CN1097722A - Quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement - Google Patents

Quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement Download PDF

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CN1097722A
CN1097722A CN93108773A CN93108773A CN1097722A CN 1097722 A CN1097722 A CN 1097722A CN 93108773 A CN93108773 A CN 93108773A CN 93108773 A CN93108773 A CN 93108773A CN 1097722 A CN1097722 A CN 1097722A
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cement
slag
gypsum
wingdale
days
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CN1043338C (en
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易甡贤
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/14Cements containing slag
    • C04B7/147Metallurgical slag
    • C04B7/153Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
    • C04B7/21Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium sulfate containing activators
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00439Physico-chemical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00448Low heat cements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement mainly is made up of slag, gypsum, Wingdale, the ratio of each component is slag: gypsum: Wingdale: 50-85%: 7-30%: 5-30%.This cement-slag is as hydraulic material, and gypsum, Wingdale etc. are as the exciting agent of activated slag lateral reactivity.Slag after the oven dry and broken gypsum, Wingdale are gone into the abrasive dust mill in proportion, and fineness is specific surface area 〉=4500cm 2/ g.The present invention has the early strength height, and strength of cement surpasses the state quality standard of 625R ordinary portland cement.This cement is exempted calcining process and equipment, and its cost can reduce by 50%, the investment of founding the factory is little.

