CN109765423A - A kind of the contact net voltage digital measurement method and measuring device of band compensation - Google Patents
A kind of the contact net voltage digital measurement method and measuring device of band compensation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to contact net voltage digital measurement methods and measuring device that technical field of electrical measurement more particularly to a kind of band compensate, it is characterised in that: the measurement method are as follows: the pressure stabilizing value for the power supply unit that measurement is powered to single-chip microcontroller obtains pressure stabilizing error；It is configured based on logic level ST+ and ST- of the pressure stabilizing error to the compensation input port of single-chip microcontroller；It receives contact net voltage and removes and make an uproar, obtain output voltage；Single-chip microcontroller is that A/D reference voltage carries out A/D transformation acquisition A/D transformed value A to output voltage with the supply voltage of single-chip microcontroller；Single-chip microcontroller obtains offset B, offset B=A/100, offset B round numbers according to A/D transformed value A；Single-chip microcontroller obtains A/D transformed value A according to the logic level of compensation input port, A/D transformed value A and offset B and completes compensated voltage measuring value Y；Show the voltage measuring value Y of single-chip microcontroller output.The present invention inhibits noise, and compensating measurement errors improve measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the contact net voltage digital measurement methods that technical field of electrical measurement more particularly to a kind of band compensate
And measuring device.
Background technique
Locomotive power supply is direct current supply mode in rail traffic, i.e. contact net is powered, and principle is led provided by row
By step-down rectifier, the direct current for being converted into 1500V is transported on contact net 35KV high pressure, provides electrical source of power to locomotive；Locomotive
When operation, network pressure table real-time detection contact net voltage guarantees locomotive normal power supply and operation；Configuration of locomotives voltage transformer group
Part, rectifier stack and signal processing component obtain cable voltage parameter from contact net, after Signal Conversion & Processing, export number
Value is linear with cable voltage, meets industrial standard 0-10V voltage, and voltage signal is transported to network pressure table and realizes contact net electricity
Pressure measurement and display.
When locomotive operation, it is locomotive power supply that contact net, which provides about 10KA electric current, can generate powerful electromagnetic interference, influence net
Press table measurement accuracy；Secondly, network pressure table main control chip selects built-in A/D single-chip microcontroller, supply voltage is same with A/D reference voltage
Power supply, integrated regulator generates supply voltage error and directly generates A/D mapping fault, to cause network pressure table measurement error.
In consideration of it, providing the contact net voltage digital measuring device and survey of a kind of band compensation to overcome above-mentioned measurement error
Amount method becomes this field urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of contact net voltage digital measuring device and measuring method of band compensation, suppression
Noise processed, compensating measurement errors improve measurement accuracy.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of contact net voltage digital measurement of band compensation
Method, which is characterized in that the step of measurement method includes:
Step A: setting single-chip microcontroller compensates the logic level of input port, and the compensation input port includes that the first compensation is defeated
Inbound port and the second compensation input port, the method that setting single-chip microcontroller compensates input port logic level specifically:
Step A1: the pressure stabilizing value for the power supply unit that measurement is powered to single-chip microcontroller obtains pressure stabilizing error；
Step A2: logic level ST+ and ST- of the pressure stabilizing error based on power supply unit to the compensation input port of single-chip microcontroller
It is configured；If specifically: logic level ST+ and second compensation input of the pressure stabilizing error less than 1%, first compensation input port
The logic level ST- of port is disposed as high level；If pressure stabilizing error is+(1%~2%), the first compensation input port is patrolled
It collects level ST+ and is set as low level, the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port is set as high level；If pressure stabilizing error be-
(1%~2%), the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port are set as high level, the logic electricity of the second compensation input port
Flat ST- is set as low level；
Step B: it receives contact net voltage and removes and make an uproar, obtain output voltage；
Step C: single-chip microcontroller carries out A/D transformation and compensation to output voltage；Specifically:
Step C1: single-chip microcontroller is that A/D reference voltage carries out A/D transformation acquisition to output voltage with the supply voltage of single-chip microcontroller
A/D transformed value A；
Step C2: single-chip microcontroller obtains offset B, offset B=A/100, offset B round numbers according to A/D transformed value A；
Step C3: logic level, A/D transformed value A and the offset B that single-chip microcontroller compensates input port according to single-chip microcontroller are obtained
A/D transformed value A completes compensated voltage measuring value Y；If the compensation of logic level ST+ and second of the first compensation input port is defeated
The logic level ST- of inbound port is high level, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A；If the first compensation input port is patrolled
Collecting level ST+ is low level, and the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port is high level, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformation
Value A- offset B；If the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port is high level, the logic electricity of the second compensation input port
Flat ST- is low level, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A+ offset B；
Step D: the voltage measuring value Y of display single-chip microcontroller output.
