CN109778030B - Novel aluminum alloy material and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Novel aluminum alloy material and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109778030B CN109778030B CN201910209000.5A CN201910209000A CN109778030B CN 109778030 B CN109778030 B CN 109778030B CN 201910209000 A CN201910209000 A CN 201910209000A CN 109778030 B CN109778030 B CN 109778030B
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof. Specifically, the present inventors have found that a 6-series aluminum alloy material having hardness, ductility and electrical conductivity in combination can be obtained by adjusting various other elements such as copper, iron and chromium without lowering the contents of magnesium and silicon in the 6-series aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy manufacturing, and particularly provides a novel high-conductivity aluminum alloy product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The 6 series aluminum alloy is an aluminum alloy which takes magnesium and silicon as main alloy elements and takes Mg and Si phases as strengthening phases, and belongs to heat treatment strengthenable aluminum alloy. The 6 series aluminum alloy has the advantages of medium strength, high corrosion resistance, no stress corrosion cracking tendency, good welding performance, unchanged corrosion performance of a welding area, good formability, good process performance and the like, and is widely applied to various fields.
In the existing 6 series aluminum alloy products, except 6010 aluminum alloy which has relatively good conductivity (55% IACS), the other aluminum alloys are not well known for excellent conductivity, so in the product field with higher requirement on conductivity, the 6 series alloy can not replace expensive and rare metal copper. However, for 6010 aluminum alloy, the content of alloy strengthening phase elements such as silicon and magnesium is low, which leads to the decrease of hardness and other mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy. And in other 6 series aluminum alloy products, because the silicon and magnesium alloy strengthening phase elements with higher content are contained, the electric conductivity is lower and is lower than 50 percent IACS, and the requirements of sputtering targets of special industries such as semiconductor chips on high strength, high plasticity and high electric conductivity of the aluminum alloy cannot be met.
Therefore, there is a strong need in the art to develop an aluminum alloy material that has a combination of strength, hardness, plasticity, and electrical conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect of the present invention, an aluminum alloy material is provided, which contains the following components:
(i) a first component consisting of the elements magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese and titanium, wherein based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy material,
content W of magnesiumMagnesium alloy0.8-1.2 wt%;
content W of siliconSilicon0.4-0.7 wt%;
copper content WCopper (Cu)0.10-0.30 wt%;
content W of manganeseManganese oxideSatisfy 0 < WManganese oxide≤0.10wt％；
Content W of titaniumTitanium (IV)Satisfy 0 < WTitanium (IV)Less than or equal to 0.15 wt%; and
(ii) and the second component is the balance of aluminum.
In another preferred example, the aluminum alloy material further optionally contains:
(iii) a third component comprising one or more elements selected from the group consisting of:
iron, wherein the content of iron WIronW is more than or equal to 0Iron≤0.5wt％；
Chromium, wherein the content of chromium WChromium (III)W is more than or equal to 0Chromium (III)≤0.25wt％；
Zinc, wherein the content of zinc WZincW is more than or equal to 0Zinc≤0.1wt％。
In another preferred embodiment, the sum W of all the element contents in the third componentiiiNot higher than 0.15 wt%, not higher than 0.10 wt%, or not higher than 0.08 wt%, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy material.
In a further preferred embodiment of the method,
content W of magnesiumMagnesium alloy0.9-1.1 wt%; and/or
Content W of siliconSilicon0.5-0.65 wt%; and/or
Copper content WCopper (Cu)0.15-0.30 wt% or 0.20-0.28 wt%; and/or
Content W of manganeseManganese oxide0.01-0.09 wt% or 0.02-0.08 wt%; and/or
The content of titanium satisfies WTitanium (IV)0.01-0.12 wt%, 0.02-0.10 wt% or 0.03-0.08 wt%; and/or
Iron content WIron0.1-0.4 wt% or 0.2-0.3 wt%;
content W of chromiumChromium (III)0.05-0.20 wt% or 0.08-0.15 wt%;
content W of zincZinc0.01-0.08 wt%, 0.02-0.05 wt% or 0.03-0.04 wt%.
In another preferred example, the aluminum alloy material further contains an iron element.
In another preferred example, the third component does not contain manganese and/or zinc elements.
In another preferred embodiment, the third component contains at least 1, 2 or 3 elements.
In another preferred embodiment, W isiiiIs not 0 wt%.
In another preferred embodiment, the content of each element in the third component is not higher than 0.05 wt% respectively.
In another preferred embodiment, the elements are present in monomeric and/or in compound form.
In another preferred embodiment, the elements are present in the form of compounds.
In another preferred embodiment, the total weight W of the first component, the second component and the third componentTThe weight of the aluminum alloy material is not less than 99.80%, 99.85%, 99.90%, 99.95%, 99.98% or 99.99%.
