CN109792387B - Anti-counterfeiting method and system for optical communication device - Google Patents
Anti-counterfeiting method and system for optical communication device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109792387B CN109792387B CN201780051636.0A CN201780051636A CN109792387B CN 109792387 B CN109792387 B CN 109792387B CN 201780051636 A CN201780051636 A CN 201780051636A CN 109792387 B CN109792387 B CN 109792387B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
- H04L9/3239—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/088—Usage controlling of secret information, e.g. techniques for restricting cryptographic keys to pre-authorized uses, different access levels, validity of crypto-period, different key- or password length, or different strong and weak cryptographic algorithms
Abstract
An anti-counterfeiting method and system for an optical communication device are provided. The anti-counterfeiting method for the optical communication device comprises the following steps: receiving a first verification value from an image capturing device of a user, wherein the image capturing device obtains information displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment as a function of the moment by image capturing the optical communication device, and wherein the first verification value is obtained based on the information; inputting the time into a first function to obtain a second verification value; and judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to the first verification value and the second verification value, wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical information, and particularly relates to an anti-counterfeiting method and an anti-counterfeiting system for an optical communication device. Optical communication devices are capable of transmitting different information by emitting different light, which may also be referred to herein as "optical labels," both of which may be used interchangeably throughout this application.
Background
The optical label transmits information by emitting different lights, which has advantages of long distance, loose requirement of visible light condition, strong directivity, locatability, and the information transmitted by the optical label can be rapidly changed with time, thereby providing a large information capacity. Therefore, compared with the traditional two-dimensional code, the optical label has stronger information interaction capacity, thereby providing great convenience for users and merchants. Due to the registration openness of the optical label, anyone can publish personal services or information by purchasing or applying for the optical label, which makes the possibility that lawless persons counterfeit the optical label. In order to prevent illegal counterfeiting of optical labels, it is necessary to provide an anti-counterfeiting method for optical labels.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an optical label anti-counterfeiting method and an optical label anti-counterfeiting system, which have the advantages of simple and reasonable process, convenience in use and good anti-counterfeiting performance.
One aspect of the present invention relates to an anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising: receiving a first verification value from an image capture device of a user, wherein the image capture device obtains information displayed by the optical communication device at a time as a function of the time by image capturing the optical communication device, and wherein the first verification value is obtained based on the information; inputting the time into a first function to obtain a second verification value; and judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to the first verification value and the second verification value, wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising: receiving a verification value from an image acquisition device of a user, wherein the image acquisition device acquires information, which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and is obtained by encrypting the moment, by performing image acquisition on the optical communication device, and the verification value is obtained based on the information; performing a decryption algorithm on the verification value to obtain a decryption result; and analyzing the decryption result to judge the authenticity of the optical communication device, wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times.
Another aspect of the invention relates to a server configured for performing the above anti-counterfeiting method.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising: using an image acquisition device to acquire an image of the optical communication device so as to obtain information which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and depends on the moment, wherein the moment is one of preset possible authentication moments; obtaining a verification value based on the information; sending the verification value to a server for verification; receiving a verification result from the server.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an image acquisition apparatus comprising an image acquisition element, a processor and a memory, the memory having stored therein a computer program which, when executed by the processor, is capable of being used to implement the above-mentioned anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to an optical communication apparatus comprising: a light source; and a controller configured to: obtaining an output value based on a certain time; obtaining information to be displayed by the optical communication apparatus at the time based on the output value; and controlling the light source to display the information at the moment, wherein the moment is one of preset possible authentication moments.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an anti-counterfeiting system for an optical communication device, comprising: an optical communication device configured to display information at a time as a function of the time; a server configured to: receiving a first verification value from an image capturing device of a user, wherein the image capturing device obtains information displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment as a function of the moment by image capturing the optical communication device, and wherein the first verification value is obtained based on the information; inputting the time into a first function to obtain a second verification value; and judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to the first verification value and the second verification value, wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising: the optical communication device displaying information at a time as a function of the time; acquiring an image of the optical communication device by using an image acquisition device to obtain the information, and acquiring a first verification value based on the information; the server receives the first verification value from the image acquisition device; the server inputs the time into a first function to obtain a second verification value; and the server judges the authenticity of the optical communication device according to the first verification value and the second verification value, wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an anti-counterfeiting system for an optical communication device, comprising:
an optical communication apparatus configured to display, at a certain timing, information obtained by encrypting the timing; a server configured to: receiving a verification value from an image acquisition device of a user, wherein the image acquisition device acquires information, which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and obtained by encrypting the moment, by image acquisition of the optical communication device, and the verification value is obtained based on the information; performing a decryption algorithm on the verification value to obtain a decryption result; and analyzing the decryption result to judge the authenticity of the optical communication device, wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times.
Another aspect of the invention relates to an anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising: the optical communication device displays information obtained by encrypting a certain moment at the certain moment; acquiring an image of the optical communication device using an image acquisition apparatus to obtain the information, and obtaining a verification value based on the information; the server receives the verification value from the image acquisition device; performing a decryption algorithm on the verification value to obtain a decryption result; and analyzing the decryption result to judge the authenticity of the optical communication device, wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times.