Description

Quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement
The present invention relates to a kind of nothing (lacking) cement clinker, is a kind of quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement specifically.
Existing cement generally is divided into based on the cement of grog and nothing (lacking) the cement clinker two big classes of not mixing or mixing less grog, top-quality in the cement clinker is silicate cement, secondly be ordinary Portland cement, silicate cement is a calcium carbonate, clay matter and other auxiliary material (as irony) be mixed in proportion wear into raw material and high temperature burn to partial melting be the grog of main component with the silicate minerals, add that proper amount of gypsum is levigate to form.Add an amount of gypsum again and mix the levigate ordinary portland cement that can be made into by a certain percentage as mix an amount of mixing material in grog, how many quality quality of cement clinker is directly proportional with the incorporation of grog.Need calcine owing to produce grog, so its cost height, facility investment is big, and power consumption is high, and environmental pollution is serious, in addition, need make raw material with clay based on the cement of grog.Need to consume a large amount of land resourcess.
Gypsum slag cement (having another name called slag sulphate cement) belongs to does not have a kind of of (lacking) cement clinker, its quality is best in not having (lacking) cement clinker, it with the slag be main add proper amount of gypsum and small amounts of silicate cement clinker or lime together grinding form, the incorporation of producing this its grog of cement is less, production technique is fairly simple, reduced production cost, the less investment of founding the factory.Defectives such as but because of existing intensity low, especially early strength is low, time of coagulation difference and be difficult to overcome cause the second-rate of gypsum slag cement, and domestic do not had manufacturer production.In recent years, Chinese patent discloses some various types of nothings (lacking) cement clinkers, they all adopt new raw material or new admixture (coagulating agent etc. such as new activity excitant, hardening accelerator, slow (speed)), owing to all do not do deep test comprehensively with these new material production cement, especially still owe reliable basis to the secular quality of cement (mainly being weather resistance), so the user dare not use, the cement mill also is difficult for adopting.
Chinese patent CN 1064855A discloses name and has been called " clinker-free cement and manufacture method thereof ", and it reacts the activity that excites in the industrial waste by chemical activator.Produce the same problem that is difficult to promote the use of that exists of this cement, and main be because the early strength of this cement is still lower, bleeding is relatively poor, little with the cohesive force of reinforcing bar, so its quality still can not reach the desired state quality standard of ordinary Portland cement, more Steel Concrete can not be used as, masonry cement can only be used as.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective that above-mentioned prior art exists, provide that a kind of production cost is low, technology is simple, less investment, intensity height, particularly early strength is higher, and its quality has reached the quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement of 625R ordinary Portland cement state quality standard.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of any new material that need not increase, and still adopts the existing raw material of producing Portland cement, the quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement of being convenient to promote.
Quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement provided by the present invention is to be that the master mixes a certain amount of gypsum and Wingdale with the slag, and their proportioning is (weight percent):
Slag: 50-85%
Gypsum: 7-30%
Wingdale: 5-30%
Produce the production unit that this cement can utilize common production ordinary Portland cement, but save the calcination process and the equipment of grog.The present invention at first passes through drying machine drying with slag, and gypsum, the slag of Wingdale after broken and oven dry are gone into the tuber grinder grinding, fineness requirement specific surface area 〉=4500cm in proportion 2/ g packs after becoming qualified finished product.
Cement quality provided by the present invention can substantially exceed the highest level ministerial standard of gypsum slag cement, so and the key that reaches 625R ordinary Portland cement state quality standard is being mixed Wingdale as active mixed material, played the effect of activated slag lateral reactivity, improved strength of cement, reduce simultaneously cement cost greatly, improve the cement grindability, and the specific surface area 〉=4500cm of cement fineness 2/ g.But cement industry thinks that always Wingdale is to mix as nonactive blended material in portland-type cement for a long time, and it plays the micro-aggregate effect in cement, and not with other mineral generation chemical reaction, therefore when its incorporation was excessive, the label of cement reduced.Do not mix Wingdale in the gypsum slag cement standard laid down by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government,,, can make the label of cement and quality fall lowlyer if it is mixed in the lower gypsum slag cement of label again because of it is non-active mixed material.