In another preferred embodiment, the total weight W of the first component, the second component and the third componentTIs 100 percent of the total weight of the aluminum alloy material.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an aluminum alloy product comprising or produced from the aluminum alloy material according to the first aspect of the present invention as a main raw material.
In another preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy product further comprises an insulating member coated and/or clad outside the aluminum alloy material according to the first aspect 1 of the present invention.
In another preferred example, the aluminum alloy product is in the form of a wire, ingot, plate, sheet, or a combination thereof.
The aluminum alloy material according to the first aspect of the present invention or the aluminum alloy product according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the aluminum alloy material or the aluminum alloy product has one or more of the following characteristics:
(a) the conductivity is not lower than 20Ms/m, not lower than 21Ms/m, or not lower than 22 Ms/m;
(b) the elongation is not lower than 23%; or
(c) The tensile strength is more than 120 MPa.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an aluminum alloy material, comprising the steps of:
a raw material providing step: providing a liquid aluminum raw material;
mixing and refining: mixing the liquid aluminum raw material with certain contents of magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese and titanium elements and refining to obtain the aluminum alloy material, wherein,
the final content of the magnesium, the silicon, the copper, the manganese and the titanium elements is calculated by the total weight of the aluminum alloy material, and the following requirements are met:
content W of magnesiumMagnesium alloy0.8-1.2 wt%;
content W of siliconSilicon0.4-0.7 wt%;
copper content WCopper (Cu)0.10-0.30 wt%;
content W of manganeseManganese oxideSatisfy 0 < WManganese oxideLess than or equal to 0.10 wt%; and
content W of titaniumTitanium (IV)Satisfy 0 < WTitanium (IV)≤0.15wt％。
In another preferred example, the aluminum raw material is derived from an aluminum ingot and/or an aluminum alloy.
In another preferred example, the aluminum ingot is an aluminum ingot with an aluminum purity higher than 99.70%, 99.80%, 99.90%, or 99.99%.
In another preferred example, the aluminum alloy is a 6-series aluminum alloy.
In another preferred example, the type of the 6-series aluminum alloy is 6061.
In another preferred example, the aluminum raw material is a mixture of an aluminum ingot and an aluminum alloy.
In another preferred embodiment, the proportion of the aluminum ingot and the aluminum alloy is 80-100wt% based on the weight of the mixture: 0 to 20 wt%.
In another preferred embodiment, the refining conditions are as follows:
melting temperature: 720 ℃ and 740 ℃;
refining agent: aluminum liquid; and
protective gas: an inert gas.
In another preferred embodiment, the inert gas comprises argon or helium.
In another preferred embodiment, the smelting temperature of each refining is the same or different.
In another preferred embodiment, the melting temperatures are different.
In another preferred example, the dosage of the aluminum liquid is 0.4-0.8 kg/ton calculated by the aluminum raw material.
In another preferred embodiment, the pressure of the inert gas is 0.15-0.20Mpa, and/or the purity of the inert gas is at least 99.99%.
In another preferred example, iron, chromium, zinc and aluminum raw materials are mixed in addition to magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese and titanium elements to obtain an aluminum alloy material, wherein:
the final content of the magnesium, the silicon, the copper, the manganese and the titanium elements is calculated by the total weight of the aluminum alloy material, and the following requirements are met:
iron, wherein the content of iron WIronW is more than or equal to 0Iron≤0.5wt％；
Chromium, wherein the content of chromium WChromium (III)W is more than or equal to 0Chromium (III)≤0.25wt％；
Zinc, wherein the content of zinc WZincW is more than or equal to 0ZincLess than or equal to 0.1 wt%; and
in another preferred embodiment, the mixing and refining step further comprises the sub-steps of:
sampling and measuring the obtained aluminum alloy material;
repeating the mixing and refining step and adjusting each element in the aluminum alloy material,
thereby obtaining the aluminum alloy material meeting the requirements of various elements.
In another preferred embodiment, said sub-steps are repeated at least 2, 3, 4 or 5 times.
In another preferred embodiment, the substeps are repeated at least 3 times, wherein the first repeated melting temperature is 720-; the temperature of the second and/or third repetition is 725-730 ℃.
In another preferred embodiment, the mixing and refining step further comprises a substep of blending the mixture.
In another preferred embodiment, the mixing is performed by electromagnetic stirring to mix the mixture uniformly.
In another preferred example, the time of the electromagnetic stirring is 15 min/per.
In another preferred embodiment, the refining further comprises a sub-step of removing dross.
In another preferred embodiment, the duration of each refining is at least 25min, preferably 30min, more preferably 35 min.
In another preferred embodiment, the mixing and refining step further comprises a filtering sub-step.
In another preferred example, the filtering comprises filtering out gas and/or filtering out slag.