By above scheme, in the step A2, single-chip microcontroller compensation input port is connected with compensation circuit, the compensation circuit
Including the first exclusion RA1 and compensation resistance；The compensation resistance includes the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6；First
The one end exclusion RA1 is connected to secondary pressure unit output end, and the first exclusion RA1 other end and the first compensation resistance R5 and second are mended
It repays resistance R6 to connect respectively, the other end ground connection of the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6；First exclusion
The intermediate contact of the compensation of RA1 and first resistance R5 is connected to the first compensation input port, the compensation resistance of the first exclusion RA1 and second
The intermediate contact of R6 is connected to the second compensation input port, realizes the control of short circuit with open circuit by connecting or disconnecting compensation resistance
System is configured to the logic level to compensation input port；If specifically: the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port
That is the logic level of the compensation resistance R5 intermediate contact of the first exclusion RA1 and first need to be set as high level, and the first compensation resistance R5 is opened
Road then disconnects the first compensation resistance R5；If logic level ST+ i.e. the first exclusion RA1 and first of the first compensation input port is mended
The logic level for repaying resistance R5 intermediate contact need to be set as low level, and the first compensation resistance R5 short circuit then connects the first compensation resistance
R5；If the logic of the compensation resistance R6 intermediate contact of logic level ST- i.e. the first exclusion RA1 and second of the second compensation input port
Level need to be set as high level, and the second compensation resistance R6 open circuit then disconnects the second compensation resistance R6；If the second compensation input port
The logic level of the compensation resistance R6 intermediate contact of logic level ST- i.e. the first exclusion RA1 and second need to be set as low level, and second mends
Resistance R6 short circuit is repaid, then connects the second compensation resistance R6.
By above scheme, following steps are additionally provided between the step B and step C: impedance matching is carried out to output voltage
And it filters and exports to single-chip microcontroller.
Such as the measurement method of the above-mentioned contact net voltage digital measuring device with compensation, the contact net provides for locomotive
Electrical source of power, the locomotive are equipped with direct current operative power source, it is characterised in that: the measuring device includes power supply unit, compensation
Setting unit, anti-interference and level conversion unit, single-chip microcontroller and display unit；Described anti-interference and level conversion unit and compensation
Setting unit is connected to the input terminal of the single-chip microcontroller, and the output end of the single-chip microcontroller connects display unit；
Said supply unit input terminal is connected to the direct current operative power source of locomotive, and power supply unit output end is connected to compensation and sets
Set the power input of unit, single-chip microcontroller and display unit；Said supply unit is used to carry out the direct current operative power source of locomotive
Pressure stabilizing simultaneously provides the supply voltage after pressure stabilizing to compensation setting unit, single-chip microcontroller and display unit；
The compensation setting unit includes digital multimeter and compensation circuit, and the compensation circuit is connected to the defeated of single-chip microcontroller
Enter end, the single-chip microcontroller is connected with the input terminal of compensation circuit as compensation input port；The compensation input port includes first
Compensate input port and the second compensation input port；The digital multimeter misses power supply unit pressure stabilizing for realizing in step A1
The measurement of difference, the compensation circuit set single-chip microcontroller compensation input port logic level ST+ and ST- for realizing in step A2
It sets；
Described anti-interference and level conversion unit input terminal is connected to contact net, and output end is connected to the input of single-chip microcontroller
End；Described anti-interference and level conversion unit is for realizing receiving contact net voltage and except making an uproar in step B, after obtaining output voltage
It is transmitted to single-chip microcontroller；
The single-chip microcontroller is stored with program, and described program converts for realizing A/D of the single-chip microcontroller in step C to output voltage
And compensation；
The input terminal of the display unit is connected to the output end of single-chip microcontroller, and the display unit is for realizing in step D
Display to voltage measuring value Y.
By above scheme, the measuring device further includes impedance matching and filter unit, and the impedance matching and filtering are single
Member be connected in series in it is anti-interference between level conversion unit and single-chip microcontroller for will be described anti-interference defeated with level conversion unit
Voltage out carries out impedance matching and filtering and outputs voltage signal to single-chip microcontroller；It is negative that impedance matching and filter unit improve output
Loading capability and the noise in output signal is further filtered out.
