CN109786878A - A kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling - Google Patents
A kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109786878A CN109786878A CN201910231245.8A CN201910231245A CN109786878A CN 109786878 A CN109786878 A CN 109786878A CN 201910231245 A CN201910231245 A CN 201910231245A CN 109786878 A CN109786878 A CN 109786878A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
A kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling is related to lithium-ion-power cell heating and charging technique field.It solves low temperature environment to be preheated using lithium-ion-power cell, and existing external heating device is unevenly distributed there are heating temperature, the problem of easily being damaged to battery.The present invention is when the surface temperature of lithium-ion-power cell is lower than set temperature, if the remaining capacity SOC of battery is lower than preset value, is charged by power supply to super capacitor, super capacitor carries out alternating excitation heating to lithium-ion-power cell through two-way DC/DC.Otherwise self-heating energy is provided by lithium-ion-power cell, alternative frequency charge and discharge are carried out to super capacitor via two-way DC/DC, it realizes and the alternating excitation of lithium-ion-power cell is heated, when lithium-ion-power cell temperature is greater than set temperature, when the discontented electricity of lithium-ion-power cell, it charges to it, until lithium-ion-power cell electricity is full of, the present invention is suitable for power battery heating charging and uses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium-ion-power cell heating and charging technique fields.
Background technique
With the generation of energy problem, energetically support of the country to New Energy Industry, lithium ion battery is close due to its energy
The advantages that degree is big, and self-discharge rate is low and memory-less effect, becomes important energy-storage travelling wave tube, in new energy power station, electric car etc.
Field is widely applied.
Due to the structure and electrochemical properties of lithium battery interior, the charge-discharge performance of lithium battery is asked there are larger at low temperature
Topic.Since the activity of active material under low temperature reduces, internal diffusion rate reduces, and inside lithium ion cell impedance is at low temperature
It is significantly increased, output power reduces, while available battery capacity also reduces accordingly.It is deposited at low temperature using lithium battery simultaneously
The problems such as cathode analyses lithium, so that the low-temperature heat of lithium battery necessitates.And by the way of the heating of outside, there are temperature point
The non-uniform problem of cloth.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve low temperature environment using lithium-ion-power cell and preheat, and existing outside adds
The problem of there are heating temperatures to be unevenly distributed for thermal, easily damages to battery, proposes a kind of electric automobile power battery
Charging/heating integral device and method.
A kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling of the present invention, the specific steps of this method are as follows:
Step 1: the surface temperature T of acquisition lithium-ion-power cell, judges that the surface temperature T of lithium-ion-power cell is
It is no to be less than preset temperature threshold Tset, if so, executing step 2, otherwise, execute step 8；Wherein, temperature threshold TsetIt is positive
Number；
Step 2: the state-of-charge soc of acquisition lithium-ion-power cell, end voltage U and electric current I, judge lithium ion power
Whether the state-of-charge soc of battery is less than given threshold socset, if so, executing step 3, otherwise, execute step 4；Step
Three, it is charged using external power supply to super capacitor, until the state-of-charge of super capacitor is 1-socsetUntil；Then it holds
Row step 4；
Step 4: the single order thevenin equivalent circuit model of lithium-ion-power cell is established, using described in step 2
End the voltage U and electric current I of lithium-ion-power cell, recognize the parameter of lithium-ion-power cell, obtain lithium ion power
The ohmic internal resistance R of battery0, polarization resistance R1And polarization capacity C1；
Step 5: the ohmic internal resistance R of the lithium-ion-power cell obtained using step 40, polarization resistance R1And polarization capacity
C1, obtain total impedance and frequency function inside lithium-ion-power cell；
Step 6: the inside total impedance and frequency function and heat production power of the lithium-ion-power cell obtained using step 5
Formula calculates and obtains the best heating frequency of lithium-ion-power cell under Current Temperatures environment；
Step 7: the both ends of super capacitor are connect with the side signal input output end of two-way DC/DC converter, lithium from
The charge and discharge signal end of sub- power battery is connect with the other side signal input output end of two-way DC/DC converter, and by step
Alternation switching frequency of the six best heating frequencies of lithium-ion-power cell obtained as two-way DC/DC converter, realizes alternation
The charge/discharge of lithium-ion-power cell is controlled, is realized after carrying out alternating excitation heating time t1 to lithium-ion-power cell；It returns
Execute step 1；
Step 8: judging whether the state-of-charge soc of lithium-ion-power cell is full power state, step is executed if so, returning
Rapid one, otherwise, charging is carried out until lithium-ion-power cell is full of to lithium-ion-power cell using external power supply, then return
Receipt row step 1.
