CN109770942B

CN109770942B - Arm supersound three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device

Info

Publication number: CN109770942B
Application number: CN201910079271.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金生; 王栋; 陈林; 甄帅; 吴哲
Original assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Current assignee: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Priority date: 2019-01-28
Filing date: 2019-01-28
Publication date: 2021-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-28
Also published as: CN109770942A

Abstract

The invention provides an arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device which comprises a controller, ultrasonic equipment connected with the controller, an acquisition processor, a workstation connected with the ultrasonic equipment and the acquisition processor, and an arm inspection mechanism respectively connected with the controller, the acquisition processor and the ultrasonic equipment. The invention solves the problems of low ultrasonic detection efficiency of the traditional manual two-dimensional ultrasonic to the arm fistula and low two-dimensional imaging precision of the obtained arm blood vessel through the design. The invention has simple structure, reasonable design and strong practical value and popularization and application value.

Description

Arm supersound three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical ultrasonic imaging, and particularly relates to an automatic acquisition device for arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging.

Background

Ultrasound examination plays an important role in modern medical diagnostic techniques with the advantages of real-time, non-invasive, and low cost. To better show the condition of the blood vessels of the internal tissue of the human body, all echo information in the whole interested region needs to be obtained, and three-dimensional ultrasonic imaging is needed. The three-dimensional image visualization technology can reconstruct a series of two-dimensional images to form a three-dimensional body, and the three-dimensional body is displayed on a terminal, so that not only can the overall concept of intuition and image of an imaging object be obtained, but also a lot of important three-dimensional image information can be stored. As the leading direction in the field of medical ultrasound imaging, three-dimensional ultrasound imaging is gaining more and more attention, and many related instruments are also under development or are already on the market. Generally, the whole system includes the steps of ultrasound image data acquisition, enhancement processing, three-dimensional image reconstruction, three-dimensional image display, and the like, wherein the three-dimensional ultrasound image data acquisition is the first step and is also the basis of the whole three-dimensional imaging work.

Maintenance hemodialysis is one of the major methods of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) replacement therapy. At present, the radial artery and the cephalic vein are anastomosed to carry out self arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred method for establishing a dialysis access, however, patients who carry out hemodialysis treatment generally have a large age, poor blood vessel filling degree or are accompanied by obesity, limb edema and arteriovenous palpation which are difficult to satisfy, and diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are mostly combined, so that arteriovenous lumens are tiny, lumens are relatively narrow, blood vessel intima is rough, blood vessel elasticity is reduced and the like, the factors increase the risk of clinical fistula failure, meanwhile, in the long-term dialysis process, artificial venous fistula is easy to cause complications such as lumen stenosis, thrombosis, venous aneurysm expansion, pseudoaneurysm formation and the like due to various reasons, so that insufficient dialysis blood flow is caused to influence the dialysis effect, and therefore, the arteriovenous vascular access function is accurately and quickly evaluated before operation, can effectively improve the success rate of fistulization, establish good internal fistula passageway, it is significant to ESRD dialysis patient, in addition, carry out the observation of follow-up visit to the fistulization blood vessel, can dynamic monitoring arteriovenous internal fistula's functional state, and guide clinical change to arteriovenous internal fistula hemodynamics, and complication in time handle to maintain good internal fistula passageway function for a long time, extension internal fistula life has important meaning to the quality of life and the survival rate that improve hemodialysis.

The traditional method for observing the postoperative ostomy blood vessel adopts manual two-dimensional ultrasound to realize the ultrasonic detection of the arm fistula, the checking efficiency is low, the workload of medical personnel is increased, the information recorded by the two-dimensional image acquired simultaneously has limitation, the integral grasping of the actual condition of the blood vessel is not facilitated, and the limited recording is also not beneficial to the tracking and backtracking of the blood vessel condition. Therefore, it is necessary to design an automatic arm ultrasound acquisition device capable of automatically scanning the arm of the human body and realizing three-dimensional imaging.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the automatic acquisition device for the arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging provided by the invention solves the problems of low ultrasonic detection efficiency of the traditional manual operation of two-dimensional ultrasonic on the arm fistula and low two-dimensional imaging precision of the obtained arm blood vessel.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the scheme provides an arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device, which comprises a controller, ultrasonic equipment connected with the controller, an acquisition processor, a workstation connected with the ultrasonic equipment and the acquisition processor, and an arm inspection mechanism respectively connected with the controller, the acquisition processor and the ultrasonic equipment, wherein the arm inspection mechanism comprises an ultrasonic probe, a probe clamp, an adjustable bracket, a slide block, a linear slide rail, a driving motor, an inspection groove with an open top and a displacement sensor fixed on the slide block, the linear slide rail is positioned at the opening of the inspection groove, the driving motor is positioned at one end of the linear slide rail and is electrically connected with the slide block, the ultrasonic probe is clamped by the probe clamp and is positioned below the probe clamp, the probe clamp is fixed on the adjustable bracket, the adjustable bracket is connected with the linear slide rail in a sliding way through the sliding block.

