness of 16mm for cold forming, comprising the steps of:
1) smelting in a converter, then feeding the smelted product into an LF furnace for external refining, and stirring by blowing argon in the whole process of the external refining in the LF furnace;
2) carrying out RH vacuum treatment; controlling P in the molten steel to be less than or equal to 0.008 percent and S to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent when the vacuum treatment is finished, and controlling the vacuum treatment time to be not less than 15 min; after the components are finely adjusted, calcium treatment is carried out, Si-Ca lines are fed per ton of steel according to 600-800 g, and the feeding rate is controlled to be 250-300 m/min;
3) heating a casting blank by continuous casting blank forming, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 1160-1200 ℃;
4) rough rolling is carried out, and the finishing temperature is controlled to be 1020-1060 ℃;
5) performing finish rolling, and controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 790-830 ℃;
6) carrying out ultra-fast cooling, and cooling to the coiling temperature at the cooling speed of 140-180 ℃/s;
7) coiling: controlling the coiling temperature to be 490-530 ℃;
8) leveling: the leveling force is set to be 1.5-2.0%.
It is characterized in that: the slag in the LF external refining process comprises the following components in percentage by weight: CaO: 45% -50% of Al2O3：22％～26％、MgO：8％～10％、SiO2: 11% -14% and TFe less than 0.7%; and controlling the alkalinity of the slag R: 3.5 to 4.0.
The reason for the action and control of the components and the main process in the invention is as follows:
carbon: the steel is a solid solution strengthening element with very good strengthening effect and low price, and is also a main element influencing the toughness of the steel material, and the carbon is increased to improve the strength, but the toughness is reduced, so the steel is also unfavorable for the welding performance of the material. The steel of the invention has the application range of parts for tubeless wheel rims of engineering machinery, needs to be subjected to stamping deformation processing to a greater degree, and has the advantages of energy saving, consumption reduction, avoidance of hot processing procedures, and reduction of equipment and energy consumption cost of heating furnaces, so that the required material has good cold forming performance while meeting the strength requirement. If the carbon content is more than 0.073%, good cold formability of the material cannot be satisfied, and if the carbon content is less than 0.030%, the strength of the material cannot be satisfied. Therefore, the carbon content is limited to 0.033 to 0.073%.
Silicon: the silicon has strong solid solution strengthening effect after being dissolved in ferrite, and the tensile strength of the hot rolled steel can be improved by 8.0-9.0 MPa and the yield strength can be improved by 4.0-5.0 MPa when 0.1 weight percent of silicon is added into the carbon steel. And the addition of trace Si element reduces the melting point of impurities such as alumina and the like when the rim part is subjected to flash butt welding, forms silicate oxide with lower melting point, quickly forms welding slag, and is removed in a slag skimming procedure, so that the welding seam quality of the rim is improved, the cold forming requirement of the material is ensured, but the adverse effect on the toughness and the surface quality is obviously increased after the content of silicon exceeds 0.2%, particularly, a hot-rolled steel plate generates a red iron sheet, and pockmarks are left on the surface of the steel plate after acid cleaning to become a crack source in the wheel fatigue process, so the set Si content of the invention is 0.020-0.080%.
Manganese: manganese is the most effective element for improving the strength and toughness, so that the hardness and strength of ferrite and austenite in the steel are improved; the critical transformation temperature in the steel is reduced, the effect of refining pearlite is achieved, and the effect of indirectly improving the strength of the pearlite steel is also achieved; however, the addition of a large amount of manganese can adversely affect the component segregation of the product; and simultaneously is an element for improving the sensitivity coefficient of the welding crack. Therefore, the manganese content is limited to 0.13 to 0.43%.
Phosphorus: in order to avoid deterioration of cold press formability, toughness and fatigue property of the material due to phosphorus, the upper limit of the content is set to 0.006%, and therefore the content is controlled to 0.006% or less.