The present invention finds after Wingdale mixes in the slag as active mixed material chemical reaction to have taken place in experiment, and it has excited scoriaceous lateral reactivity with gypsum as exciting agent.Learn from a hundreds of experimental data: when cement fineness is 〉=45cm 2/ g, the Wingdale incorporation is in the scope below 30%, the big more strength of cement of incorporation is high more, and 3 days intensity is higher, especially it is 23% o'clock at the Wingdale incorporation, intensity had surpassed 725R silicate cement GB in 3 days, and the quality of this cement has surpassed the state quality standard of 625R silicate cement.
Following table 1, table 2, table 3, in provided each component concentration scope more detailed description.Given ratio range is approximation, and it depends on the quality of selected each component raw material and changes.
Table 1 slag content and strength relationship
The side's of allocating intensity (unit: MPa) reach common
Slag: gypsum: 3 days 7 days 28 days cement labels of Wingdale
Number unit: % pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent grade
C1 50:20:30 9.8 2.13 30.4 4.7 46.4 5.4 275
C2 55:15:30 12.2 2.5 30.2 4.6 46.4 5.8 325
C4 62:15:23 42 7.1 52.7 7.8 65.3 8.3 625R
C6 64:15:21 35 5.7 51.4 7.4 -- -- --
C7 66:15:19 35.8 5.7 48.7 6.7 63.8 7.4 625
C9 68:15:17 24 4.4 40.7 5.7 59.4 6.7 425R
C12 70:15:15 20.5 3.9 38.8 5.9 57.8 6.5 425
C14 72:15:13 19 3.5 38.2 5.7 57.6 425
C17 85:15:0 16.7 3.1 39.4 6 59.7 7.2 325
Slag is a shrend blast furnace scum among the present invention, also can adopt the shrend electric furnace slag.Scoriaceous content is 50-85%, its preferable range is 60-66%, from the table also as can be known: the best proportioning of each component of the present invention is: slag: gypsum: Wingdale=62: 15: 23, reached the state quality standard of 625R ordinary Portland cement intensity with the strength of cement of this prescription production, especially 3 days intensity of this cement has surpassed the requirement of 725R ordinary Portland cement GB, when scoriaceous content is 50%, its intensity is lower, especially early strength is lower, but it still reaches the GB of No. 275 silicate cement intensity, the slag of hydraulic material in the cement is described, the be excited size of degree of its content and lateral reactivity thereof influences the height of strength of cement, the too low or too high strength of cement that all can make of slag content reduces, (because slag content is too high, gypsum as the slag activity excitant, total contents such as Wingdale very little, the degree that slag is excited is too low).
Table 2: the relation of gypsum content and strength of cement
The side's of allocating intensity (units MPa) arrives common
Slag: plaster stone: 3 days 7 days 28 days cement labels of Wingdale
Number unit: the grade of % pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent
C3 58:28:14 11 2.5 26.4 4.2 45.8 4.4 275
C5 63.2:21:15.8 13.4 2.8 32 4.8 50.2 5.2 275
C8 66.4:17:16.6 13.2 2.8 32.3 5 50.8 5.6 325
C9 68:15:17 24 4.4 40.7 5.7 59.4 6.7 525
C10 69:19:12 15.5 2.7 36.6 5.5 56.8 5.6 325
C11 69.6:13:17.4 11.2 2.4 32.3 5.2 53.3 6.4 275
C13 71.2:11:17.8 9.6 2 25.2 4.7 45.8 6.2 275
C15 74:8:18 8.2 1.7 19.7 4.2 39.4 6 275
Gypsum preferably adopts natural two aquatic gypsum, also available 750 ℃ of-900 ℃ of bassanite or industry by-product gypsums.The content of gypsum is 7-30%, and preferential scope is 15-19%.Gypsum is the slag activity excitant, and mixing of it excited scoriaceous lateral reactivity, improved strength of cement, if volume very little, even still in moderate scope, intensity is still influenced for scoriaceous content, cement mark can only reach the state quality standard of No. 275 ordinary Portland cement intensity.
Table 3: the relation of limestone content and strength of cement
The side's of allocating intensity (units MPa) arrives common
3 days 7 days 28 days cement labels of slag plaster stone Wingdale
Number unit: % pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent grade
C2 55:15:30 12.2 2.5 30.2 4.6 46.4 5.8 325
C4 62:15:23 42 7.1 52.7 7.8 65.3 8.3 625R
C6 64:15:21 35 5.7 51.4 7.4
C7 66:15:19 35.8 5.7 48.7 6.7 63.8 7.4 625
C9 68:15:17 24 4.4 40.7 5.7 59.4 6.7 425R
C14 72:15:13 19 3.5 38.2 5.7 57.6 425
C16 77:15:8 16.9 3.2 37.2 6.2 57 6.1 325
C17 85:15:0 16.7 3.1 39.4 6 59.7 7.2 325
The content range of Wingdale is 5-30%, and preferable range is 19-25%.The Wingdale volume is below 30%, and the big more cement intensity of its volume is high more.When the Wingdale volume reaches 30%, strength of cement descend in addition than not mixing the also many of Wingdale, particularly 3 days intensity is lower, and this is owing to all scoriaceous lateral reactivity is excited as the Wingdale of exciting agent, because of scoriaceous content very little Wingdale do not have slag again and can be excited.
A certain amount of Portland clinker is added in this cement as exciting agent, can improve cement intensity, following table has provided and has added the influence of the grog of different amounts to strength of cement:
