CN109781552A - Multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus for Composite Panels test - Google Patents
Multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus for Composite Panels test Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781552A CN109781552A CN201910154216.6A CN201910154216A CN109781552A CN 109781552 A CN109781552 A CN 109781552A CN 201910154216 A CN201910154216 A CN 201910154216A CN 109781552 A CN109781552 A CN 109781552A
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Abstract
This application provides a kind of multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus for Composite Panels test, belong to siding impact test technical field.Described device includes having the bottom guide track component of longitudinal slide rail, the cross beam and upright post component with cross slide way and drop impact rifle, and cross beam and upright post component slippage is arranged on bottom guide track component;Drop impact rifle is slidably arranged on cross beam and upright post component, the drop impact rifle is provided with guide rail and elevating screw component along the vertical direction, the guide rail is for providing the vertical motion path of drop impact component, rotation is provided with electromagnetism latch mechanism on the elevating screw component, to adsorb drop impact component in energization, the height adjustment of drop impact component is realized;Testpieces is placed on the adjustable frames component below drop impact component by the application, and release is dropped hammer, and completes impact test.The device has many advantages, such as firm fixed form, accurate im-pact location and energy hole.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to siding impact test technical field, in particular to it is a kind of for Composite Panels test mostly from
By degree impact test apparatus.
Background technique
Composite material is widely used in military-civil aeroplane structure design due to its excellent performance.China C919 at present
The composite material dosage of aircraft has reached 12%, and the composite material dosage in jumbo jet future is planned higher.Although compound
Material has series of advantages, but its disadvantage is also that cannot be neglected, such as interlaminar strength is low, shock resistance is poor, wet-heat resisting
Performance is poor, maintenance and repair difficulty.When developing the aircraft containing composite structure, usually requiring to carry out a large amount of siding
Test, tests the test of static strength under a variety of loadings such as compression, shearing, compression shear of siding and fatigue test.It is quiet in progress
It usually requires to introduce impact injury according to airworthiness requirement or military secret specification before power test, to verify its damage tolerance characteristic.
Damage tolerance is the aspect that emphasis needs to pay close attention in composite airplane design and verifying.
Currently, the country generallys use standardized impact tests machine when carrying out siding test or portable drop impact is set
It is standby.For these two types of portable devices when carrying out the introducing of Composite Panels low-velocity impact damage, there are following to ask for discovery
Topic:
1) standardized impact tests machine is suitable for Standard composite component-level impact test, when being applied to composite material
When siding is tested, since composite walls board size is often larger, standardized impact tests device can not be applicable in many cases.
Another aspect, code test machine can not adjust the position of shock point due to fixing position by nigration device, need
It to be adjusted, be operated more troublesome and poor to the positioning of shock point by way of nigration part.In addition, mark
Quasi- shock machine can not realize effectively clamping since shock testing machine form is fixed and size is limited to large-scale composite material siding.
In short, standardized impact tests machine is usually not used to the impact test of Composite Panels,
2) writing formula drop impact device can be applied to siding impact test, but there are following structural disadvantages: a) precision
Poor, real impact drop point and target position are frequently present of certain deviation;B) do not prevent the device of secondary rebound, mainly according to
It is rapidly inserted into backing plate after the blow by personnel to prevent secondary pulse, there are certain security-hidden troubles;C) slightly for size
When big siding is impacted, several supports of percussion mechanism need to be directly placed on testpieces, fixed difficult, and to impact
Test result has certain influence.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus for Composite Panels test, with solution
Certainly at least one problem in background technique.
The application is used for the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus of Composite Panels test, comprising:
Bottom guide track component has longitudinal slide rail;
Cross beam and upright post component is slidably arranged in the longitudinal slide rail, and the cross beam and upright post component is in the bottom guide track
Horizontal slide rail is formed above component;
Drop impact rifle is slidably arranged in the horizontal slide rail, and the drop impact rifle is provided with along the vertical direction leads
Rail and elevating screw component, the guide rail is for providing the vertical motion path of drop impact component, the elevating screw component
Upper rotation is provided with electromagnetism latch mechanism, and the electromagnetism latch mechanism is electrically connected motor, and is arranged to be powered to adsorb
State drop impact component;
Adjustable frames component, the vertical lower section that the drop impact component is set, for disposing testpieces.