The invention also provides an optical label anti-counterfeiting method based on the one-way hash function, which comprises the following steps,
step one, establishing a one-way hash function for optical label anti-counterfeiting in an authentication server, setting initial parameters of the one-way hash function, and carrying out security processing;
setting an authentication period and a starting point moment, and storing the authentication period and the starting point moment in a cursor sign controller together with a one-way hash function; the optical sign controller broadcasts an authentication period and a starting point moment to the outside;
starting from the starting time, obtaining an authentication time after each authentication period, obtaining an output signal at each authentication time by using a one-way hash function, and controlling the optical label to output and display the output signal at the corresponding authentication time by using the optical label controller;
thirdly, the user performs anti-counterfeiting verification when the optical label is collected through the mobile collection equipment;
firstly, looking up an authentication period and a starting point moment of public broadcasting;
then according to the authentication period and the starting time, taking the first authentication time after the current time of the optical label as the current authentication time, and acquiring the current output signal corresponding to the current authentication time;
finally, the current authentication time and the current output signal are sent to an authentication server for verification;
step four, the authentication server inputs the received current authentication time into a one-way hash function to obtain a current verification signal; if the current verification signal is the same as the received current output signal, the optical label collected by the user is legal, otherwise, the optical label collected by the user is illegal;
and step five, the authentication server sends the legal or illegal identification result of the optical label to the mobile acquisition equipment to finish the optical label anti-counterfeiting operation based on the one-way hash function.
Preferably, in the second step, the output signal is included in a frame output by the optical tag at the corresponding authentication time or in the frame.
Preferably, in the second step, the starting point time is recorded in a 24-hour system, including time, minute and second information.
An optical label anti-counterfeiting system based on a one-way hash function comprises,
the optical label controller is used for broadcasting the authentication period and the starting point moment to the outside, obtaining the authentication moment according to the authentication period and the starting point moment, and obtaining an output signal according to the authentication moment in a one-way hash function to control the output display of the optical label;
a mobile collecting device for looking up the authentication period and the starting time of the public broadcast, for collecting the optical label signal and recording the collecting time, and transmitting the recorded current authentication time and the collected current output signal to the authentication server,
the authentication server is used for storing the one-way hash function in a confidential mode; and obtaining a current verification signal according to the current authentication moment through a one-way hash function, comparing the current output signal with the current verification signal, if the current output signal is the same as the current verification signal, sending an optical label legal identification result to the mobile acquisition equipment, and otherwise, sending an optical label illegal identification result to the mobile acquisition equipment.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate an optical label suitable for use in the anti-counterfeiting method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates an optical label anti-counterfeiting system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of an anti-counterfeiting method according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a flow chart of an anti-counterfeiting method according to another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are used for explaining the present invention and not for limiting the present invention.
Optical labels communicate information by emitting different light, and the information communicated by optical labels may change over time. Fig. 1A shows an optical label suitable for the anti-counterfeiting method of the present invention, which includes a 9 × 9 array of light-emitting units, the array can be divided into a signal unit 1 as a data bit, a dynamic blinking positioning mark 2, a static positioning mark 3, and a blank bit 4, where the dynamic blinking positioning mark 2 is a larger square in the middle of the optical label (a 3 × 3 array of light-emitting units), the static positioning mark 3 is three larger frames (also a 3 × 3 array of light-emitting units) located at the corners of the optical label, and the dynamic blinking positioning mark 2 and the three static positioning marks 3 together form a set of positioning identifiers. Each signal cell 1 and each blank bit 4 may correspond to a light emitting cell.
In addition, although the optical label in the embodiment shown in fig. 1A employs the same array of light-emitting units, in some embodiments, light-emitting units with different sizes may be used (for example, a larger light-emitting unit is designed for a larger dynamic flashing positioning mark, and a smaller light-emitting unit is used for a smaller signal unit). In some embodiments, one signal unit may correspond to a plurality of light emitting units, for example, one signal unit itself may be constituted by an array of light emitting units. Similarly, one blank bit may also correspond to a plurality of light emitting cells. The light emitting unit may include a light emitting source therein, which may use various light emitting technologies, such as using LED lamps. The number of the light emitting sources in each light emitting unit may be one or more according to different use requirements.
The optical label can also comprise a controller, a battery or a power supply and the like, wherein the controller is used for controlling the light wave frequency and the flashing mode of the light-emitting source in the light-emitting unit, and the battery or the power supply provides energy for the controller and the light-emitting source. The controller can control each light-emitting unit independently, and can also control some of the light-emitting units uniformly, for example, the controller can control the light-emitting units of the dynamic flicker positioning mark 2 uniformly, control the light-emitting units of the static positioning mark 3 or parts thereof uniformly, and control the light-emitting units of the blank bits 4 uniformly.
