CN109786564B - Perovskite thin film solar cell - Google Patents

Perovskite thin film solar cell Download PDF

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CN109786564B
CN109786564B CN201910029947.8A CN201910029947A CN109786564B CN 109786564 B CN109786564 B CN 109786564B CN 201910029947 A CN201910029947 A CN 201910029947A CN 109786564 B CN109786564 B CN 109786564B
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CN109786564A (en
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沈承焕
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Wuxi Utmolight Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a perovskite thin-film solar cell. The perovskite thin film solar cell comprises: a plurality of stacked functional layers, one of said plurality of functional layers being a photoactive layer, at least one other of said plurality of functional layers excluding said photoactive layer being configured as a wrap-around layer, said wrap-around layer comprising: a wrap-around layer body acting as an overlying portion and a peripheral layer extending from at least part of an edge of the wrap-around layer body, the wrap-around layer body and the peripheral layer wrapping around at least three sides of the photoactive layer. According to the perovskite thin-film solar cell, the wrapping layer is arranged to cover the photoactive layer, so that the photoactive layer can be isolated from external moisture and gas, the good performance of the photoactive layer is guaranteed, the photoactive layer is prevented from deteriorating, and therefore the photoactive layer can convert optical energy into electric energy to the maximum extent after absorbing the optical energy.

Description

Perovskite thin film solar cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a perovskite thin-film solar cell.
Background
The solar cell itself is deteriorated due to moisture and/or gas introduced from the outside. In particular, a mixed perovskite material (i.e., a photoactive layer) composed of an organic/inorganic material has a disadvantage of accelerated deterioration by moisture and gas. In the case of a flexible substrate, water may penetrate directly through the polymer substrate and/or through the edge sealant into the layer of perovskite material. For solar cells sealed with a glass substrate, moisture and gases can be prevented from penetrating the glass substrate, but they can still penetrate the edge sealant into the perovskite material layer, causing the perovskite material layer to deteriorate in performance.
In the prior art, the organic/inorganic multilayer thin film encapsulation method has an excellent barrier function against moisture and gas, but it is still required to develop 1) an additional process only for encapsulation, increasing costs, and 2) an organic/inorganic multilayer thin film, which decreases photoelectric conversion efficiency due to a decrease in solar light transmittance due to its high reflectance or high absorption of solar light.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a perovskite thin film solar cell to isolate the photoactive layer from moisture and gas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a perovskite thin film solar cell comprising: a plurality of stacked functional layers, one of said plurality of functional layers being a photoactive layer, at least one other of said plurality of functional layers excluding said photoactive layer being configured as a wrap-around layer, said wrap-around layer comprising: a wrap-around layer body acting as an overlying portion and a peripheral layer extending from at least part of an edge of the wrap-around layer body, the wrap-around layer body and the peripheral layer wrapping around at least three sides of the photoactive layer.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the surrounding layer is a layer, and the surrounding layer entirely surrounds the photoactive layer.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the perovskite thin film solar cell comprises: the electrode comprises a front substrate layer, a transparent conductive oxide layer, the photoactive layer, a rear metal electrode and a rear substrate layer which are arranged from a first direction to a second direction, wherein a wrapping layer body of the wrapping layer is arranged between the photoactive layer and the rear metal electrode, and a peripheral layer of the wrapping layer at least wraps the photoactive layer.
Further, the wrapping layer is a first charge transfer layer, and the wrapping layer also wraps the front substrate layer and the transparent conductive oxide layer.
Further, the second charge transfer layer is arranged between the transparent conductive oxide layer and the photoactive layer.
Optionally, an antireflection layer is disposed between the front substrate layer and the transparent conductive oxide layer.
Further, the perovskite thin film solar cell further comprises an encapsulation layer, and the encapsulation layer is arranged between the rear metal electrode and the rear substrate layer.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the wrap layer is a plurality of layers, and the plurality of layers of wrap are nested.
Specifically, the inner wrapping layer of the plurality of wrapping layers wraps the photoactive layer integrally, and the outer wrapping layer of the plurality of wrapping layers wraps the photoactive layer at least partially.
