CN109784881A - General across chain payment scheme based on decentralization gateway - Google Patents
General across chain payment scheme based on decentralization gateway Download PDFInfo
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- CN109784881A CN109784881A CN201811638419.4A CN201811638419A CN109784881A CN 109784881 A CN109784881 A CN 109784881A CN 201811638419 A CN201811638419 A CN 201811638419A CN 109784881 A CN109784881 A CN 109784881A
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Abstract
The present invention is based on general across the chain payment schemes of decentralization gateway, solve across chain communication and scaling problem by two core components: first, across chain communication system contract, second, across the chain gateway of decentralization.Include across the process that chain is transferred accounts: 1, user calls transmission interface, and token is given to source chain intelligence contract itself；2, relay node calls forwarding interface, the intelligent contract itself oneself token on object chain being given on object chain；3, object chain is inside forwarding interface, destination address token being given on object chain；4, source chain is when handling response interface, if requested successfully, then pay gateway account, otherwise user is returned, user's not instead of direct payment has given gateway, and gateway needs are paid for first, only after the completion of gateway payment, gateway just is paid by intelligent contract, user does not need to trust gateway, and gateway also needs not worry about user.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides carry out exchange of value between a kind of general multiple block catenary systems independent of center and lead to
The method of letter not only can solve the interconnection problem of different blocks chain, and the extension of single block chain can also be solved by interconnection
Property problem, similar to more single machines by interconnection composition cluster solve single machine scaling concern.
Background technique
Current block catenary system is isolated island mostly, similar to the single personal computer of the not network savvy of early stage, not same district
It is difficult to communicate between block chain, single block chain is also difficult to be extended by interconnection.
Centralization exchange, centralization gateway (such as Cosmos Network), RTC Relay, the Plasma in ether mill.
By the exchange of centralization, user can complete exchange of value between different blocks chain, but this mode needs
It wants user in all accounts of trading, needs manual operations, be not a kind of technological means of automation, it also can be only done value and hands over
It changes, rather than a kind of general communication mechanism.
By the gateway (such as Cosmos Network) of centralization, the value between different blocks chain is may be implemented in user
Exchange and communication, but gateway is centralization, sacrifices the characteristic of the most important decentralization of block chain.
The RTC Relay and Plasma in ether mill solves the problems, such as some specifically across chain, but is not general block
Exchange of value and communication means between chain.RTC Relay is for connecting bit coin and ether mill, but it is only used for this two
Chain is also only used for verifying bit coin transaction.
Plasma can transmit token between the POW main chain and subchain in ether mill, but it requires subchain using UTXO mould
Type, limits very big, can only also transmit token, rather than general communication mechanism.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide be worth between a kind of general multiple block catenary systems independent of center
The method of exchange and communication, not only can solve the interconnection problem of different blocks chain, can also solve single block by interconnection
The scaling concern of chain solves the scaling concern of single machine similar to more single machines by interconnection composition cluster.
Present invention firstly provides following schemes.
General across chain payment scheme based on decentralization gateway, it is characterised in that: comprising across chain communication system contract and
Two parts of across the chain gateway of decentralization, across chain communication system contract are deployed on every block chain, across the chain gateway of decentralization
It is made of multiple nodes, a trunking application is run on each node, configuration connects two or more block chains, in difference
Transmitting value and message between block chain；
Across chain communication system contract includes transmission interface, forwarding interface and response interface, wherein transmission interface and forwarding interface are
Receive user's payment；
Transmission interface is called by user or contract, and triggering is transferred accounts across chain and/or all purpose communication, suction parameter include at least: source
Address, object chain, destination address and request message；
Forwarding interface is called by relay node, forwards request message to object chain, and suction parameter includes at least: source chain, request
Serial number, source address, destination address and request message；
Response interface is called by relay node, forwards the response message of object chain to give source chain, suction parameter includes at least: target
Chain requests serial number, transfer accounts whether successful and response message；
Across chain communication system contract also includes: sending message queue, received message queue and sends message authentication serial number；
The message that transmission interface issues is put into transmission message queue, and according to target chain is retained separately for queue,
After forwarding interface receives request message, message is handled, processing result is put into received message queue, received message queue is pressed
Source chain is retained separately；
Sending message authentication serial number, according to target chain is retained separately, after source chain calls the response for receiving object chain by response interface,
Update the acknowledged sequence number for being directed to object chain；
Across chain communication system contract also includes: request event and response events；
Request event generates new request message, and transmission interface issues after request message is put into transmission message queue, requests thing
Part information includes object chain and request serial number；
Response events generate new response message, generate response message by forwarding interface, issue after being put into received message queue, ring
Answer event information include source chain, message sequence number, whether successful and response message；
It is as follows based on above-mentioned across chain transfer process:
S1, user call transmission interface, and token is given to source chain intelligence contract itself；
S2, relay node call forwarding interface, the intelligent contract itself oneself token on object chain being given on object chain；
S3, object chain are inside forwarding interface, destination address token is given on object chain；
S4, source chain are when handling response interface, if requesting successfully, to pay gateway account, otherwise return user.
