CN109782291B - Planar array transducer array and multi-mode phase control device - Google Patents
Planar array transducer array and multi-mode phase control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109782291B CN109782291B CN201811591967.6A CN201811591967A CN109782291B CN 109782291 B CN109782291 B CN 109782291B CN 201811591967 A CN201811591967 A CN 201811591967A CN 109782291 B CN109782291 B CN 109782291B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planar transducer array and a multi-mode phase control device, wherein the planar transducer array comprises: a circular planar array and a number of taps, the circular planar array divided into 6 regions, including: a fifth area formed by two rows of middle transverse elements, a sixth area formed by two columns of middle longitudinal elements, a first area on the upper right, a second area on the upper left, a third area on the lower left and a fourth area on the lower right after the circular planar array is divided by the fifth area and the sixth area; the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are respectively provided with a tap; setting one tap for every two vertical direction elements of the fifth area, and setting M taps in total; each two parallel direction elements of the sixth area are provided with one tap, and M taps are arranged in total; and a central emission tap is arranged at the intersection center of the fifth area and the sixth area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean information equipment, in particular to a planar array transducer array and a multi-modal phase control device, which utilize a multi-elementary planar array to realize the combination of split beams and multi-beams formed in multiple phase control modes.
Background
The sonar technology is widely applied to fishery resource assessment, and the multi-beam mode has wider coverage range and higher resolution, can simultaneously realize measurement of scattering signals of fish schools in multiple directions, and is suitable for fish school detection and resource investigation and assessment; the split beam pattern enables measurement of the target intensity of the cell and the exact location of the cell in the beam. The existing fishery resource investigation, monitoring and evaluation equipment and instrument split beam and multi-beam modes are independently used in the fishery resource detection process, and can not complete monomer measurement and resource evaluation in real time at the same time and quickly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide a phased array which utilizes a single planar array transducer array to realize multiple modes such as split beams, linear multiple beams and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a planar transducer array comprising: a circular planar array and a number of taps, the circular planar array divided into 6 regions, including: a fifth area formed by two rows of middle transverse elements, a sixth area formed by two columns of middle longitudinal elements, a first area on the upper right, a second area on the upper left, a third area on the lower left and a fourth area on the lower right after the circular planar array is divided by the fifth area and the sixth area; the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are respectively provided with a tap; setting one tap for every two vertical direction elements of the fifth area, and setting M taps in total; each two parallel direction elements of the sixth area are provided with one tap, and M taps are arranged in total; and a central emission tap is arranged at the intersection center of the fifth area and the sixth area.
As an improvement to the above arrangement, the planar transducer array is further provided with a common ground tap.
As a modification of the above apparatus, the number of cells in the first, second, third and fourth regions is equal; n, which is determined by the beam width, conversion efficiency and side lobe levels.
As a modification of the above apparatus, the number of cells in the row-wise direction of the fifth area and the number of cells in the column-wise direction of the sixth area are both M; m is determined by the beamwidth after beamforming.
A multi-modal phased array apparatus comprising the planar transducer array of claim, a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers for phased array of split beam patterns, line multi-beam patterns and a combination of split beam and line multi-beam patterns.
As an improvement to the apparatus described above, when the apparatus is in split beam mode, the elements of the first region are connected together to form a separate beam; the elements of the second area region are connected together to form an independent beam; the elements of the third area are connected together to form an independent beam; the elements of the fourth area are connected together to form an independent beam, the four independent beams are driven by a transmitter to realize single beam transmission in the phase control normal direction, the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are respectively connected with four independent receivers to process signals received by the four areas after conditioning respectively to form split beams.
As an improvement of the above apparatus, when the apparatus is in the straight multi-beam mode, the central transmitting tap is connected to a transmitter for forming a transmitting beam with a larger opening angle, and the M taps of the fifth and sixth regions are respectively connected to M receivers.
As an improvement of the above device, when the device is in a combined mode of split beams and linear multi-beams, all the elements of the first, second, third and fourth regions are connected to a transmitter to form a phased single-beam transmission perpendicular to the normal direction; the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are respectively connected with four independent receivers; the M taps in the fifth area and the sixth area are respectively connected with M-path receivers, and the M narrow beams are formed after the received signals are conditioned, so that the reception of the M beams in the horizontal and vertical directions is realized.