Preferably, the drop impact component includes transverse slat and the impulse member that is fixed on transverse slat, the impulse member packet
The impact counterweight and formed punch being detachably connected are included, the transverse slat is made of magnetisable material.
Preferably, two parallel guide rails are arranged in the drop impact rifle along the vertical direction, and guide rail is column, described
The both ends of transverse slat are provided with through-hole, and are slidably socketed on two guide rails respectively.
Preferably, vertical bearing is provided between the guide rail and the through-hole of the transverse slat.
Preferably, drop impact component side is uniformly arranged there are four laser head, is used for the adjustable bottom
Holder assembly direction emits light, to form cross wire on the platform of adjustable frames component.
Preferably, the drop impact rifle further includes the anti-rebound for being positioned close to adjustable frames component side
Electronic mechanism, the anti-rebound electronic mechanism includes electronics photosensitive element and mechanical gripper, and the mechanical gripper is configured to
The promptly drop impact component can be driven.
Preferably, the drop impact rifle further includes being positioned close to testing the speed for adjustable frames component side
Instrument.
Preferably, the both ends of the horizontal slide rail of the cross beam and upright post component pass through upright supports, the bottom end of column respectively
It is provided with bottom movement mechanism, the bottom movement mechanism is sliding by the longitudinal direction that pulley thereon is embedded in the bottom guide track component
In rail.
Preferably, the bottom end of the longitudinal slide rail of bottom guide track component is provided with multiple lower margin supports, the lower margin support
It is set as height adjustable structure.
Preferably, the adjustable frames component includes:
Hoistable platform, on the support by the support of multiple lead screw pillars, grooved bore among the hoistable platform, and described
The inner wall rotation of slot is provided with horizontal rotating shaft;
Rotary support is fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft, and the rotary support has the upper surface of support testpieces.
Multiple degrees of freedom falling weight impact test device provided by the present application for the design of composite material large size siding, has jail
Composite Panels can be realized real-time impact by fixed form, accurate im-pact location and the energy hole leaned on, and repeatability is high.
The percussion mechanism moves up and down the height for adjusting the counterweight that drops hammer by step motor control electromagnetism latch mechanism to adjust impact
Energy, drop impact device can carry out moving for two freedom degrees by stepper motor along base track and beam track, rush
Pedestal is hit by the way of height and angle adjustable, the movement of short transverse and the rotation of one degree of freedom may be implemented.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the application for the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus of Composite Panels test
Main structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a preferred embodiment of the application for the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus of Composite Panels test
Drop impact rifle structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a preferred embodiment of the application for the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus of Composite Panels test
Cross beam and upright post component structure diagram.
Fig. 4 is a preferred embodiment of the application for the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus of Composite Panels test
Bottom guide track component structure diagram.
Fig. 5 is a preferred embodiment of the application for the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus of Composite Panels test
Adjustable frames component structure diagram.
Wherein, 1- drop impact rifle;2- cross beam and upright post component;3- bottom guide track component;4- adjustable frames component;
11- frame;12- guide rail;13- elevating screw component;14- electromagnetism latch mechanism;15- transverse slat;16- drop impact group
Part;The anti-rebound electronic mechanism of 17-;18- tachymeter;
21- horizontal slide rail;22- column;The bottom 23- movement mechanism;
31- longitudinal slide rail;32- lower margin support;
41- support;42- lead screw pillar;43- hoistable platform;44- rotary support.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application implementation clearer, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
Attached drawing, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from beginning to end or class
As label indicate same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Described embodiment is the application
A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to use
In explanation the application, and it should not be understood as the limitation to the application.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.Under
Face is described in detail embodiments herein in conjunction with attached drawing.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "front", "rear",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is based on attached drawing institute
The orientation or positional relationship shown is merely for convenience of description the application and simplifies description, rather than the dress of indication or suggestion meaning
It sets or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as protecting the application
The limitation of range.
This application provides a kind of multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus for Composite Panels test, and Fig. 1 is structure
Overall schematic is mainly made of four parts, and Fig. 2-Fig. 5 is respectively this tetrameric concrete structure schematic diagram.
Referring initially to Fig. 1, the application is used for the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus of Composite Panels test, including drops hammer
Four parts such as impact gun 1, gantry crane type cross beam and upright post component 2, bottom guide track component 3 and adjustable frames component 4 are constituted.