Still further, the ultrasonic probe is connected with the ultrasonic equipment through a probe data line.

Still further, the displacement sensor is respectively connected with the controller and the acquisition processor through displacement induction data lines.

Still further, the controller is connected with the driving motor through a control data line.

Still further, the probe clamp, the adjustable support and the slider are rigidly connected.

And furthermore, a preset angle position is arranged on the adjustable support, and the adjustable support is in a turning opening and closing shape.

Still further, all four walls of inspection groove are provided with the acoustical tile.

Still further, the ultrasonic probe and the adjustable bracket are arranged at 0 degree, plus or minus 45 degrees or plus or minus 30 degrees.

And furthermore, the probe clamp, the adjustable support, the sliding block and the linear sliding rail are all made of antirust materials.

Preferably, the controller adopts a single chip microcomputer of a model STM32, the displacement sensor is of a model Keyence LK-G405, and the driving motor is of a model FUYU two-phase driver FMDD50D40 NOM.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the two-dimensional images and displacement coordinate information of different angles of the arm are acquired through the arm inspection mechanism, the two-dimensional image information is transmitted to the ultrasonic equipment, the displacement coordinate information is transmitted to the controller and the acquisition processor, the controller controls the ultrasonic equipment to transmit the two-dimensional images acquired by the information to the acquisition processor, the acquisition processor combines the received two-dimensional images with the displacement coordinate information and transmits the two-dimensional images and the displacement coordinate information to the workstation, and the workstation sorts and splices the two-dimensional images and the acquired angles and coordinates by using application software, so that an arm blood vessel three-dimensional ultrasonic model is formed;

(2) the displacement sensor provided by the invention can acquire the coordinate information of the arm of the patient in real time, and provides a good condition for providing the precision of two-dimensional imaging;

(3) the ultrasonic probe provided by the invention can perform translation ultrasonic scanning on the arm in parallel directions for multiple times, so that a two-dimensional ultrasonic image can be effectively obtained;

(4) the sound absorption tiles are arranged in the four walls of the inspection groove, so that the sound wave reflection is effectively reduced, and the image imaging accuracy is improved;

(5) the adjustable bracket is provided with a preset angle position for the insertion and the pull of the ultrasonic probe clamp, so that the translation linear scanning of different angles relative to the arm of a patient is realized, and the effect of acquiring comprehensive images is effectively achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the arm checking mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the arm examination mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a control diagram of the acquisition processor according to the present invention.

The ultrasonic detection device comprises a controller 1, an ultrasonic device 2, an acquisition processor 3, a workstation 4, an ultrasonic probe 5, a probe clamp 6, an adjustable support 7, a slide block 8, a linear slide rail 9, a driving motor 10, an inspection groove 11, a displacement sensor 12, a sound absorption tile 13 and a preset angle position 14.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.

Examples

The invention provides an arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device, which is used for reconstructing a model of an arm blood vessel and tissue by matching with three-dimensional reconstruction software based on an acquired two-dimensional image, is used for automatic postoperative examination of a dialysis patient, improves examination efficiency, simplifies operation of medical staff and improves medical experience of the patient, and comprises a controller 1, an ultrasonic device 2 connected with the controller 1, an acquisition processor 3, a workstation 4 connected with the ultrasonic device 2 and the acquisition processor 3, and an arm examination mechanism respectively connected with the controller 1, the acquisition processor 3 and the ultrasonic device 2, as shown in figures 2 to 3, wherein the arm examination mechanism comprises an ultrasonic probe 5, a probe clamp 6, an adjustable bracket 7, a slide block 8, a linear slide rail 9, a driving motor 10, an examination groove 11 with an open top and a displacement sensor 12 fixed on the slide block 8, the linear slide rail 9 is positioned at an opening of the inspection groove 11, the driving motor 10 is positioned at one end of the linear slide rail 9 and electrically connected with the slide block 8, the ultrasonic probe 5 is clamped by the probe clamp 6 and positioned below the probe clamp 6, the probe clamp 6 is fixed on the adjustable support 7, the adjustable support 7 is slidably connected with the linear slide rail 9 through the slide block 8, the ultrasonic probe 5 is connected with the ultrasonic equipment 2 through a probe data line, the displacement sensor 12 is respectively connected with the controller 1 and the acquisition processor 3 through a displacement sensing data line, the controller 1 is connected with the driving motor 10 through a control data line, the probe clamp 6, the adjustable support 7 and the slide block 8 are rigidly connected, and the adjustable support 7 is provided with a predetermined angle position 14, just adjustable support 7 is the upset form that opens and shuts, the four walls of inspection groove 11 all are provided with inhales the sound tile 13, ultrasonic probe 5 with be 0 degree between the adjustable support 7, plus-minus 45 degrees or plus-minus 30 degrees settings, probe anchor clamps 6, adjustable support 7, slider 8 and linear slide 9 all adopt rust-resistant material to make.