As an improvement of the above device, the M taps in the fifth area and the sixth area are further connected to M transmitters, respectively, so as to implement phased transmission of narrow beams and form directional transmission beams.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the phased array only utilizes one plane transducer array to realize the functions of splitting wave beams, multi-wave beams and combined wave beam modes, is flexible in configuration, and can meet the requirements of single measurement, target tracking and rapid resource quantity evaluation in the fish school detection process;
2. the array of the invention can realize investigation and evaluation of resource amount while detecting fishery resources, and is particularly suitable for fixed installation of water areas such as rivers, lakes and the like to realize real-time monitoring of water body profiles;
3. the phased array can simultaneously form split beams and linear array multiple beams, realizes the functions of measuring and tracking fish school monomers, can meet the requirement of fishery resource accurate investigation, is particularly suitable for the fixed installation of rivers, lakes and other water areas to realize the application of real-time monitoring of water body profiles, and therefore, the fishery resource acoustic detection and resource evaluation are integrated and are rapid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of a planar phased transducer array element according to the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of a linear array tap connection of the planar transducer array region 5;
FIG. 2(b) is a schematic diagram of a linear array tap connection of the planar transducer array region 6;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the beam formed by the linear array of the present invention, which illustrates that M beams are formed, and not each element forms an independent beam, and each independent beam is formed by M elements through phase control.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention aims to provide a phased array and a phased method for realizing multimode such as split beam, linear multi-beam and the like by using a single planar array transducer array.
In order to obtain a symmetrical split beam mode, a circular array is adopted by a planar array, the circular planar array is divided into 6 areas, and the area is composed of four quadrants (quadrant areas 1-4) and two crossed areas of a cross-shaped linear array (linear array areas 5-6). Each of the four quadrants is divided into two lateral and longitudinal dimensions, each dimension consisting of N elements, where N depends on the beam width. The cross word line array is composed of two crossed linear arrays, each linear array element is composed of linear array elements, wherein the linear crossed central element is shared by the two linear arrays, the number M of the linear crossed central elements is determined by the beam width after beam forming, and the M elements are connected with M taps.
The planar array transducer array can independently realize split wave beams and linear multi-beam, and simultaneously can realize mixed phase control of two modes of the split wave beams and the linear multi-beam.
The phase control process of the invention is as follows:
in the split beam mode, elements of each of four quadrants are connected together to form four independent beams, the four quadrant elements are driven by one transmitter to realize single beam transmission in the phase control normal direction, and signals of the four quadrant elements are received by four independent receivers to further realize the transmission and the reception of the split beams.
In the linear multi-beam mode, M independent taps are formed for each element in each linear array in the crossed area of the 5-shaped and 6-shaped cross arrays, and a plurality of elements in the center of the cross are connected with 1 path of transmitter by using 1 independent tap, so that a transmitting beam with a larger opening angle is formed to irradiate a larger water area. The M taps are connected to the M receivers, and M independent narrow beams are formed through signal conditioning, so that the multiple direction scattering echoes of the fish can be measured.
In a combined mode of split beams and linear multi-beams, the mode has the main function of simultaneously finishing the detection and evaluation functions, four quadrant elements are connected with one path of transmitter to form phase-controlled single-beam transmission perpendicular to the normal direction, and four quadrants form four independent receptions through 4 paths of reception to realize the reception of the split beams; meanwhile, according to the requirement, vertical and horizontal beams are independently received or simultaneously received, M taps are connected with M receivers, received signals are conditioned to form M narrow beams, and the reception of the M beams in the horizontal and vertical directions is realized. Optionally, the M taps may also be connected to M transmitters, so as to implement phase-controlled transmission of narrow beams, and form directional transmission beams.
The invention provides a multi-phase control planar array transducer array and a phase control method, which utilize a planar array to simultaneously realize the transmitting and receiving of split beams, linear multi-beam multi-mode or combined mode.