In another preferred embodiment, after the filtering degassing, the hydrogen content of the obtained aluminum alloy material is lower than 0.12ml/100 gAL.
In another preferred example, the filtering deslagging is carried out by adopting a ceramic filtering device.
In another preferred embodiment, the ceramic filter device comprises a ceramic filter plate.
In another preferred embodiment, the ceramic filter plate has a size of 40 ppi.
In another preferred example, the filtration deslagging also adopts an RD grade tubular filtration system.
In another preferred example, the step of mixing and refining further includes a sub-step of cooling the aluminum alloy material.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a use of the aluminum alloy material according to the first aspect of the present invention or the aluminum alloy product according to the second aspect of the present invention for preparing one or more of a semiconductor sputtering target material, an integrated circuit, an information storage unit, a liquid crystal display, a laser memory, an electronic control device, and the like, a wear-resistant coating material, a high-temperature corrosion-resistant coating material, a coating decoration, an automobile connecting rod, a high-pressure gas cylinder, and an automobile hub.
Detailed Description
The present inventors have made extensive and intensive studies and have unexpectedly found that a 6-series aluminum alloy material having hardness, ductility and electrical conductivity in combination can be obtained by adjusting various other elements such as copper, iron and chromium without lowering the contents of magnesium and silicon in the 6-series aluminum alloy. Through a large number of experimental adjustments, the invention discovers that when phases (such as the content of the impurity metal originally thought) in the 6-series aluminum alloy reach delicate balance, all properties of the aluminum alloy material can reach a relatively average high level, particularly the conductivity of the aluminum alloy material is improved by at least 30 percent compared with the conductivity of the original material, and the original mechanical properties such as high hardness, high strength, high ductility and the like are also retained. The novel aluminum alloy material is a novel 6-series aluminum material, the applicable range of the 6-series aluminum alloy is remarkably expanded, the novel aluminum alloy material is more suitable for the field of integrated circuits with certain requirements on electric conductivity, and the manufacturing cost of the novel aluminum alloy material is effectively reduced. On the basis of this, the present invention has been completed.
Term(s) for
6 series aluminum alloy
As used herein, the terms "6-series aluminum alloy", "6 xxx aluminum alloy" are used interchangeably and refer to aluminum alloy materials obtained with aluminum Al as the matrix phase and magnesium Mg and silicon Si as the reinforcement phases. In general, the total mass of magnesium and silicon in the 6-series alloy accounts for 0.5% or more of the alloy material. The balance of the dopant is usually an element considered as an impurity, such as iron, copper, chromium, manganese, boron, titanium, vanadium, zinc, cadmium, and other elements. Common 6-series aluminum alloys include 6101, 6063, 6061, 6082, 6160, 6125, 6262, 6060, 6005, 6463, and the like. At present, in order to achieve certain mechanical properties, higher amounts of silicon and magnesium are generally contained, and if the conductivity of the alloy material needs to be increased, the content of the silicon and the magnesium in the alloy material is reduced.
Alloying
Alloying means that in the metallurgical process, by adding elements, the metal becomes an alloy with expected performance under certain process conditions. In the present invention, alloying means adding elements such as silicon, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, chromium, titanium, etc. to the raw material aluminum to obtain an alloyed aluminum alloy material.
Electrical conductivity of
Electrical conductivity (electrical conductivity), which is a measure of the magnitude of a material's ability to transmit current, is the inverse of resistivity. The units in the international system of units are siemens per meter (s/m).
IACS
The i.a.c.s% conductivity is the i.a.c.s% bulk conductivity or i.a.c.s% mass conductivity, which is the ratio of the resistivity (both volume and mass) specified by the international annealed copper standard to the resistivity of the same unit specimen multiplied by 100. The percentage IACS conductivity versus conductivity can be scaled according to common knowledge in the art. For example, the conductivity (% IACS) ═ σ/58.0 × 100%, the conductivity σ, the overall called bulk conductivity, is the reciprocal of the volume resistivity, also called the conductance, in siemens per meter (S/m) or megasiemens per meter (MS/m). Conductivity refers to the percentage of the conductivity of the sample compared to a standard value. ).
Impurities
As used herein, the term "impurities" refers to other doping materials in the aluminum alloy materials of the present invention in addition to the elements aluminum, magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese, chromium, zinc, and titanium.
The numerical range of the present invention includes the end values of the numerical range, the point values of two decimal points reserved in the numerical range, or the new numerical range formed by any end value and point value in the numerical range, and the combination thereof.
Unless otherwise specified, all percentages stated herein are mass percentages (wt%).