In the operating state, the dynamic blinking positioning marker 2 may blink at a certain frequency, which may be a change of a property of the light. The property is any property that can be recognized by the optical imaging device, and may be, for example, a property that is perceivable to the human eye, such as the intensity, color, wavelength, etc. of light, or another property that is not perceivable to the human eye, such as the intensity, color, or wavelength change of electromagnetic wavelengths outside the visible range of the human eye, or any combination of the above properties. The change in the property of the light may be a change in a single property or a change in a combination of two or more properties. When selecting the intensity of the light as the property, the light source may simply be selected to be switched on or off. In the following, for simplicity, the light properties are changed by switching the light source on or off, but a person skilled in the art will understand that other ways for changing the light properties are also possible. Fig. 1B shows the optical label when the properties of the light emitted by the dynamic blinking positioning indicator 2 change.
In addition, the above definition of the properties applies equally to the static positioning identity 3, the blank bit 4 and the properties of the light emitted by the signal unit 1. It should be noted that the dynamic blinking positioning indicator 2, the static positioning indicator 3, the blank bit 4 and the signal unit 1 may work with different attributes, for example, the dynamic blinking positioning indicator 2 may implement blinking effects with different color transformations, and the signal unit 1 may use different light intensities to represent different information.
When the dynamic flickering positioning mark 2 flickers, multiple frames of images can be continuously collected through the optical imaging device, and the dynamic flickering positioning mark 2 can be quickly and accurately identified and the position of the dynamic flickering positioning mark can be determined by performing image difference on the collected multiple frames of images. After the dynamic blinking positioning markers 2 are identified, the exact position of the static positioning markers 3 can be further identified in their vicinity.
The static positioning markers 3 exhibit a fixed optical pattern during operation. The static positioning indicator 3 in one embodiment appears as a frame of a word-back, and the proportion of pixels of different attributes in the horizontal and vertical directions (black and white pixels in this embodiment) at its horizontal and vertical centerlines may be set to 1: 1. In addition, to more accurately determine the boundary of the static position mark 3 defined by black pixels, 4 blank bits made up of white pixels may be set in the optical label as shown in fig. 1A, which ensures that the pixel ratio of black and white of the static position mark 3 obeys 1: 1 whether scanned from the horizontal or vertical direction.
After the positions of the dynamic and static blinking positioning markers 2, 3 are determined, the positions of the individual signaling units 1 in the optical label can be determined by means of the positions of the dynamic and static blinking positioning markers 2, 3 for the purpose of data recognition or reading. The signal unit 1 is a small square light-emitting unit except for the dynamic flashing positioning mark 2, the static positioning mark 3 and the blank bit 4 in the optical label, or may be a part of the light-emitting units.
In addition, when the user photographs the optical label, it may not be facing the optical label, in which case there may be some distortion or deformation of the image of the optical label. These distortions or deformations may be taken into account in the identification of the optical labels based on the principle of perspective in optical imaging.
The light emitted by each signalling unit 1 may have a specific property, which as mentioned above may be any property that can be perceived by the optical imaging device, including properties that are not perceptible by the human eye. In one embodiment, "0" or "1" of binary digital information may be represented by controlling the turn-on and turn-off of the light emitting unit corresponding to each signal unit 1, so that all the signal units 1 in one frame of the picture of the optical label may be used to represent one binary digital information sequence. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, each signal unit 1 may be used to represent not only a binary number, but also ternary or larger data. For example, each signal unit 1 may be made to represent ternary or more data by setting the intensity of the light emitted by the light emitting unit to be selectable from three or more levels, or by setting the color of the light emitted by the light emitting unit to be selectable from three or more colors, even by using a combination of intensity and color, and other ways that are considered feasible by those skilled in the art.
In another embodiment, since the signal unit 1 in the optical tag can change the property of the light emitted by the signal unit at a certain frequency (which may be the same as or different from the flashing frequency of the dynamic flashing positioning mark 2), the optical tag can represent different data information, for example, different binary digital information sequences, at different times. Thus, when the optical imaging device is used to continuously capture an optical label (e.g., at a rate of 30 frames/second), each frame of the image can be used to represent a set of information sequences.
In the above embodiments, the optical label is schematically arranged as a 9 × 9 array formed by light emitting units, the dynamic blinking positioning indicators 2 therein are arranged as a larger square in the middle of the optical label (a 3 × 3 array formed by light emitting units), and the static positioning indicators 3 therein are arranged as three larger letter boxes at the corners of the optical label (also a 3 × 3 array formed by light emitting units), but those skilled in the art will understand that the shape and size of the optical label, etc., the size, shape, position, number, etc. of the dynamic blinking positioning indicators 2 and the static positioning indicators 3 are not limited to the above embodiments, but may be changed according to actual needs. For example, the optical labels may not be a 9 x 9 array, or even a square; the dynamic flicker positioning mark 2 may not only have one, but also may not be located in the middle of the optical label, and may not be a 3 × 3 array, or even a square; the static positioning markers 3 may not be three, may not be located at the corners of the optical label, may not be a 3 x 3 array, or even may not be square. In one embodiment, blank bits may be omitted in the optical label.
