CN109772972B - Integrated composite incremental forming device and process for large shell branch pipe flange - Google Patents
Integrated composite incremental forming device and process for large shell branch pipe flange Download PDFInfo
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- CN109772972B CN109772972B CN201910159914.5A CN201910159914A CN109772972B CN 109772972 B CN109772972 B CN 109772972B CN 201910159914 A CN201910159914 A CN 201910159914A CN 109772972 B CN109772972 B CN 109772972B
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Abstract
A large-scale shell branch pipe flange integrated composite incremental forming device and a process thereof are disclosed, the device comprises a frame, a workbench and a symmetrical tool head system, the workbench is arranged on the frame, and the workbench is connected with the symmetrical tool head system; the process realizes the synchronous movement of a plurality of pairs of tool heads through a symmetrical tool head system, and realizes the integrated forming of the cylindrical part branch pipe flange; a stamping die and an auxiliary feeding mechanism are not required to be manufactured, so that the cost is saved; the clamping process is simpler, the forming efficiency can be effectively improved by the multipoint symmetrical structure, the stress of the cylindrical part is more balanced in the forming process, and the forming quality is high; meanwhile, the forming efficiency is effectively improved through a plurality of pairs of tool heads.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic forming, and particularly relates to an integrated composite incremental forming device and process for a branch pipe flange of a large-sized shell.
Background
Gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear (GIS) plays an extremely important role in today's domestic and foreign power systems. The GIS shell uses sulfur hexafluoride as an insulating and arc extinguishing medium, the high-voltage electrified part of the GIS shell is sealed in the metal shell, and a branch pipe flange for connecting required pipelines is reserved on the side wall of the GIS shell. For the GIS shell, the requirement on the sealing performance is high, welding seams are avoided as much as possible in the process of manufacturing the shell, and if the saddle-shaped opening is adopted for welding the flange, burrs are formed at sharp corners, the welding seams and the like, so that electric field concentration is caused, partial discharge occurs, and the use performance of the switch is reduced.
At present, the GIS shell branch pipe is generally formed by a flanging process. The method has the advantages that the straight edge quality is low, cracks are easily generated at the flange edge of the hole, the flange is not always pasted with a film, a later manual die repair is needed, for the branch pipes with different sizes, a corresponding stamping die needs to be manufactured, the cost is high, the period is long, the size of the stamping die is large, a corresponding auxiliary feeding mechanism is needed, the clamping process is complicated, and the control difficulty is high. Chinese patent (application No. CN201810130058.6) has proposed a gradual flexible flanging device of heavy-calibre thick wall barrel and technology, and this kind of structure and technology can realize the flexible shaping of branch pipe, but the branch pipe that takes shape still need weld the flange on the branch pipe, forms the welding seam, only has a tool bit motion in the shaping process, and shaping efficiency is low, and single tool bit can make the barrel atress uneven moreover, influences the shaping quality. Chinese patent (application No. CN201810130059.0) proposes a positive and negative composite progressively-formed liner ring integral flange device and process, which aims at flanging and flaring forming of a flat plate, the stress characteristics of a cylindrical part are completely different from those of the plate, the liner ring and a heat exchanger pressing plate are integrated after being formed in the patent, the structure of a lower backing plate is only suitable for forming the flat plate, the flaring end part of a tool head is hemispherical, the radius of the flaring end part is the same as that of a cylindrical part, and the cylindrical part is easy to contact with a material in the cylindrical part forming process, so the device and the process can not be applied to integrated forming of a cylindrical part branch pipe flange, and only one tool head is used in the forming process, the forming efficiency is low, and the stress is uneven.