CN109794568A - A kind of method of the ring rolling billet size of determining surfaces externally and internally abnormity - Google Patents
A kind of method of the ring rolling billet size of determining surfaces externally and internally abnormity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method of the ring rolling billet size of determining surfaces externally and internally abnormity, to design the ring proposed as starting point, using backstepping mode, first determine the size of blank among ring, the determination method of ring initial blank size is determined again, by each parameter of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among the ring of acquisition, pre- roll can be obtained and compare K1It is rolled with finish to gauge and compares K2Value range, the value in determining range then can quickly determine the parameter of blank among ring.This method can design a series of different roll in advance and compare K for rolling same ring forging1, finish to gauge rolls and compares K2Ring among blank and ring initial blank, improve the design efficiency of ring rolling blank, shorten the production cycle, reduce costs.The present invention provides important method and basis to study the operation of rolling optimization design including blank, may advantageously facilitate the further development of the advanced theory and technology of ring rolling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to special-shaped ring forming technique fields, more particularly to a kind of ring rolling of determining surfaces externally and internally abnormity
The method of billet size.
Background technique
For special-shaped ring in roll form process, billet size determines deflection, and then affects metal in the operation of rolling
Flowing law, ring section precision and ring temperature distribution evenness.Therefore, billet size is important geometric parameter, base
Expect whether size design is reasonable, decide that ring rolling process success is realized, and optimization to rolling technological parameter and most
The performance of terminal ring part product plays a crucial role.The determination method of related special-shaped ring rolling blank at present, still by rule of thumb
And trial-and-error method, cause the ring forging size of roll forming to differ larger with target ring size, and properties of product are difficult to ensure.Lee
Lan Yun propose a kind of whole biconial ring enclosed radial direction roll off blank dimension based on roll off ratio design method (Li Lanyun,
Li Xiao, Liu Jing, wait design method [J] heavy-duty machinery of entirety biconial ring enclosed radial direction roll off blank dimension, and 2015
(6): 1-6 the calculation formula that billet size), is provided using constancy of volume principle rolls taking for ratio in conjunction with the determination of stable formation condition
It is worth range.This method is only applicable to the relatively simple Conical ring of cross sectional shape, does not also account for how designed blank is made
The problem of making；Guo Ling has invented the design method of T section abnormity ring blank in TC4 alloy a kind of, and (a kind of TC4 of Guo Ling is closed
The design method of T section abnormity ring blank in gold, Design of the t-shaped ring cross section
Of an in-stock alloy tc4:, CN 106984747A [P] .2017), if by ring integrally by being divided into equal volume
Dry block, then individually calculates the size of each block of blank, then combines them into final integral blank.Ratio is rolled in this method
Value, the value of ring boss site volume are all based on experience, also do not account for the problem of how designed blank manufactures.It is comprehensive
On, above two method all only considered the design of intermediate blank, and the intermediate blank cross sectional shape designed and ring forging section
Shape height is similar, is odd-shaped cross section, however how to be manufactured in actual production among designed odd-shaped cross section blank again at
For a great problem, both methods does not consider the problems of how intermediate blank manufacture.It is characteristic of the invention that being mentioned for design
Surfaces externally and internally abnormity ring out, first propose in advance roll with two work step forming arrangements of finish to gauge, by roll in advance will rectangular section just
The manufacture of beginning blank obtains final surfaces externally and internally abnormity ring at the intermediate blank with inside groove, then by finish to gauge；Secondly, from interior appearance
Face abnormity ring geomery sets out, and successively gives finish to gauge work step and determines method with the geomery of intermediate blank and roll work in advance
The geomery of step initial blank determines method；Finally, under the premise of guarantee rolls go on smoothly with finish to gauge process in advance, respectively
Provide the pre- value range rolled than rolling ratio with finish to gauge.This method considers the problems of how manufacturing for intermediate blank, and proposition is rolled in advance
With two step forming arrangements of finish to gauge, intermediate blank is manufactured by rolling work step in advance, establishes the intermediate blank of finish to gauge and is rolled in advance with just
Beginning blank shape method for determining dimension, the design for surfaces externally and internally abnormity ring rolled blank material size provide scientific method,
Also important method and basis are provided for the operation of rolling optimization design including research blank.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the problems, such as not considering how intermediate blank manufactures in the prior art, the invention proposes inside and outside a kind of determination
The method of the ring rolling billet size of surface abnormity.
Detailed process of the invention is:
Step 1 determines the rolling work step of ring:
The operation of rolling of ring, which is divided into, pre- rolls work step and finish to gauge work step.