Aluminum alloy material
As used herein, the term "aluminum alloy material of the present invention" refers to an aluminum alloy composite material containing the first component, the second component, and the third component of the present invention. Preferably, the mass of the first component, the second component and the third component accounts for 100wt% of the total mass of the aluminum alloy material. Of course, the aluminum alloy material may be doped with inevitable impurities in addition to the above three components. However, the mass of these unavoidable impurities in the aluminum alloy material of the present invention is generally less than 0.05 wt%, preferably less than 0.04 wt%, more preferably less than 0.02 wt%, still more preferably less than 0.01 wt%, and most preferably the unavoidable impurities are not contained. Namely, the total mass Wt of the first component, the second component and the third component is not less than 99.80 percent, 99.85 percent, 99.90 percent, 99.95 percent, not less than 99.96 percent, not less than 99.98 percent and 99.99 percent of the total mass of the aluminum alloy material.
A first component
The first component of the aluminum alloy material of the invention consists of magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese and titanium elements. The weight percentage (content) of the aluminum alloy material is respectively WMagnesium alloy、WSilicon、WCopper (Cu)、WManganese oxide、WTitanium (IV). Wherein based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy material,
the magnesium content W is 0.8-1.2 wt%, or 0.09-0.10 wt%.
The silicon content W silicon is 0.4-0.7 wt%, or 0.5-0.6 wt%.
The copper content W is 0.10-0.30 wt%, 0.15-0.30 wt%, or 0.20-0.28 wt%.
The content of manganese W is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.10wt percent, 0.01 to 0.09wt percent or 0.02 to 0.08wt percent.
The titanium content W titanium is 0 < W titanium ≦ 0.15 wt%, 0.01-0.12 wt%, 0.02-0.10 wt%, or 0.03-0.08 wt%, and in a preferred case, the lower the titanium content, the better, but not equal to zero.
In the first component of the present invention, the present inventors have found that the reinforcing phase Mg is formed after the addition of the magnesium and silicon elements in the specific amounts of the present invention2Si, by homogenization, i.e. retaining Mg2High yield strength of Si, reduced fatigue toughness, and Mg2Si precipitates, and the conductivity is improved.
The inventors have found that the addition of copper further refines the grains due to the face-centered cubic nature of aluminum and copper, increases grain boundaries and increases the probability of electron scattering, decreasing conductivity. However, the addition of copper element in the specific amount range (0.10-0.35 wt%) of the invention not only can improve the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the alloy and improve the mechanical cutting performance, but also can overcome the defect of conductivity reduction after copper is added, and has conductivity, hardness and machining performance.
In the case of silicon, besides being dissolved in a small amount in alpha aluminum, most of silicon in the aluminum alloy coexists with alpha Al in the form of a simple substance phase. Silicon increases the hardness of the alloy, i.e., increases the strength of the alloy, but decreases the plasticity of the alloy. The inventors have found that as the silicon content increases, the conductivity of the alloy decreases because the amount of free silicon in the aluminum matrix increases and silicon is a semiconductor, and that increasing the silicon content decreases the effective conductive cross-sectional area of the aluminum matrix, thereby decreasing the conductivity of the alloy. Therefore, the inventor adjusts the content of silicon to be 0.4-0.7 wt%, thereby obtaining the formula of the aluminum alloy material which can simultaneously achieve the plasticity, the conductivity and the hardness of the aluminum alloy. After the silicon-based formula is further added with a trace amount of manganese (0.01-0.09 wt%), the inventor finds that the manganese has a good effect on improving the overall strength of the aluminum alloy material, and the effect of the manganese is obviously better than that of the aluminum alloy material with the silicon added.
In addition, the inventor also finds that after a trace amount of titanium element (0.01-0.12 wt%) is added, the prepared aluminum alloy material has extremely excellent refined grains, the situation of original coarse grains is improved, and the obtained aluminum alloy material has extremely excellent grain performance in subsequent casting.
A second component
The second component of the aluminum alloy material of the present invention refers to aluminum, and the content thereof is the balance other than the first component, and optionally the third component. The aluminum is preferably derived from a high purity aluminum source having a purity of at least 99.5%, preferably greater than 99.6%, preferably greater than 99.7%, 99.8% or 99.9%.
The aluminium of the present invention is generally added in liquid form at the time of manufacture. The aluminium in liquid form is preferably derived from a molten aluminium ingot or a molten aluminium alloy. Preferably, the liquid form of aluminum is derived from a molten pure aluminum ingot or a mixture thereof with a molten aluminum alloy.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention uses low-iron aluminum ingot with the grade of 99.70% as raw material, but aluminum ingot with higher purity can be used for replacement, and the skilled person can replace the ingot according to the conventional technical means.
Thus, the aluminium in the second component of the invention may contain unavoidable impurities, which are defined above.
Third component
The third component of the aluminium alloy material of the invention typically contains one or more elements selected from iron, chromium or zinc. In a preferred embodiment, the third component contains at least one, at least two, at least three elements.