Sulfur: sulfur is a very harmful element. The sulfur in steel often exists in the form of manganese sulfide, and the sulfide inclusion is unfavorable for the fatigue property of steel, and the lower the sulfur content in steel, the better. Therefore, the sulfur content in steel is controlled to be less than 0.005%
Aluminum: adding a small amount of aluminum can refine crystal grains and improve impact toughness, and the aluminum can also play a role in deoxidation, and is a strong oxidizing forming element to form Al with oxygen in steel2O3Is removed during steel making. Too high aluminum can form too much Al core inclusion, the Al core inclusion has great damage to the fatigue performance of the steel for the wheel rim, and the steel for the wheel rim has to control the Al core inclusion. Therefore, the Al content is limited to 0.033-0.063% in the invention.
Oxygen and nitrogen: the elements which have adverse effects on the structure and performance of the hot rolled steel plate coil and the adverse effects on the burst rate and the microcrack rate of the steel for the wheel rim are strictly controlled. The invention therefore defines the oxygen content O: less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and the nitrogen content N: less than or equal to 0.0035 percent.
According to the characteristic requirements of finished materials, the components and the content of the slag are controlled in the LF external refining process, and the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be in the range of R: 3.5 to 4.0. In the LF external refining process, the influence of alkalinity on the sulfur content ratio is most obvious, and the influence on the viscosity of slag is great. The alkalinity R value is controlled well, the desulfurization capability of the furnace slag is favorably improved, the desulfurization can be more effectively carried out, the application performances of the material such as mechanics and the like are improved, the slag can have reasonable viscosity, the effective volume of the steel ladle is improved, the damage of the scouring action to the lining of the steel ladle is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency and the benefit are increased.
And (3) RH furnace vacuum treatment: the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 6.5KPa, the circulating pure degassing time is not less than 10 minutes, and the vacuum time is not less than 15 minutes. After the components are finely adjusted, calcium treatment is carried out, the molten steel in each furnace is fed with 600-800 g/t of Si-Ca wire according to weight, the feeding rate is controlled at 250-300 m/min, because the wire feeding rate of the Si-Ca wire has great influence on the yield of the Si-Ca wire, the calcium treatment can improve the steel quality, and the calcium treatment enables Al to be treated2O3Transformation into low-melting-point substance 12 CaO. Al2O3Accelerating the floating of inclusions and reducing Al2O3Inclusion and removal of Al2O3The aluminum calcium salt is changed from a string shape to a ball shape without deformationCarrying out inclusion; calcium treatment converts sulfides (FeS and MnS) into spherical CaS, so that the impact toughness of the steel plate is greatly improved, and the anisotropy is greatly improved; the calcium treatment can also improve the mixed casting performance of molten steel and prevent the tundish stopper rod and the submerged nozzle from being coated with Al2O3And inclusion and blockage. Thereby reducing the production cost and improving the economic benefit.
Slab continuous casting: using anti-crack slab covering slag, and adopting a weak cooling mode in a continuous casting secondary cooling system to prevent cracks from being generated during slab casting; the temperature of the tundish is controlled to be 1555 +/-30 ℃, the pulling speed is controlled to be 1.25 +/-0.3M/min, wherein the plate blank continuous casting adopts a whole-course protective casting process, the crystallizer adopts an electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) technology, the electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) technology of the crystallizer is not adopted in the wheel steel material which is used at present, and a plurality of limitations are placed on the service performance of the material, so that the material cannot meet the use requirements of harsh service conditions, and further popularization and use of the material are limited. Through a large number of research experiments, the invention shows that the superheat degree of molten steel can be greatly reduced and the solidification time can be shortened by adopting a crystallizer electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) technology, so that a wide and thin equiaxed crystal area is generated, forced convection is carried out at the solidification front, dendrites at the solidification front are broken, fragments of the dendrites are remelted, the temperature of the molten steel is reduced, an equiaxed crystal core is increased, the development of the columnar crystal front is blocked, and the wide equiaxed crystal area is formed. The stirring of the molten steel reduces the temperature gradient of the liquid core from outside to inside, and the surrounding crystallization develops uniformly, thereby improving the equiaxial crystal rate on the section of the casting blank, enabling the segregation elements to be distributed uniformly, avoiding the aggregation of solute elements, finally improving the segregation of the casting blank, and improving the comprehensive service performance such as the shock resistance of the material.