Table 4: the relation of grog volume and strength of cement
The side of allocating (%) intensity (MPa) arrives common
Slag: plaster stone: 3 days 7 days 28 days cement labels of Wingdale
Number: grog pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent grade
C18 64:17:19:10 40.9 6.4 52.1 7.3 66.1 7.9 625R
C19 64:17:19:7 43.3 6.8 54.3 7.3 69.2 7.97 625R
C20 64:17:19:5 41.1 6.0 52.4 7.3 66.2 7.5 525R
C21 64:17:19:3 41.3 60 53.5 7.2 66.8 7.6 525R
C22 64:17:19:1 37.2 5.6 51.6 7 69.9 7.5 525R
C23 64:17:19:0 35.8 5.7 48.7 6.7 63.8 7.4 525R
C4 62:15:23:0 42 7.1 52.7 7.8 65.3 8.3 625R
Grog calculates as admixture, its incorporation is the 0-10% of cement total amount, when mixing small quantity of clinker, strength of cement improves, and grog is in mixing cement total amount 10% scope, and its volume is many more, strength of cement is high more, when the grog incorporation account for total amount 7% the time, 3 days intensity of cement have surpassed 725R silicate cement state quality standard, cement intensity has reached the requirement of 625R ordinary Portland cement GB.Do not reach 525R ordinary Portland cement state quality standard even do not mix its strength of cement of grog yet.
Also the alternative Portland clinker of the lime of available 0-5% (unslaked lime or slaked lime) mixes as exciting agent.But it is low slightly that its strength ratio is mixed the cement of grog.
Slag is as hydraulic material in this cement, and gypsum, Wingdale, grog and lime are all as scoriaceous exciting agent.In addition, also can add blended material (containing active and inactive), for example various industrial residues, various rocks.In a word, this cement of the used blended material of all silicate cements is all available.
The present invention compared with prior art has following technique effect and advantage:
1, the quality of this quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement is better than former gypsum slag cement greatly, cement quality is better than ordinary Portland cement quality, its strength of cement has surpassed 625R ordinary Portland cement state quality standard, and especially 3 days strength ratio GBs are higher; Concrete is bigger by 30% than Portland cement with the bond stress of reinforcing bar, can make Steel Concrete and use; Cement stone shrinkage ratio Portland cement is little; Bleeding is littler than Portland cement; Hydration heat is lower than Portland cement, reaches the low heat cement index.Stability is qualified, reaches the GB requirement of Portland cement time of coagulation, the correlation data that sees table:
Table 5: cement quality contrast
Compile peace intensity time of coagulation (MPa)
Fixed 3 days 7 days 28 days
Number property initial set final set pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent pressure-proof and snap-resistent
The qualified 3:15 5:15 42 7.1 52.7 7.8 65.3 8.3 of C4
The qualified 2:25 4:8 43.3 6.8 54.3 7.3 69.2 7.97 of C19
625R 3Silicate
The cement world is qualified〉0:25<12:0 32 5.5--61.3 7.8
600R 3Gypsum Mine
The slag cement standard laid down by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government is qualified〉0:30<12:0--31.9 6.1 51.5 7.1
Table 6: cement shrinking percentage contrast degree of free swelling (%)
Numbering 3 days 7 days 14 days 28 days 28 days shrinkage ratios
The C19 ordinary portland cement 0.0218 0.006 0.0206 0.0036 0.0206 0.0036 -0.0047 -0.018 1 3.8
Table 7: hydration heat of cement contrast
Cement mark The silicate cement for dam (card/g) Common silicic acid cement for dam (card/g) The slag cement for dam (card/g) Cement of the present invention (card/g)
3 days 7 days 3 days 7 days 3 days 7 days 1.3 hour 1 day 2 days
325 425 525 625 ≤60 ≤70 ≤60 ≤70 ≤55 ≤65 ≤55 ≤65 ≤45 ≤55 ≤45 ≤55 4.17 35.44 39.17
Annotate: from this cement sky, 2 days hydration heat value variation tendencies estimate, 3 days hydration heat values should (44,7 days hydration heat values should<50.Illustrate that hydration heat of cement of the present invention is lower than state's scale value of silicate cement for dam and common cement for dam.
Table 8: strength of cement weather resistance contrast
Annotate: 3 months intensity of this cement are compared still in rising trend with 28 days intensity.
Table 9: cement bleeding contrast
2, the raw material that this cement adopted is easy to get and is cheap, because of making raw material without clay, so do not expend a large amount of land resourcess of country, because the raw material that is adopted is the raw material that ordinary Portland cement uses, meet the requirement of GB to raw material, therefore the user is easy to accept, and large, medium and small scale cement mill utilizes existing installation to produce, and is convenient to promote the use of.
3, this Cement Production technology is simple, can save the calcination process and the equipment of Portland cement, and its output investment ratio Portland cement of founding the factory lacks 2/3, and production cost is lower than Portland cement, can reduce by 50%, and production efficiency is high and can reduce environmental pollution.
Annotate: measuring method, 200g cement sample+300ml water-→ mix thoroughly-→ the 500ml graduated cylinder in-→ record liquid level clear water amount-→ leave standstill-→ record liquid level clear water amount.
Table 10 cement and the contrast of reinforcing bar bond stress
Figure 931087732_IMG3