Wherein, bottom guide track component 3 has longitudinal slide rail 31;Cross beam and upright post component 2 is slidably arranged in longitudinal slide rail, horizontal
Beam columns assemblies 2 form horizontal slide rail 21 above bottom guide track component 3;Drop impact rifle 1 is slidably arranged in horizontal slide rail,
Drop impact rifle 1 is provided with guide rail 12 and elevating screw component 13 along the vertical direction, and guide rail 12 is for providing drop impact component
Vertical motion path, rotation is provided with electromagnetism latch mechanism 14 on elevating screw component 13, and electromagnetism latch mechanism 14 is electrically connected
Motor, and be arranged to be powered to adsorb drop impact component;Adjustable frames component 4, vertical setting is in drop impact group
The lower section of part 16, for disposing testpieces.
It is understood that electromagnetism latch mechanism 14 adsorbs drop impact component after being powered, later by rising in the present embodiment
Drop lead screw assembly 13 drives it to rise to eminence, and Adjustment Tests part placement position makes to be located exactly at drop impact component to shock point
Underface, electromagnetism latch mechanism 14 are powered off to discharge drop impact component, and drop impact component is fallen by weight force edge rail 12, punching
It hits on testpieces, completes impact test.It is understood that the rotation connection of elevating screw component 13 is on the frame 11, pass through
The movement of motor driven lead screw, electromagnetism latch mechanism 14 are connect with elevating screw, pass through motor control electromagnetism latch mechanism 14
Lifting.
In the present embodiment, drop impact rifle 1 can slide laterally along cross beam and upright post component 2, and cross beam and upright post component 2 can
Along 3 longitudinal sliding motion of bottom guide track component, therefore any position adjustment of drop impact rifle 1 can be realized in two-dimensional surface.
In the present embodiment, frame 11 shown in Fig. 2 is the basic framework of entire impact gun, and 11 back of frame is equipped with pulley
And stepper motor, it connect with the crossbeam of the cross beam and upright post component 2 of the gantry crane structure in Fig. 1, is dropped hammer by stepper motor driving
Impact gun 1 is along cross beam movement.
In some optional embodiments, as shown in Fig. 2, drop impact component includes transverse slat 15 and is fixed on transverse slat 15
Impulse member 16, impulse member 16 includes the impact counterweight and formed punch that are detachably connected, and transverse slat 15 is made of magnetisable material.
In the present embodiment, impulse member 16 may include a foundational shock counterweight, and be connected by the foundational shock counterweight
Transverse slat 15, such as be threadedly coupled, it is connected with formed punch below the foundational shock counterweight, to realize the impact to testpieces, separately
On the one hand, it is contemplated that the problem of impact force adjusts, it, can also be in foundational shock weight other than the height of adjustable impulse member
Some other impact counterweights are optionally additionally connected on code, can mutually be interconnected by screw thread or bolt assembly between multiple counterweights
It connects.
In the present embodiment, transverse slat 15 is made of magnetisable material, and magnetisable material for example can be the materials such as iron, cobalt, nickel,
Electromagnetism latch mechanism 14 realizes the function of electromagnet after being powered, alternatively, being equipped with electromagnet on electromagnetism latch mechanism 14, can incite somebody to action
For the absorption of transverse slat 15 on electromagnet, the folding by controlling electromagnet can control the folding and unfolding of transverse slat 15.
In some optional embodiments, two parallel guide rails 12, guide rail 12 is arranged in drop impact rifle 1 along the vertical direction
For column, the both ends of transverse slat 15 are provided with through-hole, and are slidably socketed on two guide rails 12 respectively.
In alternate embodiment, guide rail may be set to be a plurality of, the common motion profile for limiting transverse slat 15, if shock point
To be multiple, i.e., when drop impact component needs to be arranged multiple, guide rail 12 may be arranged as one, two or more to drop hammer
Impact assembly is along guide rail 12 radially around and being uniformly distributed.
In some optional embodiments, it is provided with vertical bearing between the guide rail 12 and the through-hole of the transverse slat 15,
To reduce friction bring impact energy loss.
In some optional embodiments, drop impact component side is uniformly arranged there are four laser head, for
4 direction of adjustable frames component emits light, to form cross wire on the platform of adjustable frames component 4.