Controlling the heating of the casting blank: charging cold blanks into a furnace, wherein the temperature of a preheating section is 450-550 ℃, the preheating time is 35-40 min, the temperature of a first heating section is 850-950 ℃, the first adding time is 40-45 min, the temperature of a second heating section is 1080-1180 ℃, the second adding time is 50-60 min, and the temperature of a soaking section is 1160-1200 ℃; soaking time is 30-45 min, total heating time is controlled to be 155-190 min, the temperature difference between the same slabs is less than or equal to 30 ℃, the temperature of the slabs is uniform, elements are fully dissolved in solid solution, the thickness and the number of furnace-produced iron oxide scales are effectively controlled, and the product material with good surface quality can be obtained.
The invention carries out high-pressure water descaling again after the first pass of finish rolling: is mainly formed by Fe in the tunnel furnace3O4The formed primary scale can be removed by a descaler at the inlet side of the vertical rolling mill in front of the roughing mill, so that the rough rolling descaling is set to be not less than five times, a large amount of secondary scale is still generated in the heat insulation conveying roller way and between the roller way and the descaler of the finishing mill, and the secondary scale is mainly made of Fe2O3、Fe3O4The method is characterized in that the method can be removed by a descaling machine in front of a finishing mill, so that the number of open descaling headers before finishing rolling is set to be not less than two, and the tertiary scale generated between a descaling box of the finishing mill and a finishing rolling stand of the finishing mill is difficult to remove, particularly, the FeO content of the scale generated between a descaling point and an F3 stand is high, so that an F1 stand rear descaling mode is designed, the descaling effect is ensured by F1 stand rear descaling, and the descaling water of the F1 stand is used for controlling the temperature of a finish rolling plate surface and reducing the generation of the tertiary scale, so that the better material surface quality is obtained, and due to the effect of F1 stand rear descaling, the abrasion consumption of the roller surface in the rolling process is reduced, and the surface roughness of a steel plate can be well controlled.
The finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 790-830 ℃, because the deformation termination temperature has important influence on the steel structure in the hot working process, the higher the deformation termination temperature is, the stronger the tendency of grain aggregation and growth is, the coarser the obtained austenite grains are, so the deformation termination temperature in the material forming process is reduced as much as possible, but is generally not lower than Ar3, namely, the grain is refined by controlling the rolling control cooling means to improve the product quality, and the finish rolling temperature is controlled to be 790-830 ℃, so that the product with high surface quality is obtained by adapting to the rolling rhythm and quickly rolling, and the generation of cubic iron scale is reduced.
Laminar cooling adopts the mode of anterior segment ultrafast cooling, and the cooling rate is 140 ~ 180 ℃/s. The increase of the cooling rate can reduce Ar3, increase the phase transformation nucleus and inhibit the grain growth after the phase transformation, so that F grains are refined and the material is strengthened by fine grains.
