CN109779622B - Method and device for characterizing low-efficiency water injection zone of oil reservoir in ultrahigh water cut period - Google Patents

Method and device for characterizing low-efficiency water injection zone of oil reservoir in ultrahigh water cut period Download PDF

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CN109779622B
CN109779622B CN201910132287.6A CN201910132287A CN109779622B CN 109779622 B CN109779622 B CN 109779622B CN 201910132287 A CN201910132287 A CN 201910132287A CN 109779622 B CN109779622 B CN 109779622B
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water injection
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water
efficiency water
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CN109779622A (en
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王森
冯其红
赵蕴昌
戴彩丽
赵光
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for characterizing an oil reservoir low-efficiency water injection zone in an ultrahigh water-cut period, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring production dynamic data of the oil-water well, and screening out a well group containing a low-efficiency water injection zone according to the production dynamic data, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value; calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value, and screening the layer, of which the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, according to the stage water storage rate; performing single-layer analysis calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, and determining the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located; and (3) analyzing and calculating grids in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on a grid system, and determining the low-efficiency water injection grid and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection grid. The method can determine the layer position, the development position and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection zone, and improves the representation effect of the low-efficiency water injection zone.

Description

Method and device for characterizing low-efficiency water injection zone of oil reservoir in ultrahigh water cut period
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a method and a device for characterizing an oil reservoir low-efficiency water injection zone in an ultra-high water-cut period.
Background
In the long-term water injection development process of an oil field, the heterogeneity of a reservoir layer can cause unbalanced displacement of injected water, so that the pressure and saturation distribution of fluid in an oil reservoir are obviously different. Particularly, after the reservoir reaches the ultra-high water cut period, the difference between the fluid field and the pressure field of different parts in the oil reservoir is more obvious, and injected water is subjected to low-efficiency circulation in partial areas to form low-efficiency water injection zones, so that the recoverable reserve of the oil reservoir is reduced, the oil displacement effect is poor, and the economic benefit is reduced. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is important to effectively identify the inefficient water injection zone.
The prior art generally characterizes inefficient water injection zones as flow dominant channels. Specifically, for example, see patent application No. 200510082794.1, which discloses a method for detecting a cross-flow channel in an oil field. The invention discloses a method and a system for identifying a water flow dominant channel of a high-water-content oil field, which are disclosed by the invention patent with the application number of 201110318567. X. The invention discloses a method for identifying an advantageous flow channel based on a dimensionless contrast plate, which mainly utilizes water absorption and liquid production section data of an oil-water well and draws the contrast plate through dimensionless processing so as to judge the development condition of the advantageous flow channel, and belongs to the invention patent with the application number of 201210449079.7. The invention discloses a method and a device for identifying an advantage channel of a water-drive oilfield, which are disclosed in invention patent with application number 201110240837. X.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
the prior art can only roughly judge whether a certain well group has an inefficient water injection zone, but cannot confirm the layer position, the development position and the development level of the inefficient water injection zone, and has poor characterization effect on the inefficient water injection zone.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for representing an oil deposit low-efficiency water injection zone in an ultrahigh water cut period, which is used for confirming the layer position, the development position and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection zone and improving the representation effect of the low-efficiency water injection zone, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring production dynamic data of the oil-water well, and screening out a well group containing a low-efficiency water injection zone with the probability reaching a first preset value according to the production dynamic data; wherein, the production dynamic data comprises the injection pressure and the water absorption index of the well, the water content of the oil well and the liquid extraction index;
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value, and screening the layer, of which the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, according to the stage water storage rate;
performing single-layer analysis calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, and determining the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located;
based on a grid system, carrying out analysis calculation on grids in a layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located, and determining the low-efficiency water injection grid and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection grid;
and determining the development positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones with different development levels according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grids among the oil-water wells.
Optionally, the method includes the steps of obtaining production dynamic data of the oil-water well, and screening out a well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone according to the production dynamic data, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value, and the method includes the following steps:
acquiring the injection pressure and water absorption index of a water well and the water content and liquid extraction index of an oil well within the range of a target block;
and screening the oil-water wells according to the average values of the injection pressure, the water absorption index, the water content and the liquid extraction index in a preset time period, and taking the well group where the oil-water well with the injection pressure lower than the average value, the water absorption index higher than the average value, the water content higher than the average value and the liquid extraction index higher than the average value is positioned as the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value.