The optical label may be imaged using an optical imaging device or an image acquisition device as is common in the art. The optical imaging device or image acquisition device may comprise an image acquisition element, a processor, a memory, etc. The optical imaging device or the image capturing device may be, for example, an intelligent mobile terminal with a shooting function, including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, smart glasses, and the like, which may include an image capturing apparatus and an image processing module. A user finds the optical label by naked eyes within a range of sight distance from the optical label, and scans the optical label and carries out information capturing and interpretation processing by enabling the mobile terminal imaging sensor to face the optical label. The video capture frequency of the mobile terminal may be set to be greater than or equal to 2 times the light label blinking frequency. The process of identifying and decoding is finally completed by collecting video and image information shot in a camera of the mobile phone, transmitting an image frame into a memory of the mobile phone and using a processor to perform decoding operation. In one embodiment, to avoid duplication, omission, etc. of image frames, a sequence number, check bits, time stamps, etc. may be included in the information conveyed by the optical label. If desired, a start frame or an end frame, or both, may be provided in the plurality of image frames to indicate the start or end position of a complete cycle of the plurality of image frames, and the start frame or the end frame may be set to display a particular data combination, such as: all 0's or all 1's, or any particular combination that is not identical to the information that may actually be displayed.
Fig. 2 shows an optical label anti-counterfeiting system according to one embodiment of the invention, which comprises an optical label 30 and an authentication server 40. The optical label 30 typically includes a controller and a light source, and the controller is used to control the light source to emit different lights to transmit different information. The user 10 can use the image capture device 20 (e.g., a cell phone) to capture an image of the optical label 30 and authenticate the legitimacy of the optical label 30 through the authentication server 40. Image capture device 20 is typically equipped with communication capabilities.
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of an anti-counterfeiting method according to one embodiment of the invention. In the anti-counterfeiting method shown in fig. 3, a one-way hash function is used for illustration, but those skilled in the art will understand that other functions or other similar manners are also possible, and are not limited to the one-way hash function. As shown in fig. 3, the anti-counterfeiting method comprises the following steps.
Controller for optical label 30 at t 0 As a starting point, every time an integer number of time periods T has elapsed, the current authentication moment (step 301) is input into the function Hash () to get an output value (step 302).
The Hash () may be a pre-selected one-way Hash function with initial parameters set. The Hash () and initial parameter settings may be set to be private to the public. Presetting a time period T as an authentication period and presetting a starting point time T 0 ，T＞0，t 0 Can be any time of day, t 0 The recording format of (2) may be hh: mm: ss, instant: dividing into: and second. t is t 0 The + nT (n is a natural number) may be referred to as an authentication time. Thus, the possible authentication time may be preset. Thus, the triplet { Hash (), T, T } can be obtained 0 }. The triplet may be sent to the controller of the optical label 30 and the Hash () may be sent to the authentication server 40. In one embodiment, the triplet may also be sent to the authentication server 40. Triple { Hash (), T, T 0 Any one of them may be set manually and notified to the controller of the optical label 30 and the authentication server 40. In one embodiment, T may be compared to T 0 And releasing public people so as to be known by a user through public information inquiry. One way of presetting the possible authentication moments is described above, but it will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that any other feasible way may be used. In one embodiment, the controller of the optical label 30 may calculate in advance the output value to be displayed at the current authentication time before the current authentication time.
The output value obtained at step 302 may be displayed at the current authentication time as information conveyed by the optical label 30 or as part of the information (step 303). The optical label 30 is at each authentication time (t) 0 + nT) displayed information may be referred to asThe verification information may include a corresponding identification bit to indicate that the verification information is verification information, and may also include a corresponding authentication time. In one embodiment, the controller of the optical label 30 may advance the respective authentication time (t) in advance 0 + nT) is input into the Hash () to calculate in advance the output value to be displayed at each authentication time and display it at the corresponding authentication time as the information or part of the information delivered by the optical label 30. In another embodiment, rather than calculating the output value by the optical label 30 or its controller, the output value may be received from another device capable of communicating with the optical label 30 (e.g., a server for providing information to the optical label 30 for display) or receiving verification information for display.
Image capturing device 20 transmits the current authentication time t and first verification value X to authentication server 40 (step 306).
In one embodiment, image capture device 20 may not record the current authentication time t, or may not send the current authentication time t itself to authentication server 40, but may send other information that can be used to identify the current authentication time t. For example, image capture device 20 may transmit the generation time or transmission time of first verification value X together when transmitting the first verification value X to authentication server 40, so that authentication server 40 may identify the latest authentication time before the first verification value X as current authentication time t based on the generation time or transmission time of the first verification value X.