According to research and analysis, the coiling temperature is controlled to be 500-530 ℃, the iron scale structure is divided into three layers, the layer of ferrous oxide (FeO) is closest to iron, when the temperature is lower than 570 ℃, the ferrous oxide (FeO) is in an unstable state, the content of the ferrous oxide (FeO) is increased along with the increase of the surface temperature of the steel plate, the temperature is higher than 700 ℃, and the content of the ferrous oxide (FeO) in the iron scale reaches 95%; ferroferric oxide (Fe)3O4) Is an intermediate layer of iron scale, and when the temperature is lower than 500 ℃, the iron scale is only made of ferroferric oxide (Fe)3O4) Single phase composition, temperature higher than 700 deg.C, ferroferric oxide (Fe)3O4) Ferrous oxide (FeO) begins to form and at very high temperatures, ferroferric oxide (Fe)3O4) Only accounts for 4 percent of the iron scale. Ferroferric oxide (Fe)3O4) Is a harder, more wear resistant phase; iron oxide (Fe)2O3) The outermost layer on the scale, which is usually present at high temperatures, typically represents only 1% of the thickness of the scale. Therefore, the coiling temperature is determined to be 550-590 ℃ through a large number of experiments and analytical researches, so that the method is favorable for further forming loose iron oxide scales mainly with FeO structures on the surface of the material, reducing the thickness of the iron oxide scales and removing the iron oxide scales on the surface of the material in subsequent processing, thereby improving the surface quality of the steel plate, improving the surface quality of products and reducing energy consumption. In the prior art, the coiling temperature is controlled to be 630-650 ℃, the thickness of the iron scale is greatly increased due to the higher temperature, the subsequent processing of the material is more difficult, the labor cost, the process cost and the equipment burden are increased, the surface quality of the material is deteriorated along with the increase of the thickness of the iron scale and the difficulty in removal, the surface quality risk is increased, the overhigh coiling temperature and the difficulty in the subsequent process are increased, and the energy consumption is increased.
Leveling: the whole force is set to be 1.5-2.0%, the plastic deformation range of the material can be expanded, the yield platform of the material is eliminated, and the slip line is prevented from being generated during cold forming. Meanwhile, the elongation of the material in the rolling direction is ensured to be uniform, the plate shape and the surface quality of the material are adjusted, and the forming performance of the material is improved. The metallographic structure of the invention is ferrite plus pearlite, and the grain size of the ferrite is 9.5 grade.
Compared with the prior art, the invention not only ensures that the thickness specification is 16mm, the yield strength under the material is more than or equal to 210MPa, the tensile strength is 300-420 MPa, and the elongation A50The impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 45 percent, the impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 200J at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, after flash butt welding of the material, when a transverse sample is subjected to a 180-degree cold bending experiment, the bending core diameter d is 0a qualified, and the hole expansion rate is more than or equal to 75 percent, so that the cold forming precision of the wheel rim of the tubeless wheel is high, the qualification rate is improved by at least 5 percent, and the production cost is reduced by not less than 8 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below:
table 1 is a list of values for each example and comparative example of the present invention;
table 2 is a table of the main process parameters of each example of the present invention and comparative example;
table 3 is a list of the performance test cases of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention;
table 4 shows the composition and percentage by weight of the slag of each example and comparative example of the present invention.
The embodiments of the invention are produced according to the following steps:
1) smelting in a converter, then feeding the smelted product into an LF furnace for external refining, and stirring by blowing argon in the whole process of the external refining in the LF furnace;
2) carrying out RH vacuum treatment; controlling P in the molten steel to be less than or equal to 0.008 percent and S to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent when the vacuum treatment is finished, and controlling the vacuum treatment time to be not less than 15 min; after the components are finely adjusted, calcium treatment is carried out, Si-Ca lines are fed per ton of steel according to 600-800 g, and the feeding rate is controlled to be 250-300 m/min;
3) heating a casting blank by continuous casting blank forming, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 1160-1200 ℃;
4) rough rolling is carried out, and the finishing temperature is controlled to be 1020-1060 ℃;
5) performing finish rolling, and controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 790-830 ℃;
6) carrying out ultra-fast cooling, and cooling to the coiling temperature at the cooling speed of 140-180 ℃/s;
7) coiling: controlling the coiling temperature to be 490-530 ℃;
8) leveling: the leveling force is set to be 1.5-2.0%.
