CN109782139A - A kind of GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge monitoring system and its monitoring method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge monitoring system and its monitoring method, monitoring system include sensor array element, waveform signal acquisition and transmission unit, host computer unit.Host computer unit includes signal processing filter module, shelf depreciation judgment module, shelf depreciation locating module.Local positioning module includes distance calculation module and space orientation module.Monitoring method includes: ambient noise when acquiring GIS operation by sensor array element；Oscillograph obtains waveform and sends supreme position machine unit；Host computer unit calculates shelf depreciation threshold value, is monitored according to threshold value to subsequent Wave data；When being greater than threshold value there are multiple component amplitudes in one group of Wave data then determine that shelf depreciation occurs；Wave data is analyzed with becoming time window method, calculate the wave distortion time and acquires time delay, then hyperboloid equation group is solved with Newton iteration method and obtains partial discharge position, and is sounded an alarm.The present invention can quickly have found shelf depreciation and be accurately positioned.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of on-line monitoring of partial discharge of electrical equipment, in particular to a GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge on-line monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof, aiming at timely finding out and positioning a partial discharge phenomenon in a GIS.
Background
After the transformer station runs for a long time, defects are easily generated inside gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear (GIS) to cause partial discharge, and a high-frequency partial discharge electrode for a long time is easy to damage or puncture a GIS insulating layer to cause economic loss and even cause accidents, so that the partial discharge phenomenon inside the GIS is timely discovered and positioned, and the method has great significance for operation and maintenance of the transformer station.
In the conventional GIS partial discharge detection, usually, the partial discharge problem exists for a while, and then is detected by a repairman. The GIS equipment of transformer substation is more, if dwindle the maintenance interval, then the cost doubles, if increase the maintenance interval, then very easily miss best maintenance time. The traditional GIS maintenance generally adopts a plane time difference method, the method needs to repeatedly change the position of a sensor, and needs to manually judge the distortion time of a oscillogram, so that the operation is complicated, and the positioning precision is not high. Various devices are complicated in connection in the traditional GIS maintenance process, and the GIS maintenance system is inconvenient to use and has potential safety hazards.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge online monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof, which can quickly find and locate a discharge phenomenon, are simple in wiring and operation, and save manpower.
In order to achieve the purpose, the online monitoring system comprises a sensor array unit, a waveform signal acquisition and transmission unit and an upper computer unit; the sensor array unit comprises a plurality of external sensors uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the GIS insulator and a reference sensor arranged in the GIS; the waveform signal acquisition and transmission unit comprises an oscilloscope and a wireless router, wherein the oscilloscope is used for fusing a sensor waveform signal and sending waveform data at regular time; the upper computer unit comprises a signal processing filtering module, a partial discharge judging module and a partial discharge positioning module which are sequentially connected; the signal processing and filtering module receives the waveform data, performs preprocessing and filtering, the partial discharge judging module judges whether partial discharge is generated inside the GIS, and the partial discharge positioning module is used for positioning the position of the partial discharge and comprises a distance calculating module and a space positioning module.
The sensor array unit comprises four ultrahigh frequency sensors, the GIS insulator is a basin-type insulator, three external sensors are arranged on the outer edge of the GIS basin-type insulator at intervals of 120 degrees, and one reference sensor is arranged inside the GIS.
The invention discloses a monitoring method of a GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge online monitoring system, which comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring background noise during GIS operation through a plurality of ultrahigh frequency sensors in a sensor array unit;
2) the oscilloscope visualizes the background noise to obtain a waveform Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3And sent to the upper computer unit through the wireless router;
3) waveform Y of signal processing and filtering module of upper computer unit0,Y1,Y2,Y3Performing normalization pretreatment and wavelet transform filtering, and calculating partial discharge threshold T by partial discharge judgment module0,T1,T2,T3Monitoring subsequent waveform data according to a threshold value;
4) when the waveform data Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3Is not greater than the threshold value T0,T1,T2,T3When the number of components or the number of components is insufficient, repeating the above steps 1) -3); when a plurality of component amplitudes in a group of waveform data are larger than a threshold value, judging that partial discharge occurs in the GIS;
5) the partial discharge positioning module uses a time window changing method to process waveform data Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3Analyzing, calculating the waveform distortion time, and calculating the time delay delta ti＝ti-t0And then solving a hyperboloid equation by a Newton iteration method to obtain a partial discharge position and giving an alarm.