Further, the perovskite thin film solar cell includes: the electrode comprises a front substrate layer, a transparent conductive oxide layer, a photoactive layer, a rear metal electrode and a rear substrate layer which are arranged from a first direction to a second direction, wherein a wrapping layer body of an inner wrapping layer is arranged between the photoactive layer and the transparent conductive oxide layer, a peripheral layer of the inner wrapping layer at least wraps the photoactive layer, a wrapping layer body of an outer wrapping layer is arranged between the front substrate layer and the transparent conductive oxide layer, and a peripheral layer of the outer wrapping layer at least partially wraps the photoactive layer.
Specifically, the inner layer winding layer is a first charge transfer layer, and the inner layer winding layer further wraps the rear metal electrode and the rear substrate layer.
Further, the outer layer winding layer is an antireflection layer, and the transparent conductive oxide layer and the inner layer winding layer are further coated by the outer layer winding layer.
Further, a second charge transfer layer is arranged between the photoactive layer and the rear metal electrode.
Specifically, the perovskite thin-film solar cell further comprises an encapsulation layer, and the encapsulation layer is arranged between the front substrate layer and the outer layer wrapping layer.
Optionally, the antireflection layer is a single-layer antireflection layer or a multi-layer antireflection layer, and the refractive index of the antireflection layer is 1.6-1.9.
Optionally, the antireflection layer is a single layer of Al2O3Layer or monolayer of SiOxNyLayer or Al2O3Layer, SiOxNyA double layer structure of layers.
Optionally, the front substrate layer and the rear substrate layer are both glass substrates.
Compared with the prior art, the perovskite thin-film solar cell has the following advantages:
according to the perovskite thin-film solar cell, the wrapping layer is arranged to cover the photoactive layer, so that the photoactive layer can be isolated from external moisture and gas, the good performance of the photoactive layer is guaranteed, the photoactive layer is prevented from deteriorating, and therefore the photoactive layer can convert optical energy into electric energy to the maximum extent after absorbing the optical energy.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a perovskite thin film solar cell of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a perovskite thin film solar cell of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is SiOxNyThe relation curve graph of the content of the N in the glass fiber and the refractive index;
FIG. 4 is SiOxNyThe relation graph of the content of the N in the product and Jph;
FIG. 5 is SiOxNyThe effect of layer thickness on Jph;
FIG. 6 is Al2O3The effect of layer thickness on Jph;
FIG. 7 shows the photo-generated current Jph versus different Al for a perovskite thin film solar cell with a double anti-reflective layer2O3、SiOxNyAnd (4) a relation graph of thickness combinations.
Description of reference numerals:
the solar cell comprises a perovskite thin film solar cell 10, a photoactive layer 1, a front substrate layer 2, a transparent conductive oxide layer 3, a rear metal electrode 4, a rear substrate layer 5, an encapsulation layer 6, a wrapping layer 7, an inner wrapping layer (first charge transfer layer) 71, an outer wrapping layer (anti-reflection layer) 72 and a second charge transfer layer 8.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7 in conjunction with examples.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a perovskite thin film solar cell 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: stacked multilayer functional layers, one of the multilayer functional layers being a photoactive layer 1, at least one other of the multilayer functional layers excluding the photoactive layer 1 being configured as a wrap-around layer 7, the wrap-around layer 7 comprising: a wrap-around layer body 711, 721 serving as an overlapping portion and peripheral layers 712, 722 extending from at least part of the edges of the wrap-around layer body, the wrap-around layer body and peripheral layers wrapping around at least three sides of the photoactive layer 1 to isolate the photoactive layer 1 from external moisture and/or gas. Preferably, the wrapping layer body and the peripheral layer wrap six sides of the optical active layer 1, so that the optical active layer 1 is in a completely closed environment, and the isolation effect is better.
In the embodiment of the invention, the photoactive layer 1 is a perovskite layer, and the photoactive layer 1 can convert absorbed sunlight light energy into electric energy for the use of a device element. The performance of the light active layer 1 made of perovskite material can be accelerated to deteriorate when the light active layer 1 contacts external moisture or gas, so that after the light active layer 1 is coated by the wrapping layer 7, the external gas or moisture can be prevented from entering the light active layer 1 to influence the performance of the light active layer 1, and the light active layer 1 can be ensured to convert light energy into electric energy to the maximum extent.