In another embodiment, image capturing device 20 may not send any information to authentication server 40 that can be used to identify the current authentication time t, but authentication server 40 may instead infer the current authentication time t based on the time at which the first verification value X was received. In this case, in order to avoid misjudgment and to take into account communication delay and possible time asynchrony, the authentication server 40 may select several authentication moments around the time of receiving the first verification value X. For example, the authentication server 40 may select two or more authentication instants before and one or several authentication instants after the time at which the first verification value X is received. In the absence of time dyssynchrony between the authentication server 40 and the optical label 30, the authentication server 40 may only select two or more authentication moments before the time of receipt of the first verification value X. These selected authentication moments may in turn be regarded as current authentication moments t to perform the steps described below. In the case where there are a plurality of candidate current authentication times t as described above, as long as the verification result of one of the candidate current authentication times t indicates that the optical label 30 is a legitimate optical label, the optical label 30 is considered to be a legitimate optical label.
The authentication server 40 inputs the current authentication time t to the same one-way Hash function Hash () as the image pickup device 20 (step 307), obtains an output value, and takes the output value as the second verification value Y (step 308). In one embodiment, in the case where the triplet is transmitted to the authentication server 40, the authentication server 40 may also calculate output values corresponding to respective authentication timings in advance.
By comparing the first verification value X with the second verification value Y, it can be determined whether the two are matched (step 309), if the two are matched, it can be determined that the optical label 30 is a legal optical label (a real optical label) (step 310), otherwise, it is determined that the optical label 30 is an illegal optical label (a counterfeit optical label) (step 311). In one embodiment, the first verification value X and the second verification value Y match each other means that they are the same. In other embodiments, it is not required that the first verification value X and the second verification value Y match each other (e.g., where the controller of the optical tag 30 uses the output value of the function Hash () as part of the information conveyed by the optical tag 30), as long as some predetermined relationship or association exists between the two. In another embodiment, the functions employed by the authentication server 40 and the optical label 30 may not be the same function, but two different functions associated with each other. To improve the overall security of the system, the authentication server 40 and the optical label 30 may replace their functions after a period of time has elapsed (e.g., in a periodic manner).
Fig. 4 shows a flow chart of an anti-counterfeiting method implemented by an encryption and decryption algorithm according to another embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, the anti-counterfeiting method may include the following steps.
The controller of the optical label 30 obtains the current authentication time instant (step 401) and inputs it into the encryption algorithm to obtain an output value (step 402).
The current authentication time is selected from a predetermined set of possible authentication times, which the optical label 30 knows. The possible authentication moments may be set in the manner described above, or in any other feasible manner. In step 402, in addition to using the current authentication time as an input to the encryption algorithm, other inputs may be further added, such as an identification number for uniquely identifying the optical label 30.
The output value obtained at step 302 may be displayed as the information conveyed by the optical label 30, or as part of this information, at the current authentication moment (step 403). The information displayed by the optical label 30 at each authentication time may be referred to as verification information, and may include a corresponding identification bit to indicate that it is verification information. In one embodiment, the controller of the optical tag 30 may input each authentication time into the encryption algorithm in advance to calculate in advance an output value to be displayed at each authentication time and display the output value as information or a part of the information delivered by the optical tag 30 at the corresponding authentication time. In another embodiment, rather than calculating the output value by the optical label 30 or its controller, the output value may be received from another device capable of communicating with the optical label 30 (e.g., a server for providing information to the optical label 30 for display) or receiving verification information for display.
Image capture device 20 sends the first verification value X to authentication server 40 (step 405).
The authentication server 40 performs a decryption algorithm on the first verification value X to obtain a decryption result (step 406).
The authentication server 40 analyzes the decryption result to judge the authenticity of the optical label 30 (step 407). For example, if the time of day information obtained from the decryption result by the authentication server 40 satisfies a predetermined criterion, it can be determined that the optical label 30 is authentic. The predetermined criterion may be set differently according to actual situations, security levels, etc., and for example, the predetermined criterion may be: the difference between the time obtained from the decryption result and the current time of the authentication server 40 should be less than a predetermined threshold; alternatively, the difference between the time obtained from the decryption result and the current time of the authentication server 40 should be less than a predetermined threshold and the time should belong to a possible authentication time (in case the authentication server 40 also knows the possible authentication time); alternatively, the difference between the time obtained from the decryption result and the current time of the authentication server 40 should be less than a predetermined threshold and before the current time (in case there is no significant time-out-of-sync between the authentication server 40 and the optical label 30); and so on. If the authentication server 40 can obtain the time information from the decryption result, but the time does not satisfy the predetermined criterion, the authentication server 40 may consider that, for example, a replay attack has occurred, and determine that the optical label 30 is counterfeit. If the input to the encryption algorithm in step 402 also includes an identification number for uniquely identifying the optical label 30, the authentication server 40 can know which optical label 30 is being counterfeited. If the authentication server 40 cannot obtain any time information from the decryption result, it can directly judge that the optical label 30 is counterfeit. To improve the overall security of the system, the authentication server 40 and the optical label 30 may replace their decryption and encryption functions after a period of time has elapsed (e.g., in a periodic manner).
The above-described encryption and decryption based embodiments may use a public key cryptosystem or other cryptosystems known to those skilled in the art.
In a preferred embodiment, the clock of the optical label 30 in the anti-counterfeiting system of the present invention can be calibrated in various feasible ways, for example, the clock of the optical label 30 can be calibrated manually after a period of time, or the optical label 30 can receive a standard time so that automatic calibration can be performed.
