CN109787260B - Energy storage system control method and system for smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation - Google Patents
Energy storage system control method and system for smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for controlling an energy storage system with smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment; predicting the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation at each predicted time in a preset time period at the current time, and respectively calculating the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at two adjacent predicted times; judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset specified limits or not to obtain a judgment result; and determining a corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result, and determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the determined calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation. The invention can adjust the state of charge of the energy storage battery in a rolling manner, thereby relieving the problem of insufficient adjusting capability of the energy storage battery and reducing the out-of-limit probability of photovoltaic power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, in particular to a method and a system for controlling an energy storage system with smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation.
Background
In a power system, distributed photovoltaic has the advantages of being easy to consume on site, less limited by sites and the like. However, the photovoltaic power generation is greatly influenced by weather, the photovoltaic power generation may generate large power fluctuation in a short time, especially the weather conditions of power distribution networks in the same region are similar, and the superposition effect of a large number of distributed photovoltaic power generation short-time fluctuation can cause large impact on a power grid.
Therefore, an energy storage system control method for smoothing short-term fluctuation of distributed photovoltaic power generation is needed, and the energy storage system is used for control so as to smooth the problem of short-term fluctuation of distributed photovoltaic power generation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy storage system control method and system for smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation, and aims to solve the problem of how to control an energy storage system to smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation.
In order to solve the above problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy storage system control method for smoothing short-term fluctuation of distributed photovoltaic power generation, the method comprising:
calculating the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment by using a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
predicting the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation at each predicted time in a preset time period at the current time, and respectively calculating the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at two adjacent predicted times by using the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset specified limits or not to obtain a judgment result;
and determining a corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result, and determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the determined calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation.
Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount calculation formula is:
Pflu＝Ppv(t)-Ppv(t-1)，
wherein, PfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; ppv(t) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; ppvAnd (t-1) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at the moment t-1.
Preferably, the determining whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current time and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset regulation limits includes:
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value;
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; and
and when the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is larger than the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value and smaller than the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount, judging whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount or not.
Preferably, the determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result includes:
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, the calculation mode for determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(Pflu-Pfmax,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(|Pflu-Pfmax|,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount or not is judged, the calculation mode of determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage predicted action state of the energy storage system;
wherein, Pe(t) is the output power of the energy storage system at the current moment t; pfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; pfmaxand-PfmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; pemaxand-PemaxThe upper limit and the lower limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system are respectively.
Preferably, the determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value of the energy storage system and the predicted action state of the energy storage system comprises:
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is11 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOC(t)-SOCup)Ee/Δt，PEmax),
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is10 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOClow-SOC(t))Ee/Δt,PEmax),
under other conditions, determining the output power of the energy storage system to be 0;
wherein, SOC (t) is the state of charge value of the energy storage system at the time t; SOCupAnd SOClowRespectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge limit value of the energy storage system; eeIs the energy storage system capacity; a Δ t time interval; s1And S2Predicting an action state for stored energy; s1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2The state value of the moment of charging or discharging the energy storage system in the whole prediction period T is obtained; pEmaxIs the upper limit of the output power limit of the energy storage system.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises:
if the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount containing the prediction time in the whole preset time period exceeds the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely a certain prediction time t in the preset time periodiIs the first threshold value and exceeds the upper limit P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit valuefmaxThen determine S 11 is ═ 1; if the lower limit-P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value is exceededfmaxThen determine S1＝0；
If the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at all the prediction moments in the whole preset time period does not exceed the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely the energy storage system does not act, S is determined2＝1。
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an energy storage system control system for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation, the system comprising:
the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit at the current moment is used for calculating the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment by using a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit is used for predicting the photovoltaic power generation power of each predicted time in a preset time period at the current time, and calculating the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amounts of two adjacent predicted times by using the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset specified limits or not so as to obtain a judging result;
and the energy storage system output power determining unit determines a corresponding calculation mode of the energy storage system output power according to the judgment result, and determines the output power of the energy storage system according to the determined calculation mode of the energy storage system output power so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation.
Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount calculation formula is:
Pflu＝Ppv(t)-Ppv(t-1)，
wherein, PfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; ppv(t) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; ppvAnd (t-1) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at the moment t-1.
Preferably, the determining unit determines whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current time and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset predetermined limit values, and includes:
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value;
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; and
and when the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is larger than the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value and smaller than the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount, judging whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount or not.