Step 2 determines the calculation formula of billet size among ring:
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among the ring is layered, the height H including first layer21, second
The height H of layer22, first layer volume V21, the second layer volume V22, isometrical section of height H in first layer211Become in first layer
The height H of diameter section212。
Billet size includes the outer diameter D of blank among the ring among the ring1, among ring blank internal diameter d1, ring
Stock volume V among part1, among ring blank height H1With the central diameter d of blank among ring2。
Billet size includes the outer diameter D of blank among the ring among the determining ring1, among ring blank internal diameter
d1, among ring blank height H1With the central diameter d of blank among ring2Detailed process be:
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section is layered among I pair of ring；
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among the ring is layered, and axially right with blank among the ring
Hierarchy parameters of the hierarchy parameters of title face above section as blank among complete ring.
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among the ring is layered.The layering is by base among the ring
Expect that axially symmetric face above section edge is divided axially into first layer and the second layer；The line of demarcation of the first layer and the second layer is located at institute
State the inside groove slot bottom of the simple special-shaped ring with inside groove and the joining place of the internal groove side wall.
Along being divided axially into two sections, first segment is the first layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring after layering
Isometrical section, second segment is reducer.Isometrical section of the height is H211, the height of the reducer is H212。
II determines the volume of each layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring；
Each layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section includes from the blank end face to described with inside groove among the ring
The first layer of the joining place of the inside groove slot bottom and internal groove side wall of simple special-shaped ring, and by the simple special-shaped ring with inside groove
The joining place of slot slot bottom and the internal groove side wall to the blank centerline the second layer.
According to formula (2), the volume V for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring is determined21:
According to formula (3), the volume V for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring is determined22:
In formula, D1、d1And d2Base among the outer diameter of blank, the internal diameter of ring centre blank and ring respectively among ring
The central diameter of material, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H212For
The reducer height in first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring.
III determines blank longitudinal section area S among ring1Calculation formula；
Blank longitudinal section area S among the ring1For the longitudinal section area of blank among complete ring.Determining
Blank longitudinal section area S among ring1Calculation formula are as follows:
In formula, D1、d1And d2Blank among the outer diameter of blank, ring centre blank internal diameter and ring respectively among ring
Central diameter, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H212For ring
The reducer height in first layer that intermediate blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides, H22It is axially symmetric for blank among ring
The height for the second layer that face above section divides.
IV determines stock volume V among ring1Calculation formula；
Stock volume V among the ring1For the volume of blank among complete ring.Blank among determining ring
Volume V1Calculation formula are as follows:
V1=2 (V21+V22) (5)
In formula, V21For the volume for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer volume.
V determines blank height H among ring1Calculation formula；
Blank height H among the ring1For the height of blank among complete ring.Blank among determining ring
Height H1Calculation formula are as follows:
H1=2 (H21+H22) (6)
In formula, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
VI outer diameter D for being used to calculate blank among the ring determined1, among ring blank internal diameter d1Among ring
The central diameter d of blank2Calculation formula are as follows:
In formula, K2Ratio, S are rolled for finish to gauge2To design the ring longitudinal section area proposed,
Among the determining ring in the calculation formula of billet size, is rolled by finish to gauge and compare K2Determine blank ruler among ring
Very little calculation formula；K2> 1.
The finish to gauge, which is rolled, compares K2For blank longitudinal section area S among ring1The ring longitudinal section area S proposed with design2It
Than being expressed as formula (1):
Step 3 determines billet size among ring；
Determine blank height H among ring1；
Pass through blank height H among determining ring1Calculation formula (6) determine blank height H among the ring1:
By determining for calculating the outer diameter D of blank among the ring1, among ring blank internal diameter d1In ring
Between blank central diameter d2Calculation formula (8) determine the outer diameter D of blank among the ring1, among ring blank internal diameter d1And ring
The central diameter d of blank among part2。
In formula, K2Ratio, S are rolled for finish to gauge2The ring longitudinal section area proposed for design.
Step 4 determines ring initial blank size calculation formula；
The ring initial blank shape is annular.The size of the ring initial blank includes ring initial blank outer diameter
D0, ring initial blank internal diameter d0With ring initial blank height H0.Determine the specific of each size calculation formula of ring initial blank
Process are as follows:
Compare K by rolling in advance1Determine the calculation formula of ring initial blank size；K1> 1.