In another preferred embodiment, some of the information transmitted by the optical label 30 may include time information, and the image capturing device of the user may transmit the time information to the authentication server 40 together with the identification information of the optical label 30, so that the authentication server 40 may know the error between the clock of the optical label 30 and the clock of the authentication server 40 or the standard clock, and record the error value to correct the asynchronization between the clock of the authentication server 40 and the clock of the optical label 30, thereby achieving the purpose of synchronizing the clocks. When the authentication server 40 receives an authentication request (including identification information of the optical tag 30) from a user, the authentication server 40 may calculate a clock error between the optical tag 30 and the authentication server 40 at the time by combining an error attribute of a clock of the optical tag 30 (for example, the clock error of the optical tag 30 is 1 second every 24 hours) according to a time difference between a current request time and a last time when the authentication server 40 and the optical tag 30 correct the time. In case the authentication server 40 knows the error of the clock of the optical label 30 at any moment, for the anti-counterfeiting scheme shown in fig. 3, the authentication server 40 may suitably select one or more possible authentication moments based on the error and optionally taking into account communication delays, time periods T, etc. For example, in the case where the authentication server 40 selects several authentication moments around the time of receiving the first verification value X as described above, the authentication server 40 may adjust the time of receiving the first verification value X based on the error and then select one or more possible authentication moments based on the adjusted reception time, optionally taking into account communication delays, time periods T, etc. Similarly, for the anti-counterfeiting scheme shown in fig. 4, based on the error, and optionally taking into account communication delay, time period T, and the like, the authentication server 40 can appropriately set the predetermined criterion that it should satisfy for the time obtained from the decryption result. For example, in a case where the predetermined criterion is that the difference between the time obtained from the decryption result and the current time of the authentication server 40 should be smaller than a predetermined threshold (i.e., the time obtained from the decryption result should fall within a certain time interval), the authentication server 40 may shift the time interval based on the error, thereby achieving a more accurate determination. In one embodiment, the anti-counterfeiting method of the present invention may be performed automatically when a user uses image capture device 20 to perform continuous image capture of optical label 30, without the user even being aware that he is authenticating optical label 30. When the authentication is successful, the user may not be prompted any more, and when the authentication fails, the user may be prompted that the optical label 30 is counterfeit.
The anti-counterfeiting method of the invention can be applied not only to the optical label shown in fig. 1A, but also to other optical labels (or light sources) capable of transmitting information as long as the information transmitted by the optical label can change with time. For example, the anti-counterfeiting method of the present invention can be applied to a light source (such as the device described in chinese patent publication CN 104168060A) that transmits information through different stripes based on the rolling shutter effect of CMOS. In addition, the anti-counterfeiting method of the invention can also be applied to an array of optical labels (or light sources) as long as the information transmitted by the array can change over time.
In the above-described forgery prevention method, the optical label 30 is used at any authentication time (t) 0 + nT) may be completely presented in one display of the optical label 30 (i.e., may be included in one frame of image of the optical label 30 captured by the image capturing device 20), or may be presented sequentially in multiple displays of the optical label 30. For example, for certain kinds of optical labels or arrays thereof, the amount of information it delivers in each display may not be sufficient to cover the entire output value of the function Hash (), in which case the output value may be presented sequentially in multiple displays starting at the moment of authentication (i.e. the verification information is delivered by successive multiple displays of the optical label). And the user may continuously collect, through the image collecting device 20, a plurality of frames of images of the optical label from the authentication time, and obtain corresponding verification information based on the plurality of frames of images. In order to identify the check information, corresponding identification bits may also be included in the multi-frame image, or some frames may be selected as identification frames. Therefore, the "information displayed at a certain time" mentioned throughout the present application does not only mean information displayed at the right time, but may also be a series of information displayed from the time.
One specific application example of the anti-counterfeiting method of the invention is as follows:
the mall M issues information of the goods through the optical label L. The market M selects the MD5 algorithm as a one-way function, the selected time period is 5 seconds, and the starting time is 00: 00: 00, obtaining a triplet { MD 5; 5,00: 00: 00, sending the triple to the optical label L, and sending the MD5 algorithm to the authentication server; simultaneously (5, 00: 00: 00) is disclosed to people; optical label L is labeled with 00: 00: 00 is the starting point, the current time is used as input every 5 seconds, and the input is input into an MD5 algorithm to obtain an output value; the optical label L displays the output value of the MD5 as a frame of optical label at corresponding time; 12: 30: at 33, customer G wants to purchase the item through optical label L, but doubts exist about the authenticity of optical label L; the customer G acquires the distance 12: 30: 33 closest, satisfying the time from start 00: 00: 00 is a time that is an integer multiple of 5 seconds: 12: 30: reference numeral 35 denotes an authentication time, 3428942978 is read as frame data displayed at this time L, and the acquisition time 12: 30: 35 and 3428942978 are sent together to the authentication server S; the authentication server S receives (12: 30: 35, 3428942978), sends 12: 30: if the 35 input MD5 has an output of 3428942978 and the result matches the result sent by H, the user G is notified that the optical label L is a legitimate optical label for the merchant M, and authentication is completed.