According to the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the wrapping layer 7 is arranged to wrap the photoactive layer 1, so that the photoactive layer 1 can be isolated from external moisture and gas, the good performance of the photoactive layer 1 is ensured, and the deterioration of the photoactive layer 1 is avoided, therefore, after the photoactive layer 1 absorbs light energy, the light energy can be converted into electric energy to the maximum extent, and the conversion efficiency is high.
Referring to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the surrounding layer 7 is a layer, and the surrounding layer 7 entirely covers the photoactive layer 1, completely isolating the photoactive layer 1 from external moisture and gas.
Specifically, the perovskite thin film solar cell 10 includes: the front substrate layer 2, the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 (TCO for short), the photoactive layer 1, the rear metal electrode 4 and the rear substrate layer 5 are arranged from the first direction to the second direction, a wrapping layer body 711 of a wrapping layer 7 is arranged between the photoactive layer 1 and the rear metal electrode 4, and a peripheral layer 712 of the wrapping layer 7 at least wraps the photoactive layer 1.
Further, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the surrounding layer 7 is a first charge transfer layer, that is, the surrounding layer 7 has a charge transfer function, so that the first charge transfer layer can realize charge transfer between the photoactive layer 1 and the back metal electrode 4. The wrapping layer 7 also wraps the front substrate layer 2 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3, so that the photoactive layer 1, the front substrate layer 2 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 are isolated from external moisture and gas.
Further, a second charge transfer layer 8 is provided between the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 and the photoactive layer 1, whereby charge transfer between the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 and the photoactive layer 1 can be achieved.
Optionally, an antireflection layer 72 is disposed between the front substrate layer 2 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3. The antireflective layer 72 serves to reduce the reflectance of sunlight incident through the front substrate layer 2, thereby allowing more sunlight to enter the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10. The direction of incidence of sunlight is shown by the arrows in figure 1.
Further, the perovskite thin film solar cell 10 further includes: and the packaging layer 6, wherein the packaging layer 6 is arranged between the rear metal electrode 4 and the rear substrate layer 5.
As shown in fig. 1, an anti-reflection layer 72, a transparent conductive oxide layer 3, a second charge transfer layer 8, a photoactive layer 1, a first charge transfer layer 71, a rear metal electrode 4, an encapsulation layer 6, and a rear substrate layer 5 are sequentially formed on a front substrate layer 2.
Referring to the embodiment shown in figure 2, the wrap layer 7 is multi-layered and the multi-layered wrap layer 7 nestingly fits.
Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the multilayer wrapping layer 7 is two layers, i.e., an inner layer wrapping layer 71 of the multilayer wrapping layer 7 wraps the photoactive layer 1 as a whole to perform primary wrapping on the photoactive layer 1, and an outer layer wrapping layer 72 of the multilayer wrapping layer 7 wraps the photoactive layer 1 and the inner layer wrapping layer 71 at least partially to perform secondary wrapping on the photoactive layer 1. The multilayer wrapping layer 7 has the combined action of completely isolating the photoactive layer 1 from external moisture and gas, and the isolation effect is better. In fig. 2, the outer wrap layer 72 does not wrap the upper end faces of the photoactive layer 1 and the inner wrap layer 71, and only wraps the other five side faces. In some preferred embodiments, the outer wrap layer 72 completely encases the photoactive layer 1 and the inner wrap layer 71.
Further, the perovskite thin film solar cell 10 shown in fig. 2 includes: the front substrate layer 2, the transparent conductive oxide layer 3, the photoactive layer 1, the rear metal electrode 4 and the rear substrate layer 5 are arranged from the first direction to the second direction, the wrapping layer body 711 of the inner wrapping layer 71 is arranged between the photoactive layer 1 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3, the peripheral layer 712 of the inner wrapping layer 71 at least covers the photoactive layer 1, the wrapping layer body 721 of the outer wrapping layer 72 is arranged between the front substrate layer 2 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3, and the peripheral layer 722 of the outer wrapping layer 72 at least partially covers the photoactive layer 1.