In the embodiment, the probe clamp 6, the adjustable bracket 7 and the slide block 8 are rigidly connected to avoid errors caused by deformation, the probe clamp 6 can be plugged and switched on a plurality of preset angle positions 14 on the adjustable bracket 7, the adjustable bracket 7 can also be designed into a mechanical structure with continuously adjustable angles, accurate scale display of angle adjustment is carried out on the mechanical structure, the slide block 8 can linearly reciprocate within a set range, the displacement sensor 12 can accurately measure position information in motion, a safety alarm device can be added for safety, when foreign matters are in the motion direction of the slide block or the bracket in the detection process and collision risks exist too close, the device automatically stops running and resets, the probe clamp 6 clamps the ultrasonic probe 5, the ultrasonic probe 5 is kept vertical to the horizontal plane by default, and the clamping angle of the probe clamp 6 can be conveniently adjusted under specific detection requirements, the probe clamp 6 and the horizontal plane form a fixed inclination angle, the inclination angle compensation is needed during three-dimensional reconstruction, the adjustable support 7 can be turned and opened, a patient can conveniently put an arm into a water tank when the adjustable support is opened, the arm returns to an initial set position after the adjustable support is closed, the opening and the inspection are convenient, the probe clamp 6, the adjustable support 7, the sliding block 8 and the linear sliding rail 9 are all made of antirust materials, and the interfaces are convenient to install and disassemble.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the patient's hand can be placed on an adjustable pad to achieve a natural parallel alignment of the arm with the horizontal plane, with the forearm completely immersed in water during the test, with the test starting from the wrist and ending up at the end of the run to the elbow. The patient immerses the arm in the ultrasonic conducting medium-water in the tank, the ultrasonic probe 6 performs parallel translation ultrasonic scanning on the arm, after one-time scanning is completed, another angle can be switched on the adjustable bracket 7, second scanning is performed, three times of scanning are required to obtain required information, the sound absorption tile 13 paved on the four walls of the inspection tank 11 is used for reducing sound wave reflection, the probe data line of the ultrasonic probe 5 is connected to the ultrasonic equipment 2, the ultrasonic probe 5 can perform linear scanning in the range of 0 degree of the adjustable bracket 7, and can also perform linear scanning in the range of plus or minus 45 degrees or plus or minus 30 degrees or set other angles according to the inspection requirement, finally two-dimensional images are obtained from different angles, the controller 1 sends signals to the driving motor 10 through a control data line, the driving slide block 8 performs linear motion on the linear slide rail 9, the displacement sensor 12 respectively transmits coordinate information to the acquisition processor 3 and the controller 1 in real time through a displacement sensing data line, the controller 1 controls the ultrasonic equipment 2 to transmit acquired two-dimensional B ultrasonic images to the acquisition processor 3, the acquisition processor 3 combines the received two-dimensional B ultrasonic image information with information such as displacement coordinates and the like and transmits the combined information to the workstation 4, and the workstation 4 uses application software to sort, splice and process the two-dimensional images and the obtained angles and coordinates to form the arm blood vessel three-dimensional ultrasonic model.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the acquisition processor 3 is an ultrasonic signal collector based on an FPGA (field programmable gate array), and mainly completes functions of acquisition control of ultrasonic digital signals, matching and encoding of ultrasonic signals and angles, and position signals, data storage and transmission, and the like. Each internal functional module of the FPGA is as follows: under the control of the controller 1, the ultrasonic device 2 collects ultrasonic image information, transmits the ultrasonic image information to the collection processor 2, matches with a displacement signal transmitted from a displacement induction data line at the same time, matches and encodes the ultrasonic image signal with a corresponding angle and position signal by the matching and encoding device, finally stores the ultrasonic data in an internal RAM memory through a storage controller, and after completing sampling of a measured signal in one to a plurality of cycles in the RAM memory, transmits the data stored in the RAM to the workstation 4 under address scanning of the storage controller, thereby completing integration and transmission of the obtained ultrasonic image and coordinate information.