The contents of iron, copper and chromium are preferably not 0 for the contents of the respective elements, but when the contents of these elements are higher than the ranges obtained by the present invention, the conductivity of the obtained aluminum alloy is remarkably reduced.
Therefore, the components of the aluminum alloy material of the invention generally satisfy:
iron, wherein the content of iron WIronW is more than or equal to 0Iron≤0.5wt％；
Chromium, wherein the content of chromium WChromium (III)W is more than or equal to 0Chromium (III)≤0.25wt％；
Zinc, wherein the content of zinc WZincW is more than or equal to 0Zinc≤0.1wt％。
In a preferred embodiment, the sum of the weights W of all contents of the third componentiiiNot higher than 0.15 wt%, preferably not higher than 0.10 wt%, more preferably not higher than 0.08 wt%, based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy material.
In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy material of the invention has the following components:
iron content WIronW is more than or equal to 0.1IronNot more than 0.4 wt%, more preferablyW is not less than 0.2Iron≤0.3wt％；
Content W of chromiumChromium (III)W is more than or equal to 0.05Chromium (III)0.20% by weight or less, more preferably 0.08. ltoreq. WChromium (III)≤0.15wt％；
Content W of zincZincW is more than or equal to 0.01Zinc0.08% by weight or less, more preferably 0.02. ltoreq. WZinc0.05 wt% or less, most preferably 0.03 wt% or less WZinc≤0.04wt％。
In a preferred embodiment, the third component contains a very small amount of iron. Whereas for iron, iron is normally inevitably contained in the aluminium raw material, the smelting and casting tools are either steel or cast iron. Iron is known to be detrimental to the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. The present inventors have found that AL-Fe-Si compounds increase the hardness of the aluminum alloy but reduce the plasticity of the aluminum alloy, while the addition of Fe increases the resistivity, thereby reducing the electrical conductivity. However, the inventor verifies through experiments that the Fe content is greatly reduced from 0.7% to 0.1-0.5%, but the contents of silicon and magnesium are remained, so that the harmful phase can be eliminated and the conductivity can be improved. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy material of the present invention further contains a trace amount of iron.
For other elements in the third component, the inventor adjusts the content of other elements correspondingly under the condition of determining the first component, and the obtained chemical formula can obtain better mechanical and conductive properties. However, the content of each element in the third component is not more than 0.05 wt% respectively.
Form of existence
The aluminum alloy material of the invention has very small amount of each element in a monomer form, and most of the elements exist in the aluminum crystal lattice in a compound form. For example Mg2The conductivity (electrical conductivity) of the aluminium alloy is at least 20Ms/m due to the complex interaction of compounds such as Si, FeMnSi, etc.
Preparation method of aluminum alloy material
The invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the aluminum alloy material. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a raw material providing step: providing a liquid aluminum raw material;
mixing and refining: mixing the liquid aluminum raw material with certain contents of magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese and titanium elements and refining to obtain the aluminum alloy material, wherein,
the final content of the magnesium, the silicon, the copper, the manganese and the titanium elements is calculated by the total weight of the aluminum alloy material, and the following requirements are met:
content W of magnesiumMagnesium alloy0.8-1.2 wt%;
content W of siliconSilicon0.4-0.7 wt%;
copper content WCopper (Cu)0.10-0.30 wt%;
content W of manganeseManganese oxideSatisfy 0 < WManganese oxideLess than or equal to 0.10 wt%; and
content W of titaniumTitanium (IV)Satisfy 0 < WTitanium (IV)≤0.15wt％。
Preferably, the content of each element in the method satisfies the following condition:
content W of magnesiumMagnesium alloy0.09-0.10 wt%; and/or
Content W of siliconSilicon0.5-0.6 wt%; and/or
Copper content WCopper (Cu)0.15-0.30 wt% or 0.20-0.30 wt%; and/or
Content W of manganeseManganese oxide0.01-0.09 wt% or 0.02-0.08 wt%; and/or
The content of titanium satisfies WTitanium (IV)0.01-0.12 wt%, 0.02-0.10 wt% or 0.03-0.08 wt%; and/or
Iron content WIron0.1-0.4 wt% or 0.2-0.3 wt%;
content W of chromiumChromium (III)0.05-0.20 wt% or 0.08-0.15 wt%;
content W of zincZinc0.01-0.08 wt%, 0.02-0.05 wt% or 0.03-0.04 wt%.
Typically, the aluminum feedstock of the present invention is a high purity aluminum feedstock. The content of aluminum in the high-purity aluminum raw material is at least more than or equal to 99.5%, preferably more than 99.6%, preferably more than 99.7%, 99.8%, 99.90% or 99.99%. Preferably, an aluminum ingot, an aluminum alloy, or a combination thereof may be used as the aluminum raw material of the present invention. For example, the aluminum ingot may be from a low-iron aluminum ingot; the aluminum alloy may be from a 6-series aluminum alloy. One example of a preferred aluminum feedstock is aluminum feedstock obtained by mixing a low-iron aluminum ingot having a designation of 99.70 with 6061 aluminum alloy.