By above scheme, said supply unit includes DC-DC converting unit and secondary pressure unit, DC-DC converting unit
Input terminal is connected to the direct current operative power source of locomotive offer, DC-DC converting unit output end and secondary pressure unit input terminal phase
Even, DC-DC converting unit receives direct current operative power source and carries out voltage conversion to it, and the voltage after conversion passes through secondary pressure list
Member carries out pressure stabilizing and filtering, makes the voltage steady dc voltage of output；DC-DC converting unit output end also with impedance matching
Impedance matching is connected to filter unit power input and filter unit provides operating voltage, the output of secondary pressure unit and list
Piece electromechanical source input terminal, compensation setting unit power input, display unit power input are connected to single-chip microcontroller, compensation setting
Unit, display unit provide supply voltage；Secondary pressure unit includes integrated regulator U3, the model of integrated regulator U3
LM1117-5.0, integrated regulator U3 generate≤2% pressure stabilizing error.
By above scheme, setting of the compensation circuit for realizing step A2 to the logic level of compensation input port；
The compensation circuit includes the first exclusion RA1 and compensation resistance；The compensation resistance includes that the first compensation resistance R5 and second are mended
Repay resistance R6；First one end exclusion RA1 is connected to secondary pressure unit output end, the first exclusion RA1 other end and the first compensation
The compensation of resistance R5 and second resistance R6 connects respectively, another termination of the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6
Ground；
The intermediate contact of the compensation of the first exclusion RA1 and first resistance R5 is connected to the first compensation input port, and first
The intermediate contact of the compensation of exclusion RA1 and second resistance R6 is connected to the second compensation input port, by connecting or disconnecting compensation electricity
It hinders to realize control of the short circuit with open circuit to which the logic level to compensation input port is configured；
If disconnecting the first compensation resistance R5, the first compensation resistance R5 open circuit, the first exclusion RA1 and first is compensated in resistance R5
The logic level ST+ that the logic level of indirection point i.e. first compensates input port is high level；If connection the first compensation resistance R5,
First compensation resistance R5 short circuit, the compensation of logic level i.e. first of the first exclusion RA1 and the first compensation resistance R5 intermediate contact are defeated
The logic level ST+ of inbound port is low level；
If disconnecting the second compensation resistance R6, the second compensation resistance R6 open circuit, the first exclusion RA1 and second is compensated in resistance R6
The logic level ST- that the logic level of indirection point i.e. second compensates input port is high level；If connection the second compensation resistance R6,
Second compensation resistance R6 short circuit, the compensation of logic level i.e. second of the first exclusion RA1 and the second compensation resistance R6 intermediate contact are defeated
The logic level ST- of inbound port is low level.
By above scheme, described anti-interference and level conversion unit includes noise suppression circuit, level shifting circuit and pincers
Position circuit；The noise suppression circuit include two contact net sampling voltage inputs, common mode inductance L1, differential mode capacitor C1 and
C2, filter capacitor C3 and C4；The level shifting circuit includes divider resistance R1 and R2, and the clamp circuit includes two pole of pressure stabilizing
Pipe D1；
Differential mode noise in differential mode capacitor C1 and contact net sampling voltage input shunting inhibition contact net sampled voltage, altogether
Mould inductance L1 connects the differential mode noise inhibited in contact net sampled voltage with contact net sampling voltage input, and common mode inductance L1 is defeated
Outlet parallel connection differential mode capacitor C2 further suppresses the differential mode noise in contact net sampled voltage, the series connection point of common mode inductance L1 output end
Piezoresistance R1 and R2, divider resistance R1 and R2 is to the contact net sampled voltage progress level conversion after noise suppression；Divider resistance R1 and
The intermediate contact of R2 obtains output voltage, is grounded after divider resistance R2 is in parallel with zener diode D1 and filter capacitor C4 respectively,
Wherein, zener diode D1 positive ending grounding is used for clamper, and anti-stop signal is excessive；Section between common mode inductance L1 and divider resistance R1
It is grounded after point series filtering capacitor C3, filter capacitor C3 and C4 make the d. c. voltage signal of output more for filtering out alternating component
Steadily.