Preferably, the obtained waveform data is set to Y, and Y is normalizedWhereinWhich represents the mean value of the waveform Y,to representMaximum value of (2). The wavelet transform filtering adopts unbiased estimation and is adjusted according to the noise level estimation of each layer of wavelet decomposition to filter the waveform Y.
Preferably, the upper computer unit calculates the threshold T ═ 5max (y) from the acquired waveform data, updates the threshold T with time, and locks four thresholds T after the system runs for a set time0,T1,T2,T3。
The distance calculation module records a waveform signal Y obtained by the reference sensor0Waveform distortion time of t0Recording waveform signal Y obtained by external sensoriI is 1,2,3, and the waveform distortion time is t1,t2,t3Time delay Δ ti＝ti-t0(ii) a Distance difference deltas between local discharge point and reference sensor and three external sensorsi＝cΔtiWherein c is the speed of light, and the coordinates of the partial discharge point are (x, y, z).
The hyperboloid equation is constructed as follows:
wherein (x)0,y0,z0) As coordinates of the built-in sensor, (x)i,yi,zi) Is the coordinate position of the external sensor;
and solving the equation by a Newton iteration method to obtain the coordinates of the partial discharge point.
Preferably, the standard deviation of the signal in the time window is calculated by a time-varying window method for the waveform signal Y of the set time period:
where N is the dimension of the signal Y, i is the time window length,
second, the standard deviation gradient D is calculatedi＝Si-Si-1；
Finally, the distortion occurrence time is obtained:
the iteration formula of the Newton iteration method is as follows:
x(k+1)＝x(x)-J-1(x(x))F(x(x))
wherein,f is the set of three-way non-linear equations F (x) 0.
And the sampling rate of the oscilloscope is selected according to GIS materials.
Compared with the prior art, the equipment and the device adopted in the online monitoring system are common equipment in GIS partial discharge detection, and when the real-time monitoring is carried out on whether partial discharge occurs in the GIS, a large amount of expenditure is not required to purchase new equipment, so that the online monitoring system has extremely high economic benefit; the data communication mode between the equipment terminal and the upper computer adopts network wireless transmission, solves the problems of complex monitoring and wiring and inconvenience that technicians cannot leave the site.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge on-line monitoring system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge on-line monitoring method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge online monitoring system of the present invention comprises the following components: sensor array unit, waveform signal acquisition and transmission unit, host computer unit. The upper computer comprises a signal processing and filtering module, a partial discharge judging module and a partial discharge positioning module. The local positioning module comprises a distance calculation module and a space positioning module.
The sensor array unit comprises 4 ultrahigh frequency sensors, wherein 3 ultrahigh frequency sensors are arranged at the outer edge of the GIS basin-type insulator at intervals of 120 degrees; another uhf sensor, also called a reference sensor, is arranged inside the GIS.
The waveform acquisition and transmission unit comprises an oscilloscope and a wireless router, wherein oscilloscope channels 1-4 are fused to acquire ultrahigh frequency sensor waveform signals, and waveform data are sent through the wireless router via a network at regular time.
And a signal processing and filtering module of the upper computer unit performs normalization preprocessing and wavelet transform filtering on the waveform. Setting the obtained waveform data as Y, and normalizing YWhereinWhich represents the mean value of the waveform Y,to representMaximum value of (2). The wavelet transform filtering uses unbiased estimation and adjustment to filter the waveform Y based on the noise level estimation of each layer of wavelet decomposition. And the partial discharge judgment module judges whether partial discharge is generated inside the GIS or not by adopting an empirical threshold method. At the time of start-up of the detection system,namely, when the GIS is in normal operation, the waveform signal Y obtained by the ultrahigh frequency sensor is subjected to threshold value T acquisition, wherein T is 5max (Y). When the detection system finds that a plurality of components Y exist in the waveform signal Y in the detection processiWhen the voltage is higher than T, the partial discharge occurs in the GIS. The partial discharge positioning module positions the partial discharge position by a hyperboloid intersection method and comprises a distance calculation module and a space positioning module. The distance calculation module records a waveform signal Y obtained by the built-in ultrahigh frequency sensor0Waveform distortion time of t0Recording waveform signal Y obtained by external ultrahigh frequency sensoriI is 1,2,3, and the waveform distortion time is t1,t2,t3Time delay Δ ti＝ti-t0. Distance difference deltas from partial discharge point to built-in sensor and three external sensorsi＝cΔtiWhere c is the speed of light.