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an integrated composite incremental forming device and process for a large-scale shell branch pipe flange, which realize integrated flexible forming of the large-scale shell branch pipe flange, have simpler clamping process, improve forming efficiency and have high forming quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a large-scale shell branch pipe flange integrated composite incremental forming device comprises a rack, a workbench and a symmetrical tool head system, wherein the workbench is arranged on the rack, and the workbench is connected with the symmetrical tool head system;
the machine frame comprises a lower base 5, an upper base 3 is supported on the lower base 5 through an upright post 4, a female die 2 is arranged on the upper base 3, a barrel 1 is supported on the female die 2, and an elliptical hole formed in the barrel 1 is matched with the female die 2;
a workbench is arranged between the upper base 3 and the lower base 5 and comprises a Z-axis moving platform 6 connected onto four guide posts 8, two ends of the four guide posts 8 are fixed on the lower base 5 and the upper base 3, the left side and the right side of the Z-axis moving platform 6 are connected with a first lead screw 7 and a second lead screw 9 in a matching way, the first lead screw 7 and the second lead screw 9 are fixed on the lower base 5 and the upper base 3, a first gear 25 is arranged at the lower end of the first lead screw 7, and the first gear 25 is connected with a synchronizing wheel 27 arranged on a fifth motor 28 through a first synchronizing belt 26; a second gear 30 is mounted at the lower end of the second lead screw 9, the second gear 30 is connected with a synchronous wheel 27 through a second synchronous belt 29, and a fifth motor 28 is fixed on the lower base 5; a first motor 10 is installed on the Z-axis moving platform 6, an output shaft of the first motor 10 is connected with a rotary table 11, and a symmetrical tool head system is installed on the rotary table 11.
The symmetrical tool head system comprises a guide rail 13, the guide rail 13 is installed on a rotary table 11, a second motor 12 is installed at one end of the guide rail 13, an output shaft of the second motor 12 is connected with one end of a third screw rod 14, the center of the third screw rod 14 is overlapped with the rotation center of the rotary table 11, the thread turning directions of two sides of the third screw rod 14 are opposite, and a first base 15 and a second base 21 which are symmetrical in position are assembled at two sides of the third screw rod 14; a third motor 16 is arranged on the first base 15, an output shaft of the third motor 16 is connected with an input end of a first driving mechanism 17, and an output end of the first driving mechanism 17 is connected with a first tool head 19 through a first coupler 18; a fourth motor 21 is installed on the second base 20, an output shaft of the fourth motor 21 is connected with an input end of a second driving mechanism 22, and an output end of the second driving mechanism 22 is connected with a second tool head 24 through a second coupler 23.
The lower end of the first tool head 19 is a clamping end 19a, and the clamping end 19a is connected to the first coupler 23; the middle part of the first tool head 19 is provided with a flanging part 19b, and the flanging part 19b comprises a conical profile and a cylindrical profile; the upper end of the first tool head 19 is a flared part 19c, the flared part 19c comprises a cylindrical part and an end ball head part, and the diameter of the end ball head part is larger than that of the cylindrical part; the second tool head 24 is of the same construction as the first tool head 19.
The symmetrical tool head system is provided with 1-4 pairs of tool heads according to requirements, guide rails of each pair of tool heads are distributed in a staggered mode in the vertical direction, and all the tool heads are symmetrically distributed in the circumferential direction around the axis of the rotary table 11 and are all located on the same horizontal plane.