Claims (5)

1, a kind of raw material is the quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement of slag, gypsum, it is characterized in that also being mixed with Wingdale, the ratio of each component is:
Slag: 50-85%
Gypsum: 7-30%
Wingdale: 5-30%
Can mix the Portland clinker of above-mentioned raw materials total amount 0-10% or the lime of 0-5%.
2, low-heat gypsum slag cement according to claim 1 is characterized in that the optimum ratio of each component of above-mentioned raw materials is:
Slag: 60-66%
Gypsum: 15-19%
Wingdale: 19-25%
3, low-heat gypsum slag cement according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that slag is shrend blast furnace scum or shrend electric furnace slag.
4, low-heat gypsum slag cement according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that gypsum is plaster stone or 750 ℃ of-900 ℃ of bassanite or industry by-product gypsums.
5, a kind of processing method of producing early strong low-heat gypsum slag cement mixes back grinding (also can distinguish levigate back mixing) with slag, gypsum and Wingdale, it is characterized in that grinding fineness is 〉=4500cm 2/ g.
CN93108773A 1993-07-17 1993-07-17 Quick setting high strength low heat-generating gypsum slag cement Expired - Fee Related CN1043338C (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1056594C (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-09-20 同济大学 Batch for high performance concrete and process thereof
CN101423342B (en) * 2008-11-27 2011-10-19 武汉理工大学 Nickel-chromium-iron alloy slag ultra-sulphate cement and preparation method thereof
CN102745932A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-24 张仲 Preparation method and application of PD composite mineral admixture containing silica fume
CN103214198A (en) * 2013-04-18 2013-07-24 广西鱼峰水泥股份有限公司 Cement production method
CN103601381A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-02-26 广西云燕特种水泥建材有限公司 Environment-friendly high-performance cement and production method thereof
CN103848580A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-06-11 辽宁石化职业技术学院 Clinker-free slag portland cement and production method thereof
CN108947449A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-07 江苏夫科技股份有限公司 A kind of ardealite ultra-sulphate cement and preparation method thereof
CN109231859A (en) * 2018-11-05 2019-01-18 云南省环境科学研究院(中国昆明高原湖泊国际研究中心) A method of the recycling treatment of waste desulfurized gypsum residue containing arsenic
CN111205002A (en) * 2020-02-14 2020-05-29 中建材料技术研究成都有限公司 High-toughness super-sulfate cement and preparation method thereof
CN111302677A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-19 江苏一夫科技股份有限公司 Super-sulfate cement and preparation method thereof
CN113020210A (en) * 2021-03-06 2021-06-25 昆明冶金高等专科学校 Ferro-manganese ore radial mineral separation and resource comprehensive utilization process
CN113831044A (en) * 2021-10-19 2021-12-24 湖北碞石科技有限公司 Mineral admixture for concrete

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CN1060681A (en) * 1990-10-13 1992-04-29 中国建筑材料科学研究院 On blast furnace, utilize coal gangue to produce active slag
CN1041195C (en) * 1992-11-15 1998-12-16 四川建筑材料工业学院 Process for low-temperature calcining cement clinker aggregate
CN1071903A (en) * 1992-11-24 1993-05-12 新泰市小协水泥厂 A kind of cement formula
CN1032686C (en) * 1993-05-05 1996-09-04 浙江大学 Low-calcium cement for prodn. of glass-fiber reinforced cement products

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1056594C (en) * 1996-12-23 2000-09-20 同济大学 Batch for high performance concrete and process thereof
CN101423342B (en) * 2008-11-27 2011-10-19 武汉理工大学 Nickel-chromium-iron alloy slag ultra-sulphate cement and preparation method thereof
CN102745932A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-24 张仲 Preparation method and application of PD composite mineral admixture containing silica fume
CN103214198B (en) * 2013-04-18 2014-11-26 广西鱼峰水泥股份有限公司 Cement production method
CN103214198A (en) * 2013-04-18 2013-07-24 广西鱼峰水泥股份有限公司 Cement production method
CN103601381A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-02-26 广西云燕特种水泥建材有限公司 Environment-friendly high-performance cement and production method thereof
CN103601381B (en) * 2013-11-07 2015-08-19 广西云燕特种水泥建材有限公司 A kind of Environment-friendlyhigh-performance high-performance cement and production method thereof
CN103848580A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-06-11 辽宁石化职业技术学院 Clinker-free slag portland cement and production method thereof
CN108947449A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-07 江苏夫科技股份有限公司 A kind of ardealite ultra-sulphate cement and preparation method thereof
CN109231859A (en) * 2018-11-05 2019-01-18 云南省环境科学研究院(中国昆明高原湖泊国际研究中心) A method of the recycling treatment of waste desulfurized gypsum residue containing arsenic
CN111205002A (en) * 2020-02-14 2020-05-29 中建材料技术研究成都有限公司 High-toughness super-sulfate cement and preparation method thereof
CN111302677A (en) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-19 江苏一夫科技股份有限公司 Super-sulfate cement and preparation method thereof
CN113020210A (en) * 2021-03-06 2021-06-25 昆明冶金高等专科学校 Ferro-manganese ore radial mineral separation and resource comprehensive utilization process
CN113020210B (en) * 2021-03-06 2023-09-26 昆明冶金高等专科学校 Mineral processing and resource comprehensive utilization process for ferromanganese ore rays
CN113831044A (en) * 2021-10-19 2021-12-24 湖北碞石科技有限公司 Mineral admixture for concrete

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