It is understood that when four direction emits downwards light, when selecting point light source, below drop impact component,
There are four points in the side of the underface of formed punch, and the line crosspoint of four points is drop impact point, if selection linear light source,
" cross " cross spider, the positioning for shock point then relatively easily can be directly formed on bottom-base platform.
In some optional embodiments, the drop impact rifle 1 further includes being positioned close to the adjustable frames group
The anti-rebound electronic mechanism 17 of 4 side of part, the anti-rebound electronic mechanism 17 include electronics photosensitive element and mechanical gripper, institute
It states mechanical gripper and is configured to be driven the promptly drop impact component.
Anti- rebound electronic mechanism 17 is mounted on the lower section of impact gun frame, and electronics photosensitive element wherein included can capture
The movement dropped hammer, when the formed punch that drops hammer is by electronics photosensitive element, electronics photosensitive element emits signal to anti-rebound electronic switch,
Anti- rebound electronic switch starts after the delay time set, and crossbeam locking is prevented two after impacting by driving mechanical gripper
Secondary rebound.
In this embodiment, mechanical gripper can be crawl hand, for catching transverse slat 15, be also possible to other locked machines
Structure, such as can be the telescopic arm of setting on the frame 11, when transverse slat 15 is fallen, the controlled stretching of telescopic arm, so that flexible
The end of arm is located at the top of transverse slat 15, prevents transverse slat 15 from being bounced by counter-force, and in alternate embodiment, mechanical gripper be can also be
The baffle with through-hole structure stretched out from 11 bottom end of frame as shown in Figure 2, the formed punch that the through-hole of the baffle is suitable for making to drop hammer
Pass through, meanwhile, the baffle plate setting be can be powered to forming the structure of electromagnet, so as to formed punch across when and transverse slat 15 formed
The magnetic force to attract each other, so as to effectively slow down the dynamics of secondary rebound.
In some optional embodiments, drop impact rifle 1 further includes being positioned close to the adjustable frames component 4 one
The tachymeter 18 of side, for measuring the speed before dropping hammer contact test part.
In some optional embodiments, the cross beam and upright post component 2 is gantry crane type structure, as shown in figure 3, its transverse direction
The both ends of sliding rail 21 pass through column 22 respectively and support, and the bottom end of column 22 is provided with bottom movement mechanism 23, the bottom movement
Mechanism 23 is embedded in the longitudinal slide rail 31 of the bottom guide track component 3 by pulley thereon.Bottom movement mechanism 23 includes bottom
Seat frame, pulley, stepper motor etc., on the mountable bottom guide track component 3 in Fig. 1, stepper motor can drive bottom to transport
Motivation structure 23 moves along bottom guide track.
In some optional embodiments, as shown in figure 4, the bottom end of the longitudinal slide rail 31 of bottom guide track component 3 is provided with
Multiple lower margin supports 32, the lower margin support 32 is set as height adjustable structure, for adjusting the level of bottom guide track component.
In some optional embodiments, the adjustable frames component 4 includes:
Hoistable platform 43 is supported on support 41 by multiple lead screw pillars 42, grooved bore among the hoistable platform, and
The inner wall rotation of the slot is provided with horizontal rotating shaft;
Rotary support 44 is fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft, and the rotary support 44 has the upper table of support testpieces
Face.
In the present embodiment, screw rod support 42 is mounted on support 41, and hoistable platform is mounted on screw rod pillar 42, can be with hand
Flowing mode adjusts the height of hoistable platform, and rotary support 44 is mounted on hoistable platform 43, and rotating platform can be around hoistable platform
Rotation realizes angular adjustment when impact for adjusting the angle of testpieces.
Multiple degrees of freedom falling weight impact test device provided by the present application for the design of composite material large size siding, has jail
Composite Panels can be realized real-time impact by fixed form, accurate im-pact location and the energy hole leaned on, and repeatability is high.