Optionally, calculating a stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone, of which the probability reaches the first preset value, and screening out a layer, of which the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value, according to the stage water storage rate, wherein the step comprises the following steps:
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value in a preset time period, and calculating the average value of the stage water storage rates of a plurality of small layers in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the first preset value according to the stage water storage rate of each small layer;
and screening out small layers with stage water storage rates lower than the average value as layers with the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaching a second preset value.
Optionally, performing single-layer analysis and calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value, and determining the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located, including:
calculating the oil change coefficient of a single layer aiming at the layer position of which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection belt reaches a second preset value;
single layer oil change coefficient eta k The calculation formula of (c) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000031
in the formula: eta k Is the single layer oil change coefficient, Q, of the k-th layer o,k Is the cumulative oil production of the kth layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q w,k Is the cumulative injection quantity of the k layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q e The minimum oil yield m which is required to be obtained by unit water injection under the existing economic and technical conditions 3
Q e The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000032
in the formula: c w Cost per unit water injection, yuan/m 3 ;P o Is the market price per unit volume of crude oil, yuan/m 3
When oil change coefficient eta k When the water injection quantity is larger than 1, the layer position is a normal water injection layer;
when oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0-1, the horizon is the horizon in which the inefficient water injection zone is located.
Optionally, based on the grid system, analyzing and calculating the grid in the layer where the inefficient water injection zone is located, and determining the development levels of the inefficient water injection grid and the inefficient water injection grid, including:
calculating the oil change coefficient of each grid in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system;
oil change coefficient xi of each grid j The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000033
in the formula: xi j The oil change coefficient of the jth grid is; q o,j Is the cumulative oil production of the jth grid in a preset time period, m 3 ;Q w,j Is the cumulative water passing amount of the jth grid in a preset time period m 3
When changing oil coefficient xi j When the water injection amount is larger than 1, the grid is a normal water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0.4-1, the grid is a low efficiency water injection grid;
when oil change coefficient xi j In the range of 0-0.4, the grid is an extremely inefficient water injection grid.
Optionally, determining development positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones of different development levels according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grids among the oil-water wells, including:
if the low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are low-efficiency water injection zones;
if the extremely-low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are extremely-low-efficiency water injection zones;
the other areas except for the low-efficiency water injection belt and the extremely low-efficiency water injection belt are normal water injection belts.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for representing the low-efficiency water injection zone of the oil reservoir in the extra-high water cut period, which is used for confirming the position, the development position and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection zone and improving the representation effect of the low-efficiency water injection zone, and comprises the following steps:
the well group screening module is used for acquiring production dynamic data of the oil-water well and screening a well group containing a low-efficiency water injection zone according to the production dynamic data, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value; wherein, the production dynamic data comprises the injection pressure and the water absorption index of the well, the water content of the oil well and the liquid extraction index;
the horizon screening module is used for calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone, the probability of which reaches a first preset value, and screening the horizon of which the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value according to the stage water storage rate;
the layer position determining module is used for carrying out single-layer analysis calculation on the layer position of which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, and determining the layer position of the low-efficiency water injection zone;
the level determination module is used for analyzing and calculating the grids in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system, and determining the development levels of the low-efficiency water injection grid and the low-efficiency water injection grid;
and the position determining module is used for determining the development position of the low-efficiency water injection zone according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grid among the oil-water wells.
Optionally, the well group screening module is further configured to:
acquiring the injection pressure and water absorption index of a water well and the water content and liquid extraction index of an oil well within the range of a target block;
and screening the oil-water wells according to the average values of the injection pressure, the water absorption index, the water content and the liquid extraction index in a preset time period, and taking the well group where the oil-water well with the injection pressure lower than the average value, the water absorption index higher than the average value, the water content higher than the average value and the liquid extraction index higher than the average value is positioned as the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value.
Optionally, the horizon screening module is further configured to:
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value in a preset time period, and calculating the average value of the stage water storage rates of a plurality of small layers in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the first preset value according to the stage water storage rate of each small layer;
and screening out small layers with stage water storage rates lower than the average value as layers with the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaching a second preset value.
Optionally, the horizon determining module is further configured to:
calculating the oil change coefficient of a single layer aiming at the layer position of which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection belt reaches a second preset value;
single layer oil change coefficient eta k The calculation formula of (c) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000041
in the formula: eta k Is the single layer oil change coefficient, Q, of the k-th layer o,k Is the cumulative oil production of the kth layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q w,k Is the cumulative injection quantity of the k layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q e The minimum oil yield m which is required to be obtained by unit water injection under the existing economic and technical conditions 3
Q e The calculation formula of (c) is:
Figure GDA0003754784760000051
in the formula: c w Cost per unit water injection, yuan/m 3 ;P o Is the market price per unit volume of crude oil, yuan/m 3
When oil change coefficient eta k When the water content is more than 1, the layer is a normal water injection layer;
when oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0-1, the horizon is the horizon in which the inefficient water injection zone is located.