Specifically, the inner wrap layer 71 is a first charge transfer layer 71, and the first charge transfer layer 71 can realize charge transfer between the photoactive layer 1 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3. The inner layer winding layer 71 also wraps the rear metal electrode 4 and the rear substrate layer 5, so that the photoactive layer 1, the rear metal electrode 4 and the rear substrate layer 5 are isolated from external moisture and gas.
Further, the outer layer wrapping layer 72 is an antireflection layer 72, and the outer layer wrapping layer 72 further wraps the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 and the inner layer wrapping layer 71. The photoactive layer 1 is simultaneously covered with the first charge transfer layer 71 and the anti-reflection layer 72, thereby more effectively preventing external moisture and gas from penetrating into the perovskite of the photoactive layer 1.
Further, a second charge transfer layer 8 is provided between the photoactive layer 1 and the rear metal electrode 4, whereby charge transfer between the photoactive layer 1 and the rear metal electrode 4 can be achieved.
Specifically, the perovskite thin film solar cell 10 further includes: and the packaging layer 6, wherein the packaging layer 6 is arranged between the front substrate layer 2 and the outer wrapping layer 72. In other words, antireflection layer 72 is disposed between encapsulation layer 6 and transparent conductive oxide layer 3, and antireflection layer 72 covers all layers between transparent conductive oxide layer 3 to rear substrate layer 5, protecting these layers (i.e., transparent conductive oxide layer 3, first charge transfer layer 71, photoactive layer 1, second charge transfer layer 8, rear metal electrode 4, rear substrate layer 5) from external moisture or gases. The first charge transfer layer 71 between the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 and the photoactive layer 1 encapsulates all layers between the photoactive layer 1 to the rear substrate layer 5, protecting these layers (i.e., photoactive layer 1, second charge transfer layer 8, rear metal electrode 4, rear substrate layer 5) from external moisture or gases. The photoactive layer 1 is secondarily coated by the first charge transfer layer 71 and the antireflection layer 72, so that the effect of isolating moisture or gas is better.
As shown in fig. 2, a rear metal electrode 4, a second charge transfer layer 8, a photoactive layer 1, a first charge transfer layer 71, a transparent conductive oxide layer 3, an anti-reflection layer 72, an encapsulation layer 6, and a front substrate layer 2 are sequentially formed on a rear substrate layer 5.
In the perovskite thin film solar cell 10 shown in fig. 2, when the first charge transfer layer 71 is deposited after the formation of the photoactive layer 1 in the formation process, a film covering the photoactive layer 1 (i.e., the first charge transfer layer 71) is formed by an ALD (atomic layer deposition) process, and at this time, TiO2May be used as the material of the first charge transport layer 71. Then, the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 may be deposited using processes such as sputtering, evaporation, and ALD, and when the anti-reflection layer 72 is deposited, ITO, AZO (Al-doped ZnO), FTO (F-doped SnO) are used2) As a material, as described above, the antireflection layer 72 is made to surround the photoactive layer 1 as in the process in which the first charge transfer layer 71 surrounds the photoactive layer 1. The anti-reflective layer 72 may be deposited as a single layer of Al2O3Or a single layer of SiOxNyOr a double-layer structure composed of both of them.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the antireflection layer 72 is disposed on a side of the transparent conductive oxide layer 3 facing sunlight, and a band gap of the antireflection layer 72 is wide, and the antireflection layer 72 has characteristics of low reflectivity, low absorption rate, and high refractive index, thereby ensuring that sunlight penetrates more through the antireflection layer 72, and obtaining a higher photocurrent in the transparent conductive oxide layer 3.
Optionally, the antireflection layer 72 is a single-layer antireflection layer or a multi-layer antireflection layer, the refractive index of the antireflection layer 72 ranges from 1.6 to 1.9, and the irradiation direction of sunlight is shown by arrows in fig. 1 to 2, that is, the direction of sunlight is the irradiation direction from the front substrate layer 2 to the rear substrate layer 5. The refractive index of the antireflection layer 72 is 1.6-1.9, so that the sunlight passing through the antireflection layer 72 is little reflected, and most sunlight is refracted and transmitted to the transparent conductive oxide layer 3, and then reaches the optical activity layer 1 to participate in photoelectric conversion.
