CN109767402A - A kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram - Google Patents
A kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram: (1) statistics with histogram, reads in infrared raw image data, counts the histogram information of present frame gray pixel；(2) accumulative histogram is calculated, accumulative histogram minimum gradation value hist is obtainedminAnd maximum gradation value histmax；The present invention combines statistics with histogram with divided linear strength, and two threshold values Th1 and Th2 of three sections of Linear Mappings are found out using statistics with histogram probability, improve arithmetic speed；Improving contrast using piecewise linear maps reduces the problem of target lacks under overall background；The present invention can be realized with single FPGA.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to infrared thermal imaging technique field, adaptive more particularly, to a kind of uncooled ir thermal imaging
Mapping method.
Background technique
During uncooled ir thermal imaging, due to the characteristic of infrared detector inherently, so that the image of shooting
The disadvantages of contrast is low, edge blurry, complicated background.In order to improve picture quality, there are commonly based on the straight of Plateau histogram
Side's figure equalization enhancing technology and the enhancing technology based on piecewise linear transform, both can widen dynamic model to a certain degree
It encloses, improve contrast.Histogram equalization enhancing technology based on Plateau histogram is the innovatory algorithm to histogram equalization,
But threshold value is arranged if it is greater than histogram highest value in the algorithm, is equivalent to histogram equalization, however it remains cover target
Cover under overall background be not easy to observe, the problems such as reinforcing effect is not easy to control；Although the enhancing technology based on piecewise linear transform can
It adaptively to determine fragmentation threshold, but also needs that threshold value manually is arranged to a certain extent, and calculate complexity, real-time is not
It is high.While in order to improve environment self-adaption, guarantee that target is clear, high contrast proposes a kind of based on statistics with histogram
Uncooled ir thermal imaging self organizing maps method.
Summary of the invention
It is adaptively reflected in view of this, the invention is directed to a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery based on statistics with histogram
Shooting method is difficult to guarantee simultaneously to solve the problems, such as that high environmental suitability is imaged in red heat with high contrast.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the invention is achieved in that
A kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram, includes the following steps:
(1) statistics with histogram reads in infrared raw image data, counts the histogram information of present frame gray pixel；
(2) accumulative histogram is calculated, accumulative histogram minimum gradation value hist is obtainedminAnd maximum gradation value histmax；
(3) resulting [hist is calculated according to step (2)min, histmax] in gray scale interval, histogram is weighted and is reset, is obtained
Obtain new histogram；
(4) mapping threshold value is sought according to the histogram after step (3) resetting；
(5) segmenting carries out Histogram Mapping processing, obtains result；
(6) step (5) acquired results are shown.
Further, the step of step (2) calculating accumulative histogram includes:
(21) frequency according to obtained in the statistics with histogram process of step (1)；
(22) give up point of the both ends gray-scale pixel values proportion less than 2% after counting；
(23) it obtains new grey scale pixel value and counts section；
(24) obtaining step (23) the section both ends numerical value histminAnd histmax；
Further, the step (21) frequency is the number of gray level shared by each gray-scale pixels of present frame.
Further, step (4) the mapping threshold value includes Th1And Th2。
Further, step (4) threshold value of seeking includes finding Frequency of gray levels institute in step (3) described new histogram
Accounting is greater than 30% main peak.
Further, step (5) segmenting carries out Histogram Mapping processing as respectively [0, Th1] or [Th1,Th2]
Or [Thn-1,Thn] segment carry out mapping processing.
Further, the calculation formula of mapping processing described in step (5) are as follows:
Wherein, Pixel_Data is the pixel value of current interval, and Min_Pixel_Data is that current interval section pixel is minimum
Value, the maximum value that Max_Pixel_Data is current interval section pixel.
Compared with the existing technology, a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery based on statistics with histogram described in the invention is adaptive
Mapping method is answered to have the advantage that
The invention combines statistics with histogram with divided linear strength, finds out three sections using statistics with histogram probability
Two threshold values Th1 and Th2 of Linear Mapping, improve arithmetic speed；Improving contrast using piecewise linear maps reduces greatly
The problem of target lacks under background；The present invention can be realized with single FPGA.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide to further understand the invention, present invention wound
The illustrative embodiments and their description made are used to explain the present invention creation, do not constitute the improper restriction to the invention.?
In attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is mapping flow diagram described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 2 is mapping threshold value schematic diagram described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 3 is not map processing schematic described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 4 is mapping processing schematic described in the invention embodiment.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the invention can
To be combined with each other.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description the invention and simplifies description, rather than indicate
Or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot understand
For the limitation to the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating
Or it implies relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic." first ", " second " etc. are defined as a result,
Feature can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the invention, unless separately
It is described, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.
In the description of the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " peace
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally
Connection；It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary,
It can be the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, on being understood by concrete condition
State concrete meaning of the term in the invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments creates.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
(1) statistics with histogram reads in infrared raw image data, counts the histogram information of present frame gray pixel；
(2) accumulative histogram is calculated, accumulative histogram minimum gradation value hist is obtainedminAnd maximum gradation value histmax；
(3) resulting [hist is calculated according to step (2)min, histmax] in gray scale interval, histogram is weighted and is reset, is obtained
Obtain new histogram；
(4) mapping threshold value is sought according to the histogram after step (3) resetting；
(5) segmenting carries out Histogram Mapping processing, obtains result；
(6) step (5) acquired results are shown.