Optionally, the level determining module is further configured to:
calculating the oil change coefficient of each grid in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system;
oil change coefficient xi of each grid j The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000052
in the formula: xi j The oil change coefficient of the jth grid; q o,j Is the cumulative oil production of the jth grid in a preset time period, m 3 ;Q w,j Is the cumulative water passing amount of the jth grid in a preset time period m 3
When changing oil coefficient xi j When the water injection amount is larger than 1, the grid is a normal water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0.4-1, the grid is an inefficient water injection grid;
when oil change coefficient xi j In the range of 0-0.4, the grid is an extremely inefficient water injection grid.
Optionally, the position determining module is further configured to:
if the low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are low-efficiency water injection zones;
if the extremely-low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are extremely-low-efficiency water injection zones;
the other areas except for the low-efficiency water injection belt and the extremely low-efficiency water injection belt are normal water injection belts.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program for executing the above method is stored.
In the embodiment of the invention, the investigation range of the low-efficiency water injection zone is reduced by acquiring the production dynamic data of the oil-water well and sequentially screening the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone and the layer position where the existing probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the first preset value and the layer position where the existing probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value. And performing single-layer analysis calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value, so as to determine the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located. By analyzing and calculating the grids in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system, the low-efficiency water injection grid and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection grid can be determined. According to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grids among the oil-water wells, the development positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones can be determined. Therefore, the method for representing the oil deposit low-efficiency water injection zone in the extra-high water cut period can accurately determine the position, the development position and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection zone, and improves the representation effect of the low-efficiency water injection zone.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for characterizing an inefficient waterflood zone of a very high water-cut reservoir in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an inefficient water injection zone characterization device for an oil reservoir in a very high water cut period in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of a third example permeability profile for a low efficiency waterflood well group in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a specific curve of the water storage rate of each sub-layer stage varying with the water content in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary illustration of a planar water saturation distribution for a third sublayer having an overall water content of 98% according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of the distribution of the oil change coefficient of the third sublayer in the example of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an exemplary graph of the distribution of the low efficiency water injection zone of the third sublayer in the example of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In the long-term water injection development process of an oil field, the heterogeneity of a reservoir layer can cause unbalanced displacement of injected water, so that the pressure and saturation distribution of fluid in an oil reservoir are obviously different. Particularly, after the reservoir reaches the ultra-high water cut period, the difference between the fluid field and the pressure field of different parts in the oil reservoir is more obvious, and injected water is subjected to low-efficiency circulation in partial areas to form low-efficiency water injection zones, so that the recoverable reserve of the oil reservoir is reduced, the oil displacement effect is poor, and the economic benefit is reduced. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is important to effectively identify the inefficient water injection zone. In the prior art, the existence of the low-efficiency water injection zone of a certain well group can only be roughly judged, the layer position, the development position and the development level of the well group cannot be confirmed, and the characterization effect on the low-efficiency water injection zone is poor. Based on the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for characterizing an inefficient water injection zone of an oil reservoir in an ultra-high water-cut period, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific flow:
step 101, obtaining production dynamic data of the oil-water well, and screening out a well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone according to the production dynamic data, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value.
And 102, calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the first preset value, and screening the layer with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the second preset value according to the stage water storage rate.
And 103, performing single-layer analysis calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, and determining the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located.
And step 104, analyzing and calculating grids in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on a grid system, and determining the low-efficiency water injection grid and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection grid.
And 105, determining the development position of the low-efficiency water injection zone according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grid among the oil-water wells.
As can be known from the flow shown in the attached figure 1, in the embodiment of the invention, the investigation range of the low-efficiency water injection zone is reduced by acquiring the production dynamic data of the oil-water well, and sequentially screening the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone and the layer position where the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the first preset value and the layer position where the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value. And performing single-layer analysis calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value, so as to determine the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located. By analyzing and calculating the grids in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system, the low-efficiency water injection grid and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection grid can be determined. According to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grids among the oil-water wells, the development positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones can be determined. Therefore, the method for characterizing the oil deposit low-efficiency water injection zone in the extra-high water-cut period can accurately determine the layer position, the development position and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection zone, and improves the characterization effect on the low-efficiency water injection zone.
