CN109769014B - Service level conversion method and device for mixed critical system - Google Patents
Service level conversion method and device for mixed critical system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a service grade conversion method and a device of a mixed critical system, wherein the conversion method comprises the following steps: dividing a system service into a plurality of service plates according to the functional requirements of the system service; determining the priority levels of the plurality of service plates according to the importance degrees of the plurality of service plates; determining conversion conditions among a plurality of service plates according to tolerance limits of each service plate to environmental conditions; and step four, automatically switching the current service plate of the system service according to the priority levels of the service plates, the switching conditions among the service plates and the environmental conditions of the current system service. In a harsh environment, the invention closes part of service plates with lower importance, ensures the normal operation of key modules and enhances the adaptability of equipment to the environment at a system level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of network communication, and particularly relates to a service level conversion method and device of a hybrid critical system.
Background
For example, the IEC61508 standard, the DO-178B standard, the DO-178C standard, the DO-254 standard, and the ISO 26262 standard all include five levels to define the criticality of the service, such as ASI L s (automotive safety and integrity level) and DA L s (design assurance level or development assurance level).
The MCS must meet the stringent specific requirements of industrial-grade applications in extreme environments (e.g., high and low temperatures). For example, an embedded system deployed on a train may experience a low temperature of-20 degrees celsius in winter and a high temperature of 50 degrees celsius in summer.
For MCS (especially security systems), maintaining the reliability of a particular application in extreme environments is crucial. Reliability is guaranteed, and normal operation of software and hardware needs to be guaranteed. Many different methods have been used to ensure the normal operation of software, but the method for ensuring the stable operation of hardware is single at present, and the previous work usually focuses on the design optimization of reliability drive to improve the robustness of the system and the endurance limit of the environment, rather than dealing with the survival problem of the system in the extreme physical environment.
It is important to increase the tolerance limit of the system to the environment, but such a lifting method may encounter a technical bottleneck that the physical environment always exceeds the tolerance limit of the device in the worst case, thereby causing the risk of the device crashing. The breakdown of an industrial embedded system in an extreme environment is not only caused by the fact that the environment exceeds the bearing limit of the system in most cases, but also caused by the fact that the system runs at full load, so that the bearing capacity of the system is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a service level conversion method and device for a hybrid critical system, so as to at least solve the technical problem of full load operation of the service system in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a service level conversion method and a conversion device for a hybrid critical system, wherein the technical scheme is as follows:
a service level conversion method of a mixed critical system comprises the following steps:
dividing a system service into a plurality of service plates according to the functional requirements of the system service;
determining the priority levels of the plurality of service plates according to the importance degrees of the plurality of service plates;
determining conversion conditions among a plurality of service plates according to tolerance limits of each service plate to environmental conditions;
and step four, automatically switching the current service plate of the system service according to the priority levels of the service plates, the switching conditions among the service plates and the environmental conditions of the current system service.
The service level conversion method of the above-described hybrid critical system is more preferably: in the first step, the service blocks of the system service are divided in such a way that modules of the system service and a corresponding relationship between each service block and each module are determined according to an implementation strategy of hardware corresponding to the system service.
The service level conversion method of the above-described hybrid critical system is more preferably: different service boards are independent of each other.
The service level conversion method of the above-described hybrid critical system is more preferably: the determining the priority levels of the plurality of service plates comprises determining the importance level of each service plate according to the influence of each service plate on the overall MCS service quality; and determining the priority level of each service plate according to the importance level of each service plate and the specific working scene of the MCS.
The service level conversion method of the above-described hybrid critical system is more preferably: before the fourth step, determining a starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirement of the MCS.
The service level conversion method of the above-described hybrid critical system is more preferably: and determining a starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirements of the MCS, wherein if the normal operation of the system service needs to be ensured to the maximum extent, cold starting is selected, and the service plate block at the lowest priority level is started.
The service level conversion method of the above-described hybrid critical system is more preferably: and determining a starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirements of the MCS, wherein if the system service is required to provide better performance, selecting hot start and starting the service plate at the highest priority level.