Wherein, the step of step (2) calculating accumulative histogram includes:
(21) frequency according to obtained in the statistics with histogram process of step (1)；
(22) give up point of the both ends gray-scale pixel values proportion less than 2% after counting；
(23) it obtains new grey scale pixel value and counts section；
(24) obtaining step (23) the section both ends numerical value histminAnd histmax；
Wherein, the step (21) frequency is the number of gray level shared by each gray-scale pixels of present frame.
Wherein, step (4) the mapping threshold value includes Th1And Th2。
Wherein, step (4) threshold value of seeking includes finding Frequency of gray levels institute accounting in step (3) described new histogram
Main peak greater than 30%.
Wherein, step (5) segmenting carries out Histogram Mapping processing as respectively [0, Th1] or [Th1,Th2] or
[Thn-1,Thn] segment carry out mapping processing.
Wherein, the calculation formula of mapping processing described in step (5) are as follows:
Wherein, Pixel_Data is the pixel value of current interval, and Min_Pixel_Data is that current interval section pixel is minimum
Value, the maximum value that Max_Pixel_Data is current interval section pixel.
Concrete operating principle of the invention:
The invention essentially consists in statistics with histogram, histogram resetting is sought with threshold value, piecewise linear maps.
Firstly, the voltage signal that statistics is exported by detector, which is analog signal, via ADC core
Multistation digital signal, that is, image grayscale pixel value is generated after piece conversion, and is primary statistics with a frame image data, is started the cycle over
Count the histogram information of present frame gray pixel；
Then accumulative histogram is calculated, the number of gray level shared by each gray-scale pixels of present frame can be obtained in statistic processes
Namely frequency gives up point of the both ends gray-scale pixel values proportion less than 2% after statistics, obtains the new pixel grey scale of present frame
Data-Statistics section, which is respectively minimum gradation value histmin and maximum gradation value histmax；In new ash
It spends in section [histmin, histmax] main peak for finding new histogram i.e. Frequency of gray levels proportion is greater than 30%
Segment part (main peak may have one or more in new histogram), as shown in Fig. 2, with histogram minimal gray pixel value
Main peak is found to maximum gray-scale pixel values, the main peak found first is Th1, i.e. first threshold value is to the threshold value (Th1) 0
One section (such as following figure first segment show a section) carries out Histogram Mapping processing.
The invention uses and obtains new histogram, divided linear strength technology according to statistics with histogram probability weight.
Image data statistics with histogram technology is used to count the image grayscale information of ADC analog-to-digital conversion transmission；According to infrared thermal imaging spy
Property after statistic histogram, gives up image data of the accumulative histogram probability accounting less than 2%, by the histogram after giving up by general
Rate weight assignment is at background area, transition region, target area；Data after distribution carry out divided linear strength, and compressed background area stretches
Target area improves contrast, expands dynamic range, as shown in Figure 3,4.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to limit the invention creation, all at this
Within the spirit and principle of innovation and creation, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram, it is characterised in that: including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) statistics with histogram reads in infrared raw image data, counts the histogram information of present frame gray pixel；
(2) accumulative histogram is calculated, accumulative histogram minimum gradation value hist is obtainedminAnd maximum gradation value histmax；
(3) resulting [hist is calculated according to step (2)min, histmax] in gray scale interval, histogram is weighted and is reset, it obtains new
Histogram；
(4) mapping threshold value is sought according to the histogram after step (3) resetting；
(5) segmenting carries out Histogram Mapping processing, obtains result；
(6) step (5) acquired results are shown.
2. a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the step of step (2) calculating accumulative histogram includes:
(21) frequency according to obtained in the statistics with histogram process of step (1)；
(22) give up point of the both ends gray-scale pixel values proportion less than 2% after counting；
(23) it obtains new grey scale pixel value and counts section；
(24) obtaining step (23) the section both ends numerical value histmin and histmax.
3. a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram according to claim 2,
Be characterized in that: the step (21) frequency is the number of gray level shared by each gray-scale pixels of present frame.
4. a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: step (4) the mapping threshold value includes Th1 and Th2.
5. a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: seeking threshold value described in step (4) includes, and it is big to find Frequency of gray levels institute accounting in step (3) described new histogram
In 30% main peak.
6. a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: step (5) segmenting carries out Histogram Mapping processing as respectively in [0, Th1] or [Th1, Th2] or [Thn-
1, Thn] segment carries out mapping processing.
7. a kind of uncooled ir thermal imagery self organizing maps method based on statistics with histogram according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: the calculation formula of mapping processing described in step (5) are as follows:
Wherein, Pixel_Data be current interval pixel value, Min_Pixel_Data be current interval section pixel minimum,
Max_Pixel_Data is the maximum value of current interval section pixel.
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| CN111182240A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-19 | 中北大学 | Temperature drift self-compensation method for image sensor |
| CN112819730A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-05-18 | 苏州微清医疗器械有限公司 | Image enhancement processing method and device and storage medium |
| CN112907477A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | Self-adaptive mapping algorithm and device for keeping infrared image target and background from being suppressed |
| CN113870153A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-31 | 华中科技大学 | Wide dynamic range infrared image real-time quantization FPGA implementation method, system and terminal |
| CN114998163A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Infrared digital image gray level mapping method |
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