In order to accurately screen out a well group containing an inefficient water injection zone, the probability of which reaches a first preset value, obtain the production dynamic data of an oil-water well, and screen out the well group containing the inefficient water injection zone, the probability of which reaches the first preset value according to the production dynamic data, the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the injection pressure and water absorption index of a water well and the water content and liquid extraction index of an oil well within the range of a target block;
and screening the oil-water wells according to the average values of the injection pressure, the water absorption index, the water content and the liquid extraction index in a preset time period, and taking the well group where the oil-water well with the injection pressure lower than the average value, the water absorption index higher than the average value, the water content higher than the average value and the liquid extraction index higher than the average value is positioned as the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value.
Specifically, in order to ensure measurement accuracy and facilitate value taking, data of the last year can be selected to calculate average values of injection pressure, water absorption index, water content and fluid production index in a block range respectively.
In order to accurately screen the layer where the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaches the second preset value, calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaching the first preset value, and screening the layer where the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaches the second preset value according to the stage water storage rate, the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value in a preset time period, and calculating the average value of the stage water storage rates of a plurality of small layers in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the first preset value according to the stage water storage rate of each small layer;
and screening out small layers with stage water storage rates lower than the average value as layers with the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaching a second preset value.
Wherein the stage water storage rate E S The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000081
in the formula: e S The stage water storage rate; q i M is the stage water injection quantity 3 ;Q w M is the stage water yield 3
In the embodiment of the invention, the single-layer analysis calculation is carried out on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value, and the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located is determined, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the oil change coefficient of a single layer aiming at the layer position of which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection belt reaches a second preset value;
single layer oil change coefficient eta k The calculation formula of (c) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000082
in the formula: eta k Is the single layer oil change coefficient, Q, of the k-th layer o,k For the kth time period in the preset time periodCumulative oil production of layer, m 3 ,Q w,k Is the cumulative injection amount of the k layer within a preset time period, m 3 ,Q e The minimum oil yield m which is required to be obtained by unit water injection under the existing economic and technical conditions 3
Q e The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000083
in the formula: c w Cost per unit water injection, yuan/m 3 ;P o Is the market price per unit volume of crude oil, yuan/m 3
When oil change coefficient eta k When the water injection quantity is larger than 1, the layer position is a normal water injection layer;
when oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0-1, the horizon is the horizon in which the inefficient water injection zone is located.
The oil change coefficient is used as an important index for representing the low-efficiency water injection zone, the influence of economic factors on oil reservoir development is considered, and the displacement effect of the injected water on the crude oil can be evaluated more objectively. Because the oil change coefficient can change along with the oil price, the low-efficiency water injection zone obtained by the method has a dynamic characteristic result, and can help oil field companies to adjust development strategies in time and ensure the optimal economic benefit.
Wherein, when the oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0-0.4, the layer is an extremely inefficient water injection layer; when oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0.4-1, this level is a low efficiency water flood.
The discrimination range of the oil change coefficient is determined by adopting the following method: and establishing a large number of conceptual models according to actual geological data and production dynamic characteristics of an oil field site, and developing numerical simulation research. And respectively calculating the oil change coefficient of each small layer (or grid) according to the simulation result, performing statistical analysis on the calculation result, and drawing an accumulated probability distribution curve of the oil change coefficient. Research finds that an obvious mutation point (corresponding to the oil change coefficient of 0.4) exists on the curve, and indicates that the water drive characteristics of the oil reservoir are remarkably changed before and after the mutation point, which is the first limit of the oil change coefficient. The second limit (corresponding to the value of 1) of the oil change coefficient represents the balance of income and expenditure during the oil reservoir development, namely when the value is less than 1, the water injection efficiency is not high, and the oil reservoir development is based on the claim; and above 1, reservoir development is profitable, being a normal water-injection layer (or grid).
Further, based on a grid system, the grid in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located is analyzed and calculated, and the development levels of the low-efficiency water injection grid and the low-efficiency water injection grid are determined, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the oil change coefficient of each grid in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system;
oil change coefficient xi of each grid j The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000091
in the formula: xi shape j The oil change coefficient of the jth grid; q o,j Is the cumulative oil production of the jth grid in a preset time period, m 3 ;Q w,j Is the cumulative water passing amount of the jth grid in a preset time period m 3
When oil change coefficient xi j When the water injection amount is larger than 1, the grid is a normal water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0.4-1, the grid is a low efficiency water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0-0.4, the grid is an extremely inefficient water injection grid.