Pre- roll compares K1For ring initial blank longitudinal section area S0With blank longitudinal section area S among ring1It
Than being expressed as formula (9):
I determines ring initial blank height H0Calculation formula；
The ring initial blank height H0For the height of complete ring initial blank.Determining ring initial blank
Height H0Calculation formula are as follows:
H0=2 (H21+H22) (11)
In formula, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
The II ring initial blank internal diameter D determined0Calculation formula are as follows:
The III ring initial blank internal diameter d determined0Calculation formula are as follows:
(D0-d0)(H21+H22)=K1S1 (17)
In formula, K1To roll ratio, S in advance1For blank longitudinal section area, H among ring21It is axially symmetric for blank among ring
The height for the first layer that face above section divides, H22For the second layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section division among ring
Highly, V21For the volume for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22For blank axis among ring
The volume of the second layer divided to plane of symmetry above section.
IV determines ring initial blank longitudinal section area S0Calculation formula；
Identified ring initial blank longitudinal section area S0Calculation formula are as follows:
Step 5 determines ring initial blank size；
I determines ring initial blank height H0；
Pass through determining ring initial blank outer diameter height H0Calculation formula (11) determine ring initial blank height H0:
II determines ring initial blank outer diameter D0With ring initial blank internal diameter d0；
Pass through determining ring initial blank internal diameter D0Calculation formula (16) and determine ring initial blank internal diameter d0's
Calculation formula (17) determines the ring initial blank outer diameter D0With ring initial blank internal diameter d0:
Step 6 determines to roll in advance and compares K1It is rolled with finish to gauge and compares K2Value range；
I determines that pre- roll compares K1Value range；
It determines to roll in advance by formula (21) and compares K1Value range:
In formula, dpm-MaxFor the maximum cross-section diameter for rolling core roller used in work step in advance, S1For blank longitudinal section face among ring
Product, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22It is axial for blank among ring
The height for the second layer that plane of symmetry above section divides, V21First divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring
The volume of layer, V22For the volume for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides.
II, which determines that finish to gauge is rolled, compares K2Value range；
It determines that finish to gauge is rolled by formula (23) and compares K2Value range:
In formula, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring,
H212The reducer height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H22For base among ring
Expect the height for the second layer that axially symmetric face above section divides, V22It is divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring
The second layer volume, S1For blank longitudinal section area, d among ringfm-MaxMaximum cross-section for core roller used in finish to gauge work step is straight
Diameter, d2For blank central diameter among ring.
So far, the determination to the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity is completed.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention, which uses, reverse-engineers thinking, with surfaces externally and internally special-shaped ring part geomery
For starting point, the method for proposing a kind of ring rolling billet size of determining surfaces externally and internally abnormity.Firstly, proposition is rolled in advance and finish to gauge
Two work step forming arrangements obtain the intermediate blank with inside groove by roll in advance the initial blank of rectangular section, then pass through by
Intermediate blank with inside groove carries out finish to gauge and obtains surfaces externally and internally abnormity ring, it is contemplated that the problem of how intermediate blank manufactures；Its
It is secondary, minimum target is flowed axially with material, using layering thought and based on it is isometric, etc. height principle, successively give end
It rolls work step and with the geomery of intermediate blank determines method and roll the geomery of work step initial blank in advance and determine method；Again
It is secondary, consider to roll the constraint condition of work step core roller size and finish to gauge work step core roller size in advance, provide respectively it is pre- roll than and eventually
Roll the value range of ratio；Finally, need to only obtain the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring
Spend H21, blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring the second layer height H22, blank is axially symmetric among ring
The volume V for the first layer that face above section divides21, blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring the second layer body
Product V22, isometrical section of height H in blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring first layer211, blank among ring
The reducer height H in first layer that axially symmetric face above section divides212, blank longitudinal section area S among ring1, design
The ring longitudinal section area S of proposition2, roll the maximum cross-section diameter d of core roller used in work step in advancepm-MaxAnd core used in finish to gauge work step
The maximum cross-section diameter d of rollerfm-Max, can quickly determine to roll in advance and compare K1It is rolled with finish to gauge and compares K2Value range and ring in
Between blank outer diameter D1, blank internal diameter d among ring1, blank central diameter d among ring2With blank height H among ring1, there are also rings
Part initial blank outer diameter D0, ring initial blank internal diameter d0With ring initial blank height H0。
This method can design a series of different roll in advance and compare K for rolling same ring forging1, finish to gauge rolls and compares K2Ring
Intermediate blank and ring initial blank, the design for surfaces externally and internally abnormity ring rolled blank material size provide scientific method,
Important method and basis are provided for the operation of rolling optimization design including research blank.Rolled blank proposed by the present invention
Expect sizing method, is applicable not only to surfaces externally and internally abnormity ring, and the mentality of designing of this method is for other special-shaped rings
The design that part rolls billet size also has certain directive significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the ring longitudinal section cross-sectional view that design proposes；
Fig. 2 a is ring initial blank longitudinal section cross-sectional view；
Fig. 2 b is to roll blank longitudinal section cross-sectional view among the ring of work step acquisition in advance；
Fig. 3 is blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section hierarchical diagram among ring；
Fig. 4 a is to roll core roller longitudinal section cross-sectional view used in work step in advance；
Fig. 4 b is core roller longitudinal section cross-sectional view used in finish to gauge work step；
Fig. 5 is flow chart of the invention.