TABLE 1 list of chemical compositions (wt%) of inventive and comparative examples
TABLE 2 List of the main process parameters of the examples of the invention and the comparative examples
TABLE 3 Table of the results of mechanical Properties measurements of the examples of the invention and the comparative examples
TABLE 4 tabulated (wt%) list of composition and content of slag of each example of the invention and comparative example
As can be seen from Table 3, the material of the invention has good mechanical property matching, good processing extensibility, excellent low-temperature impact property and reaming and flanging property, and can meet the requirements of processing application property and service use property of thick tubeless rims. In the production and use field of customers, tracking statistical analysis shows that when the wheel rim is manufactured by using the material disclosed by the method, the precision of the part after cold forming is high, the qualification rate is at least improved by 5% compared with the material in the previous stage, and due to the improvement of the processing qualification rate, the production cost of the material disclosed by the method is at least reduced by 8% compared with the production cost in the previous stage according to statistical analysis.
The above examples are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A16 mm thick tubeless rim steel for cold forming comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.033 to 0.049%, Si: 0.020-0.080%, Mn: 0.13-0.295%, P: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, N: less than or equal to 0.0035 percent, Als: 0.033 to 0.063%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
the production method comprises the following steps:
1) smelting in a converter, then feeding the smelted product into an LF furnace for external refining, and stirring by blowing argon in the whole process of the external refining in the LF furnace;
2) carrying out RH vacuum treatment; controlling P in the molten steel to be less than or equal to 0.008 percent and S to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent when the vacuum treatment is finished, and controlling the vacuum treatment time to be not less than 15 min; after the components are finely adjusted, calcium treatment is carried out, Si-Ca lines are fed per ton of steel according to 600-800 g, and the feeding rate is controlled to be 250-300 m/min;
3) heating a casting blank by continuous casting blank forming, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 1160-1200 ℃;
4) rough rolling is carried out, and the finishing temperature is controlled to be 1020-1040 ℃;
5) performing finish rolling, and controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 790-830 ℃;
6) carrying out ultra-fast cooling, and cooling to the coiling temperature at the cooling speed of 140-180 ℃/s;
7) coiling: controlling the coiling temperature to be 490-530 ℃;
8) leveling: the leveling force is set to be 1.5-2.0%.
2. Method for producing a steel for cold forming tubeless rims of 16mm thickness according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) smelting in a converter, then feeding the smelted product into an LF furnace for external refining, and stirring by blowing argon in the whole process of the external refining in the LF furnace;
2) carrying out RH vacuum treatment; controlling P in the molten steel to be less than or equal to 0.008 percent and S to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent when the vacuum treatment is finished, and controlling the vacuum treatment time to be not less than 15 min; after the components are finely adjusted, calcium treatment is carried out, Si-Ca lines are fed per ton of steel according to 600-800 g, and the feeding rate is controlled to be 250-300 m/min;
3) heating a casting blank by continuous casting blank forming, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 1160-1200 ℃;
4) rough rolling is carried out, and the finishing temperature is controlled to be 1020-1040 ℃;
5) performing finish rolling, and controlling the finish rolling temperature to be 790-830 ℃;
6) carrying out ultra-fast cooling, and cooling to the coiling temperature at the cooling speed of 140-180 ℃/s;
7) coiling: controlling the coiling temperature to be 490-530 ℃;
8) leveling: the leveling force is set to be 1.5-2.0%.
3. A method of producing a 16mm thick tubeless rim steel for cold forming as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the slag in the LF external refining process comprises the following components in percentage by weight: CaO: 45% -50% of Al2O3：25％～26％、MgO：9％～10％、SiO2: 14 percent and TFe less than 0.7 percent; and controlling the alkalinity of the slag at the ratio of R: 3.5 to 4.0.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2208061C1 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-07-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Чусовской металлургический завод" | Steel for rim of wheel |
| JP2012036495A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2012-02-23 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method for manufacturing nitrided machine part |
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| CN109797351A (en) | 2019-05-24 |
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