In order to accurately judge the development positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones with different development levels, the development positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones with different development levels are determined according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grids among the oil-water wells, and the method comprises the following steps:
if the low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are low-efficiency water injection zones;
if the extremely-low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are extremely-low-efficiency water injection zones;
and the other areas except the low-efficiency water injection belt and the extremely low-efficiency water injection belt are normal water injection belts.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a device for characterizing the low-efficiency water injection zone of the oil reservoir in the ultrahigh water-cut period, which is described in the following embodiment. Because the principle of solving the problems of the ultra-high water cut oil reservoir low-efficiency water injection zone characterization device is similar to the method for characterizing the ultra-high water cut oil reservoir low-efficiency water injection zone, the implementation of the ultra-high water cut oil reservoir low-efficiency water injection zone characterization device can refer to the implementation of the method for characterizing the ultra-high water cut oil reservoir low-efficiency water injection zone, and repeated parts are not repeated. As used hereinafter, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for representing an inefficient water injection zone of an oil reservoir in an ultrahigh water-cut period, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in the attached figure 2:
and the well group screening module 201 is used for acquiring production dynamic data of the oil-water well and screening a well group containing a low-efficiency water injection zone with the probability reaching a first preset value according to the production dynamic data.
And the horizon screening module 202 is used for calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone, the probability of which reaches the first preset value, and screening the horizon of which the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value according to the stage water storage rate.
And the layer position determining module 203 is used for performing single-layer analysis and calculation on the layer position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value, and determining the layer position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located.
And the level determining module 204 is configured to analyze and calculate the grids in the layer where the inefficient water injection zone is located based on the grid system, and determine the development levels of the inefficient water injection grid and the inefficient water injection grid.
And the position determining module 205 is used for determining the development position of the low-efficiency water injection zone according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grid among the oil-water wells.
In one embodiment, well group screening module 201 may be further configured to:
acquiring the injection pressure and water absorption index of a water well and the water content and liquid extraction index of an oil well within the range of a target block;
and screening the oil-water wells according to the average values of the injection pressure, the water absorption index, the water content and the liquid extraction index in a preset time period, and taking the well group where the oil-water well with the injection pressure lower than the average value, the water absorption index higher than the average value, the water content higher than the average value and the liquid extraction index higher than the average value is positioned as the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value.
In one embodiment, horizon screening module 202 may be further configured to:
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value in a preset time period, and calculating the average value of the stage water storage rates of a plurality of small layers in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the first preset value according to the stage water storage rate of each small layer;
and screening out small layers with stage water storage rates lower than the average value as layers with the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaching a second preset value.
In one embodiment, horizon determining module 203 may be further configured to:
calculating the oil change coefficient of a single layer aiming at the layer position at which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value;
single layer oil change coefficient eta k The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000111
in the formula: eta k Is the single layer oil change coefficient, Q, of the k-th layer o,k Is the cumulative oil production of the kth layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q w,k For the cumulative injection amount of the k layer in the preset time period,m 3 ,Q e The minimum oil yield m which is required to be obtained by unit water injection under the existing economic and technical conditions 3
Q e The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000112
in the formula: c w Cost per unit water injection, yuan/m 3 ;P o Is the market price per unit volume of crude oil, yuan/m 3
When oil change coefficient eta k When the water content is more than 1, the layer is a normal water injection layer;
when oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0-1, the horizon is the horizon in which the inefficient water injection zone is located.
In one embodiment, the level determination module 204 may be further configured to:
calculating the oil change coefficient of each grid in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system;
oil change coefficient xi of each grid j The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure GDA0003754784760000113
in the formula: xi shape j The oil change coefficient of the jth grid; q o,j Is the cumulative oil production of the jth grid within a preset time period, m 3 ;Q w,j Is the cumulative water passing amount of the jth grid in a preset time period m 3
When changing oil coefficient xi j When the water injection amount is larger than 1, the grid is a normal water injection grid;
when oil change coefficient xi j In the range of 0.4-1, the grid is an inefficient water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0-0.4, the grid is an extremely inefficient water injection grid.