In figure: 1. ring initial blanks；2. blank among ring；3. first layer；4. the second layer.
Specific embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of method of the ring rolling billet size of determining surfaces externally and internally abnormity, is proposed according to design
Ring structure feature and outer dimension design the blank shape used in the operation of rolling and size.Using delamination process pair
Rolling blank be layered, and make divide each layer before the rolling, rolling after keep height and constancy of volume, to mention
Blank shape and size computing method in the operation of rolling out.
Design proposes that the inner circumferential surface of ring has the groove of annular, and the external peripheral surface of the ring is by being located at the ring
Isometrical section and the cone section composition in the middle part of ring at part both ends, and the outer diameter at the ring both ends is made to be less than the ring length direction
Outer diameter at the plane of symmetry makes the external peripheral surface of the ring in the conical surface, i.e. the outer surface of the ring shell shows intermediate thin two
Hold thick feature.
The detailed process of the present embodiment is:
Step 1 determines the rolling work step for the ring that design proposes:
The operation of rolling for the ring that design proposes is divided into and pre- rolls work step and finish to gauge work step.The pre- work step that rolls is by conduct
The annular base rolling of initial blank becomes the simple special-shaped ring that inner circumferential surface has inside groove；Annular base is realized by the pre- work step that rolls
The first sub-distribution of volume at different cross section obtains blank among ring；The outer diameter of blank is straight-tube shape among the ring.Described
Finish to gauge work step is by the further roll forming of blank among the ring to the ring of design proposition.
Step 2 determines the calculation formula of billet size among ring:
It is rolled by finish to gauge and compares K2Determine the calculation formula of billet size among ring；K2> 1.
The finish to gauge, which is rolled, compares K2For blank longitudinal section area S among ring1The ring longitudinal section area S proposed with design2It
Than being expressed as formula (1):
The shape of blank is the simple special-shaped ring that circumferential inner surface has inside groove among the ring, as shown in Figure 2 b.The ring
The size of blank is determined by following parameter among part, including its outer diameter D1, internal diameter d1, volume V1, height H1And along groove depth direction
The central diameter d of formation2.The present embodiment will be described in the calculation formula of determining each parameter:
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section is layered among I pair of ring；
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among the ring is layered, and axially right with blank among the ring
Hierarchy parameters of the hierarchy parameters of title face above section as blank among complete ring.
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among the ring is layered.The layering is by base among the ring
Expect that axially symmetric face above section edge is divided axially into first layer 3 and the second layer 4；The line of demarcation of the first layer and the second layer is located at
The inside groove slot bottom of the simple special-shaped ring with inside groove and the joining place of the internal groove side wall, as shown in Figure 3.
Along being divided axially into two sections, first segment is the first layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring after layering
Isometrical section, second segment is reducer.Isometrical section of the height is H211, the height of the reducer is H212。
II determines the calculation formula of each layer volume of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring；
Each layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section includes from the blank end face to described with inside groove among the ring
The first layer 3 of the joining place of the inside groove slot bottom and internal groove side wall of simple special-shaped ring, and by the simple special-shaped ring with inside groove
The joining place of inside groove slot bottom and the internal groove side wall to the blank centerline the second layer 4.
According to formula (2), the volume V for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring is determined21:
According to formula (3), the volume V for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring is determined22:
In formula, D1、d1And d2Base among the outer diameter of blank, the internal diameter of ring centre blank and ring respectively among ring
The central diameter of material, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H212For
The reducer height in first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring.
III determines blank longitudinal section area S among ring1Calculation formula；
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section longitudinal section cross-sectional view among ring is given in Fig. 3, but is actually being calculated
Blank longitudinal section area S among ring1When, it should also be taken into account that part below its axially symmetric face, therefore base among the ring
Expect longitudinal section area S1For the longitudinal section area of blank among complete ring.According to formula (4), vertical section of blank among ring is calculated
Face area S1:
In formula, D1、d1And d2Base among the outer diameter of blank, the internal diameter of ring centre blank and ring respectively among ring
The central diameter of material, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H212For
The reducer height in first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring, H22It is axial for blank among ring
The height for the second layer that plane of symmetry above section divides.
