CN109777394B - Preparation method of self-suspending self-degrading proppant - Google Patents
Preparation method of self-suspending self-degrading proppant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir and gas reservoir fracturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a self-suspending self-degrading proppant, which adopts solvent water to prepare a sucrose solution; soaking and cleaning the proppant by using dilute acid liquor, and soaking the proppant in a sucrose solution; fishing out the propping agent from the sucrose solution, airing or baking to remove excessive water on the surface, and keeping the surface of the propping agent in a wet state; mixing the proppant with the polymer fine powder particles, the nano dispersant and the ammonium persulfate microcapsule according to a certain proportion, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a block; and (4) rolling, dispersing, sieving and bagging the blocks to obtain the self-suspending self-degrading proppant for later use. The proppant prepared by the method has the technical characteristics of the on-line preparation and injection process of the existing self-suspending proppant mine field; the injection preparation process steps and the related cost are further simplified, and the ammonium sulfate microcapsule of the gel breaker and the carrying fluid are mixed uniformly to a higher degree, the gel breaking speed is higher, and the viscosity reducing effect is better.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir and gas reservoir fracturing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a self-suspending self-degrading proppant.
Background art:
in recent years, as the development of old oil fields in the eastern China gradually enters a medium-high water content development stage, the situation of yield decrease is difficult to turn, the situation of oil and water stabilization and control is very severe, the development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs becomes a necessary choice, and the hydraulic fracturing technology is an important technical means for realizing the effective development of the low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs and the unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. The annual yield of compact oil reaches 2.59 multiplied by 10 in us 2015 year8t, accounting for 45% of the annual oil yield; unconventional gas yield 4500 × 108m3Accounting for 50% of the annual natural gas production. The proportion of low-permeability and ultra-low-permeability reservoirs in reserves is up to 75% by newly adding natural gas between 2000 and 2012 in China, and the oil and gas resources are effectively developed only by depending on a fracturing technology.
Hydraulic fracturing is the injection of a fracturing fluid into a well by a high pressure pump at a displacement that exceeds the absorption capacity of the formation, which causes the injection pressure to rise downhole. When the injection pressure exceeds the reservoir rock fracture pressure, the rock fractures and fractures extend in the reservoir. In the fracture extending process, the proppants are brought into the fracture through the sand carrying fluid, and the proppants can prevent the fracture from being closed after the fracturing construction is finished, so that an oil-gas channel with high permeability is formed, and the aims of reducing oil-gas seepage resistance and improving oil-gas yield are finally fulfilled. At present, the sand-carrying liquid required by the fracturing construction of a mine field is generally prepared at a preparation station and then transported to a construction site by a tank truck, the site and equipment lease and operation and transportation costs are huge, and the related cost of large-scale or huge fracturing construction is higher. The existing self-suspending proppant can realize the online preparation of a wellhead, so that not only can part of fields, equipment lease and operating cost be saved, but also the construction scale and technical parameters can be dynamically adjusted in real time according to the construction of a mine field. After fracturing construction is finished, in order to recover production as soon as possible, the carrying fluid needs to be discharged from cracks, but because the carrying fluid has high viscosity and poor fluidity, ammonium persulfate microcapsules are usually added into the carrying fluid in advance to achieve the purpose of delaying gel breaking.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a preparation method and a use method of a self-suspending self-degradation proppant, the proppant prepared by the method has the technical characteristics of the on-line preparation and injection process of the existing self-suspending proppant mine field; on the other hand, the ammonium persulfate microcapsules and the polymer particles are adhered to the surfaces of the proppant particles in advance, so that the injection preparation process steps and the related cost are further simplified, and the ammonium persulfate microcapsules as the gel breaker and the carrier fluid are mixed uniformly to a higher degree, the gel breaking speed is higher, and the viscosity reducing effect is better.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a self-suspending self-degrading proppant comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting solvent water (distilled water or tap water or oil field production sewage) to prepare a sucrose solution;
step two, soaking and cleaning the propping agent (ceramsite or quartz sand) with dilute acid liquor, and soaking the propping agent in a sucrose solution;
taking out the propping agent from the sucrose solution, airing or baking to remove redundant water on the surface, and keeping the surface of the propping agent in a wet state;
step four, proportionally mixing the proppant obtained in the step three with the polymer fine powder particles, the nano dispersant and the ammonium persulfate microcapsule, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a block;
and step five, rolling, dispersing, sieving and bagging the blocky objects to obtain the self-suspending self-degrading proppant for later use.
Further, the cane sugar used as the adhesive is one of rock sugar, white granulated sugar or soft white sugar, and the concentration of the cane sugar solution is 12% -50%.