The aluminum feedstock is typically in liquid form. The manner of obtaining the aluminum raw material in a liquid form is not particularly limited, and may be liquid aluminum obtained in any manner. One preferred liquid aluminum is obtained by melting a solid aluminum ingot, aluminum alloy, or combination thereof to obtain a liquid aluminum feedstock.
In the aluminum raw material, a pure aluminum ingot or a mixture of an aluminum ingot and an aluminum alloy can be generally used. In the case of mixing an aluminum ingot and an aluminum alloy, 80 to 100 wt%: relative proportion of 0-20wt% (based on the weight of the mixture). Of course, relative proportions within a ratio range of 20% up and down of the ratio are also acceptable.
In the preparation process of the present invention, the mixing and refining steps are extremely critical. The method comprises the steps of mixing an aluminum raw material with various elements which are consistent with numerical values in the formula of the aluminum alloy material, and then refining.
The mixing can be carried out in a conventional manner. The order of addition of the raw materials and elements is not particularly limited. The elements may be added to the aluminum raw material, or the aluminum raw material may be added to the already mixed elements.
In a preferred embodiment, the sub-step of blending the mixture, which can be performed before the start of refining or throughout the entire blending and refining step, is performed regardless of the order in which the mixture is formed. The method of performing the blending substep is conventional, and the mixture may be blended, for example, by using electromagnetic stirring (e.g., 15 min/per).
For refining, the essence is the process of supplementing aluminum liquid to adjust the proportion of each element in the first component and the second component. Generally, the amount of aluminum liquid added may be estimated or calculated based on the amount of the entire aluminum alloy material, and one preferable mode is to add 0.4-0.8kg (aluminum liquid)/ton (aluminum raw material) of aluminum liquid based on the aluminum raw material.
In order to achieve the range of the elements contained in the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, it is preferable to repeat the steps of mixing and refining, to sample and measure the contents of the elements in the aluminum alloy material after each mixing and refining, and to adjust the parameters of refining again based on the measurement results.
The conditions which can be used in the mixing and refining steps of the present invention are generally conventional conditions, and one more effective condition is as follows:
melting temperature: 720 ℃ and 740 ℃;
refining agent: aluminum liquid; and
protective gas: an inert gas.
When the mixing and refining steps are repeated, for example 2, 3 or more times, the melting temperature may be adjusted, for example, the temperature may be different for each melting.
One preferred melting protocol applicable to the preparation process of the present invention is as follows: the first repeated melting temperature is 720-740 ℃; the temperature of the second and/or third repetition is 725-730 ℃.
The inert gas which can be used in the refining step is not particularly limited and is generally a protective gas commonly used in the industry, such as argon, helium, etc., so as to reduce impurities introduced in the air. Preferably, the content of hydrogen in the aluminum alloy material obtained after the protection by the protective gas is less than 0.12ml/100g (aluminum).
Finally, when obtaining the aluminum alloy material, the aluminum alloy material is optionally subjected to a process of filter degassing and/or deslagging. For example, by filtration using various known methods (e.g., ceramic filter elements).
The preparation steps of the preferred aluminum alloy material are as follows:
firstly, remelting aluminum ingots or aluminum alloy waste materials in a smelting furnace, then transferring water to a refining furnace, refining in the refining furnace, adding various alloy elements, exhausting and removing slag, lifting a furnace platform to dump molten aluminum after chemical components are adjusted to be qualified, enabling the molten aluminum to enter a degassing box through a launder to be subjected to dehydrogenation treatment, and then entering a filter box to be filtered so as to eliminate residual impurities and slag in the molten aluminum. And finally, feeding the aluminum liquid into a mold disc, solidifying and forming the aluminum liquid through a crystallizer in the mold disc, and gradually descending the dummy bar head and forming the length of the aluminum bar. During the casting process, ultrasonic flaw detection is also required to detect internal cracking, slag inclusion and other defects.
Aluminium alloy product
The invention also provides a novel aluminum alloy product. The aluminum alloy product is prepared from the aluminum alloy material. In general, the aluminum alloy product can be composed of the aluminum alloy material only, and can also be compounded with other materials to form a composite material.