The service level conversion method of the above-described hybrid critical system is more preferably: the determining of the starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirements of the MCS comprises selecting the optimal starting if the time delay of the system service during starting can be tolerated, determining the corresponding priority level according to the current environmental condition, and starting the corresponding service plate.
A service level switching apparatus of a hybrid critical system, comprising:
the service plate dividing module is configured to divide the system service into a plurality of service plates according to the functional requirements of the system service;
the priority level determining module is configured to determine the priority levels of the service plates according to the importance degrees of the service plates;
the conversion condition determining module is configured to determine conversion conditions among a plurality of service plates according to tolerance limits of each service plate to environmental conditions;
and the service conversion module is configured to automatically convert the current service plate of the system service according to the priority levels of the service plates, the conversion conditions among the service plates and the environmental conditions of the current system service.
The service level conversion device of the hybrid critical system as described above is more preferably: different service boards are independent of each other.
Analysis shows that compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the service level conversion method of the mixed critical system provided by the invention has the advantage that the survival state of the equipment in the extreme environment is improved by changing the operation load of the equipment under the condition that the bearing capacity of the equipment to the physical environment is not changed. The MCS may provide service boards of different critical levels, i.e. with different levels of importance for the whole system. The different importance levels mean that closing some service boards with lower importance does not cause the whole service system to crash, but only reduces the service quality of the service system. The invention draws inspiration from environmentally sensitive organisms in the nature, which can reduce the life activities to the limit under harsh environment, thereby obtaining higher adaptability to the environment. The MCS can also adopt the same method to close part of service boards with lower importance in a severe environment, ensure the normal operation of key modules and enhance the adaptability of the equipment to the environment at the system level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the automatic service level switching mode according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of the present invention when using a cold start;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention when using hot start.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the preferred embodiment of the present invention using an optimal startup;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention when using the "fast-fall slow-rise" strategy.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the service level switching method of the hybrid critical system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
dividing a system service into a plurality of service plates according to the functional requirements of the system service;
in the first step, the service blocks of the system service are divided in such a way that modules of the system service and a corresponding relationship between each service block and each module are determined according to an implementation strategy of hardware corresponding to the system service.
Different service boards are independent of each other.
Determining the priority levels of the plurality of service plates according to the importance degrees of the plurality of service plates;
determining a priority level for a plurality of the service slabs comprises:
determining the importance level of each service plate according to the influence of each service plate on the overall service quality of the MCS;
and determining the priority level of each service plate according to the importance level of each service plate and the specific working scene of the MCS.
In the second step, determining the priority level of each service plate according to the service plates divided in the first step and the specific working scene of the MCS; some service boards which can cause the whole system to crash after stopping are divided into importance level 1, and the service boards with the importance level 1 cannot stop under all the service board levels; and then determining the importance level of each service plate according to the influence of each service plate on the overall service quality of the MCS.
Taking a train real-time ethernet switch for providing train communication services as an example, the real-time ethernet switch is a typical MCS. The control data switching service block of the exchange is listed as importance level 1 because if the control data communication service is stopped, it causes the train to stop running. The data monitoring service block of the switch is listed as importance level 2, which is also very important for monitoring the communication condition in the train and processing the emergency, but the stop of the data monitoring service block is not easy to cause disastrous results. The user data exchange service plate of the exchanger is listed as importance level 3, and the user data exchange service plate can improve the service quality of the exchanger and provide network service for passengers, but cannot cause disastrous results when the exchanger is stopped.
Determining conversion conditions among a plurality of service plates according to tolerance limits of each service plate to environmental conditions;
and determining the tolerance limit of each module to the environmental condition according to the hardware characteristic of each module. The environmental conditions here may contain a number of aspects (temperature, humidity, etc.). The tolerance limit of each service board block is determined according to all modules contained in the service board block, and for each environmental factor, the lowest value of the tolerance limits of all the modules is the tolerance limit of the service board block to the environmental factor.
The impact of each module on the environment, i.e. the tolerance limits of the whole system, is then determined. Some modules may have an effect (e.g., heat generation) on the surrounding environment during operation, thereby making the operating environment of other modules worse. By changing the environmental factors after a certain service plate is opened or closed, the tolerance limit of the whole system to the environment under different service levels can be known. The tolerance limit of different service classes is the condition for service class switching.