The planar phased array is divided into 4 quadrant areas and 2 linear array areas of 1 crossed cross array, each quadrant is divided into a horizontal dimension and a longitudinal dimension, and each dimension is composed of N elements, wherein N is determined by the beam width, the conversion efficiency and the side lobe level.
When the wave beam is split, all the elements of the four quadrants are not controlled in phase and are transmitted simultaneously, a single wave beam in the normal direction can be formed in space, each element in the four quadrants 1-4 is connected to the 4 taps respectively and is received independently, and split wave beam receiving can be formed in space.
And each linear array in the cross region is distributed with the number of elements according to the required beam width and the number of beams, and the array is distributed among the elements according to the half wavelength, so that the space sampling theorem is satisfied. When the length of the linear array is selected, the sizes of four quadrant elements of the split beam are considered.
In the linear multi-beam mode, M independent taps are formed for each element in each linear array in the crossed area of the 5-shaped and 6-shaped cross arrays, and a plurality of elements in the center of the cross are connected with 1 path of transmitter by using 1 independent tap, so that a transmitting beam with a larger opening angle is formed to irradiate a larger water area. The M taps are connected to the M receivers, and M independent narrow beams are formed through signal conditioning, so that the multiple direction scattering echoes of the fish can be measured.
Under a mixed split beam and linear multi-beam mode, the mode has the main function of simultaneously finishing the detection and evaluation functions, four quadrant elements are connected with one path of transmitter to form phase-controlled single-beam transmission perpendicular to the normal direction, and four quadrants form four independent receptions through 4 paths of reception to realize the reception of split beams; meanwhile, according to the requirement, vertical and horizontal beams are independently received or simultaneously received, M taps are connected with M receivers, received signals are conditioned to form M narrow beams, and the reception of the M beams in the horizontal and vertical directions is realized.
In addition, optionally, M taps of each linear array in the "ten" intersection region may also be connected to M transmitters to form a narrow beam for phased transmission, so as to implement directional transmission, thereby implementing monitoring on a region in a specific direction, and such a monitoring range is small.
The planar transducer array related by the invention comprises 4 split beam taps, 1 common ground tap, M vertical beam taps, M horizontal beam taps, 1 cross array center transmitting tap, and 2M +6 taps of the whole planar array transducer, wherein M is determined by the beam width formed by a linear array.
Example 1:
in conjunction with the schematic diagram of the planar array in fig. 1, defining the tap of quadrant 1 as Z1, the tap of quadrant 2 as Z2, the tap of quadrant 3 as Z3, the tap of quadrant fourth as Z4, and the tap of zone 5 of the horizontal linear array as X1, X2, … XM-1, XM, as shown in fig. 2 (a); the taps in the 6 th region of the vertical linear array are Y1, Y2, …, YM-1, YM, as shown in FIG. 2 (b). 1 common ground tap, 1 central transmit tap; there are 2M +6 taps, where M is determined by the linear array forming beamwidth. Assuming that the beam width formed by the linear array is 5 °, the beam width perpendicular to the linear direction is 50 °, M is 20, the number of elements perpendicular to the linear direction is 2, and 1 tap is connected in total, the total number of taps of the planar array is 46, and the central transmission element is a transmission tap consisting of 4 elements of 2 × 2, and the transmission beam width is 50 ° × 50 °. The elements corresponding to the ten-crossed linear array taps are arranged at intervals according to the central half wavelength, and the space sampling theorem is met.
In the split beam mode, 1 transmitter 1 is needed to be connected with Z1-Z4, 4 receivers are respectively connected with Z1-Z4, the transmitter 1 is used for transmitting a single beam in water, and signals of transducers received by four quadrants are conditioned and amplified by the 1-4 four receivers to be processed to form split beams.