The process of the large-scale shell branch pipe flange integrated composite incremental forming device comprises the following steps:
1) supporting a cylindrical part 1 with an elliptical hole on a female die 2 consisting of a first half female die 2a and a second half female die 2b, wherein the elliptical hole of the cylindrical part 1, the female die 2 and the axis of a rotary table 11 are overlapped;
2) moving all the tool heads to enable the conical surfaces of the flanging parts of the tool heads to be contacted with the outer edges of the flanging parts of the cylindrical piece 1;
3) all tool heads move along a planned path to enable the part of the cylindrical part 1 needing flanging to be turned up downwards;
4) moving all the tool heads to enable the cylindrical profile of the flanging part of the tool heads to be in contact with the part turned up downwards of the cylindrical part 1, and enabling all the tool heads to move along the planned path to enable the part turned up downwards of the cylindrical part 1 to be 90 degrees;
5) repeating the steps 3) and 4) to perform multi-pass flanging until the flanging required part of the cylindrical part 1 is changed to 90 degrees;
6) after the flanging process is finished, moving all the tool heads to enable the spherical molded surface of the flared part of the tool heads to be in contact with the flanging part of the cylindrical part 1;
7) all tool heads move along a planned path, gradually expand the part of the cylindrical part 1 which is flanged for 90 degrees, and finally expand the part of the cylindrical part 1 which needs to be expanded into the part which is flanged for 90 degrees to form an integral flange;
9) all tool heads are withdrawn;
10) and (3) taking the first half female die 2a and the second half female die 2b off the cylindrical part 1 to realize the integrated forming of the branch pipe flange of the cylindrical part 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the symmetrical tool head system realizes synchronous movement of a plurality of pairs of tool heads, realizes integrated forming of the cylindrical part branch pipe flange, has high forming process flexibility, is suitable for integrated forming of thick-wall cylindrical part branch pipe flanges with different sizes, and has good universality; a stamping die and an auxiliary feeding mechanism are not required to be manufactured, so that the cost is saved; the clamping process is simpler, the forming efficiency can be effectively improved by the multipoint symmetrical structure, the stress of the cylindrical part is more balanced in the forming process, and the forming quality is high; meanwhile, the forming efficiency is effectively improved through a plurality of pairs of tool heads.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the apparatus of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a workbench according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a table according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a Z-axis moving stage according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of 2 pairs of tool heads according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a half-cavity mold constituting a cavity mold according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a tool head according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the flanging process in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the flange forming process according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the molded cylinder of examples 1 and 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1 this example uses 1 pair of tool head forming.
A large-scale shell branch pipe flange integrated composite incremental forming device comprises a rack, a workbench and a symmetrical tool head system, wherein the workbench is arranged on the rack, and the workbench is connected with the symmetrical tool head system;
referring to fig. 1, 2 and 7, the frame comprises a lower base 5, an upper base 3 is supported on the lower base 5 through an upright post 4, a female die 2 is arranged on the upper base 3, a cylinder 1 is supported on the female die 2, and an elliptical hole formed in the cylinder 1 is matched with the female die 2;
referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, a workbench is installed between the upper base 3 and the lower base 5, the workbench comprises a Z-axis moving platform 6 connected to four guide posts 8, two ends of the four guide posts 8 are fixed on the lower base 5 and the upper base 3, and the Z-axis moving platform 6 can move up and down along the guide posts 8; the left side and the right side of the Z-axis moving platform 6 are connected with a first lead screw 7 and a second lead screw 9 in a matching way, the first lead screw 7 and the second lead screw 9 are fixed on the lower base 5 and the upper base 3, the lower end of the first lead screw 7 is provided with a first gear 25, and the first gear 25 is connected with a synchronizing wheel 27 arranged on a fifth motor 28 through a first synchronizing belt 26; a second gear 30 is mounted at the lower end of the second lead screw 9, the second gear 30 is connected with a synchronizing wheel 27 through a second synchronous belt 29, a fifth motor 28 is fixed on the lower base 5, the fifth motor 28 drives the synchronizing wheel 27 to rotate, the synchronizing wheel 27 drives a first gear 25 and the second gear 30 to rotate through a first synchronous belt 26 and a second synchronous belt 29, and then the first lead screw 7 and the second lead screw 9 are respectively driven to rotate through the first gear 25 and the second gear 30, so that the Z-axis moving platform 6 can move up and down along the four guide posts 8; a first motor 10 is installed on the Z-axis moving platform 6, an output shaft of the first motor 10 is connected with a rotary table 11, the rotary table 11 is driven by the first motor 10 to rotate, and a symmetrical tool head system is installed on the rotary table 11.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the symmetrical tool head system includes a guide rail 13, the guide rail 13 is mounted on a rotary table 11, a second motor 12 is mounted at one end of the guide rail 13, an output shaft of the second motor 12 is connected with one end of a third lead screw 14, the center of the third lead screw 14 coincides with the rotation center of the rotary table 11, the thread turning directions of two sides of the third lead screw 14 are opposite, a first base 15 and a second base 21 which are symmetrical in position are assembled at two sides of the third lead screw 14, the second motor 12 drives the third lead screw 14 to rotate, so that the first base 15 and the second base 21 are driven to synchronously move along opposite directions, and the moving speeds and distances of the first base 15 and the second base 21 are the same; a third motor 16 is arranged on the first base 15, an output shaft of the third motor 16 is connected with an input end of a first driving mechanism 17, an output end of the first driving mechanism 17 is connected with a first tool head 19 through a first coupler 18, and the third motor 16 realizes the rotary motion of the first tool head 19 through the first driving mechanism 17 and the first coupler 18; the second base 20 is provided with a fourth motor 21, an output shaft of the fourth motor 21 is connected with an input end of a second driving mechanism 22, an output end of the second driving mechanism 22 is connected with a second tool head 24 through a second coupler 23, and the fourth motor 21 realizes the rotary motion of the second tool head 24 through the second driving mechanism 22 and the second coupler 23.