Preferably, the present invention provides an aluminum alloy product containing the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, wherein the aluminum alloy product contains or is made of the aluminum alloy material as a main raw material. The term "main raw material" means that in the aluminum alloy product, the basic function of the aluminum alloy product is based on the properties of the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, and in such a case, the aluminum alloy material will be considered to constitute the "main raw material" of the aluminum alloy product. In contrast, the aluminum alloy material further contains auxiliary materials approved in the field of aluminum alloy processing, such as an insulating material wrapping the aluminum alloy material. Typically, at least 80 wt% (based on the total weight of the aluminum alloy product), 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% of the material in the aluminum alloy product is the aluminum alloy material of the present invention, then the aluminum alloy material is considered to constitute the "primary raw material" of the aluminum alloy product. For example, the aluminum alloy product of the present invention may further comprise an insulating material coated and/or clad on the outer surface of the aluminum alloy material to constitute an internally conductive and externally insulating material.
The aluminum alloy product of the invention can also be processed into different shapes according to the requirements of the final finished product. The shape of the aluminum alloy product of the present invention is not particularly limited, and it may be rolled into a sheet, a wire, a plate or cast into an ingot.
The product parameters of the aluminum alloy product of the invention, such as diameter, thickness, etc., are not particularly limited, and can be processed to form various parameters according to the requirements of the final finished product. One common aluminum alloy product is an aluminum alloy cast rod having a diameter of about 300-.
The invention has the beneficial effects
1. The aluminum alloy material has various performances which can reach relatively average high level, especially the conductivity which is improved by at least 30 percent compared with the prior material, and the mechanical properties of high hardness, high strength, high ductility and the like which are possessed by the prior material are also reserved.
2. The aluminum alloy material can be used for 6 series materials of sputtering target aluminum alloy in the electronic industry, the semiconductor field and fills the blank of 6 series aluminum alloy in the field.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, are generally performed under conventional conditions.
The general method comprises the following steps:
the preparation process of the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:
remelting aluminum ingots or aluminum alloy waste materials in a smelting furnace, transferring the aluminum ingots or the aluminum alloy waste materials to a refining furnace, and refining in the refining furnace. Various alloy elements (Mg, Si, Cu, Mn, Ti and optional Fe, Cr and Zn) are added, and exhaust and deslagging are carried out in the refining process. After the chemical components are adjusted to be qualified, the furnace platform is lifted to dump the aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid enters the degassing tank through the launder to be subjected to dehydrogenation treatment, and then enters the filter tank to be filtered so as to eliminate residual impurities and dregs in the aluminum liquid. And finally, feeding the aluminum liquid into a mold disc, solidifying and forming the aluminum liquid through a crystallizer in the mold disc, and gradually descending the dummy bar head and forming the length of the aluminum bar. During the casting process, ultrasonic flaw detection is also required to detect internal cracking, slag inclusion and other defects.
Wherein, the refining is repeated for three times, and the first repeated smelting temperature is 720-740 ℃; the temperature of the second and/or third repetition is 725-730 ℃.
Example 1 component proportioning experiments for different aluminium alloy material contents
In the experiment, parameters of magnesium, silicon, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, chromium and titanium are subjected to fractional fine adjustment, namely, the content of 1-2 elements is fixed each time, fine adjustment is performed on aluminum alloy materials of different batches according to the method of 10 +/-2% of the content of the elements, and table 1 shows an example of the aluminum alloy material of the invention containing different elements and different weight% in comparison 1 and 10 batches in the experiment.
TABLE 1
| Element(s) | Mg | Si | Cu | Mn | Ti | Fe | Cr | Zn |
| Control 1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.7 | 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Sample 1 | 1.08 | 0.564 | 0.288 | 0.0744 | 0.0293 | 0.285 | 0.174 | 0.0172 |
| Sample 2 | 1.06 | 0.614 | 0.271 | 0.0767 | 0.0271 | 0.277 | 0.175 | 0.0182 |
| Sample 3 | 1.01 | 0.635 | 0.285 | 0.0761 | 0.0335 | 0.286 | 0.171 | 0.0181 |
| Sample No. 4 | 1.05 | 0.641 | 0.283 | 0.0774 | 0.0311 | 0.279 | 0.168 | 0.0184 |
| Sample No. 5 | 1.03 | 0.591 | 0.272 | 0.076 | 0.0302 | 0.273 | 0.164 | 0.0179 |
| Sample No. 6 | 0.994 | 0.592 | 0.269 | 0.0757 | 0.0325 | 0.284 | 0.168 | 0.0198 |
| Sample 7 | 1.02 | 0.604 | 0.276 | 0.0751 | 0.0316 | 0 | 0.168 | 0.0193 |
| Sample 8 | 1.03 | 0.607 | 0.280 | 0.0749 | 0.030 | 0.287 | 0.169 | 0 |
| Sample 9 | 1.02 | 0.610 | 0.285 | 0.0759 | 0.0315 | 0.289 | 0 | 0.0195 |
| Sample 10 | 1.03 | 0.623 | 0.289 | 0.0754 | 0.0321 | 0.290 | 0.172 | 0.0199 |
Example 2 conductivity test
A digital portable metal conductivity tester is adopted, and the eddy current detection principle is mainly applied to equipment. First, the power is turned on and the machine is preheated. And then correcting and zeroing the instrument by using the high-value conductivity standard test block and the low-value conductivity standard test block. If the instrument level indicates zero, the calibration is complete. And (3) stably placing the probe at the flat part of the test piece, adjusting the reading knob to enable the level indication of the instrument to be zero, stably placing the probe again, and if the level indication is zero, displaying the conductivity reading of the instrument as the accurate conductivity value of the test piece.