Furthermore, the propping agent is quartz sand or ceramsite, and the particle size of the propping agent is 20-70 meshes.
Further, the polymer fine powder particles are one or a mixture of more than one of common polymers (partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide), hydrophobic association polymers, hyperbranched polymers, surface polymerization agents, functional polymers and multi-component copolymers, and the particle size of the fine powder particles is 50-150 microns; the mass ratio of the polymer fine powder particles to the propping agent is 1-15%.
Further, the dispersing agent is SiO2Nanoparticles or Al2O3Nanoparticles with a specific surface area of 80m2/g~400 m2The particle size is 14nm-75 nm; the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the propping agent is 0.02-2%.
Further, the particle size of the ammonium persulfate microcapsule is 150-500 microns; the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate microcapsules to the propping agent is 2.0-10.0%.
Further, the use method of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant prepared by the preparation method of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant comprises the steps that when the self-suspending self-degrading proppant is used in a mine, the mass ratio of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant to liquid is 10% -40%, the suspending time is 10-180 s, and the settling time is more than 4 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the proppant prepared by the method has the technical characteristics of the existing on-line preparation and injection process of the self-suspending proppant in mines; on the other hand, the ammonium persulfate microcapsules and the polymer particles are adhered to the surfaces of the proppant particles in advance, so that the injection preparation process steps and the related cost are further simplified, and the ammonium persulfate microcapsules as the gel breaker and the carrier fluid are mixed uniformly to a higher degree, the gel breaking speed is higher, and the viscosity reducing effect is better. The polymer fine powder product industrially produced in the market is used as the thickening agent, so that the cost of a self-made film-coating material (thickening agent) can be greatly reduced, the polymer type and the polymer attachment amount on the surface of the proppant particles which are suitable for the polymer type and the polymer attachment amount can be selected according to the parameters such as the solvent water mineralization degree, the oil reservoir temperature, the liquid-sand ratio and the like, and the oil reservoir adaptability of the self-suspending proppant fracturing construction technology is greatly improved. In addition, the suspension time required by the proppant is determined according to the fracturing construction scale, and the ammonium persulfate microcapsules of which the slow release time meets the suspension time requirement are attached to the surfaces of the proppant particles in advance, so that the technical requirement of integration of self-suspension and self-degradation processes in the fracturing construction of a mine site is met. The process design is reasonable, the use effect is good, the cost is low, the economic use is realized, and the large-scale popularization and use are easy.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example one
A preparation method of a self-suspending self-degrading proppant comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting solvent water (distilled water or tap water or oil field production sewage) to prepare a sucrose solution; the cane sugar used as the adhesive is one of rock sugar, white granulated sugar or soft white sugar, and the concentration of the cane sugar solution is 31 percent;
step two, soaking and cleaning the propping agent (ceramsite or quartz sand) with dilute acid liquor, and soaking the propping agent in a sucrose solution; the proppant is quartz sand or ceramsite, and the particle size of the proppant is 45 meshes;
taking out the propping agent from the sucrose solution, airing or baking to remove redundant water on the surface, and keeping the surface of the propping agent in a wet state;
step four, proportionally mixing the proppant obtained in the step three with the polymer fine powder particles, the nano dispersant and the ammonium persulfate microcapsule, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a block; the polymer fine powder particles are one or a mixture of more than one of common polymers (partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide), hydrophobic association polymers, hyperbranched polymers, surface polymerization agents, functional polymers and multi-component copolymers, and the particle size of the fine powder particles is 100 mu m; the mass ratio of the polymer fine powder particles to the proppant is 8%; the dispersant is SiO2Nanoparticles or Al2O3Nanoparticles with a specific surface area of 240 m2(ii)/g, particle size 45 nm; the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the propping agent is 1.01 percent; the particle size of the ammonium persulfate microcapsule is 325 mu m; the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate microcapsules to the propping agent is 6 percent.
And step five, rolling, dispersing, sieving and bagging the blocky objects to obtain the self-suspending self-degrading proppant for later use.