Referring to fig. 8, the lower end of the first tool bit 19 is a clamping end 19a, and the clamping end 19a is connected to the first coupling 23; the middle part of the first tool head 19 is provided with a flanging part 19b, and the flanging part 19b comprises a conical profile and a cylindrical profile; the upper end of the first tool head 19 is a flaring portion 19c, the flaring portion 19c comprises a cylindrical portion and an end ball head portion, the diameter of the end ball head portion is larger than that of the cylindrical portion, the ball head portion is guaranteed to be in contact with a material in the flaring process, and the round column portion is prevented from being in contact with the material in the flaring process; the first tool head 19 is driven by the third motor 16 to rotate around the axis of the first tool head; the second tool head 24 is of the same construction as the first tool head 19.
The motion principle of the embodiment is as follows: the fifth motor 28 drives the synchronizing wheel 27 to rotate, the synchronizing wheel 27 drives the first gear 25 and the second gear 30 to rotate through the first synchronizing belt 26 and the second synchronizing belt 29, and then the first gear 25 and the second gear 30 respectively drive the first lead screw 7 and the second lead screw 9 to rotate, so that the Z-axis moving platform 6 moves up and down along the four guide posts 8, and the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 synchronously move along the vertical direction; the first motor 10 drives the rotary table 11 to rotate, so that the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 can synchronously rotate around the axis of the rotary table 11; the second motor 12 drives the third lead screw 14 to rotate, so that the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 synchronously and linearly move along opposite directions; the third motor 16 drives the first tool head 19 to perform a rotational movement around its own axis, and the fourth motor 21 drives the second tool head 24 to perform a rotational movement around its own axis.
A large-scale shell branch pipe flange integrated composite incremental forming process adopts 1 pair of tool heads, and comprises the following steps:
1) referring to fig. 1 and 2, a cylindrical part 1 with an elliptical hole is supported on a female die 2 consisting of a first half female die 2a and a second half female die 2b, and the axes of the elliptical hole of the cylindrical part 1, the female die 2 and a rotary table 11 are overlapped;
2) referring to fig. 9a, the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 are moved to make the tapered surface of the flanging part of the tool heads contact with the outer edge of the part of the cylindrical member 1 to be flanged;
3) referring to fig. 9b, the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 move along the planned path, so that the part of the cylindrical member 1 to be flanged is turned up;
4) referring to fig. 9c, the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 are moved to make the cylindrical profile of the flanging part of the tool head contact with the downward-turned part of the cylindrical member 1, and the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 move along the planned path to make the downward-turned part of the cylindrical member 1 become 90 °;
5) repeating the steps 3) and 4) to perform multi-pass flanging until the flanging-required parts of the cylindrical part 1 are all changed to 90 degrees, as shown in fig. 9 d;
6) referring to fig. 10a, after the flanging process is completed, the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 are moved to make the spherical surface of the flared part of the tool heads contact with the flanging part of the cylindrical member 1;
7) referring to fig. 10b and 10c, the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 move along the planned path, gradually expand the portion of the cylindrical member 1 which is flanged for 90 degrees, and finally expand the portion of the cylindrical member 1 which needs to be expanded to form an integral flange with the flanging portion for 90 degrees;
9) the first tool head 19 and the second tool head 24 are withdrawn;
10) and (3) removing the first half female die 2a and the second half female die 2b from the cylindrical part 1 to integrally form the branch pipe flange of the cylindrical part 1, as shown in fig. 11.