In the multi-beam mode, 1 path of transmitter is connected to a central transmitting tap, and the transmitter transmits a wide beam in the normal direction to water to irradiate a water area with a wide window. The 20-path receiver is connected to 20 taps of a horizontal linear array of the 5 regions, 20 narrow-band beams of 5 degrees in the horizontal direction can be formed, and a fan-shaped scattering image of the fish school is formed for the irradiated water area, so that the fish school monitoring and resource evaluation are realized. Similarly, a 20-channel receiver is connected to 20 taps of a vertical linear array of 6 regions, and 20 narrow-band beams of 5 degrees in the vertical direction can be formed. If the horizontal linear array and the vertical linear array are received simultaneously, accurate measurement is achieved on fish scattering signals of the irradiation area. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of beam forming.
In the mixed beam mode, according to the actual need of wide beam transmission or narrow beam transmission in the monitoring area, a central tap can be used for connecting a transmitter to transmit a wide beam, a transmitter connected with the transmission beam of a split beam can also be used for transmitting a narrow beam, a receiver connected with the beams Z1-Z4 and transducer signals received by four quadrants are processed after being conditioned and amplified to form the split beam. The receiver connected with 20 taps of the horizontal and vertical linear arrays conditions and amplifies the signals of the receiving transducer to respectively form 20 narrow-band beams, and finally forms a cross acoustic image of the monitored water area.
Optionally, 20 taps of each linear array in the "ten" intersection region may also be connected to 20 transmitters to form a narrow beam for phased transmission, so as to implement directional transmission, thereby implementing monitoring of a region in a specific direction, and such a monitoring range is small.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A multi-modal phase control apparatus, comprising a planar transducer array, a plurality of transmitters and a plurality of receivers for phase controlling a split beam pattern, a line multi-beam pattern, and a combination of split and line multi-beams;
the planar transducer array includes: a circular planar array and a number of taps, the circular planar array divided into 6 regions, including: a fifth area formed by two rows of middle transverse elements, a sixth area formed by two columns of middle longitudinal elements, a first area on the upper right, a second area on the upper left, a third area on the lower left and a fourth area on the lower right after the circular planar array is divided by the fifth area and the sixth area; the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are respectively provided with a tap; setting one tap for every two vertical direction elements of the fifth area, and setting M taps in total; each two parallel direction elements of the sixth area are provided with one tap, and M taps are arranged in total; a central emission tap is arranged at the intersection center of the fifth area and the sixth area; the planar transducer array is also provided with a common ground tap; the number of the elements in the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area is equal; n is determined by the beam width, the conversion efficiency and the side lobe level; the number of the elements in the row transverse direction of the fifth area and the number of the elements in the column longitudinal direction of the sixth area are both M; m is determined by the beamwidth after beamforming;
when the device is in split beam mode, the elements of the first region are connected together to form an independent beam; the elements of the second area are connected together to form an independent beam; the elements of the third area are connected together to form an independent beam; the elements of the fourth area are connected together to form an independent beam, the four independent beams are driven by a transmitter to realize single beam transmission in the phase control normal direction, and the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are respectively connected with four independent receivers to process signals received by the four areas after conditioning respectively to form split beams;
when the device is in a straight line multi-beam mode, the central transmitting tap is connected with a transmitter for forming a transmitting beam with a larger opening angle, and the M taps of the fifth area and the sixth area are respectively connected with M receivers;
when the device is in a combined mode of split beams and linear multi-beams, all elements of the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are connected to a transmitter to form phase-controlled single-beam emission perpendicular to the normal direction; the first area, the second area, the third area and the fourth area are respectively connected with four independent receivers; the M taps in the fifth area and the sixth area are respectively connected with M-path receivers, and the M narrow beams are formed after the received signals are conditioned, so that the reception of the M beams in the horizontal and vertical directions is realized.
2. The multi-modal phase control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the M taps of the fifth and sixth regions are further connected to M transmitters, respectively, to implement phase control of narrow transmission beams, thereby forming directional transmission beams.
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| CN201811591967.6A CN109782291B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Planar array transducer array and multi-mode phase control device |
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| CN201811591967.6A CN109782291B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Planar array transducer array and multi-mode phase control device |
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| CN109782291B true CN109782291B (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| CN103983977A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-08-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Five-wave-beam fish detector |
| US10597130B2 (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2020-03-24 | Navico Holding As | Trolling motor with a transducer array |
| CN108710133B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2022-02-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Planar phased array transducer array and phase control method |
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