And step four, automatically switching the current service plate of the system service according to the priority levels of the service plates, the switching conditions among the service plates and the environmental conditions of the current system service.
According to the results, each service level is taken as a node for automatic conversion, the tolerance limit of each service level to the environmental condition is taken as a conversion condition, an automatic conversion origin point is determined through a starting strategy, and the upgrading and degrading conversion of the service plate is carried out by using a 'fast-descending and slow-ascending' strategy, so that the automatic conversion mode of the service levels is obtained.
Before the fourth step, the method further comprises the following steps: and determining a starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirement of the MCS.
Determining a starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirements of the MCS comprises the following steps:
if the system service is required to be ensured to normally operate to the maximum extent, selecting cold start, and starting the service plate block at the lowest priority level.
If the system service is required to provide better performance, then a warm start is selected and the service plate at the highest priority level is started.
And if the time delay of the system service starting can be tolerated, selecting the optimal starting, determining the corresponding priority level according to the current environment condition, and starting the corresponding service plate.
In summary, the service level conversion method for the mixed critical system provided by the present invention is very meaningful for improving the survival state of the device in the extreme environment by changing the operation load of the device under the condition that the bearing capacity of the device to the physical environment is not changed. The MCS may provide service boards of different critical levels, i.e. with different levels of importance for the whole system. The different importance levels mean that the closing of some service boards with lower importance does not cause the breakdown of the whole system, but only reduces the service quality of the system. The invention draws inspiration from environmentally sensitive organisms in the nature, which can reduce the life activities to the limit under harsh environment, thereby obtaining higher adaptability to the environment. The MCS can also adopt the same method to close part of service boards with lower importance in a severe environment, ensure the normal operation of key modules and enhance the adaptability of the equipment to the environment at the system level.
The invention also provides a service grade conversion device of the mixed critical system, which comprises:
the service plate dividing module is configured to divide the system service into a plurality of service plates according to the functional requirements of the system service;
the priority level determining module is configured to determine the priority levels of the service plates according to the importance degrees of the service plates;
the conversion condition determining module is configured to determine conversion conditions among a plurality of service plates according to tolerance limits of each service plate to environmental conditions;
and the service conversion module is configured to automatically convert the current service plate of the system service according to the priority levels of the service plates, the conversion conditions among the service plates and the environmental conditions of the current system service.
Different service boards are independent of each other.
In the invention, the service upgrade and service downgrade criteria are:
the MCS is physically composed of a plurality of modules, each module provides different functions, and the module is the minimum unit which can be opened or closed by the MCS; logically, the MCS provides a plurality of service boards with different importance, each service board includes a plurality of different functions, and the service board is a unit for adaptive adjustment under the MCS discussion critical condition. Each service panel may require multiple modules, and each module may be used by multiple service panels.
Each service plate has its own importance level, which is defined by the present invention to be higher the lower the level. In which, the service block with the importance level 1 must be opened all the time, and the stop of such service block will cause the breakdown of the whole service system. Service boards with importance levels greater than 1 may be actively stopped when necessary to reduce service system load (e.g., reduce heat dissipation of some components of the system to reduce the operating environment temperature of other important components) to maintain proper operation of the MCS. If the current environment allows the service panel with the importance level of 3 to operate normally (comfortable environment), all service panels with the importance level less than or equal to 3 will operate. If the current environment does not allow the service panel with the importance level 3 to operate, but allows the service panel with the importance level 2 to operate normally (harsh environment), the service panels with the importance levels 2 and 1 may operate. If the current environment only allows service panels with importance level 1 to operate normally (extreme environment), only service panels with importance level 1 operate.
That is, when the environment becomes severe (for example, the comfortable environment becomes harsh), the present invention actively turns off the service board with the importance level 3 to find the normal operation of the MCS as a whole, and the present invention defines this as the service degradation. On the contrary, when the environment is improved (for example, the extreme environment is changed into a harsh environment), the invention actively opens the service board with the importance level of 2, so that the MCS provides better performance and service for the outside, and the invention defines the condition as service upgrade.