IV determines stock volume V among ring1Calculation formula；
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section longitudinal section cross-sectional view among ring is given in Fig. 3, but is actually being calculated
Stock volume V among ring1When, it should also be taken into account that part below its axially symmetric face, therefore stock volume V among the ring1
For stock volume V among complete ring1.According to formula (5), stock volume V among ring is calculated1:
V1=2 (V21+V22) (5)
In formula, V21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
V determines blank height H among ring1Calculation formula；
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section longitudinal section cross-sectional view among ring is given in Fig. 3, but is actually being calculated
Blank height H among ring1When, it should also be taken into account that part below its axially symmetric face, therefore blank height H among the ring1
For blank height H among complete ring1.According to formula (6), blank height H among ring is calculated1:
H1=2 (H21+H22) (6)
In formula, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
Step 3 determines billet size among ring；
Determine blank height H among ring1；
Blank height H among ring is determined by formula (6)1:
H1=2 (H21+H22) (6)
In formula, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
Determine the outer diameter D of blank among ring1, among ring blank internal diameter d1With the central diameter d of blank among ring2；
Joint type (1) and formula (4), obtain formula (7):
In formula, S1For blank longitudinal section area, K among ring2Ratio, S are rolled for finish to gauge2The ring longitudinal section proposed for design
Area, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H212For ring
The reducer height in first layer that intermediate blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides, H22It is axially symmetric for blank among ring
The height for the second layer that face above section divides.
The outer diameter D of blank among ring is determined by formula (8)1, among ring blank internal diameter d1With blank among ring
Central diameter d2。
In formula, K2Ratio, S are rolled for finish to gauge2For the ring longitudinal section area that design proposes, H21It is axially right for blank among ring
The height for the first layer that title face above section divides, H22The second layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring
Height, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H212For ring
The reducer height in first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among part.
Step 4 determines ring initial blank size calculation formula；
Compare K by rolling in advance1Determine the calculation formula of ring initial blank size；K1> 1.
Pre- roll compares K1For ring initial blank longitudinal section area S0With blank longitudinal section area S among ring1It
Than being expressed as formula (9):
The ring initial blank shape is annular, as shown in Figure 2 a.The size of the ring initial blank includes outer diameter D0、
Internal diameter d0With height H0.The calculation formula of the determination each size of ring initial blank are as follows:
I calculates ring initial blank height H0；
The ring initial blank height H0For the height of completed blank.
In advance roll work step be by annular base roll forming be the simple special-shaped ring with inside groove, during the rolling process, metal material
Flow direction predominantly radially and circumferentially, axial flowing is ignored, so ring initial blank height H0Before the rolling and
It is consistent after rolling, and since ring initial blank obtains blank among ring after rolling, therefore ring initial blank is high
Spend H0Calculation formula are as follows:
H0=H1 (10)
In formula, H1For blank height among ring.
Joint type (6) and formula (10) obtain ring initial blank height H0Calculation formula are as follows:
H0=2 (H21+H22) (11)
In formula, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
II calculates ring initial blank volume V0；
The ring initial blank volume V0For the volume of completed blank.
According to formula (12), ring initial blank volume V is calculated0:
Based on Plastic Forming constancy of volume principle, ring initial blank volume V0Before the rolling be consistent after rolling,
And since ring initial blank obtains blank among ring after rolling, therefore calculate ring initial blank volume V0Formula
Are as follows:
V0=V1 (13)
In formula, V1For stock volume among ring.
Joint type (5) and formula (13) obtain ring initial blank volume V0Calculation formula are as follows:
V0=2 (V21+V22) (14)
In formula, V21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
III calculates ring initial blank longitudinal section area S0；
Identified ring initial blank longitudinal section area S0Calculation formula are as follows:
IV calculates ring initial blank outer diameter D0With ring initial blank internal diameter d0；
Joint type (11), formula (12) and formula (14), obtain formula (16):
Joint type (9), formula (11) and formula (15), obtain formula (17):
(D0-d0)(H21+H22)=K1S1 (17)
In formula, K1To roll ratio, S in advance1For blank longitudinal section area, H among ring21It is axially symmetric for blank among ring
The height for the first layer that face above section divides, H22For the second layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section division among ring
Highly, V21For the volume for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22For blank axis among ring
The volume of the second layer divided to plane of symmetry above section.