Preferably, the determining unit of the output power of the energy storage system, which determines the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result, includes:
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, the calculation mode for determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(Pflu-Pfmax,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(|Pflu-Pfmax|,PEmax),
when the judgment result indicates that whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount or not is judged, the calculation mode of determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage predicted action state of the energy storage system;
wherein, Pe(t) is the output power of the energy storage system at the current moment t; pfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; pfmaxand-PfmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; pemaxand-PemaxThe upper limit and the lower limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system are respectively.
Preferably, the determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value of the energy storage system and the predicted action state of the energy storage system comprises:
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is11 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOC(t)-SOCup)Ee/Δt,PEmax),
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is10 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOClow-SOC(t))Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
under other conditions, determining the output power of the energy storage system to be 0;
wherein, SOC (t) is the state of charge value of the energy storage system at the time t; SOCupAnd SOClowRespectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge limit value of the energy storage system; eeIs the energy storage system capacity; a Δ t time interval; s1And S2Predicting an action state for stored energy; s1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2For the whole prediction period T, storing energyA state value at the time of charging or discharging; pEmaxIs the upper limit of the output power limit of the energy storage system.
Preferably, wherein the system further comprises: an energy storage prediction action state determination unit for
If the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount containing the prediction time in the whole preset time period exceeds the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely a certain prediction time t in the preset time periodiIs the first threshold value and exceeds the upper limit P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit valuefmaxThen determine S 11 is ═ 1; if the lower limit-P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value is exceededfmaxThen determine S1＝0；
If the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at all the prediction moments in the whole preset time period does not exceed the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely the energy storage system does not act, S is determined2＝1。
The invention provides an energy storage system control method and system for smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation, which comprises the following steps: calculating the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment by using a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula; predicting the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation at each predicted time in a preset time period at the current time, and respectively calculating the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at two adjacent predicted times; judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset specified limits or not to obtain a judgment result; and determining a corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result, and determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the determined calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation. When the energy storage system does not need to fluctuate smoothly, whether the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to be adjusted or not is judged according to the ultra-short-term prediction of the distributed photovoltaic power generation, and the process can be repeated at each moment; on the basis of not influencing the fluctuation effect of smooth photovoltaic power generation, the state of charge of the energy storage battery can be adjusted in a rolling mode, so that the problem of insufficient adjusting capacity of the energy storage battery is solved, and the out-of-limit probability of photovoltaic power generation is reduced.
Drawings
A more complete understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be had by reference to the following drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an energy storage system control method 100 for smoothing short term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of control using an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating scrolling for ultra-short term prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-energy storage system cogeneration according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic of a photovoltaic-energy storage system combined process for two processes;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of process fluctuations for a photovoltaic-energy storage system for two methods;
FIG. 7 is a schematic of the state of charge of the energy storage cell for two methods; and
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system control system 800 for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an energy storage system control method 100 for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, in the energy storage system control method for smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when the energy storage system does not need smooth fluctuation, it is determined whether the state of charge of the energy storage system needs to be adjusted according to the ultra-short-term prediction of distributed photovoltaic power generation, and the process can be repeated at each time; on the basis of not influencing the fluctuation effect of smooth photovoltaic power generation, the state of charge of the energy storage battery can be adjusted in a rolling mode, so that the problem of insufficient adjusting capacity of the energy storage battery is solved, and the out-of-limit probability of photovoltaic power generation is reduced. The energy storage system control method 100 for smooth distributed photovoltaic power generation short-term fluctuation provided by the embodiment of the invention starts from step 101, and calculates the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment by using a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount calculation formula in step 101.
Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount calculation formula is:
Pflu＝Ppv(t)-Ppv(t-1)，
wherein, PfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; ppv(t) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; ppvAnd (t-1) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at the moment t-1.
Preferably, in step 102, at the current time, the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation at each predicted time in the preset time period is predicted, and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amounts at two adjacent predicted times are respectively calculated by using the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula.
In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the determining the photovoltaic power fluctuation amount includes: the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the time t and the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the predicted time.
Firstly, a sampling time interval, a prediction period, the capacity of an energy storage system, an energy storage output power limit value, an energy storage system SOC limit value, the power generation power of photovoltaic power generation at the time t and the time t-1 and a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value are determined.