In this embodiment, the controller 1 is a single chip microcomputer of STM32 type, the displacement sensor 12 is of keyence LK-G405 type, the driving motor 10 is of FUYU two-phase driver FMDD50D40NOM type, and the circuit structures thereof all belong to the prior art.

According to the invention, automatic ultrasonic two-dimensional images can be conveniently and rapidly acquired through the design, and based on the acquired two-dimensional images, models of arm blood vessels and tissues can be reconstructed by matching with three-dimensional reconstruction software, so that the model is used for automatic postoperative examination of dialysis patients, the examination efficiency is improved, the operation of medical staff is simplified, and the medical experience of the patients is improved. The invention has simple structure, reasonable design and strong practical value.

Claims

1. An arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device is characterized by comprising a controller (1), ultrasonic equipment (2) connected with the controller (1), an acquisition processor (3), a workstation (4) connected with the ultrasonic equipment (2) and the acquisition processor (3), and an arm inspection mechanism respectively connected with the controller (1), the acquisition processor (3) and the ultrasonic equipment (2), wherein the arm inspection mechanism comprises an ultrasonic probe (5), a probe clamp (6), an adjustable bracket (7), a sliding block (8), a linear sliding rail (9), a driving motor (10), an inspection groove (11) with an open top, and a displacement sensor (12) fixed on the sliding block (8), the linear sliding rail (9) is positioned at the opening of the inspection groove (11), the driving motor (10) is located at one end of the linear sliding rail (9) and electrically connected with the sliding block (8), the ultrasonic probe (5) is clamped by the probe clamp (6) and located below the probe clamp (6), the probe clamp (6) is fixed on the adjustable support (7), and the adjustable support (7) is in sliding connection with the linear sliding rail (9) through the sliding block (8);

the adjustable bracket (7) is provided with a preset angle position (14), and the adjustable bracket (7) is in a turning opening and closing shape;

the ultrasonic probe (5) and the adjustable bracket (7) are arranged at 0 degree, plus or minus 45 degrees or plus or minus 30 degrees;

the patient immerses the arm into ultrasonic conducting medium-water in the examination groove (11), the ultrasonic probe (5) makes parallel translation ultrasonic scanning to the arm, after one-time scanning is finished, another angle is switched on the adjustable bracket (7) to carry out second scanning, three times of scanning are needed in total, namely required information is obtained, the probe data line of the ultrasonic probe (5) is connected to the ultrasonic equipment (2), the ultrasonic probe (5) can carry out linear scanning in the range of plus or minus 45 degrees or plus or minus 30 degrees besides the range of 0 degree of the adjustable bracket (7), or other angles of scanning can be set according to the examination requirement, finally two-dimensional images obtained from different angles are obtained, the controller (1) sends signals to the driving motor (10) through controlling the data line, and the driving slide block (8) makes linear motion on the linear slide rail (9), the displacement sensor (12) respectively transmits coordinate information to the acquisition processor (3) and the controller (1) in real time through a displacement sensing data line, the controller (1) controls the ultrasonic equipment (2) to transmit the acquired two-dimensional B ultrasonic image to the acquisition processor (3), the acquisition processor (3) combines the received two-dimensional B ultrasonic image information with information such as displacement coordinates and transmits the information to the workstation (4), and the workstation (4) sorts, splices and processes the two-dimensional image and the obtained angle and coordinates according to application software to form the arm blood vessel three-dimensional ultrasonic model.

2. The arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic probe (5) is connected with the ultrasonic equipment (2) through a probe data line.

3. The arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement sensor (12) is respectively connected with the controller (1) and the acquisition processor (3) through displacement induction data lines.

4. The arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (1) is connected with the driving motor (10) through a control data line.

5. The arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the probe clamp (6), the adjustable bracket (7) and the slide block (8) are rigidly connected.

6. The automatic acquisition device for arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that the four walls of the inspection groove (11) are provided with sound-absorbing tiles (13).

7. The automatic acquisition device for arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging according to claim 1, wherein the probe clamp (6), the adjustable bracket (7), the slide block (8) and the linear slide rail (9) are made of antirust materials.

8. The arm ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging automatic acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (1) adopts a single chip microcomputer with the model number of STM32, the displacement sensor (12) is with the model number of keyence LK-G405, and the driving motor (10) is with the model number of FUYU two-phase driver FMDD50D40 NOM.