Example two
A preparation method of a self-suspending self-degrading proppant comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting solvent water (distilled water or tap water or oil field production sewage) to prepare a sucrose solution; the cane sugar used as the adhesive is one of rock sugar, white granulated sugar or soft white sugar, and the concentration of the cane sugar solution is 12 percent;
step two, soaking and cleaning the propping agent (ceramsite or quartz sand) with dilute acid liquor, and soaking the propping agent in a sucrose solution; the proppant is quartz sand or ceramsite, and the particle size of the proppant is 20 meshes;
taking out the propping agent from the sucrose solution, airing or baking to remove redundant water on the surface, and keeping the surface of the propping agent in a wet state;
step four, mixing the proppant obtained in the step three with the polymer fine powder particles, the nano dispersant and the persulfuric acidMixing the ammonium sulfate microcapsules in proportion, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a blocky substance; the polymer fine powder particles are one or a mixture of more than one of common polymers (partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide), hydrophobic association polymers, hyperbranched polymers, surface polymerization agents, functional polymers and multi-component copolymers, and the particle size of the fine powder particles is 50 mu m; the mass ratio of the polymer fine powder particles to the proppant is 1%; the dispersant is SiO2Nanoparticles or Al2O3Nanoparticles with a specific surface area of 80m2(ii)/g, particle size 14 nm; the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the propping agent is 0.02 percent; the particle size of the ammonium persulfate microcapsule is 150 mu m; the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate microcapsules to the propping agent is 2.0 percent.
And step five, rolling, dispersing, sieving and bagging the blocky objects to obtain the self-suspending self-degrading proppant for later use.
EXAMPLE III
A preparation method of a self-suspending self-degrading proppant comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting solvent water (distilled water or tap water or oil field production sewage) to prepare a sucrose solution; the cane sugar used as the adhesive is one of rock sugar, white granulated sugar or soft white sugar, and the concentration of the cane sugar solution is 50 percent;
step two, soaking and cleaning the propping agent (ceramsite or quartz sand) with dilute acid liquor, and soaking the propping agent in a sucrose solution; the proppant is quartz sand or ceramsite, and the particle size of the proppant is 70 meshes;
taking out the propping agent from the sucrose solution, airing or baking to remove redundant water on the surface, and keeping the surface of the propping agent in a wet state;
step four, proportionally mixing the proppant obtained in the step three with the polymer fine powder particles, the nano dispersant and the ammonium persulfate microcapsule, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a block; the polymer fine powder particles are one or a mixture of more than one of common polymers (partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide), hydrophobic association polymers, hyperbranched polymers, surface polymerization agents, functional polymers and multi-component copolymers, and the particle size of the fine powder particles is 150 mu m; of polymer fines particles with proppantThe mass ratio is 15 percent; the dispersant is SiO2Nanoparticles or Al2O3Nano particles, the specific surface area of the dispersant particles is 400 m2(ii)/g, particle size 75 nm; the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the propping agent is 2 percent; the particle size of the ammonium persulfate microcapsule is 500 mu m; the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate microcapsules to the propping agent is 10.0 percent.
And step five, rolling, dispersing, sieving and bagging the blocky objects to obtain the self-suspending self-degrading proppant for later use.
The preparation method of the self-suspending self-degradation proppant has the on-line preparation efficacy and technical characteristics of the existing self-suspending proppant on one hand, and can realize the purpose of automatically degrading the self-suspending proppant carrier fluid in the reservoir fractures on the other hand, thereby further improving the construction efficiency of the self-suspending proppant and reducing the operation cost. In the method, ceramsite or quartz sand is selected as a propping agent, polymer fine powder particles are selected as a carrying fluid thickening agent, and SiO2Nanoparticles or Al2O3The nano particles are polymer fine powder particle dispersing agents, the ammonium persulfate microcapsules are used as carrying fluid gel breakers, and the sucrose solution is used as a propping agent and a binder among the polymer fine powder particles and the ammonium persulfate microcapsules. The sucrose as the adhesive has good adhesion effect, simple and convenient operation and low material cost, and the sucrose has little influence on the viscosity increasing performance of the polymer. The proppant prepared by the method meets the technical requirement of integration of self-suspension and self-degradation processes in the fracturing construction of a mine site.
Example four
The use method of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant prepared by the preparation method of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant comprises the steps that when the self-suspending self-degrading proppant is used in a mine, the mass ratio of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant to liquid is 10% -40%, the suspending time is 10 s-180 s, and the settling time exceeds 4 h.
EXAMPLE five
The proppant is self-suspended self-degradable proppant made by laboratories, the proppant is ceramsite (20-70 meshes), the polymer is hydrophobic association polymer fine powder particles (50-150 mu m), and the dispersant is SiO2Nanoparticles (14 nm-75 nm), a gel breaker is ammonium persulfate microcapsules (150 μm-500 μm), and a binder is sucrose. The experimental instrument equipment comprises an electronic balance, a beaker, a HW-IIIA type thermostat, a glass rod, a Brookfield viscometer and the like.
The experimental water is Daqing oilfield clear water, and the water quality analysis is shown in Table 1.