The sampling time interval of the control method of the invention is denoted by deltat. The prediction period is denoted by T. Capacity of the energy storage system using EeRepresents; the upper limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system is PemaxRepresents, with the lower limit-PemaxIt is shown that the energy storage output power limit is determined by the energy storage device (converter), and the system output power cannot exceed the rated power of the converter. SOC (state of charge) for upper limit of SOC limit value of energy storage systemupIndicating, lower limit SOClowAnd (4) showing. P for output power of photovoltaic system at time tpv(t) the output power at time t-1 is represented by Ppv(t-1). Photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit upper limit PfmaxRepresents, with the lower limit-PfmaxAnd (4) showing.
And (4) obtaining the photovoltaic fluctuation power quantity at the time t by taking the difference between the photovoltaic power generation power at the time t and the photovoltaic power generation power at the time t-1.
For the generated power fluctuation amount at the prediction time, the photovoltaic generated power in the prediction period T needs to be predicted at the time T, and the difference value of the photovoltaic generated power fluctuation amounts at two adjacent prediction times is respectively calculated to obtain the generated power fluctuation amount at the prediction time.
At present, a mature prediction algorithm is available, and the photovoltaic power generation power can be predicted according to weather information (illumination intensity, temperature and the like), so that how to predict is not considered in the scope of the patent.
For example, starting from time T, one prediction period T includes: t +1, t +2, …, and t +6, and six prediction moments (time interval is Δ t), then 6 predicted photovoltaic power generation powers can be obtained, and then the difference between the photovoltaic power generation powers at two adjacent prediction moments is calculated according to a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula by using the obtained 6 predicted photovoltaic power generation powers to obtain a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount, which is also 6 values.
Preferably, in step 103, it is determined whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current time and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset prescribed limits, so as to obtain a determination result.
Preferably, the determining whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current time and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset regulation limits includes:
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value;
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; and
and when the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is larger than the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value and smaller than the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount, judging whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount or not.
Preferably, in step 104, a corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system is determined according to the judgment result, and the output power of the energy storage system is determined according to the determined calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system, so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation.
Preferably, the determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result includes:
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, the calculation mode for determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(Pflu-Pfmax,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(|Pflu-Pfmax|,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount or not is judged, the calculation mode of determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage predicted action state of the energy storage system;
wherein, Pe(t) is the output power of the energy storage system at the current moment t; pfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; pfmaxand-PfmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; pemaxand-PemaxThe upper limit and the lower limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system are respectively.
Preferably, the determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value of the energy storage system and the predicted action state of the energy storage system comprises:
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is11 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOC(t)-SOCup)Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is10 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOClow-SOC(t))Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
under other conditions, determining the output power of the energy storage system to be 0;
wherein, SOC (t) is the state of charge value of the energy storage system at the time t; SOCupAnd SOClowRespectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge limit value of the energy storage system; eeIs the energy storage system capacity; a Δ t time interval; s1And S2Predicting an action state for stored energy; s1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2The state value of the moment of charging or discharging the energy storage system in the whole prediction period T is obtained; pEmaxIs the upper limit of the output power limit of the energy storage system.
Preferably, wherein the method further comprises:
if the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount containing the prediction time in the whole preset time period exceeds the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely a certain prediction time t in the preset time periodiIs the first threshold value and exceeds the upper limit P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit valuefmaxThen determine S 11 is ═ 1; if the lower limit-P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value is exceededfmaxThen determine S1＝0；
If the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at all the prediction moments in the whole preset time period does not exceed the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely the energy storage system does not act, S is determined2＝1。
In the embodiment of the invention, when the output power of the energy storage system is determined to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation, a flow of the control by the energy storage system is specifically shown in fig. 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if the judgment result indicates that P is satisfiedflu＞PfmaxThe output power P of the energy storage system at the moment te(t) is:
Pe(t)＝min(Pflu-Pfmax,PEmax)
if the judgment result indicates that P is satisfiedflu＜-PfmaxAnd then the output power of the energy storage system is as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(|Pflu-Pfmax|,PEmax)
if the judgment result indicates that-P is satisfiedfmax＜Pflu＜PfmaxAnd determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the energy storage SOC value and the energy storage prediction action state.
Wherein, Pe(t) is the output power of the energy storage system at the current moment t; pfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; pfmaxand-PfmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; pemaxand-PemaxThe upper limit and the lower limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system are respectively.