By above scheme, the impedance matching and filter unit include operational amplifier U1 and low-pass filter circuit；Operation
The intermediate contact that the noninverting input of amplifier U1 is connected to divider resistance R1 and R2 obtains anti-interference and level conversion unit
Output voltage, reverse input end is connected with output end is configured to buffer, completes impedance matching and improves output loading capability；Just
Power end is connected to DC-DC converting unit output end and obtains operating voltage, and positive power source terminal also connect and is grounded after ground capacity C5, negative
Power end ground connection；Low-pass filter circuit includes load resistance R3 and filter capacitor C6 for further filtering out noise in signal, is born
It carries the one end resistance R3 and is connected to operational amplifier U1 output end, for the other end for output voltage to single-chip microcontroller, load resistance R3 is defeated
It is grounded after voltage one end series filtering capacitor C6 out.
By above scheme, the display unit include be all connected to single-chip microcomputer output 4 Digital sum pipe LED and 4 open
Triode V1, V2, V3, V4 are closed, 4 switching transistors V1, V2, V3, V4 are connect with the 4 Digital sum pipe LED；Single-chip microcontroller connection
The output end for having 4 Digital sum pipe LED is the measuring signal delivery outlet of single-chip microcontroller, and measuring signal delivery outlet is for exporting single-chip microcontroller
Voltage measuring value Y, single-chip microcontroller are connected with the output end of 4 switching transistors V1, V2, V3, V4 and control for the single-chip microcontroller of single-chip microcontroller
Signal output, single-chip microcontroller are connected to 4 Digital sum pipe LED after controlling signal output tandem tap triode V1, V2, V3, V4
Whether the voltage measuring value Y for control single chip computer exports to 4 Digital sum pipe LED.
Compared with prior art, using the contact net voltage digital measurement method and survey with compensation of above-mentioned technical proposal
Device is measured, is had the following beneficial effects:
One, the present invention improves measurement accuracy, is mainly reflected in two aspects: on the one hand, anti-interference and level conversion list
Member and impedance matching and filter unit carry out noise suppression and filtering to contact net sampled voltage, complete impedance matching and improving load it is defeated
Output capacity keeps the voltage signal for inputting single-chip microcontroller more stable；On the other hand, because of the reference voltage that single-chip microcontroller is AD converted
For supply voltage, therefore, power supply unit provides supply voltage to single-chip microcontroller, and the pressure stabilizing error that power supply unit generates supply voltage is straight
Connecing, which influences single-chip microcontroller, occurs A/D mapping fault, and compensation setting unit measurement pressure stabilizing error simultaneously misses A/D transformation according to pressure stabilizing error
Difference compensates, and reduces measurement error；
Two, the present invention is AD converted and compensation data using singlechip chip, and structure is simple, reduces small product size, drop
Low product cost, brings good economic benefits to enterprise.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is measuring device of embodiment of the present invention overall structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of power supply unit in the present embodiment measuring device；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram that setting unit is compensated in the present embodiment measuring device；
Fig. 4 is the anti-interference circuit diagram with level conversion unit in the present embodiment measuring device；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the present embodiment measuring device middle impedance matching and filter unit；
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of single-chip microcontroller in the present embodiment measuring device；
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the second exclusion RA2 and third exclusion RA3 in display unit in the present embodiment measuring device；
Fig. 8 is the 4th exclusion RA4 and 4 switching transistor V1, V2 in display unit in the present embodiment measuring device, V3,
The circuit diagram of V4；
The circuit diagram that Fig. 9 is 4 Digital sum pipe LED in display unit in the present embodiment measuring device；
Figure 10 is the flow chart of measurement method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific implementation
Invention is further described in detail for example.
Embodiment one:
Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 is please referred to, the present embodiment is a kind of contact net voltage digital measuring device of band compensation, the measurement
Device includes power supply unit 1, compensation setting unit 2, anti-interference and level conversion unit 3, impedance matching and filter unit 4, list
Piece machine 5 and display unit 6；
It is carried on locomotive and is equipped with direct current operative power source, the measuring device in the embodiment of the present invention is by the DC operation on locomotive
Power supply power supply.
1 input terminal of power supply unit is connected to the direct current operative power source of locomotive, and 1 output end of power supply unit is connected to compensation setting
Unit 2, impedance matching and filter unit 4, single-chip microcontroller 5 and display unit 6 power input；Power supply unit 1 is used for coming from
The DC power supply of locomotive carries out pressure stabilizing and to compensation setting unit 2, impedance matching and filter unit 4, single-chip microcontroller 5 and display unit
6 provide the supply voltage after pressure stabilizing；Contact net sampled voltage signal is connected with anti-interference with 3 input terminal of level conversion unit, resists
Interference is connected to impedance matching and 4 input terminal of filter unit, impedance matching and filter unit 4 with 3 output end of level conversion unit
Output end is connected with 5 input terminal of single-chip microcontroller, compensation setting unit 2 be connected with 5 input terminal of single-chip microcontroller, 5 output end of single-chip microcontroller with show
Show that 6 input terminal of unit is connected.