Setting the coordinates of the partial discharge point as (x, y, z), and constructing a hyperboloid equation:
wherein (x)0,y0,z0) As coordinates of the built-in sensor, (x)i,yi,zi) Is the coordinate position of the external sensor.
And solving the equation to obtain the coordinates of the partial discharge point.
And the distance calculation module adopts an improved standard deviation method to determine the signal distortion occurrence time.
Calculating the standard deviation of the signal in the time window by the variable time window for the waveform signal Y of a period of time:
where N is the dimension of the signal Y and i is the time window length. Calculating the standard deviation gradient Di＝Si-Si-1Time of occurrence of distortion
The solution of the hyperboloid equation set is performed using newton's iteration. The iteration formula is:
x(k+1)＝x(x)-J-1(x(x))F(x(x))；
whereinF is the set of three-way non-linear equations F (x) 0.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention takes an experimental GIS and a high frequency and high voltage generator as an example, and the monitoring method includes the following steps:
1) arranging three ultrahigh frequency sensors at the outer edge of the GIS basin-type insulator at intervals of 120 degrees; another uhf sensor is located inside the GIS. And connecting the sensor with an oscilloscope through a signal wire. And setting the sampling rate of the oscilloscope to 10GHz, and connecting the oscilloscope with the wireless router to enable the oscilloscope and the upper computer to be in the same local area network.
2) And operating the upper computer, sending waveform data to the upper computer at regular time by the oscilloscope, and carrying out normalization preprocessing and wavelet transform filtering on the waveform data obtained each time by the upper computer. The upper computer calculates a threshold value T (5 max (Y)) through the obtained waveform data, updates the threshold value T with time, and locks four threshold values T after the system runs for a period of time0,T1,T2,T3。
3) When the interior of the GIS normally operates, the upper computer does not calculate the waveform distortion moment and position the partial discharge point. And starting the high-frequency high-voltage generator to generate a stable high-frequency partial discharge signal in the GIS.
4) The upper computer analyzes and finds that the four groups of waveform data stably exist and are larger than respective threshold value T through the obtained waveform data0,T1,T2,T3The presence of partial discharge in the GIS is determined by the plurality of components of (a).
5) And the distance calculation module adopts an improved standard deviation method to determine the signal distortion occurrence time.
First, the standard deviation of the signal within the time window is calculated for the waveform signal Y with a variable time window according to the following formula:
where N is the dimension of the signal Y and i is the time window length. The standard deviation gradient D is then calculatedi＝Si-Si-1Then the distortion occurrence time is obtainedFour distortion occurrence times t are obtained0,t1,t2,t3To obtain the time delay Deltati＝ti-t0Calculating the distance difference Δ si＝cΔti。
6) Spatial orientation module based on distance difference Δ si＝cΔtiAnd solving equation set by sensor coordinate informationAnd finally obtaining the coordinates (x, y, z) of the partial discharge point.
7) And the upper computer outputs the coordinates of the partial discharge points and gives an alarm to technicians.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a GIS superfrequency partial discharge on-line monitoring system which characterized in that: the device comprises a sensor array unit, a waveform signal acquisition and transmission unit and an upper computer unit; the sensor array unit comprises a plurality of external sensors uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the GIS insulator and a reference sensor arranged in the GIS; the waveform signal acquisition and transmission unit comprises an oscilloscope and a wireless router, wherein the oscilloscope is used for fusing a sensor waveform signal and sending waveform data at regular time; the upper computer unit comprises a signal processing filtering module, a partial discharge judging module and a partial discharge positioning module which are sequentially connected; the signal processing and filtering module receives the waveform data, performs preprocessing and filtering, the partial discharge judging module judges whether partial discharge is generated inside the GIS, and the partial discharge positioning module is used for positioning a partial discharge position and comprises a distance calculating module and a space positioning module.