When necessary, the operation is predicted according to the energy storage SOC value and the energy storageWhen the output power of the energy storage system is determined by the state, if the SOC (t) is satisfied, the SOCup is greater, and S is greater than11 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOC(t)-SOCup)Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
if SOC (t) > SOC is satisfiedupAnd S is10 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOClow-SOC(t)Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
in other cases, the energy storage system output power is determined to be 0.
Wherein, SOC (t) is the state of charge value of the energy storage system at the time t; SOCupAnd SOClowRespectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge limit value of the energy storage system; eeIs the energy storage system capacity; a Δ t time interval; s1And S2Predicting an action state for stored energy; s1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2The state value of the moment of charging or discharging the energy storage system in the whole prediction period T is obtained; PEmax is the upper limit of the energy storage system output power limit.
Predicting the operating state of stored energy using S, S1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2And predicting the state value of the energy storage system at the charging or discharging moment in the whole prediction period T. If a certain predicted time tiHas a first threshold value and exceeds an upper limit PfmaxThen S is11 is ═ 1; if the lower limit-P is exceededfmaxThen S is10; if the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at all the prediction moments in the whole preset time period does not exceed the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely the energy storage system does not act, S is determined2＝1。
The invention can determine the output power of the energy storage system through rolling prediction. Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of rolling ultra-short term prediction, which specifically includes the following steps: (1) at the moment T, predicting the photovoltaic power generation power in the prediction period T, respectively calculating the fluctuation values of the predicted values of two adjacent sampling points, judging whether the fluctuation values exceed the specified limit value or not, and feeding back the judgment result; (2) calculating the output power of the energy storage system at the moment according to the control flow shown in fig. 2 according to the feedback value predicted in the ultra-short period; (3) repeating steps (1) and (2) at the next time instant t +1, and repeating the above two steps as scrolling forward in time.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-energy storage system cogeneration according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of a case of the combined operation of the energy storage system and the photovoltaic power generation system, the energy storage system is in a non-operating state in a normal state, when the fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation power exceeds a maximum threshold, the energy storage system is charged, and when the fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation power exceeds a minimum threshold, the energy storage system is discharged, so that the fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation power is smoothed by the energy storage system.
Comparing the conventional control method with the control method provided by the present invention, a photovoltaic-energy storage combined output curve as shown in fig. 5 can be obtained, where the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is photovoltaic-energy storage combined output. The Method 1 is a photovoltaic-energy storage combined output curve obtained by the control Method of the embodiment of the invention, and the Method 2 is a curve obtained by a traditional control Method. It can be seen that under the condition that the fluctuation range of the photovoltaic power generation power does not exceed the limit value, the curves obtained by the two methods are the same, and in the dotted rectangle, when the fluctuation range of the photovoltaic power generation power is larger, the dotted line and the straight line waveform are obviously different.
Fig. 6 is a fluctuation range curve of the photovoltaic power of the two methods, and the vertical axis is a per unit value of the fluctuation range of the photovoltaic power. As shown in fig. 6, in the two dotted rectangles below the graph, the star-drawn curve exceeds 10%, and the dotted curve does not exceed 10%, which indicates that the method provided by the present invention can more effectively limit the photovoltaic power fluctuation within a reasonable range. In the upper two dotted rectangles, the star-marked line and the dotted line curve both exceed 10%, but the value of the star-marked line curve is smaller than that of the dotted line curve, which shows that when both methods exceed the fluctuation limit, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can fluctuate less than the conventional method.
Fig. 7 is a graph comparing the state of charge (SoC) curves for the two methods. In the figure, three arrows mark a dotted curve, at the time marked by the arrows, the energy storage system needs to discharge to improve the photovoltaic power, and the state of charge of the energy storage battery is reduced, however, for the dotted curve, because the state of charge is at the minimum value of 0.1, the battery cannot output electric energy, and the energy storage system cannot output power to smooth the photovoltaic power fluctuation. For the star-drawn line curve, when the state of charge of the energy storage system reaches the minimum value, the state of charge of the energy storage battery is restored to a state capable of being adjusted due to adjustment of the star-drawn line curve.
The invention can adjust the charge state of the energy storage battery in a rolling manner on the basis of not influencing the fluctuation effect of smooth photovoltaic power generation, thereby relieving the problem of insufficient regulation capability of the energy storage battery and reducing the out-of-limit probability of photovoltaic power generation.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system control system 800 for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the energy storage system control system 800 for smoothing short-term fluctuation of distributed photovoltaic power generation according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a current-time photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit 801, a predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit 802, a judgment unit 803 and an energy storage system output power determination unit 804.
Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit 801 is configured to calculate the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current time by using a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula.