In one embodiment, the location determination module 205 may be further configured to:
if the low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are low-efficiency water injection zones;
if the extremely-low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are extremely-low-efficiency water injection zones;
the other areas except for the low-efficiency water injection belt and the extremely low-efficiency water injection belt are normal water injection belts.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the above method when executing the computer program.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program for executing the foregoing method is stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
The invention is illustrated below in a specific embodiment:
acquiring the injection pressure and water absorption index of a water well and the water content and liquid extraction index of an oil well within the range of a target block;
and (3) screening the oil-water wells according to the average values of the injection pressure, the water absorption index, the water content and the liquid extraction index in a preset time period (the preset time period is nearly one year in order to ensure the measurement accuracy and facilitate the value), and taking the well group in which the oil-water wells with the injection pressure lower than the average value, the water absorption index higher than the average value, the water content higher than the average value and the liquid extraction index higher than the average value as the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value. Figure 3 is a group of wells containing a zone of low efficiency water injection with a probability of reaching a first preset value.
The well group had a total of three small layers, where the average permeability of the first small layer, the second small layer was 425 mracy and 648 mracy, respectively, and the permeability profile of the third small layer is shown in fig. 3 (unit: mracy). Calculating stage water storage rate of each layer according to the numerical simulation data of the block, and drawing a curve of variation of stage water storage rate of each layer with water content, as shown in figure 4. Compared with the first small layer and the second small layer, the water storage rate of the third small layer is the lowest and is far smaller than the average value of the water storage rates of all the small layers of the well group under the same water content, so that the third small layer is used as a layer with the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the second preset value.
Assuming the current oil price P o $ 60/barrel (1 m) 3 =6.29 barrels), water injection cost C w Is 8 yuan/m 3 And the lowest oil yield Q which is required to be obtained by unit water injection amount under the existing economic and technical conditions can be calculated by substituting 1 dollar =6.81 Yuanrenhuan currency into the following formula e Is 3.112 × 10 -3 m 3
Figure GDA0003754784760000121
Further, the oil change coefficient of the current third small layer is calculated to be 0.576 by using the following formula, and the value is in the range of 0.4 to 1, so that the third small layer can be judged to be a low-efficiency water injection layer:
Figure GDA0003754784760000122
in the formula: q o,k Is the cumulative oil production of the kth layer in a preset time period, m 3 ;Q w,k Is the cumulative injection quantity of the k layer in a preset time period, m 3
The planar water saturation distribution for the third sublayer at an overall water cut of 98% is shown in FIG. 5. Obtaining the accumulated water passing amount Q of each grid in a preset time period from the numerical reservoir simulation data w,k And cumulative oil production Q o,j The oil change coefficient of each grid was calculated using the following formula, as shown in fig. 6.
Figure GDA0003754784760000123
The grids of the third sublayer can be divided into three categories on the plane according to the oil change coefficient: normal water injection grid (xi) j >1, black area), low efficiency water injection grid (0.4)<ξ j <1, dark gray area) and poleEnd-inefficient water injection grid (0)<ξ j <0.4, light gray area).
As can be seen from fig. 6, the low-efficiency water injection grid is communicated between the injection and production wells at the upper right, so that the development position of the low-efficiency water injection zone on the plane of the third small layer can be determined. As shown in fig. 7, the dark gray area in the figure is the low efficiency water injection zone, the light gray area is the extreme low efficiency water injection zone, and the black area is the normal water injection part. And low-efficiency water injection zones are not formed among the other three injection and production wells of the well group. The third small layer of the oil production well at the upper right corner is blocked and sealed on the oil field site based on the characteristic result of the low-efficiency water injection zone, so that a good oil increasing and water reducing effect is achieved. The water content of the well group is reduced by 27 percent, and the daily oil production is increased by 11.5m 3 The predicted recovery efficiency is improved by 2.16%.
In the embodiment of the invention, the investigation range of the low-efficiency water injection zone is reduced by acquiring the production dynamic data of the oil-water well and sequentially screening the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone and the layer position where the existing probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the first preset value and the layer position where the existing probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches the second preset value. And (4) performing single-layer analysis calculation on the positions where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, so as to determine the positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones. By analyzing and calculating the grids in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system, the low-efficiency water injection grid and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection grid can be determined. According to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grids among the oil-water wells, the development positions of the low-efficiency water injection zones can be determined. Therefore, the method for characterizing the oil deposit low-efficiency water injection zone in the extra-high water-cut period can accurately determine the layer position, the development position and the development level of the low-efficiency water injection zone, and improves the characterization effect on the low-efficiency water injection zone.