The present invention first determines whether the surface temperature of lithium-ion-power cell is lower than set temperature, if so, judging battery
Remaining capacity soc whether be lower than preset value, if so, to super capacitor charge 1-socset, then control DC/DC converter into
The switching of row alternation is opened, and so that super capacitor is charged to lithium-ion-power cell, or make lithium-ion-power cell to super capacitor
The alternating excitation heating to lithium-ion-power cell is realized in charging, meanwhile, it avoids and consumed in alternating excitation heating process
Battery capacity influences the use of battery, also avoid battery capacity it is high when, super capacitor causes over-charging of battery to battery discharge
Situation, when lithium-ion-power cell temperature be greater than set temperature, it is only necessary to judge lithium-ion-power cell remaining capacity whether
It otherwise, charges to lithium-ion-power cell for full power state if so, being not necessarily to charge, until lithium ion power electricity
Until pond electricity is full of, the present invention realizes self-heating by the way of additional super capacitor, while reducing excitation heating process
In consumption to lithium-ion-power cell self-energy, meanwhile, the control to super capacitor charge volume avoids the occurrence of asking of overcharging
Topic, effectively realizes the heating and charging to battery.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the invention flow chart；
Fig. 2 is lithium ion battery single order thevenin equivalent circuit illustraton of model.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, how to apply to the present invention whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching relevant art effect can fully understand and implement.This Shen
Please each feature in embodiment and embodiment, can be combined with each other under the premise of not colliding, be formed by technical solution
It is within the scope of the present invention.
Specific embodiment 1: illustrating present embodiment below with reference to Fig. 1, a kind of electric car described in present embodiment is dynamic
Power battery charging/method for heating and controlling, the specific steps of this method are as follows:
Step 1: the surface temperature T of acquisition lithium-ion-power cell, judges that the surface temperature T of lithium-ion-power cell is
It is no to be less than preset temperature threshold Tset, if so, executing step 2, otherwise, execute step 8；Wherein, temperature threshold TsetIt is positive
Number；
Step 2: the state-of-charge soc of acquisition lithium-ion-power cell, end voltage U and electric current I, judge lithium ion power
Whether the state-of-charge soc of battery is less than given threshold socset, if so, executing step 3, otherwise, execute step 4；
Step 3: being charged using external power supply to super capacitor, until the state-of-charge of super capacitor is 1-socset
Until；Then step 4 is executed；
Step 4: the single order thevenin equivalent circuit model of lithium-ion-power cell is established, using described in step 2
End the voltage U and electric current I of lithium-ion-power cell, recognize the parameter of lithium-ion-power cell, obtain lithium ion power
The ohmic internal resistance R of battery0, polarization resistance R1And polarization capacity C1；
Step 5: the ohmic internal resistance R of the lithium-ion-power cell obtained using step 40, polarization resistance R1And polarization capacity
C1, obtain total impedance and frequency function inside lithium-ion-power cell；
Step 6: the inside total impedance and frequency function and heat production power of the lithium-ion-power cell obtained using step 5
Formula calculates and obtains the best heating frequency of lithium-ion-power cell under Current Temperatures environment；
Step 7: the both ends of super capacitor are connect with the side signal input output end of two-way DC/DC converter, lithium from
The charge and discharge signal end of sub- power battery is connect with the other side signal input output end of two-way DC/DC converter, and by step
Alternation switching frequency of the six best heating frequencies of lithium-ion-power cell obtained as two-way DC/DC converter, realizes alternation
The charge/discharge of lithium-ion-power cell is controlled, is realized after carrying out alternating excitation heating time t1 to lithium-ion-power cell；It returns
Execute step 1；
Step 8: judging whether the state-of-charge soc of lithium-ion-power cell is full power state, step is executed if so, returning
Rapid one, otherwise, charging is carried out until lithium-ion-power cell is full of to lithium-ion-power cell using external power supply, then return
Receipt row step 1.