The attacker does not know the one-way function and the initial parameters used by the M, so that the authentication frame cannot be forged; and the authentication frame is time-varying, so that the replay attack of an attacker can be resisted.
Reference in the specification to "various embodiments," "some embodiments," "one embodiment," or "an embodiment," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in various embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in one embodiment," or "in an embodiment," or the like, in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Thus, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic illustrated or described in connection with one embodiment may be combined, in whole or in part, with a feature, structure, or characteristic of one or more other embodiments without limitation, as long as the combination is not logical or operational.
In the present application, for clarity of explanation, some illustrative operational steps are described in a certain order, but one skilled in the art will appreciate that each of these operational steps is not essential and some of them may be omitted or replaced by others. It is also not necessary that these operations be performed sequentially in the manner shown, but rather that some of these operations be performed in a different order, or in parallel, as desired, provided that the new implementation is not logical or functional. In addition, the information transmitted or received in the present invention can be appropriately encrypted according to actual needs. Accordingly, a component involved in the transmission or reception of encrypted information may have a corresponding encryption/decryption module.
Having thus described several aspects of at least one embodiment of this invention, it is to be appreciated various alterations, modifications, and improvements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Such alterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. An anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising:
receiving a first verification value from an image acquisition device of a user, wherein the image acquisition device acquires information which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and depends on the moment through image acquisition of the optical communication device, wherein the moment is one of preset possible authentication moments, and the possible authentication moment is t 0 + nT, where n is a natural number, t 0 Is a preset starting point time, T is a preset authentication period, and the information is obtained by the following steps: the optical communication apparatus inputs the time into a second function to obtain an output value, and obtains information to be displayed at the time based on the output value, the information including at least the output value, and wherein the first verification value is the output value included in the information;
determining an authentication time corresponding to the first verification value according to the information which is received from the image acquisition equipment and can be used for identifying the time or based on the time when the first verification value is received from the image acquisition equipment;
inputting the determined authentication time into a first function to obtain a second verification value; and
judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to whether the first verification value and the second verification value are matched;
wherein the first function and the second function are the same function or two different functions having a predetermined relationship or association between each other.
2. The anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 1, wherein judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to the first verification value and the second verification value comprises:
comparing the first verification value and the second verification value to determine whether the two are matched; and
and if the two are matched, judging that the optical communication device is real.
3. The anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 1,
determining an authentication time corresponding to the first verification value based on the time at which the first verification value was received from the image capture device comprises: selecting a number of possible authentication instants around a time at which the first verification value is received from the image acquisition device based on the time;
inputting the determined authentication time into the first function to obtain the second verification value comprises: inputting the possible authentication moments into a first function respectively to obtain a corresponding second verification value;
determining authenticity of the optical communication device based on the first verification value and the second verification value comprises: and if any one of the second verification values is matched with the first verification value, judging that the optical communication device is real.
4. The anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 1, wherein selecting a number of possible authentication moments around a time at which the first verification value is received from the image capturing device comprises:
two or more possible authentication moments before the time are selected.
5. An anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 1, wherein the second function is the same as the first function.
6. An anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising:
receiving a verification value from an image acquisition device of a user, wherein the image acquisition device acquires an image of the optical communication device to obtain information which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and obtained by encrypting the moment, and the information is obtained by the following steps: the optical communication device regards the time as a current authentication time, encrypts the current authentication time to obtain an output value, and obtains information to be displayed at the time based on the output value, wherein the information at least comprises the output value, and the verification value is the output value contained in the information;
performing a decryption algorithm on the verification value to obtain a decryption result; and
acquiring time information from the decryption result, and determining whether the time information satisfies a predetermined criterion by comparing the time information with the current time to determine whether the optical communication apparatus is authentic,
wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times, wherein the possible authentication time is t 0 + nT, where n is a natural number, t 0 Is a preset starting point time, and T is a preset authentication period.
7. The anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 6, wherein the judging of authenticity of the optical communication device comprises:
judging whether time information can be obtained from the decryption result; and
and judging whether the difference between the time information and the current time meets a preset standard or not.
8. A server comprising a memory and a processor configured to execute instructions stored on the memory for implementing the anti-counterfeiting method of any one of claims 1-7.
9. An anti-counterfeiting method for an optical communication device, comprising:
using an image acquisition device to acquire an image of the optical communication device to obtain information which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and depends on the moment, wherein the moment is one of preset possible authentication moments, and the possible authentication moment is t 0 + nT, where n is a natural number, t 0 Is a preset starting point time, T is a preset authentication period, wherein the information depending on the time is information which is a function of the time or information obtained by encrypting the time;
obtaining a verification value based on the information;
sending the verification value to a server for verification;
receiving a verification result from the server;
wherein the verification result is obtained by the server through the following steps:
determining an authentication time corresponding to a first verification value according to information which can be used for identifying the time and is received from the image acquisition equipment or based on the time when the first verification value is received from the image acquisition equipment;
inputting the determined authentication time into another function which is the same as the function or has a predetermined relationship or association to obtain a second verification value; and
judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to whether the first verification value and the second verification value are matched;
or, the verification result is obtained by the server through the following steps:
performing a decryption algorithm on the verification value to obtain a decryption result; and
and acquiring time information from the decryption result, and comparing the time information with the current time to judge whether the time information meets a preset standard or not so as to determine the authenticity of the optical communication device.