In the embodiment, the oil change coefficient is used as an important index for representing the low-efficiency water injection zone, the influence of economic factors on oil reservoir development is considered, and the displacement effect of the injected water on crude oil can be evaluated more objectively. Because the oil change coefficient can change along with the oil price, the low-efficiency water injection zone obtained by the method has a dynamic characteristic result, and can help oil field companies to adjust development strategies in time and ensure the optimal economic benefit. The method can determine the layer position and the level of the development of the low-efficiency water injection belt, overcome the limitation of the prior art and determine the development position of the low-efficiency water injection belt. The data required by the invention mainly comprises production dynamic data and oil reservoir numerical simulation data of the oil-water well. Because the production dynamic data is the most easily obtained data on the oil field site, and numerical simulation research is basically carried out on the oil reservoir in the ultra-high water cut period, the data required by the invention is easier to obtain, no additional test work is required, and the cost is lower. The invention is very simple to apply, convenient for field technicians to use and strong in operability.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A method for characterizing an inefficient waterflood zone of an oil reservoir in an ultrahigh water cut period is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring production dynamic data of the oil-water well, and screening out a well group containing a low-efficiency water injection zone according to the production dynamic data, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value; wherein the production dynamic data comprises injection pressure and water absorption index of a well, water content of an oil well and fluid production index;
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value, and screening the layer, of which the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, according to the stage water storage rate;
performing single-layer analysis calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, and determining the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located;
analyzing and calculating grids in a layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on a grid system, and determining development levels of the low-efficiency water injection grid and the low-efficiency water injection grid;
determining the development positions of low-efficiency water injection zones with different development levels according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grids among the oil-water wells;
performing single-layer analysis calculation on the position where the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, and determining the position where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the oil change coefficient of a single layer aiming at the layer position of which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection belt reaches a second preset value;
single layer oil change coefficient eta k The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FSB0000201008940000011
in the formula: eta k Is the single layer oil change coefficient, Q, of the k-th layer o,k Is the cumulative oil production of the kth layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q w,k Is the cumulative injection quantity of the k layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q e The minimum oil yield m which is required to be obtained by unit water injection under the existing economic and technical conditions 3
Q e The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FSB0000201008940000012
in the formula: c w Cost per m of unit water injection 3 ;P o Is the market price per unit volume of crude oil, yuan/m 3
When oil change coefficient eta k When the water content is more than 1, the layer is a normal water injection layer;
when oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0-1, the horizon is the horizon in which the inefficient water injection zone is located.
2. The method for characterizing the inefficient water injection zone of the oil reservoir in the ultra-high water cut period as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps of obtaining the production dynamic data of the oil-water well and screening out the well group containing the inefficient water injection zone according to the production dynamic data, wherein the probability of the inefficient water injection zone reaches a first preset value, comprise:
acquiring the injection pressure and water absorption index of a water well and the water content and liquid extraction index of an oil well within the range of a target block;
and screening the oil-water wells according to the average values of the injection pressure, the water absorption index, the water content and the liquid extraction index in a preset time period, and taking the well group where the oil-water well with the injection pressure lower than the average value, the water absorption index higher than the average value, the water content higher than the average value and the liquid extraction index higher than the average value is positioned as the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value.
3. The method for characterizing the inefficient waterflood zone of an ultra-high water cut reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein calculating the stage water-storage rate of each small zone in the well group having the probability of the inefficient waterflood zone reaching a first preset value, and selecting the zone having the probability of the inefficient waterflood zone reaching a second preset value according to the stage water-storage rate comprises:
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value in a preset time period, and calculating the average value of the stage water storage rates of a plurality of small layers in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the first preset value according to the stage water storage rate of each small layer;
and screening out the small layer with the stage water storage rate lower than the average value as the layer with the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the second preset value.
4. The method for characterizing the inefficient water injection zones of the ultrahigh water cut reservoir of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the development levels of the inefficient water injection grid and the inefficient water injection grid by performing analysis and calculation on the grid in the zone where the inefficient water injection zone is located based on a grid system comprises the steps of:
calculating the oil change coefficient of each grid in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system;
oil change coefficient xi of each grid j Is calculated byThe formula is as follows:
Figure FSB0000201008940000021
in the formula: xi j The oil change coefficient of the jth grid is; q o,j Is the cumulative oil production of the jth grid in a preset time period, m 3 ;Q w,j Is the cumulative water passing amount of the jth grid in a preset time period m 3
When changing oil coefficient xi j When the water injection amount is larger than 1, the grid is a normal water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0.4-1, the grid is an inefficient water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0-0.4, the grid is an extremely inefficient water injection grid.