According to formula (16) and formula (17) computable ring part initial blank outer diameter D0With ring initial blank internal diameter d0。
Step 5 determines ring initial blank size；
Determine ring initial blank height H0；
Ring initial blank height H is determined by formula (11)0:
H0=2 (H21+H22) (11)
In formula, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22For in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide the second layer height.
Joint type (16) and formula (17), determine ring initial blank outer diameter D0With ring initial blank internal diameter d0。
In formula, K1To roll ratio, S in advance1For blank longitudinal section area, H among ring21It is axially symmetric for blank among ring
The height for the first layer that face above section divides, H22For the second layer of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section division among ring
Highly, V21For the volume for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22For blank axis among ring
The volume of the second layer divided to plane of symmetry above section.
Step 6 determines to roll in advance and compares K1It is rolled with finish to gauge and compares K2Value range；
I determines that pre- roll compares K1Value range；
In order to guarantee to roll going on smoothly for work step in advance, then need to satisfy two conditions:: first, design ring initial blank
When, to consider the constraint of core roller size used in the work step, that is, the ring initial blank internal diameter designed should be greater than used in the work step
The maximum cross-section diameter of core roller；Second, it rolls compare K in advance1> 1.Only meet above-mentioned two condition simultaneously, just can guarantee the work step
The operation of rolling is gone on smoothly.Fig. 4 a is to roll core roller Longitudinal cross section schematic used in work step in advance.In figure, dpm-MaxTo roll work step institute in advance
With the maximum cross-section diameter of core roller.
Ring initial blank internal diameter d0Greater than core roller maximum cross-section diameter d used in the work steppm-Max:
d0>dpm-Max (20)
Due to ring initial blank internal diameter d0Determine that then joint type (19) and formula (20), bring pre- roll into and compare K by formula (19)1
> 1 obtains pre- roll and compares K1Value range:
In formula, dpm-MaxFor the maximum cross-section diameter for rolling core roller used in work step in advance, S1For blank longitudinal section face among ring
Product, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22It is axial for blank among ring
The height for the second layer that plane of symmetry above section divides, V21First divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring
The volume of layer, V22For the volume for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides.
II, which determines that finish to gauge is rolled, compares K2Value range；
In finish to gauge work step, need to satisfy two conditions:: the first, design ring among blank when, to consider used in the work step
The constraint of core roller size, that is, the ring centre blank internal diameter designed should be greater than the maximum cross-section diameter of core roller used in the work step；
The second, finish to gauge, which is rolled, compares K2> 1.Fig. 4 b is core roller Longitudinal cross section schematic used in finish to gauge work step.In figure, dfm-MaxFor finish to gauge work step institute
With the maximum cross-section diameter of core roller.
Blank internal diameter d among ring1Greater than core roller maximum cross-section diameter used in the work step:
d1> dfm-Max (22)
Joint type (8) and formula (22) solve finish to gauge and roll and compare K2Value range be formula (23):
In formula, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring,
H212The reducer height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H22For base among ring
Expect the height for the second layer that axially symmetric face above section divides, V22It is divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring
The second layer volume, S1For blank longitudinal section area, d among ringfm-MaxMaximum cross-section for core roller used in finish to gauge work step is straight
Diameter, d2For blank central diameter among ring.
In conclusion blank height H among ring1It is determined by formula (6), the outer diameter D of blank among ring1, base among ring
The internal diameter d of material1And the central diameter d of ring centre blank2It is determined by formula (8)；Ring initial blank height H0It is determined by formula (11),
Ring initial blank outer diameter D0It is determined by formula (18), ring initial blank internal diameter d0It is determined by formula (19)；It rolls in advance and compares K1Value
Range determines that finish to gauge, which is rolled, compares K by formula (21)2Value range by formula (23) determine.
The ring longitudinal section area S that the present embodiment design proposes2For 6366.3mm2, among ring the blank axial direction plane of symmetry with
The height H of the first layer of top graduation point21The second layer divided for 44.2mm, ring centre blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section
Height H22For the volume V of 49.8mm, the ring centre blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section first layer divided21For 3.5 ×
106mm3, the volume V for the second layer that ring centre blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides22It is 3.8 × 106mm3, in ring
Between blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divide first layer in isometrical section of height H211For 34.1mm, ring centre blank axis
The reducer height H in first layer divided to plane of symmetry above section212For 10.1mm, the maximum of core roller used in finish to gauge work step
Diameter of section dfm-MaxFor 220mm, the maximum cross-section diameter d of core roller used in work step is rolled in advancepm-MaxFor 210mm, by above-mentioned all ginsengs
Number successively substitutes into formula (8), formula (21) and formula (23), obtains pre- roll and compares K1Value range be K1Ratio is rolled in ∈ (1,2.51), finish to gauge
K2Value range be K2∈(1,2.83).Parameter value of the table 1 for the input in need that the present embodiment obtains.