Embodiment 2, referring to fig. 6, the symmetrical tool head system of this embodiment adopts 2 pairs of tool heads for forming, the guide rails of the 2 pairs of tool heads are distributed in a staggered way in the vertical direction, all the tool heads are distributed symmetrically around the axis of the rotary table 11 and are all positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the other structures are the same as those of embodiment 1.
A large-scale shell branch pipe flange integrated composite incremental forming process adopts 2 pairs of tool heads, and comprises the following steps:
1) referring to fig. 1 and 2, a cylindrical part 1 with an elliptical hole is supported on a female die 2 consisting of a first half female die 2a and a second half female die 2b, and the axis of a prefabricated hole of the cylindrical part 1, the female die 2 and a rotary table 11 are overlapped;
2) referring to fig. 9a, all the tool heads are moved to make the tapered surface of the flanging part of the tool heads contact with the outer edge of the part of the cylindrical member 1 to be flanged;
3) referring to fig. 9b, all tool heads move along the planned path, so that the required flanging part of the cylindrical part 1 is turned up downwards;
4) referring to fig. 9c, all the tool heads are moved to make the cylindrical profile of the flanging part of the tool head contact with the downward-turned part of the cylindrical member 1, and all the tool heads move along the planned path to make the downward-turned part of the cylindrical member 1 become 90 degrees;
5) repeating the steps 3) and 4) to perform multi-pass flanging until the flanging-required parts of the cylindrical part 1 are all changed to 90 degrees, as shown in fig. 9 d;
6) referring to fig. 10a, after the flanging process is completed, all the tool heads are moved to make the flaring part spherical surface of the tool heads contact with the flanging part of the cylindrical member 1;
7) referring to fig. 10b and 10c, all tool heads move along a planned path, gradually flanging the 90-degree part of the cylindrical part 1 to expand, and finally expanding the part of the cylindrical part 1 to be flared to form a 90-degree part with the flanging part to form an integral flange;
9)2, withdrawing the tool head;
10) and (3) removing the first half female die 2a and the second half female die 2b from the cylindrical part 1 to integrally form the branch pipe flange of the cylindrical part 1, as shown in fig. 11.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a compound shaper that advances gradually of large-scale casing branch pipe flange integration, includes frame, workstation and symmetry instrument head system, its characterized in that: the workbench is arranged on the frame, and a symmetrical tool head system is connected to the workbench;
the machine frame comprises a lower base (5), an upper base (3) is supported on the lower base (5) through an upright post (4), a female die (2) is arranged on the upper base (3), a cylindrical part (1) is supported on the female die (2), and an elliptical hole formed in the cylindrical part (1) is matched with the female die (2);
a workbench is arranged between the upper base (3) and the lower base (5) and comprises a Z-axis moving platform (6) connected onto four guide posts (8), two ends of the four guide posts (8) are fixed on the lower base (5) and the upper base (3), the left side and the right side of the Z-axis moving platform (6) are connected with a first lead screw (7) and a second lead screw (9) in a matched manner, the first lead screw (7) and the second lead screw (9) are fixed on the lower base (5) and the upper base (3), a first gear (25) is arranged at the lower end of the first lead screw (7), and the first gear (25) is connected with a synchronous wheel (27) arranged on a fifth motor (28) through a first synchronous belt (26); a second gear (30) is installed at the lower end of the second lead screw (9), the second gear (30) is connected with a synchronous wheel (27) through a second synchronous belt (29), and a fifth motor (28) is fixed on the lower base (5); a first motor (10) is installed on the Z-axis moving platform (6), an output shaft of the first motor (10) is connected with a rotary table (11), and a symmetrical tool head system is installed on the rotary table (11);
the symmetrical tool head system comprises a guide rail (13), the guide rail (13) is installed on a rotary table (11), a second motor (12) is installed at one end of the guide rail (13), an output shaft of the second motor (12) is connected with one end of a third lead screw (14), the center of the third lead screw (14) is overlapped with the rotation center of the rotary table (11), the rotation directions of threads on two sides of the third lead screw (14) are opposite, and a first base (15) and a second base (21) which are symmetrical in position are assembled on two sides of the third lead screw (14); a third motor (16) is arranged on the first base (15), an output shaft of the third motor (16) is connected with an input end of a first driving mechanism (17), and an output end of the first driving mechanism (17) is connected with a first tool head (19) through a first coupler (18); a fourth motor (21) is installed on the second base (20), an output shaft of the fourth motor (21) is connected with an input end of a second driving mechanism (22), and an output end of the second driving mechanism (22) is connected with a second tool head (24) through a second coupler (23).