5. The method for characterizing the inefficient water injection zones of the ultrahigh water cut reservoir according to claim 4, wherein the step of determining the development positions of the inefficient water injection zones with different development levels according to the communication condition of the inefficient water injection grids among the oil-water wells comprises the following steps:
if the low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are low-efficiency water injection zones;
if the extremely-low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are extremely-low-efficiency water injection zones;
and the other areas except the low-efficiency water injection belt and the extremely low-efficiency water injection belt are normal water injection belts.
6. An ultra-high water cut stage oil reservoir low efficiency water injection zone characterization device, comprising:
the well group screening module is used for acquiring production dynamic data of the oil-water well and screening a well group containing a low-efficiency water injection zone according to the production dynamic data, wherein the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a first preset value; wherein, the production dynamic data comprises the injection pressure and the water absorption index of the well, the water content of the oil well and the liquid extraction index;
the horizon screening module is used for calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group containing the low-efficiency water injection zone, the probability of which reaches a first preset value, and screening the horizon of which the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value according to the stage water storage rate;
the layer position determining module is used for carrying out single-layer analysis calculation on the layer position of which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection zone reaches a second preset value, and determining the layer position of the low-efficiency water injection zone;
the level determination module is used for analyzing and calculating the grids in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system and determining the development levels of the low-efficiency water injection grid and the low-efficiency water injection grid;
the position determining module is used for determining the development position of the low-efficiency water injection zone according to the communication condition of the low-efficiency water injection grid among the oil-water wells;
the horizon determining module is further to:
calculating the oil change coefficient of a single layer aiming at the layer position of which the existence probability of each low-efficiency water injection belt reaches a second preset value;
single layer oil change coefficient eta k The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FSB0000201008940000031
in the formula: eta k Is the monolayer oil change coefficient, Q, of the kth layer o,k Is the cumulative oil production of the kth layer in a preset time period, m 3 ,Q w,k Is the cumulative injection amount of the k layer within a preset time period, m 3 Qe is the minimum oil yield per unit water injection amount under the existing economic and technical conditions, m 3
Q e The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FSB0000201008940000032
in the formula: c w Is the unit water injection quantityCost of (A)/m 3 ;P o Is the market price per unit volume of crude oil, yuan/m 3
When oil change coefficient eta k When the water content is more than 1, the layer is a normal water injection layer;
when oil change coefficient eta k In the range of 0-1, the horizon is the horizon in which the inefficient water injection zone is located.
7. The apparatus for characterizing a low efficiency waterflood zone of an ultra high water cut reservoir of claim 6, wherein the well group screening module is further configured to:
acquiring the injection pressure and water absorption index of a water well in the range of a target block, and the water content and fluid production index of an oil well;
and screening the oil-water wells according to the injection pressure, the water absorption index, the water content and the average value of the liquid extraction index in a preset time period, and taking the combination of the oil-water wells with the injection pressure lower than the average value, the water absorption index higher than the average value, the water content higher than the average value and the liquid extraction index higher than the average value as a well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the horizon screening module is further configured to:
calculating the stage water storage rate of each small layer in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching a first preset value in a preset time period, and calculating the average value of the stage water storage rates of a plurality of small layers in the well group with the probability of the low-efficiency water injection zone reaching the first preset value according to the stage water storage rate of each small layer;
and screening out small layers with stage water storage rates lower than the average value as layers with the existence probability of the low-efficiency water injection belt reaching a second preset value.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the rank determination module is further configured to:
calculating the oil change coefficient of each grid in the layer where the low-efficiency water injection zone is located based on the grid system;
oil change coefficient xi of each grid j The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FSB0000201008940000041
in the formula: xi j The oil change coefficient of the jth grid is; q o,j Is the cumulative oil production of the jth grid in a preset time period, m 3 ;Q w,j Is the cumulative water passing amount of the jth grid in a preset time period m 3
When oil change coefficient xi j When the water injection amount is larger than 1, the grid is a normal water injection grid;
when oil change coefficient xi j In the range of 0.4-1, the grid is an inefficient water injection grid;
when changing oil coefficient xi j In the range of 0-0.4, the grid is an extremely inefficient water injection grid.
10. The apparatus for characterizing a low-efficiency waterflood zone of an ultrahigh water content reservoir of claim 9, wherein the location determining module is further configured to:
if the low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are low-efficiency water injection zones;
if the extremely-low-efficiency water injection grids are communicated among the oil-water wells, the areas where the grids are located are extremely-low-efficiency water injection zones;
the other areas except for the low-efficiency water injection belt and the extremely low-efficiency water injection belt are normal water injection belts.
11. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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