The percussion mechanism moves up and down the height for adjusting the counterweight that drops hammer by step motor control electromagnetism latch mechanism to adjust impact
Energy, drop impact device can carry out moving for two freedom degrees by stepper motor along base track and beam track, rush
Pedestal is hit by the way of height and angle adjustable, the movement of short transverse and the rotation of one degree of freedom may be implemented.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto, it is any
Within the technical scope of the present application, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
Cover within the scope of protection of this application.Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be with the scope of protection of the claims
It is quasi-.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus for Composite Panels test characterized by comprising
Bottom guide track component (3) has longitudinal slide rail (31);
Cross beam and upright post component (2), is slidably arranged in the longitudinal slide rail, and the cross beam and upright post component (2) is led in the bottom
Horizontal slide rail (21) are formed above rail assembly (3);
Drop impact rifle (1), is slidably arranged in the horizontal slide rail, and the drop impact rifle (1) is provided with along the vertical direction
Guide rail (12) and elevating screw component (13), the guide rail (12) is for providing the vertical motion path of drop impact component, institute
It states rotation on elevating screw component (13) to be provided with electromagnetism latch mechanism (14), electromagnetism latch mechanism (14) the electrical connection electricity
Machine, and be arranged to be powered to adsorb the drop impact component;
Adjustable frames component (4), vertical setting is in the lower section of the drop impact component (16), for disposing testpieces.
2. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 1 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In the drop impact component includes transverse slat (15) and the impulse member (16) being fixed on transverse slat (15), the impulse member (16)
Including the impact counterweight being detachably connected and formed punch, the transverse slat (15) is made of magnetisable material.
3. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 2 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In two parallel guide rails (12) are arranged in the drop impact rifle (1) along the vertical direction, and guide rail (12) is column, the cross
The both ends of plate (15) are provided with through-hole, and are slidably socketed on two guide rails (12) respectively.
4. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 3 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In being provided with vertical bearing between the guide rail (12) and the through-hole of the transverse slat (15).
5. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 1 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In drop impact component side is uniformly arranged there are four laser head, for sending out to adjustable frames component (4) direction
Light is penetrated, to form cross wire on the platform of adjustable frames component (4).
6. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 1 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In the drop impact rifle (1) further includes the anti-rebound electronic mechanism for being positioned close to adjustable frames component (4) side
(17), the anti-rebound electronic mechanism (17) includes electronics photosensitive element and mechanical gripper, and the mechanical gripper is configured to
The promptly drop impact component can be driven.
7. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 1 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In the drop impact rifle (1) further includes the tachymeter (18) for being positioned close to adjustable frames component (4) side.
8. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 1 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In the both ends of the horizontal slide rail (21) of the cross beam and upright post component (2) pass through column (22) support, the bottom end of column (22) respectively
It is provided with bottom movement mechanism (23), the bottom movement mechanism (23) is embedded in the bottom guide track component by pulley thereon
(3) in longitudinal slide rail (31).
9. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 1 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In the bottom end of the longitudinal slide rail (31) of bottom guide track component (3) is provided with multiple lower margin supports (32), the lower margin support (32)
It is set as height adjustable structure.
10. the multiple degrees of freedom impact test apparatus according to claim 1 for Composite Panels test, feature exist
In the adjustable frames component (4) includes:
Hoistable platform (43) is supported on support (41) by multiple lead screw pillars (42), grooved bore among the hoistable platform,
And the rotation of the inner wall of the slot is provided with horizontal rotating shaft;
Rotary support (44), is fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft, and the rotary support (44) has the upper table of support testpieces
Face.
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CN110514537A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-29 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Falling weight impact test device |
CN110631797A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2019-12-31 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Dynamic impact test device for rigid and semi-rigid centralizer |
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CN110514537B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2024-05-07 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Drop hammer impact test device |
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CN111077028A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-04-28 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Impact loading test device |
CN112414662A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-26 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Impact test device and positioning method thereof |
CN112414662B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-09-26 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Impact test device and positioning method thereof |
CN113218787A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-06 | 河海大学 | Submarine pipeline drop hammer impact test system and test method |
CN113252272B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-07-26 | 上海交通大学 | Periodic pulse multidirectional impact test device |
CN113252272A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-13 | 上海交通大学 | Periodic pulse multidirectional impact test device |
CN114354345A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-15 | 山东鲁测检测技术有限公司 | Full-automatic drop hammer impact testing machine for pipes |
CN114354345B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-10-13 | 山东鲁测检测技术有限公司 | Full-automatic drop hammer impact testing machine for pipe |
CN116399729A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-07 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | High-precision drop hammer impact test system |
CN116399729B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-05-14 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | High-precision drop hammer impact test system |
CN117554164A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-13 | 西南交通大学 | Laminated glass impact test device and method with multiple boundary conditions |
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