System structure of the invention has following features: the present invention is a kind of general scheme.It can not only transfer accounts, can also realize
General across chain request and response, this can be used for extending the processing capacity of single chain, can expand similar to network connecting function
Open up the processing capacity of single machine.
Transferring accounts in the present invention across chain and communication are reliable.Intelligent contract safeguards message status, and every message is all necessary
Have confirmation, message id can be checked, unsuccessfully can rollback, gateway can have it is multiple, can automatic synchronization message etc., lead to
Cross the reliable transfer of reliable transmission and value that these realize message.
Across chain gateway in the present invention is decentralization:
1, user is without trusting gateway.User not transfers accounts to gateway, but is given to intelligent contract, receives intelligence after object chain confirmation
Energy contract is just given to gateway, and gateway is without user is worried, because intelligent contract, which is once proved to be successful, will pay gateway.
2, gateway can have multiple, can be added/exit at any time.Gateway does not safeguard state, and state-maintenance is in intelligent contract
In, gateway can be added at any time, and the forwarding of request/response is synchronized and started by synchronized algorithm；Gateway can also have very
More, competition participates in the request/response forwarding with a pair of of chain, and intelligent contract ensures that the consistency of message；Gateway can also be at any time
It exits, other gateways can replace forwarding, if a certain moment or a period of time, is responsible for request/response without any gateway and turns
Hair, request and response can be maintained in intelligent contract, and gateway will do it synchronization after restoring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system architecture diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is main API, storage model and event across catenary system contract in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is across chain communication request responding process of the invention.
Fig. 4 is across chain gateway synchronized algorithm of the invention.
Fig. 5 is across chain transfer process of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is based on general across the chain payment schemes of decentralization gateway, refering to Figure 1, passing through two core groups
Part solves across chain communication and scaling problem: first, across chain communication system and about BCC (Blockchain Communication
Contract), second, across the chain gateway BG of decentralization (Blockchain Gateway).BCC is an intelligent contract, deployment
On every block chain.BG is the network of a decentralization, is made of multiple nodes, the node in BG can freely be added/
It exits, a trunking application is run on each node, the two or more block chains of connection can be configured, in different blocks chain
Between transmitting value and message.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 2, BCC there are three primary interface API, English herein below or parameter statement all with
Be illustrated for solidity language in mill very much: transmission interface (below with send, the statement of send interface), forwarding interface (with
It is lower to be stated with forward or forward interface) and response interface (below with ack or ack interface state), send with
Forward is payable, it can receives user's payment.
Send interface is called by ordinary user or contract, and triggering is transferred accounts across chain and/or all purpose communication, there is at least four parameter,
DestChain indicates that object chain, destAddr indicate the address in object chain, and reqMsg indicates general request message, the party
Method is payable, and for money transfer transactions, transfer amounts do not need explicitly to transmit in implicit parameter msg.value,
For srcAddr for specifying source address, srcAddr is generally identical as account is sent, but if send interface is called by contract, then may be used
Account can be different.
Forward interface is called by relay node, it forwards request message to object chain, there is 5 parameters, srcChain table
Showing source chain, id indicates request serial number, request serial number order-assigned in send interface calling by intelligent contract, srcAddr,
DestAddr and reqMsg is identical as in send interface.Forward interface is also payable, and transfer amounts are in implicit ginseng
In number transfer amounts msg.value (solidity language in ether mill).
Ack interface is also called by relay node, it forwards the response message of object chain to give source chain, there is 4 parameters,
DestChain indicates object chain, and id indicates request message id, corresponding with the id in forward, and whether success expression transfers accounts
Success, resMsg indicate general response message.
There are two class message queues in contract, sends message queue and received message queue.The message that send interface issues
It is put into transmission message queue, according to target chain is retained separately for queue.After object chain receives request message by forward calling, place
Message is managed, processing result is put into received message queue, received message queue is retained separately by source chain.It is also preserved in contract
Message authentication serial number is sent, according to target chain is retained separately acknowledged sequence number, and source chain calls the response for receiving object chain by ack interface
Afterwards, the acknowledged sequence number for being directed to object chain is updated.