TABLE 2
And (4) conclusion: as can be seen from Table 2, the elements in the aluminum alloy, except for a small amount of the elements in the form of simple substances, enter into the aluminum lattice or form various compounds. Since the addition of each alloying element, while possibly contributing to strength, reduces electrical conductivity, such as Mg, Cu, Si, Fe, and the like. Therefore, the test results are obtained by adjusting Mn, Cr, Zn, Fe elements and other components through repeated tests while keeping Mg (0.8-1.2%) and Si (0.4-10.7%), compared with the conductivity before the test, the conductivity is improved by 5-Ms/m, the detection value of most samples is between 20-22Ms/m and is improved by about 30% -40%, and the method can be used for subsequent continuous processing.
Example 3 ductility and tensile Strength measurements
Tensile test refers to a test method for measuring material properties under an axial tensile load. The data obtained from the tensile test can be used to determine the elastic limit, elongation, elastic modulus, proportional limit, area reduction, tensile strength, yield point, yield strength and other tensile property indexes of the material. After an aluminum bar of my department is processed into a tensile sample, the sample is stretched in a tensile testing machine, and the tensile strength, the non-proportional elongation strength and the elongation after fracture are measured. Tensile strength: 155N/mm2Non-proportional elongation strength: 67N/mm2Elongation after break: 25 percent.
Claims (13)
1. A preparation method for preparing an aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a raw material providing step: providing a liquid aluminum raw material;
mixing and refining: mixing the liquid aluminum raw material with certain contents of magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese, titanium, iron, chromium and zinc elements, refining,
a hydrogen removal and filtration step, wherein the refined aluminum liquid enters a degassing tank through a launder for hydrogen removal treatment and then enters a filter tank for filtration;
a crystallization step, wherein filtered aluminum liquid is fed into a mold disc, the aluminum liquid is solidified and molded through a crystallizer in the mold disc, so that an aluminum alloy material is obtained,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the final content of the magnesium, the silicon, the copper, the manganese and the titanium elements is calculated by the total weight of the aluminum alloy material, and the following requirements are met: content W of magnesiumMagnesium alloy0.994-1.08 wt%;
content W of siliconSilicon0.564-0.641 wt%;
copper content WCopper (Cu)0.269 to 0.289 wt%;
content W of manganeseManganese oxide0.0744-0.0774 wt%;
content W of titaniumTitanium (IV)0.0293-0.0335 wt%;
iron content WIron0 to 0.29 wt%;
content W of chromiumChromium (III)0 to 0.175 wt%;
content W of zincZinc0 to 0.0199 wt%;
wherein the obtained aluminum alloy material comprises the following components:
(a) the conductivity is not lower than 21 Ms/m;
(b) the elongation is not lower than 23%;
(c) the tensile strength is more than 120 MPa.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum feedstock is derived from an aluminum ingot and/or an aluminum alloy.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the aluminum ingot is an aluminum ingot having an aluminum purity of greater than 99.70%, 99.80%, 99.90%, or 99.99%.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6-series aluminum alloy.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum feedstock is a mixture of an aluminum ingot and an aluminum alloy.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the ratio of the aluminum ingot to the aluminum alloy is from 80 to 100 wt.% based on the weight of the mixture: 0 to 20 wt%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the refining conditions are as follows:
melting temperature: 720 ℃ and 740 ℃;
refining agent: aluminum liquid; and
protective gas: an inert gas.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing and refining step further comprises the sub-steps of:
sampling and measuring the obtained aluminum alloy material;
repeating the mixing and refining step and adjusting each element in the aluminum alloy material,
thereby obtaining the aluminum alloy material meeting the requirements of various elements.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the substep is repeated at least 2, 3, 4, or 5 times.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the substep is repeated at least 3 times, wherein the first repetition has a melting temperature of 720-; the temperature of the second and/or third repetition is 725-730 ℃.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing and refining step further comprises the substep of blending the mixture.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing and refining step further comprises a filtering sub-step.
13. The use of the aluminum alloy material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized by being used for preparing one or more of a semiconductor sputtering target material, an integrated circuit, an information storage unit, a liquid crystal display screen, a laser memory, an electronic control device, a wear-resistant coating material, a high-temperature corrosion-resistant coating material, a coating decoration article, an automobile connecting rod, a high-pressure gas cylinder and an automobile hub.
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