When a service plate of a certain level is opened, the MCS has an upper limit to the tolerance of the environment, the upper limit is defined as limit by the invention, and the current environment is defined as env. The limit-env is defined as a buffer amount rpis, and when the rpis is larger than zero, the MCS can bear the current environment, and even service upgrading can be possibly performed; when rips is less than zero, it means that the MCS cannot tolerate the current environment, a system crash may occur at any time, and service degradation is required.
As can be seen from the above definition, each service needs several modules contained in the service board to work simultaneously to operate normally. If the service upgrading is to decide to open a certain service plate, the invention opens all modules related to the service plate; if it is decided to shut down a certain service block in the service degradation, only the module unique to this service block is shut down (ensuring the normal operation of the other service blocks containing this module).
When the environment is deteriorated, the service is degraded to obtain the normal operation of the MCS core service plate, and when the environment is improved, the service is upgraded to improve the service quality of the MCS to the outside, which is the core of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, according to the criteria and execution conditions of service upgrade and service downgrade, the present invention plots the automatic service level conversion mode shown in fig. 1: based on the above definitions of limit, env and rpis, the present invention uses upg [ j ] to represent the adaptation of the environment when upgrading the service from the service level i (i < j) so as to upgrade the service level to j, and upg [ j ] ═ limit [ j ] -env. If limit [ j ] (tolerance upper bound on environment for service level j) -env is greater than zero, then upg [ j ] can be executed without causing the MCS to crash under the current environment. Similarly, the definition deg [ j ] represents the adaptation to the environment when downgrading from the service class i (i > j) to the service class j, and deg [ j ] ═ limit [ j ] -env. Performing service degradation means that at service level i, the environment has exceeded the tolerance limit of the MCS, and the service degradation may cause the tolerance limit of the MCS to increase.
According to the above definition, the MCS will keep service upgrade as long as the environment allows (upp [ j ] >0) until the environment does not allow (upp [ j ] <0) or has been upgraded to the highest service level. As long as the environment is bad (deg [ j ] <0), the MCS will continue to downgrade the service until the environment allows (deg [ j ] >0) or downgrades to 1.
In fig. 1, each node Hi represents a different class of service, here a total of N classes of service, numbered from 0 to N-1; the arrows indicate that a transition between service classes can be made as long as the corresponding conditions are met.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention defines the state transition mechanism of MCS at runtime, and as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, the present invention defines the state transition mechanism of MCS at startup. The present invention has three alternative operations, namely cold start, warm start and optimal start, when starting in the automatic mode.
The cold start means that when the MCS is started, the whole service system is assumed to be in an extreme environment, only the minimum service boards are started, and then the optimal service quality is achieved through service upgrade along with the automatic perception of the service system to the external environment. The cold start can avoid the crash of the service system caused by the environment during the start to the maximum extent, but the service quality during the start of the service system is low;
the warm start means that when the MCS is started, all service boards in the whole service system can be normally started without causing the breakdown of the service system, assuming that the environment is very friendly. The warm start can provide high-quality service when the MCS is started, but the system can not work normally due to the harsh environment during the starting;
the optimal starting means that the whole service system is subjected to environment perception before being started, the maximum service level allowed by the current environment is calculated through virtual service upgrading and degrading, and then the MCS is started from the optimal service level. The optimal starting can avoid the breakdown of the MCS due to the severe environment during the starting, and can provide high-quality service to the maximum extent at the same time, but the implementation is more complex, and a larger time delay may be brought to the starting of the service system.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4, the state transition mechanism at startup is exemplified by an MCS system including three service classes (N is 3).
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention provides an automatic service level switching mode using a "fast-down and slow-up" policy, and when the environment is degraded or improved, a reasonable policy must be selected for service degradation and service upgrade in order to ensure the normal operation of the MCS to the maximum extent.