In a practical embodiment, suitable materials are selected for the wrapping layer 7 to provide the wrapping layer 7 with a gas or moisture barrier function, the materials being selected based on their refractive index and Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) characteristics.
TABLE 1 refractive index and WVTR for various materials
Figure BDA0001941756560000061
The theoretical estimation formula of the refractive index of the antireflection layer 72 is:
Figure BDA0001941756560000062
the optimal refractive index value of the antireflection layer 72 is thus obtained, and when the antireflection layer 72 is a single-layer antireflection layer, the optimal refractive index value n is 1.82, and when the antireflection layer 72 is a double-layer antireflection layer, the optimal refractive index value n1 of the first layer is 1.66, and the optimal refractive index value n2 of the second layer is 1.86.
Optionally, the anti-reflective layer 72 is a single layer of Al2O3Layer or monolayer of SiOxNyLayer or Al2O3Layer, SiOxNyA double layer structure of layers. The antireflection layer 72 can improve the reflectivity of the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10, namely, reduce the reflectivity of sunlight and improve the refractive index of sunlight, so that the utilization rate of sunlight is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10 is improved.
For containing SiOxNyFor antireflection layer 72, the refractive index of antireflection layer 72 varies depending on SiOxNyAs can be seen from fig. 3, when the content of the N element is varied from 0% to 80%, the refractive index of the anti-reflective layer 72 is varied from 1.48 to 1.88, and the refractive index and the content of the N element are approximately in positive correlation.
The perovskite thin film solar cell 10 has a photogenerated current of Jph SiOxNyThe content of the medium N element also has an effect on Jph, as shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the change in the photo-generated current Jph depends on SiOxNyThe content of the N element is highest when the content of the N element is approximately 60 percent, and Jph is highest. At this time, SiOxNyThe thickness of the layer was 100 nm. Mixing AlOxAnd the content of N element is 60%SiO of (2)xNyThe optimal layer thickness of the layer is simulated as a single antireflection layer, ensuring a higher photo-generated current Jph.
Fig. 5-6 show that the photo-generated current Jph of the perovskite thin film solar cell 10 depends on the layer thickness, and the reference structure (Ref.) in fig. 5-6 is that no anti-reflective layer 72 is provided between the front substrate layer 2 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3, which Jph is small. The results of FIGS. 5-6 show that in SiOxNyThickness of 80nm and Al2O3The optimum Jph value was obtained at a thickness of 100 nm. Jph exhibited a maximum of about 0.7mA/cm after the antireflective layer 72 was provided, as compared to the reference Jph (without the antireflective layer 72)2Is increased. This may result in an increase of about 0.7% in efficiency, with a reference efficiency of 18.06% (Jsc 22.05 mA/cm), assuming that the other unit parameters (e.g., Voc and FF) are the same2Voc 1.05V and FF 78%), whereby the antireflection layer 72 is provided, for example, with SiOxNyThe thickness is 75nm (Jsc is 22.87 mA/cm)2Voc 1.05V, FF 78%), the efficiency was 18.73%.
FIG. 7 shows the photo-generated current Jph versus different Al for a perovskite thin film solar cell 10 with a double anti-reflective layer2O3、SiOxNyThe relationship of the thickness combination.
The reference structure (Ref.) in fig. 7 is such that no antireflection layer 72 is provided between the front substrate layer 2 and the transparent conductive oxide layer 3, and Jph is small. As can be seen from fig. 7, the perovskite thin film solar cell 10 with a double anti-reflective layer has Jph higher than Jph of the reference structure and higher than Jph of a single anti-reflective layer. In SiOxNyThickness of 80nm and Al2O3The maximum Jph value is almost 23mA/cm under the condition of the thickness of 90nm2。
Alternatively, the front substrate layer 2 and the rear substrate layer 5 are both glass substrates, whereby the front substrate layer 2 and the rear substrate layer 5 may better support other functional layers.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first charge transport layer 71 and the second charge transport layer 8 may be a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer.