2. The large shell branch pipe and flange integrated composite incremental forming device of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the first tool head (19) is a clamping end (19a), and the clamping end (19a) is connected to the first coupler (23); the middle part of the first tool head (19) is provided with a flanging part (19b), and the flanging part (19b) comprises a conical profile and a cylindrical profile; the upper end of the first tool head (19) is a flared part (19c), the flared part (19c) comprises a cylindrical part and an end ball head part, and the diameter of the end ball head part is larger than that of the cylindrical part; the second tool head (24) is identical in construction to the first tool head (19).
3. The large shell branch pipe and flange integrated composite incremental forming device of claim 1, wherein: the symmetrical tool head system is provided with 1-4 pairs of tool heads according to requirements, guide rails of each pair of tool heads are distributed in a staggered mode in the vertical direction, and all the tool heads are symmetrically distributed in the circumferential direction around the axis of the rotary table (11) and are all located on the same horizontal plane.
4. The process of the large shell branch pipe flange integrated composite incremental forming device according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) supporting a cylindrical part (1) provided with an elliptical hole on a female die (2) consisting of a first half female die (2a) and a second half female die (2b), wherein the axes of the elliptical hole of the cylindrical part (1), the female die (2) and a rotary table (11) are superposed;
2) moving all the tool heads to enable the conical surface of the flanging part of the tool heads to be contacted with the outer edge of the part of the cylindrical piece (1) needing flanging;
3) all tool heads move along a planned path, so that the part of the cylindrical part (1) needing flanging is turned up downwards;
4) moving all the tool heads to enable the flanging part of the tool heads to be in contact with the downward-turned part of the cylindrical part (1), and enabling all the tool heads to move along a planned path to enable the downward-turned part of the cylindrical part (1) to be 90 degrees;
5) repeating the steps 3) and 4) to perform multi-pass flanging until the flanging required part of the cylindrical part (1) is changed to 90 degrees;
6) after the flanging process is finished, all the tool heads are moved, so that the spherical molded surface of the flared part of the tool heads is contacted with the flanging part of the cylindrical part (1);
7) all tool heads move along a planned path, gradually expand the part of the cylindrical part (1) which is flanged for 90 degrees, and finally expand the part of the cylindrical part (1) which needs to be expanded into the part which is flanged for 90 degrees to form an integral flange;
9) all tool heads are withdrawn;
10) and (3) taking the first half female die (2a) and the second half female die (2b) down from the cylindrical part (1) to realize the integrated forming of the branch pipe flange of the cylindrical part (1).
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| CN201910159914.5A CN109772972B (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2019-03-04 | Integrated composite incremental forming device and process for large shell branch pipe flange |
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| CN201910159914.5A CN109772972B (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2019-03-04 | Integrated composite incremental forming device and process for large shell branch pipe flange |
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| CN109772972B true CN109772972B (en) | 2020-02-14 |
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