2. The GIS uhf partial discharge online monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor array unit comprises four ultrahigh frequency sensors, the GIS insulator is a basin-type insulator, three external sensors are arranged on the outer edge of the GIS basin-type insulator at intervals of 120 degrees, and one reference sensor is arranged inside the GIS.
3. A monitoring method based on the GIS ultrahigh frequency partial discharge on-line monitoring system of claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring background noise during GIS operation through a plurality of ultrahigh frequency sensors in a sensor array unit;
2) the oscilloscope visualizes the background noise to obtain a waveform Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3And sent to the upper computer unit through the wireless router;
3) waveform Y of signal processing and filtering module of upper computer unit0,Y1,Y2,Y3Performing normalization pretreatment and wavelet transform filtering, and calculating partial discharge threshold T by partial discharge judgment module0,T1,T2,T3Monitoring subsequent waveform data according to a threshold value;
4) when the waveform data Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3Is not greater than the threshold value T0,T1,T2,T3When the number of components or the number of components is insufficient, repeating the above steps 1) -3); when a plurality of component amplitudes in a group of waveform data are larger than a threshold value, judging that partial discharge occurs in the GIS;
5) the partial discharge positioning module uses a time window changing method to process waveform data Y0,Y1,Y2,Y3Analyzing, calculating the waveform distortion time, and calculating the time delay delta ti＝ti-t0And then solving a hyperboloid equation by a Newton iteration method to obtain a partial discharge position and giving an alarm.
4. The monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein: setting the obtained waveform data as Y, and normalizing YWhereinWhich represents the mean value of the waveform Y,to representMaximum value of (2).
5. The monitoring method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the wavelet transform filtering is adjusted by unbiased estimation and according to the noise level estimation of each layer of wavelet decomposition, and the waveform Y is filtered.
6. The monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein: the upper computer unit calculates a threshold value T (5 max (Y)) through the obtained waveform data, updates the threshold value T along with time, and locks four threshold values T after the system runs for a set time0,T1,T2,T3。
7. The monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein: the distance calculation module records a waveform signal Y obtained by the reference sensor0Waveform distortion time of t0External sensorThe resulting waveform signal YiI is 1,2,3, and the waveform distortion time is t1,t2,t3Time delay Δ ti＝ti-t0(ii) a Distance difference deltas between local discharge point and reference sensor and three external sensorsi＝cΔtiWhere c is the speed of light, the coordinates of the partial discharge point are set to (x, y, z), and the hyperboloid equation is constructed as follows:
wherein (x)0,y0,z0) As coordinates of the built-in sensor, (x)i,yi,zi) Is the coordinate position of the external sensor;
and solving the equation by a Newton iteration method to obtain the coordinates of the partial discharge point.
8. The monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein: calculating the standard deviation of the signal in the time window by a time window changing method for the waveform signal Y of the set time period:
where N is the dimension of the signal Y, i is the time window length,
second, the standard deviation gradient D is calculatedi＝Si-Si-1；
Finally, the distortion occurrence time is obtained:
9. the method of claim 3, wherein the iteration of the Newton iteration method is:
x(k+1)＝x(x)-J-1(x(x))F(x(x))
wherein,f is the set of three-way non-linear equations F (x) 0.
10. The method of claim 3, wherein the oscilloscope's sampling rate is selected based on GIS material.
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| CN110568323A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Switch cabinet partial discharge detection system and switch cabinet partial discharge detection method |
| CN111487512A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-04 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | VFTO and partial discharge monitoring system and method for GIS transformer substation |
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| CN112557837A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-26 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | Real-time detection method for discharge part of high-voltage transmission line |
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| CN113156284A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-23 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Method and device for processing interference signals of GIS equipment switching action |
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