According to the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the antireflection layer 72 is arranged in the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10, so that the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10 has low light reflectivity, and meanwhile, the photoactive layer 1 is coated by the first charge transfer layer 71 and/or the antireflection layer 72, so that the perovskite thin-film solar cell 10 has high reliability. In addition, since the wrapping layer 7 is served by the first charge transport layer 71 and/or the antireflection layer 72 without using an additional material and process, it is advantageous to save costs.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A perovskite thin film solar cell (10) characterized in that it comprises: -stacked multilayer functional layers, one of said layers being a photoactive layer (1), and at least one other of said layers, excluding said photoactive layer (1), being configured as a wrapping layer (7), said wrapping layer (7) comprising: a wrap-around layer body acting as an overlying portion and a peripheral layer extending from at least part of an edge of the wrap-around layer body, the wrap-around layer body and the peripheral layer wrapping around at least three sides of the photoactive layer (1).
2. The perovskite thin-film solar cell (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the wrapping layer (7) is a layer and the wrapping layer (7) entirely covers the photoactive layer (1).
3. The perovskite thin-film solar cell (10) according to claim 1, comprising: the packaging structure comprises a front substrate layer (2), a transparent conductive oxide layer (3), the photoactive layer (1), a rear metal electrode (4), an encapsulation layer (6) and a rear substrate layer (5) which are arranged from a first direction to a second direction, wherein a wrapping layer body of a wrapping layer (7) is arranged between the photoactive layer (1) and the rear metal electrode (4), and a peripheral layer of the wrapping layer (7) at least wraps the photoactive layer (1).
4. Perovskite thin-film solar cell (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the wrapping layer (7) is a first charge transfer layer, the wrapping layer (7) further wrapping the front substrate layer (2), the transparent conductive oxide layer (3).
5. Perovskite thin film solar cell (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that a second charge transfer layer (8) is arranged between the transparent conductive oxide layer (3), the photoactive layer (1) and an antireflective layer (72) is arranged between the front substrate layer (2) and the transparent conductive oxide layer (3).
6. The perovskite thin-film solar cell (10) according to claim 1, wherein the wrapping layer (7) is a plurality of layers, and the plurality of wrapping layers (7) are nested together, wherein an inner wrapping layer (71) of the plurality of wrapping layers (7) entirely wraps the photoactive layer (1), and an outer wrapping layer (72) of the plurality of wrapping layers (7) at least partially wraps the photoactive layer (1).
7. Perovskite thin-film solar cell (10) according to claim 6, characterized by comprising: the photoelectric composite material comprises a front substrate layer (2), an encapsulation layer (6), a transparent conductive oxide layer (3), a photoactive layer (1), a rear metal electrode (4) and a rear substrate layer (5), wherein the front substrate layer, the encapsulation layer (6), the transparent conductive oxide layer (3) and the rear substrate layer are arranged from a first direction to a second direction, a second charge transfer layer (8) is arranged between the photoactive layer (1) and the rear metal electrode (4), a wrapping layer body of an inner wrapping layer (71) is arranged between the photoactive layer (1) and the transparent conductive oxide layer (3), a peripheral layer of the inner wrapping layer (71) at least wraps the photoactive layer (1), a wrapping layer body of an outer wrapping layer (72) is arranged between the encapsulation layer (6) and the transparent conductive oxide layer (3), and a peripheral layer of the outer wrapping layer (72) at least partially wraps the photoactive layer (1).
8. The perovskite thin-film solar cell (10) according to claim 7, wherein the inner layer winding layer (71) is a first charge transfer layer, the inner layer winding layer (71) further coating the rear metal electrode (4), the rear substrate layer (5); the outer layer wrapping layer (72) is an antireflection layer, and the transparent conductive oxide layer (3) and the inner layer wrapping layer (71) are further wrapped by the outer layer wrapping layer (72).
9. The perovskite thin film solar cell (10) according to claim 5 or 8, wherein the anti-reflection layer (72) is a single layer or a multi-layer anti-reflection layer, and the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer (72) is 1.6-1.9.
10. Perovskite thin film solar cell (10) according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that the anti-reflection layer (72) is a single layer of Al2O3Layer or monolayer of SiOxNyLayer or Al2O3Layer, SiOxNyA double layer structure of layers.
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