For example, when the environment deteriorates, the MCS may monitor that the environment has exceeded the maximum tolerance limit, thus requiring service degradation. But it is difficult to determine what level to drop to bring the environmental conditions within the maximum tolerable limits. At this time, since the environmental conditions already exceed the tolerance limit of the MCS, the service system may be crashed at any time, and therefore, the MCS directly selects the service to be degraded to the lowest service level (level 1), i.e., all the service boards except the most critical service board are shut down, so as to guarantee the normal operation of the MCS to the maximum extent.
Similarly, when the environment is improved, the service can only be upgraded step by step in order to ensure the normal operation of the MCS. If the level is raised to a higher level at one time, the MCS may be brought to a dangerous state because the environmental conditions exceed the tolerance of the MCS and the service system may crash at any time.
Analysis shows that compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the service level conversion method of the mixed critical system provided by the invention has the advantage that the survival state of the equipment in the extreme environment is improved by changing the operation load of the equipment under the condition that the bearing capacity of the equipment to the physical environment is not changed. The MCS may provide service boards of different critical levels, i.e. with different levels of importance for the whole system. The different importance levels mean that closing some service boards with lower importance does not cause the whole service system to crash, but only reduces the service quality of the service system. The invention draws inspiration from environmentally sensitive organisms in the nature, which can reduce the life activities to the limit under harsh environment, thereby obtaining higher adaptability to the environment. The MCS can also adopt the same method to close part of service boards with lower importance in a severe environment, ensure the normal operation of key modules and enhance the adaptability of the equipment to the environment at the system level.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A service level switching method for a hybrid critical system, comprising the steps of:
dividing a system service into a plurality of service plates according to the functional requirements of the system service;
determining the priority levels of the plurality of service plates according to the importance degrees of the plurality of service plates;
determining conversion conditions among a plurality of service plates according to tolerance limits of each service plate to environmental conditions;
determining a starting strategy of system service according to the functional requirement of the MCS;
step four, automatically switching the current service plate of the system service according to the priority levels of the service plates, the switching conditions among the service plates, the determined starting strategy of the system service and the environmental conditions of the current system service;
wherein, the determining the starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirement of the MCS comprises:
if the normal operation of the system service needs to be ensured to the maximum extent, selecting cold start, and starting the service plate block at the lowest priority level; or
If the system service is required to provide better performance, selecting hot start, and starting the service plate block at the highest priority level; or
And if the time delay of the system service starting can be tolerated, selecting the optimal starting, determining the corresponding priority level according to the current environment condition, and starting the corresponding service plate.
2. The service level transition method of a hybrid critical system as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
in the first step, the service blocks of the system service are divided in such a way that modules of the system service and a corresponding relationship between each service block and each module are determined according to an implementation strategy of hardware corresponding to the system service.
3. The service level switching method of a hybrid critical system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: different service boards are independent of each other.
4. The method of service level transition in a hybrid critical system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said determining the priority level of a plurality of said service slabs comprises:
determining the importance level of each service plate according to the influence of each service plate on the overall service quality of the MCS;
and determining the priority level of each service plate according to the importance level of each service plate and the specific working scene of the MCS.
5. A service level switching apparatus for a hybrid critical system, comprising:
the service plate dividing module is configured to divide the system service into a plurality of service plates according to the functional requirements of the system service;
the priority level determining module is configured to determine the priority levels of the service plates according to the importance degrees of the service plates;
the conversion condition determining module is configured to determine conversion conditions among a plurality of service plates according to tolerance limits of each service plate to environmental conditions; determining a starting strategy of system service according to the functional requirement of the MCS;
the service conversion module is configured to automatically convert the current service plate of the system service according to the priority levels of the service plates, the conversion conditions among the service plates, the determined starting strategy of the system service and the environmental conditions of the current system service;
wherein, the determining the starting strategy of the system service according to the functional requirement of the MCS comprises:
if the normal operation of the system service needs to be ensured to the maximum extent, selecting cold start, and starting the service plate block at the lowest priority level; or
If the system service is required to provide better performance, selecting hot start, and starting the service plate block at the highest priority level; or
And if the time delay of the system service starting can be tolerated, selecting the optimal starting, determining the corresponding priority level according to the current environment condition, and starting the corresponding service plate.
6. The service level switching device of a hybrid critical system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: different service boards are independent of each other.
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