Preferably, the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount calculation formula is:
Pflu＝Ppv(t)-Ppv(t-1)，
wherein, PfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; ppv(t) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; ppvAnd (t-1) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at the moment t-1.
Preferably, the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit 802 is configured to predict the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation at each predicted time in a preset time period at the current time, and calculate the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amounts at two adjacent predicted times by using the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula.
Preferably, the determining unit 803 is configured to determine whether the photovoltaic power fluctuation amount at the current time and the predicted photovoltaic power fluctuation amount exceed preset specified limits, so as to obtain a determination result.
Preferably, the determining unit 803, which determines whether the photovoltaic power fluctuation amount at the current time and the predicted photovoltaic power fluctuation amount exceed preset regulation limits, includes: judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; and when the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is larger than the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value and smaller than the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount, judging whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount or not.
Preferably, the energy storage system output power determining unit 804 determines a corresponding calculation mode of the energy storage system output power according to the judgment result, and determines the output power of the energy storage system according to the determined calculation mode of the energy storage system output power, so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation.
Preferably, the determining unit 804 for determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result determines a corresponding calculation manner of the output power of the energy storage system, and includes:
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, the calculation mode for determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(Pflu-Pfmax,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(|Pflu-Pfmax|,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount or not is judged, the calculation mode of determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage predicted action state of the energy storage system;
wherein, Pe(t) is the output power of the energy storage system at the current moment t; pfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; pfmaxand-PfmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; pemaxand-PemaxThe upper limit and the lower limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system are respectively.
Preferably, the determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value of the energy storage system and the predicted action state of the energy storage system comprises:
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is11 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOC(t)-SOCup)Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is10 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOClow-SOC(t))Ee/PEmax),
under other conditions, determining the output power of the energy storage system to be 0;
wherein, SOC (t) is the state of charge value of the energy storage system at the time t; SOCupAnd SOClowUpper limit and lower limit of the state of charge limit of the energy storage system, respectivelyA lower limit; eeIs the energy storage system capacity; a Δ t time interval; s1And S2Predicting an action state for stored energy; s1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2The state value of the moment of charging or discharging the energy storage system in the whole prediction period T is obtained; pEmaxIs the upper limit of the output power limit of the energy storage system.
Preferably, wherein the system further comprises: an energy storage prediction action state determination unit, configured to determine that a certain prediction time t within a preset time period is reached if a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount within the whole preset time period and including the prediction time exceeds a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit valueiIs the first threshold value and exceeds the upper limit P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit valuefmaxThen determine S 11 is ═ 1; if the lower limit-P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value is exceededfmaxThen determine S 10; if the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at all the prediction moments in the whole preset time period does not exceed the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely the energy storage system does not act, S is determined2＝1。
Fig. 8 of an embodiment of the present invention is a diagram illustrating an energy storage system control system 800 for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 8 of another embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the method 100 for an energy storage system control system 800 for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and therefore, no further description is provided herein.
The invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, other embodiments of the invention than the one disclosed above are equally possible within the scope of the invention, as would be apparent to a person skilled in the art from the appended patent claims.
Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a/an/the [ device, component, etc ]" are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of said device, component, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.