Compare K rolling in advance1It is rolled with finish to gauge and compares K2Value range in, choose 3 groups of different pre- roll respectively and compare K1And finish to gauge
It rolls and compares K2, in conjunction with table 1 obtain input in need parameter value, it is successively substituted into formula (1), formula (6), formula (8), formula
(11), formula (18) and formula (19) solve billet size and ring initial blank size among ring, are shown in Table 2.
Table 1 input in need parameter value
2 difference K of table1And K2The size of blank among lower ring initial blank and ring
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of the ring rolling billet size of determining surfaces externally and internally abnormity, it is characterised in that；Detailed process is:
Step 1 determines the rolling work step of ring:
The operation of rolling of ring, which is divided into, pre- rolls work step and finish to gauge work step；
Step 2 determines the calculation formula of billet size among ring:
Blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among the ring is divided into two layers；The parameter of each layer is obtained respectively, and passes through institute
The parameter for stating each layer obtains billet size among the ring；The of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring after layering
One layer of edge is divided axially into two sections, and first segment is isometrical section, and second segment is reducer；
Billet size includes the outer diameter D of blank among the ring among the ring1, among ring blank internal diameter d1, in ring
Between stock volume V1, among ring blank height H1With the central diameter d of blank among ring2；
The determining outer diameter D for being used to calculate blank among the ring1, among ring blank internal diameter d1With blank among ring
Central diameter d2Calculation formula are as follows:
In formula, K2Ratio, S are rolled for finish to gauge2The ring longitudinal section area proposed for design；H211For isometrical section of height；H212For variable diameter
The height of section；H22For the height of the second layer；V21For the volume of first layer；V22For the volume of the second layer；H211It is medium for first layer
The height of diameter section；H212For the height of reducer in first layer；
Determine stock volume V among ring1Calculation formula；Stock volume V among the ring1Among complete ring
The volume of blank；Calculate stock volume V among ring1Are as follows:
V1=2 (V21+V22) (5)
In formula, V21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22For base among ring
Expect the height for the second layer that axially symmetric face above section divides；
Blank height H among the identified ring1Calculation formula are as follows:
H1=2 (H21+H22) (6)
In formula, H21For the height of first layer；
Step 3 determines billet size among ring:
By the determination for calculating blank height H among the ring1Calculation formula (6) determine that blank is high among ring
Spend H1:
By the determination for calculating the outer diameter D of blank among the ring1, among ring blank internal diameter d1In ring
Between blank central diameter d2Calculation formula (8) obtain the outer diameter D of blank among ring1, intermediate blank internal diameter d1In intermediate blank
Diameter d2；
Step 4 determines ring initial blank size calculation formula；
The ring initial blank shape is annular；The size of the ring initial blank includes ring initial blank outer diameter D0, ring
Initial blank internal diameter d0With ring initial blank height H0；Compare K by rolling in advance1Determine that the calculating of ring initial blank size is public
Formula；K1> 1；
Determining ring initial blank outer diameter D0, internal diameter d0Calculation formula be respectively as follows:
In formula, K1To roll ratio, S in advance1For blank longitudinal section area, H among ring21For the blank axial direction plane of symmetry among ring with
The height of the first layer of top graduation point；H22For the height for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides
Degree；V21For the volume for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides；V22It is axial for blank among ring
The volume for the second layer that plane of symmetry above section divides；
Determining ring initial blank outer diameter height H0Calculation formula are as follows:
H0=2 (H21+H22) (11)
In formula, H21For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides；H22For base among ring
Expect the height for the second layer that axially symmetric face above section divides；
Step 5 determines ring initial blank size；
I determines ring initial blank height H0；
Pass through the ring initial blank outer diameter height H of the determination0Calculation formula (11) determine ring initial blank height H0:
II determines ring initial blank outer diameter D0With ring initial blank internal diameter d0；
Pass through the ring initial blank outer diameter D of the determination0, internal diameter d0Calculation formula (18) and (19) determine the initial base of ring
Expect outer diameter D0With ring initial blank internal diameter d0；
Step 6 determines to roll in advance and compares K1It is rolled with finish to gauge and compares K2Value range；
I determines that pre- roll compares K1Value range；
It determines to roll in advance by formula (21) and compares K1Value range:
In formula, dpm-MaxFor the maximum cross-section diameter for rolling core roller used in work step in advance, S1For blank longitudinal section area, H among ring21
For the height for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, H22For the blank axial direction plane of symmetry among ring
The height for the second layer that above section divides, V21For the body for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides
Product, V22For the volume for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides；
II, which determines that finish to gauge is rolled, compares K2Value range；
It determines that finish to gauge is rolled by formula (23) and compares K2Value range:
In formula, H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring, H212For
The reducer height in first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring, H22It is axial for blank among ring
The height for the second layer that plane of symmetry above section divides, V22Second divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring
The volume of layer, S1For blank longitudinal section area, d among ringfm-MaxFor the maximum cross-section diameter of core roller used in finish to gauge work step, d2For
Blank central diameter among ring；
So far, the determination to the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity is completed.