Two events of Contracts Definitions, it may be assumed that request event (hereinafter referred to as Request or Request event) and response thing
Part (hereinafter referred to as Response or Response event).Request expression produces a new request message, is connect by send
Mouth issues after placing the message in transmission message queue, and event information includes object chain destChain and request message id.
Response expression produces a new response message, generates response message by forward interface, is put into received message queue
After issue, event information include source chain srcChain, request message id, whether successful success and response message resMsg.
It please refers to shown in Fig. 3, is across chain communication request responding process of the invention:
1, when user or intelligent contract initiation are transferred accounts or communicated across chain, the intelligence and about send interface in this ground chain is called, is transmitted
Source address srcAddr, target chain address destChain, destination address destAddr, transfer amounts (if there is transferring accounts), request
Message reqMsg.
2, this ground chain A stores message to local request queue, and according to target chain is stored separately for queue, and request message id is from 1
Start to distribute, sequentially increase, last request message serial number (lastSentId) is preserved in each queue, and message is touched after saving
Send out Request event.
3, across chain gateway node listens to Request event, connection chain A acquisition request details.
4, across chain gateway forwards are requested, intelligence and about forward interface on invocation target chain B.
5, the intelligent contract of object chain B handles message, after processing, constructs response message according to processing result and is put into response
Queue, response message are retained separately by source chain, and last received message serial number is preserved in each queue
(lastRecvMsgId), Response event is triggered after preservation.
6, across chain gateway node listens to Response event, and intelligence and about ack the interface forwarding on source chain A is called to ring
It answers.
7, the ack interface internal on source chain A updates quene state, updates the acknowledged sequence number lastAckId for being directed to object chain,
Handle possible failure rollback, and the call back function resCallback for calling user to provide.
Across chain gateway does not save state, and institute is stateful to be all stored in intelligent contract, if relay node misses out event
Message, or collapsed, it can by lastSentId, lastAckId for inquiring on intelligent contract and
LastRecvMsgId etc. gets newest message status and carries out forwarding appropriate, to keep synchronous.
Referring to Fig. 4, which show the process of across chain gateway synchronisation source chain srcChain and object chain destChain, it should
Process ensures that source chain srcChain is sent to the reliable transmission of the message of object chain destChain.If lastAckId be greater than etc.
In lastSentId, all message for showing that srcChain is sent out all receive response, synchronize and be completed.Otherwise just according to mesh
LastRecvMsgId on mark chain handles message respectively, between lastRecvMsgId+1 to lastSentId
Message, there are no being forwarded, the forward interface on invocation target chain is forwarded, and is arrived for lastAckId+1
Message between lastRecvMsgId, response are forwarded not yet, call the ack method transmitted response on the chain of source.
Request and response message can be repeated forwarding, and intelligent contract can check message id, it is ensured that meet expection.
In forward interface internal, it may require that request message id is equal to lastRecvMsgId+1, if it is not, mistake can be returned.?
Inside ack method, it may require that response message id is equal to lastAckId+1, if it is not, can equally return to mistake.It in this way can be with
Ensure the orderly transmitting of message.
Can there are multiple gateway nodes to participate in the message forwarding with a pair of of chains, intelligent contract can receive first receive disappear
Breath, ignores subsequent repetition message.
Relay node has account on every chain, and across chain transfer process is as follows:
1, when user calls send interface, token is given to this ground chain A intelligence contract itself.
2, when relay node calls forward interface, oneself token on object chain B is given to the intelligence on object chain
Contract itself.
3, object chain B is in forward interface internal, destination address token being given on object chain.
4, chain A in source is when handling ack method, if requesting successfully, to pay gateway account, otherwise return user.
In the above process, user's not instead of direct payment has given gateway, and gateway needs are paid for first, and only gateway has been paid
Cheng Hou just pays gateway by intelligent contract, and user does not need to trust gateway, and gateway also needs not worry about user.
In the above process, on the one hand gateway is responsible for forwarding request/response, is on the other hand responsible for the fund of paying for first, behind
Driving force be mainly business reason, for example, can obtain token excitation, can collect transfer accounts expense etc., the present invention does not visit specially
It begs for.
The present invention is a kind of general scheme.It can not only transfer accounts, can also realize general across chain request and response, this can
With the processing capacity for extending single chain, the processing capacity of single machine can be extended similar to network connecting function.