The design scheme is as follows:
1. relationship between proppant type and gel breaking effect of carrier fluid
Proppant: "self-suspending proppant + breaker" and self-suspending self-degrading proppant;
solvent water: daqing oilfield clear water;
the ratio of sand to liquid is as follows: 10% and 20%;
concentration of the gel breaker: 0.3 percent;
and (3) testing temperature: 45 ℃;
testing parameters: gel breaking time and viscosity of gel breaking liquid.
2. Influence of gel breaker concentration on gel breaking effect of self-suspending self-degradation proppant carrier fluid
Proppant: self-suspending self-degrading proppant;
solvent: daqing oilfield clear water;
the ratio of sand to liquid is as follows: 10% and 20%;
concentration of the gel breaker: 0.3%, 0.5%, 1% and 2%;
and (3) testing temperature: 45 ℃;
testing parameters: gel breaking time and viscosity of gel breaking liquid.
And (4) analyzing results:
1. relationship between proppant type and gel breaking effect of carrier fluid
The experimental data of the relationship between the type of the proppant and the gel breaking effect of the carrier fluid are shown in table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, under the conditions that the concentration of the gel breaker is 0.3%, the sand-to-liquid ratio and the polymer adhesion amount are the same, compared with a self-suspending proppant and gel breaker system, the gel breaking speed of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant is higher, and the gel breaking time is shortened by about 0.5 h. In addition, the viscosity of the self-suspending self-degradation proppant gel breaking liquid is also lower. The analysis shows that the gel breaker ammonium persulfate microcapsule required by the self-suspending proppant is usually added in two ways, namely, the gel breaker ammonium persulfate microcapsule is mixed with the self-suspending proppant in advance, and the mixture is mixed with water; and secondly, mixing the self-suspending proppant with water and then with the ammonium persulfate microcapsule. No matter which mixing mode is adopted for adding the gel breaker required by the self-suspending proppant, the gel breaker is not as uniform in distribution in the carrier fluid as the self-suspending self-degradation proppant, so that the gel breaking time is longer and the gel breaking effect is poorer.
2. Influence of gel breaker concentration on gel breaking effect of self-suspending self-degradation proppant carrier fluid
The experimental results of the effect of the concentration of the ammonium persulfate microcapsule gel breaker on the gel breaking effect of the self-suspending self-degradation proppant carrier fluid are shown in Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, under the same condition of the "sand to fluid" ratio, along with the increase of the concentration of the gel breaker, the gel breaking time of the self-suspension self-degradation proppant carrier fluid is reduced, the viscosity of the gel breaker fluid is reduced, and the gel breaking effect is better; under the condition of the same concentration of the gel breaker, the gel breaking time is increased along with the increase of the sand-liquid ratio, the viscosity of the gel breaking liquid is increased, and the gel breaking effect is deteriorated.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a self-suspending self-degrading proppant is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a sucrose solution by using solvent water;
soaking and cleaning the proppant by using dilute acid liquor, and soaking the proppant in a sucrose solution;
taking out the propping agent from the sucrose solution, airing or baking to remove redundant water on the surface, and keeping the surface of the propping agent in a wet state;
step four, proportionally mixing the proppant obtained in the step three with the polymer fine powder particles, the nano dispersant and the ammonium persulfate microcapsule, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain a block;
step five, rolling, dispersing, sieving and bagging the blocks to obtain the self-suspending self-degrading proppant for later use;
the polymer fine powder particles are one or a mixture of more than one of hydrophobic association polymer, hyperbranched polymer, surface polymerization agent, functional polymer and multi-component copolymer;
the cane sugar used as the adhesive is one of rock sugar, white granulated sugar or soft white sugar, and the concentration of the cane sugar solution is 12-50%;
the proppant is quartz sand or ceramsite, and the particle size of the proppant is 20-70 meshes;
the particle size of the polymer fine powder particles is 50-150 mu m; the mass ratio of the polymer fine powder particles to the propping agent is 1-15 percent;
the dispersant is SiO2Nanoparticles or Al2O3Nanoparticles with a specific surface area of 80m2/g～400m2Per gram, the particle size is 14nm-75 nm; the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the propping agent is 0.02-2 percent;
the particle size of the ammonium persulfate microcapsule is 150-500 mu m; the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate microcapsules to the propping agent is 2.0-10.0%.
2. The use method of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant prepared by the preparation method of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that: when the self-suspending self-degrading proppant is used in a mine, the mass ratio of the self-suspending self-degrading proppant to liquid is 10-40%, the suspending time is 10-180 s, and the settling time is more than 4 h.
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