2. determining the method for the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
In the calculation formula (8) for determining ring centre billet size, is rolled by finish to gauge and compare K2Determine the calculating of billet size among ring
Formula；K2> 1；
The finish to gauge, which is rolled, compares K2For blank longitudinal section area S among ring1The ring longitudinal section area S proposed with design2The ratio between,
It is expressed as formula (1):
3. determining the method for the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Detailed process to blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section layering among ring, and each hierarchy parameters of acquisition is: the layering
It is that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section edge among the ring is divided axially into first layer and the second layer；The first layer and second
The line of demarcation of layer is located at the inside groove slot bottom of the simple special-shaped ring with inside groove and the joining place of the internal groove side wall；
By formula (2), the volume V for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring is determined21:
By formula (3), the volume V for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides among ring is determined22:
In formula, D1、d1And d2Blank among the outer diameter of blank, the internal diameter of ring centre blank and ring respectively among ring
Central diameter；H211The isometrical section of height in first layer divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring；H212For ring
The reducer height in first layer that intermediate blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides；
Layering of the hierarchy parameters of blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section as blank among complete ring among using the ring
Parameter.
4. determining the method for the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that determine
Blank longitudinal section area S among ring1Calculation formula:
Blank longitudinal section area S among the ring1For the longitudinal section area of blank among complete ring；According to formula (1) and
Formula (4) calculates blank longitudinal section area S among ring1:
In formula, D1、d1And d2Blank central diameter among the outer diameter of blank, ring centre blank internal diameter and ring respectively among ring,
K2Ratio, S are rolled for finish to gauge1For blank longitudinal section area, S among ring2For the ring longitudinal section area that design proposes, H211For ring
The isometrical section of height in first layer that intermediate blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section divides, H212It is axially right for blank among ring
The reducer height in first layer that title face above section divides, H22It is divided for blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring
The second layer height.
5. determining the method for the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Finish to gauge, which is rolled, compares K2For blank longitudinal section area S among ring1The ring longitudinal section area S proposed with design2The ratio between, it is expressed as formula
(1):
6. determining the method for the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
It rolls in advance and compares K1For ring initial blank longitudinal section area S0With blank longitudinal section area S among ring1The ratio between, it is expressed as formula
(9):
7. determining the method for the ring rolling billet size of surfaces externally and internally abnormity as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that true
In the fixed ring initial blank size calculation formula, ring initial blank outer diameter D0Calculation formula are as follows:
Determine in the ring initial blank size calculation formula, ring initial blank internal diameter d0Calculation formula are as follows:
(D0-d0)(H21+H22)=K1S1 (17)
In formula, K1To roll ratio, S in advance1For blank longitudinal section area, H among ring21For the blank axial direction plane of symmetry among ring with
The height of the first layer of top graduation point, H22For the height for the second layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides
Degree, V21For the volume for the first layer that blank axial direction plane of symmetry above section among ring divides, V22It is axial for blank among ring
The volume for the second layer that plane of symmetry above section divides.
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| CN110496929A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-26 | 贵州航宇科技发展股份有限公司 | A method of using the poly- material base of ring rolling machine axial rolling |
| CN112453293A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-09 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Rolling method of special-shaped ring with L-shaped section |
| CN113680932A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Near-net composite rolling forming method for large-sized outer contour abrupt cross-section ring piece |
| CN113941675A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Near-net rolling forming method for large-sized abrupt-change cross-section ring piece |
| CN114192708A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Hot rolling forming method for large aluminum alloy ring piece construction |
| CN116522521A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-08-01 | 江苏翔能科技发展有限公司 | Method for determining axial diameter growth speed difference in conical ring rolling |
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