Transferring accounts in the present invention across chain and communication are reliable.Intelligent contract safeguards message status, and every message is all necessary
Have confirmation, message id can be checked, unsuccessfully can rollback, gateway can have it is multiple, can automatic synchronization message etc., lead to
Cross the reliable transfer of reliable transmission and value that these realize message.
Across chain gateway in the present invention is decentralization:
1, user is without trusting gateway.User not transfers accounts to gateway, but is given to intelligent contract, receives intelligence after object chain confirmation
Energy contract is just given to gateway, and gateway is without user is worried, because intelligent contract, which is once proved to be successful, will pay gateway.
2, gateway can have multiple, can be added/exit at any time.Gateway does not safeguard state, and state-maintenance is in intelligent contract
In, gateway can be added at any time, and the forwarding of request/response is synchronized and started by synchronized algorithm；Gateway can also have very
More, competition participates in the request/response forwarding with a pair of of chain, and intelligent contract ensures that the consistency of message；Gateway can also be at any time
It exits, other gateways can replace forwarding, if a certain moment or a period of time, is responsible for request/response without any gateway and turns
Hair, request and response can be maintained in intelligent contract, and gateway will do it synchronization after restoring.
Claims (3)
1. general across the chain payment scheme based on decentralization gateway, it is characterised in that: comprising across chain communication system contract and go
Two parts of across the chain gateway of centralization, across chain communication system contract are deployed on every block chain, across the chain gateway of decentralization by
Multiple nodes form, and a trunking application are run on each node, configuration connects two or more block chains, in not same district
Transmitting value and message between block chain；
Across chain communication system contract includes transmission interface, forwarding interface and response interface, wherein transmission interface and forwarding interface are
Receive user's payment；
Transmission interface is called by user or contract, and triggering is transferred accounts across chain and/or all purpose communication, suction parameter include at least: source
Address, object chain, destination address and request message；
Forwarding interface is called by relay node, forwards request message to object chain, and suction parameter includes at least: source chain, request
Serial number, source address, destination address and request message；
Response interface is called by relay node, forwards the response message of object chain to give source chain, suction parameter includes at least: target
Chain requests serial number, transfer accounts whether successful and response message；
Across chain communication system contract also includes: sending message queue, received message queue and sends message authentication serial number；
The message that transmission interface issues is put into transmission message queue, and according to target chain is retained separately for queue,
After forwarding interface receives request message, message is handled, processing result is put into received message queue, received message queue is pressed
Source chain is retained separately；
Sending message authentication serial number, according to target chain is retained separately, after source chain calls the response for receiving object chain by response interface,
Update the acknowledged sequence number for being directed to object chain；
Across chain communication system contract also includes: request event and response events；
Request event generates new request message, and transmission interface issues after request message is put into transmission message queue, requests thing
Part information includes object chain and request serial number；
Response events generate new response message, generate response message by forwarding interface, issue after being put into received message queue, ring
Answer event information include source chain, message sequence number, whether successful and response message；
It is as follows based on above-mentioned across chain transfer process:
S1, user call transmission interface, and token is given to source chain intelligence contract itself；
S2, relay node call forwarding interface, the intelligent contract itself oneself token on object chain being given on object chain；
S3, object chain are inside forwarding interface, destination address token is given on object chain；
S4, source chain are when handling response interface, if requesting successfully, to pay gateway account, otherwise return user.
2. general across the chain payment scheme based on decentralization gateway as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
General across chain across the chain gateway of payment scheme decentralization based on decentralization gateway includes synchronisation source chain and object chain
Synchronization program, content are as follows:
When acknowledged sequence number (lastAckId) be more than or equal to last transmission message sequence number (lastSentId), show source chain issue
All message gone all receive response, same to the end of the step；
When acknowledged sequence number (lastAckId) is less than last transmission message sequence number (lastSentId), last received message sequence
Number (lastRecvMsgId) handles message respectively, is arrived for last received message serial number (lastRecvMsgId)+1
Message between last transmission message sequence number (lastSentId), there are no being forwarded, the forwarding on invocation target chain is connect
Mouth is forwarded, between the received message serial number (lastRecvMsgId) of acknowledged sequence number (lastAckId)+1 to the end
Message, response are forwarded not yet, call the response interface transmitted response on the chain of source.
3. general across the chain payment scheme based on decentralization gateway as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Inside forwarding interface, it may require that request message serial number is equal to last received message serial number (lastRecvMsgId)+1, such as
Fruit is not that can return to mistake；
Inside response interface, it may require that response message serial number is equal to acknowledged sequence number (lastAckId)+1, if it is not, same meeting
Return to mistake.
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