Sample circuit described in present embodiment includes voltage sampling circuit, current sampling circuit and state-of-charge sampling electricity
Road, the sample circuit realize that carrying out electric current, voltage and state-of-charge to electric automobile power battery carries out sampling realization basis
Obtain voltage, electric current and the state-of-charge of acquisition, it is determined whether charge, calculate the alternating excitation frequency of excitation heating.
Present embodiment in battery using preceding first passing through judgement so that only when the state-of-charge of present moment battery is lower than
The threshold value Shi Cailing external power supply of setting charges to super capacitor, when the state-of-charge of battery is higher than the threshold value of setting, by moving
Power battery pack charges to super capacitor, the possibility feelings overcharged when being in full power state so as to avoid power battery
Condition.It is provided by external power supply using the energy that this control method enables to battery self-heating to consume, is added to reach as far as possible
The consumption that battery itself energy is reduced when hot, directly charges the battery after the completion of heating, accelerates the purpose of heating process,
The use for avoiding influencing battery, realizes the preheating to battery.
Specific embodiment 2: illustrating present embodiment below with reference to Fig. 2, present embodiment is to described in embodiment one
A kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling is described further, inside lithium ion cell single order Dai Weining etc.
Imitating circuit model includes ohmic internal resistance R0, polarization resistance R1, polarization capacity C1With open circuit equivalent voltage source UOC；
Ohmic internal resistance R0One end connection charge power supply anode, ohmic internal resistance R0The other end connect polarization capacity C simultaneously1
One end and polarization resistance R1One end；Polarization capacity C1The other end simultaneously with polarization resistance R1The other end and open a way it is equivalent
Voltage source UOCAnode, open a way equivalent voltage source UOCCathode connect charge power supply cathode.
Specific embodiment three, present embodiment are to a kind of electric automobile power battery described in specific embodiment two
Charging/method for heating and controlling is described further, lithium ion battery single order thevenin equivalent circuit model described in step 4
Formula are as follows:
Wherein, R0For ohmic internal resistance, R1For polarization resistance, C1For polarization capacity, UOCFor lithium ion battery open-circuit voltage, U is
The end voltage of lithium ion battery, s are complex frequencies.
Specific embodiment four, present embodiment are to a kind of electric automobile power battery described in specific embodiment three
Charging/method for heating and controlling is described further, and the ohmic internal resistance R of battery is obtained described in step 40, polarization resistance R1And pole
Change capacitor C1Detailed process are as follows:
Step 4 one enablesBy the formula of lithium ion battery single order thevenin equivalent circuit
Turn to difference form, wherein x (k) is the magnitude of physical quantity that kth time sampling obtains, and x (k-1) is the physics that kth -1 time sampling obtains
Magnitude, the physical quantity are Uoc (k), U (k) or I (k)；
UOC(k)-U (k)=k1[UOC(k-1)-U(k-1)]+k2I(k)-k3I(k-1) (2)
Wherein,
Uoc (k) is the open-circuit voltage of k sampling power battery, and U (k) is the end voltage of k sampling power battery, I (k)
It is the electric current of k sampling power battery, k-1 represents kth -1 time sampling, and T is the sampling interval, the time between double sampling, UOC(k-
It 1) is the k-1 open-circuit voltage for sampling power battery, U (k-1) is the end voltage of k-1 sampling power battery, and I (k-1) is k-1
The electric current of secondary sampling power battery；
Step 4 two is picked out parameter k in difference equation by least square method of recursion1,k1,k3；Then equivalent-circuit model
In parameter:
Specific embodiment five, present embodiment are to a kind of electric automobile power battery described in specific embodiment four
Charging/method for heating and controlling is described further, inside battery total impedance and frequency function described in step 5 are as follows:
Wherein, the π of ω=2 f；F is the alternating excitation heating frequency of lithium-ion-power cell, and j is imaginary unit, R1(f) it is
The polarization resistance of battery changes function, C with alternating excitation heating frequency1It (f) is the polarization capacity C of battery1It is heated with alternating excitation
Frequency changes function, wherein C1(f) and R1(f) it by impedance spectrum, is obtained after being fitted.