10. The anti-counterfeiting method according to claim 9, further comprising:
transmitting the time of day to the server, wherein the time of day and the verification value are used by the server for verification.
11. An image acquisition device comprising an image acquisition element, a processor and a memory, the memory having stored therein a computer program which, when executed by the processor, is operable to implement the anti-counterfeiting method according to any one of claims 9 to 10.
12. An optical communication device comprising:
a light source; and
a controller configured to:
obtaining an output value based on a time, including inputting the time into a function to obtain the output value, or encrypting the time to obtain the output value;
obtaining information to be displayed by the optical communication apparatus at the time based on the output value; and
controlling the light source to display the information at the time, the information including the output value,
wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times, wherein the possible authentication time is t 0 + nT, where n is a natural number, t 0 Is a preset starting point moment, and T is a preset authentication period;
after the information displayed by the light source at the moment is acquired by image acquisition of the optical communication device through the image acquisition equipment, the authenticity of the optical communication device is judged through the following steps:
determining an authentication time corresponding to the output value according to the time for acquiring the output value;
inputting the determined authentication time into a corresponding function to obtain a verification value; and
judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to whether the output value is matched with the verification value;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
performing a decryption algorithm on the output value to obtain a decryption result; and
and acquiring time information from the decryption result, and comparing the time information with the current time to judge whether the time information meets a preset standard or not so as to determine the authenticity of the optical communication device.
13. An anti-counterfeiting system for an optical communication device, comprising:
an optical communication device configured to display, at a certain time, information depending on the time;
a server configured to:
receiving a first verification value from an image acquisition device of a user, wherein the image acquisition device acquires information which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and depends on the moment through image acquisition of the optical communication device, wherein the moment is one of preset possible authentication moments, and the possible authentication moment is t 0 + nT, where n is a natural number, t 0 Is a preset starting point time, T is a preset authentication period, and the information is obtained by the following steps: the optical communication apparatus inputs the time to a second function to obtain an output value, and obtains information to be displayed at the time based on the output value, the information including at least the output value, and wherein the first verification value is the output value included in the information;
determining an authentication time corresponding to the first verification value according to the information which is received from the image acquisition equipment and can be used for identifying the time or based on the time when the first verification value is received from the image acquisition equipment;
inputting the determined authentication time into a first function to obtain a second verification value; and
judging the authenticity of the optical communication device according to whether the first verification value and the second verification value are matched;
wherein the first function and the second function are the same function or two different functions having a predetermined relationship or association between each other.
14. An anti-counterfeiting system for an optical communication device, comprising:
an optical communication apparatus configured to display, at a certain timing, information obtained by encrypting the timing; the information is obtained by: the optical communication device takes the time as the current authentication time, encrypts the time to obtain an output value, and obtains information to be displayed at the time based on the output value, wherein the information at least comprises the output value;
a server configured to:
receiving a verification value from an image acquisition device of a user, wherein the image acquisition device acquires an image of the optical communication device to obtain information, which is displayed by the optical communication device at a certain moment and obtained by encrypting the moment, and the verification value is the output value contained in the information;
performing a decryption algorithm on the verification value to obtain a decryption result; and
acquiring time information from the decryption result, and determining whether the time information satisfies a predetermined criterion by comparing the time information with the current time to determine whether the optical communication apparatus is authentic,
wherein the time is one of preset possible authentication times, wherein the possible authentication time is t 0 + nT, where n is a natural number, t 0 Is a preset starting point time, and T is a preset authentication period.
15. The anti-counterfeiting system according to claim 14, wherein the determining the authenticity of the optical communication device comprises:
judging whether time information can be obtained from the decryption result; and
and judging whether the difference between the time information and the current time meets a preset standard or not.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2016107859299 | 2016-08-30 | ||
| CN201610785929.9A CN106330461B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of optical label method for anti-counterfeit and system based on one-way hash function |
| PCT/CN2017/099635 WO2018041131A1 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | Anti-counterfeiting method and system for optical communication device |
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| CN109792387A CN109792387A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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| CN201780051636.0A Active CN109792387B (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | Anti-counterfeiting method and system for optical communication device |
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| CN109934319B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-06-15 | 陕西外号信息技术有限公司 | Optical communication device and corresponding anti-counterfeiting method and system |
| CN109934032B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-07-24 | 陕西外号信息技术有限公司 | Optical communication device and corresponding anti-counterfeiting method and system |
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| CN106330461A (en) | 2017-01-11 |
| WO2018041131A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
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