Claims (8)
1. An energy storage system control method for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation, the method comprising:
calculating the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment by using a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
predicting the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation at each predicted time in a preset time period at the current time, and respectively calculating the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at two adjacent predicted times by using the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset specified limits or not to obtain a judgment result;
determining a corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result, and determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the determined calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation;
wherein, the determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system according to the judgment result comprises:
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, the calculation mode for determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(Pflu-Pfmax,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(|Pflu-Pfmax|,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount or not is judged, the calculation mode of determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage predicted action state of the energy storage system;
wherein, Pe(t) is the output power of the energy storage system at the current moment t; pfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; pfmaxand-PfmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; pEmaxand-PEmaxRespectively setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system;
the method for determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage prediction action state of the energy storage system comprises the following steps:
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is11 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOC(t)-SOCup)Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is10 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOClow-SOC(t))Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
under other conditions, determining the output power of the energy storage system to be 0;
wherein, SOC (t) is the state of charge value of the energy storage system at the time t; SOCupAnd SOClowRespectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge limit value of the energy storage system; eeIs the energy storage system capacity; delta t is the time interval between two adjacent prediction moments; s1And S2Predicting an action state for stored energy; s1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2And predicting the state value of the energy storage system at the charging or discharging moment in the whole prediction period T.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula is:
Pflu＝Ppv(t)-Ppv(t-1)，
wherein, PfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; ppv(t) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; ppvAnd (t-1) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at the moment t-1.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether the photovoltaic generation power fluctuation amount at the current time and the predicted photovoltaic generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset regulation limits includes:
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value;
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; and
and when the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is larger than the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value and smaller than the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount, judging whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount or not.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount containing the prediction time in the whole preset time period exceeds the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely a certain prediction time t in the preset time periodiIs the first threshold value and exceeds the upper limit P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit valuefmaxThen determine S11 is ═ 1; if the lower limit-P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value is exceededfmaxThen determine S1＝0；
If the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at all the prediction moments in the whole preset time period does not exceed the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely the energy storage system does not act, S is determined2＝1。
5. An energy storage system control system for smoothing short-term fluctuations in distributed photovoltaic power generation, the system comprising:
the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit at the current moment is used for calculating the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment by using a photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation unit is used for predicting the photovoltaic power generation power of each predicted time in a preset time period at the current time, and calculating the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amounts of two adjacent predicted times by using the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula;
the judging unit is used for judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment and the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset specified limits or not so as to obtain a judging result;
the energy storage system output power determining unit determines a corresponding calculation mode of the energy storage system output power according to the judgment result, and determines the output power of the energy storage system according to the determined calculation mode of the energy storage system output power so as to smooth the short-term fluctuation of the distributed photovoltaic power generation;
the energy storage system output power determining unit determines a corresponding calculation mode of the energy storage system output power according to the judgment result, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, the calculation mode for determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(Pflu-Pfmax,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, determining the corresponding calculation mode of the output power of the energy storage system as follows:
Pe(t)＝min(|Pflu-Pfmax|,PEmax)，
when the judgment result indicates that whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount or not is judged, the calculation mode of determining the corresponding energy storage system output power is as follows:
determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage predicted action state of the energy storage system;
wherein, Pe(t) is the output power of the energy storage system at the current moment t; pfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; pfmaxand-PfmaxRespectively an upper limit and a lower limit of a photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; pEmaxand-PEmaxRespectively setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the output power limit value of the energy storage system;
the method for determining the output power of the energy storage system according to the state of charge value and the energy storage prediction action state of the energy storage system comprises the following steps:
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is11 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOC(t)-SOCup)Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
when SOC (t) > SOCupAnd S is10 or S2When the output power of the energy storage system is 1, determining that the output power of the energy storage system is:
Pe(t)＝min((SOClow-SOC(t))Ee/Δt，PEmax)，
under other conditions, determining the output power of the energy storage system to be 0;
wherein, SOC (t) is the state of charge value of the energy storage system at the time t; SOCupAnd SOClowRespectively the upper limit and the lower limit of the state of charge limit value of the energy storage system; eeIs the energy storage system capacity; delta t is the time interval between two adjacent prediction moments; s1And S2Predicting an action state for stored energy; s1Predicting the state value of the first moment needing the charging or discharging of the energy storage system in the period T; s2And predicting the state value of the energy storage system at the charging or discharging moment in the whole prediction period T.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount calculation formula is:
Pflu＝Ppv(t)-Ppv(t-1)，
wherein, PfluThe photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation quantity at the time t; ppv(t) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at time t; ppvAnd (t-1) is the output power of the photovoltaic system at the moment t-1.
7. The system according to claim 5, wherein the judging unit judges whether the photovoltaic generation power fluctuation amount at the present time and the predicted photovoltaic generation power fluctuation amount exceed preset regulation limits, and includes:
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value;
judging whether the photovoltaic power generation power fluctuation amount at the current moment is less than or equal to the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value; and
and when the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at the current moment is larger than the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value and smaller than the upper limit of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount, judging whether the photovoltaic power generation function power fluctuation amount exceeding the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value exists in the predicted photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount or not.
8. The system of claim 5, further comprising: an energy storage prediction action state determination unit for
If the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount containing the prediction time in the whole preset time period exceeds the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely a certain prediction time t in the preset time periodiIs the first threshold value and exceeds the upper limit P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit valuefmaxThen determine S11 is ═ 1; if the lower limit-P of the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value is exceededfmaxThen determine S1＝0；
If the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation amount at all the prediction moments in the whole preset time period does not exceed the photovoltaic power generation fluctuation limit value, namely the energy storage system does not act, S is determined2＝1。
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