Specific embodiment six, present embodiment are to a kind of electric automobile power battery described in specific embodiment five
Charging/method for heating and controlling is described further, and calculating described in step 6 obtains lithium ion battery under Current Temperatures environment
Best heating frequency method particularly includes:
Utilize heat production horse-power formula
Obtain heat production power Q and alternating excitation frequency function, wherein Re (Z (f)) is that real part is taken to plural Z (f), and △ U is
Hold voltage U and open-circuit voltage UOCDifference；Heat production horse-power formula is unfolded to obtain:
First derivative and second dervative are asked to heat production power expansion, obtain heat production power maximum value, the heat production power
The corresponding alternating excitation frequency of maximum value is the alternating excitation heating frequency of power battery.
Specific embodiment seven, present embodiment are to a kind of electric automobile power battery described in specific embodiment one
Charging/method for heating and controlling is described further, and carries out alternating excitation heating to lithium-ion-power cell described in step 7
The range of time t1 is 20s to 40s.
Specific embodiment eight, present embodiment are to a kind of electric automobile power battery described in specific embodiment one
Charging/method for heating and controlling is described further, temperature threshold T described in step 1setRange be 5 < Tset10 DEG C of <.
Specific embodiment 9: present embodiment to a kind of electric automobile power battery charging described in embodiment six/
Method for heating and controlling is described further, threshold value soc in step 2setRange: 0.9 < socset< 0.95.
A kind of electric automobile power battery charging heating integral device and method of the present invention, by using charging heating one
The control strategy of body, so that energy needed for battery self-heating is by power supply rather than battery itself provides, so that battery
The two processes of heating and charging are combined together, and are avoided self-heating in previous self-heating method and are needed first to consume inside battery
Energy, then the process to charge, the time required to entire heating-charging process.
Although disclosed herein embodiment it is as above, the content is only to facilitate understanding the present invention and adopting
Embodiment is not intended to limit the invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains are not departing from this
Under the premise of the disclosed spirit and scope of invention, any modification and change can be made in the implementing form and in details,
But scope of patent protection of the invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling, which is characterized in that the specific steps of this method are as follows:
Step 1: the surface temperature T of acquisition lithium-ion-power cell, judges whether the surface temperature T of lithium-ion-power cell is small
In preset temperature threshold Tset, if so, executing step 2, otherwise, execute step 8；Wherein, temperature threshold TsetFor positive number；
Step 2: the state-of-charge soc of acquisition lithium-ion-power cell, end voltage U and electric current I, judge lithium-ion-power cell
State-of-charge soc whether be less than given threshold socset, if so, executing step 3, otherwise, execute step 4；
Step 3: being charged using external power supply to super capacitor, until the state-of-charge of super capacitor is 1-socsetFor
Only；Then step 4 is executed；
Step 4: establish the single order thevenin equivalent circuit model of lithium-ion-power cell, using lithium described in step 2 from
End the voltage U and electric current I of sub- power battery, recognize the parameter of lithium-ion-power cell, obtain lithium-ion-power cell
Ohmic internal resistance R0, polarization resistance R1And polarization capacity C1；
Step 5: the ohmic internal resistance R of the lithium-ion-power cell obtained using step 40, polarization resistance R1And polarization capacity C1,
Obtain total impedance and frequency function inside lithium-ion-power cell；
Step 6: the inside total impedance and frequency function and heat production power public affairs of the lithium-ion-power cell obtained using step 5
Formula calculates and obtains the best heating frequency of lithium-ion-power cell under Current Temperatures environment；
Step 7: the both ends of super capacitor are connect with the side signal input output end of two-way DC/DC converter, lithium ion is dynamic
The charge and discharge signal end of power battery is connect with the other side signal input output end of two-way DC/DC converter, and step 6 is obtained
Alternation switching frequency of the best heating frequency of lithium-ion-power cell obtained as two-way DC/DC converter realizes alternation control
The charge/discharge of lithium-ion-power cell is realized after carrying out alternating excitation heating time t1 to lithium-ion-power cell；It returns and executes
Step 1；
Step 8: judge whether the state-of-charge soc of lithium-ion-power cell is full power state, if so, one is returned to step,
Otherwise, charging is carried out until lithium-ion-power cell is full of to lithium-ion-power cell using external power supply, returns again to and holds
Row step 1.
2. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Single order thevenin equivalent circuit model includes ohmic internal resistance R inside lithium-ion-power cell described in rapid four0, polarization resistance R1, pole
Change capacitor C1With open circuit equivalent voltage source UOC；
Ohmic internal resistance R0One end connection charge power supply anode, ohmic internal resistance R0The other end connect polarization capacity C simultaneously1One
End and polarization resistance R1One end；Polarization capacity C1The other end simultaneously with polarization resistance R1The other end and open circuit equivalent voltage
Source UOCAnode, open a way equivalent voltage source UOCCathode connect charge power supply cathode.
3. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step
The formula of lithium ion battery single order thevenin equivalent circuit model described in rapid four are as follows:
Wherein, R0For ohmic internal resistance, R1For polarization resistance, C1For polarization capacity, UOCFor lithium ion battery open-circuit voltage, U be lithium from
The end voltage of sub- battery, s are complex frequencies.
4. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
The ohmic internal resistance R of battery is obtained described in rapid four0, polarization resistance R1And polarization capacity C1Detailed process are as follows:
Step 4 one, the difference form that is formulated as by lithium ion battery single order thevenin equivalent circuit obtain:
UOC(k)-U (k)=k1[UOC(k-1)-U(k-1)]+k2I(k)-k3I(k-1) (2)
Wherein,
Uoc (k) is the open-circuit voltage of k sampling power battery, and U (k) is the end voltage of k sampling power battery, and I (K) is k times
The electric current of power battery is sampled, k-1 represents kth -1 time sampling, and T is the sampling interval, the time between double sampling, UOC(k-1) it is
The open-circuit voltage of k-1 sampling power battery, U (k-1) are the k-1 end voltage for sampling power battery, and I (K-1) is to adopt for k-1 times
The electric current of sample power battery；
Step 4 two is picked out parameter k in difference equation by least square method of recursion1,k1,k3；Then in equivalent-circuit model
Parameter:
5. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step
Inside battery total impedance and frequency function described in rapid five are as follows:
Wherein, the π of ω=2 f；F is the alternating excitation heating frequency of lithium-ion-power cell, and j is imaginary unit, R1It (f) is battery
Polarization resistance changes function, C with alternating excitation heating frequency1It (f) is the polarization capacity C of battery1Become with alternating excitation heating frequency
Change function, wherein C1(f) and R1(f) it by impedance spectrum, is obtained after being fitted.
6. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step
Rapid six described calculate obtain best heating frequency of the lithium ion battery under Current Temperatures environment method particularly includes:
Utilize heat production horse-power formula
Obtain heat production power Q and alternating excitation frequency function, wherein Re (Z (f)) is that real part is taken to plural Z (f), and △ U is end electricity
Press U and open-circuit voltage UOCDifference；Heat production horse-power formula is unfolded to obtain:
First derivative and second dervative are asked to heat production power expansion, obtain heat production power maximum value, the heat production power is maximum
It is worth the alternating excitation heating frequency that corresponding alternating excitation frequency is power battery.
7. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The range for carrying out the time t1 of alternating excitation heating described in rapid seven to lithium-ion-power cell is 20s to 40s.
8. a kind of electric automobile power battery charging/method for heating and controlling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its
In, threshold value soc in step 2setRange: 0.9 < socset< 0.95.
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| CN110336099A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-15 | 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 | A kind of battery self-heating method and device |
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