Referring to Fig.2, power supply unit 1 includes DC-DC converting unit 101 and secondary pressure unit 102, and in the present embodiment, DC-
DC converting unit 101 is the DC-DC converter using TOP222Y chip, and type is flyback switching converter；Secondary pressure
Unit 102 includes the instruction electricity of integrated regulator U3, filter capacitor C20 and C21 and light emitting diode D7 and resistance R14 composition
Road；Wherein, integrated regulator U3 can generate≤2% pressure stabilizing error during pressure stabilizing, and pressure stabilizing error=(measured value-is true
Real value)/true value, the model LM1117-5.0 of integrated regulator U3；Integrated regulator U3 input terminal is connected to DC-DC conversion
Device output end, integrated regulator U3 output end output supply voltage VCC, integrated regulator U3 output end series filtering capacitor C20
After be grounded, be grounded after integrated regulator U3 output end series filtering capacitor C21, integrated regulator U3 output end is sequentially connected in series luminous
It is grounded after diode D7 and resistance R14；101 input terminal of DC-DC converting unit inputs the 110VDC DC power supply of locomotive offer simultaneously
It carries out voltage and is converted to 7VDC, 101 output end of DC-DC converting unit is connected i.e. with 102 input terminal of secondary pressure unit by 7VDC
Voltage is converted into 5V by the integrated regulator U3 in secondary pressure unit 102 and is reduced by filter capacitor C20 and C21 filtering
Power supply noise finally obtains stable 5V supply voltage；DC-DC converting unit 101 output also with impedance matching and filter unit 4
Power input is connected to impedance matching and filter unit 4 provides 7V operating voltage, integrated regulator U3 output and 5 electricity of single-chip microcontroller
Source input terminal, compensation 2 power input of setting unit, 6 power input of display unit are connected to single-chip microcontroller 5, compensation setting list
Member 2 and display unit 6 provide the supply voltage VCC of 5V.
In conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, compensating setting unit 2 includes digital multimeter and compensation circuit, and compensation circuit is connected to monolithic
The input terminal of machine 5, single-chip microcontroller 5 are connected with the input terminal of compensation circuit as compensation input port；The compensation input port of single-chip microcontroller 5
Including the first compensation input port P0.0 and the second compensation input port P0.1；Digital multimeter is for measuring power supply unit 1
Pressure stabilizing error；Compensation circuit is for the pressure stabilizing error based on power supply unit 1 to the logic level of the compensation input port of single-chip microcontroller 5
ST+ and ST- are configured；If pressure stabilizing error is mended less than the logic level ST+ and second of 1%, first compensation input port P0.0
The logic level ST- for repaying input port P0.1 is high level；If pressure stabilizing error is+(1%~2%), the first compensation input terminal
The logic level ST+ of mouth P0.0 is low level, and the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port P0.1 is high level；If pressure stabilizing
Error is-(1%~2%), and the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port P0.0 is high level, the second compensation input port
The logic level ST- of P0.1 is low level；
Compensation circuit includes the first exclusion RA1 and compensation resistance；Compensating resistance includes that the first compensation resistance R5 and second are mended
Repay resistance R6；The integrated regulator U3 output end that first one end exclusion RA1 is connected to power supply unit 1 obtains 5V supply voltage VCC,
The first exclusion RA1 other end is connected respectively with the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6, the first compensation resistance R5
With the other end ground connection of the second compensation resistance R6；
Refering to Fig. 6, the intermediate contact of the compensation of the first exclusion RA1 and first resistance R5 is connected to the first compensation input port
The intermediate contact of P0.0, the first exclusion RA1 and the second compensation resistance R6 are connected to the second compensation input port P0.1, the first compensation
The logic level of the compensation resistance R5 intermediate contact of the logic level ST+ of input port P0.0 i.e. the first exclusion RA1 and first, second
Compensate the logic level of the compensation resistance R6 intermediate contact of logic level ST- i.e. the first exclusion RA1 and second of input port P0.1；
Realize control of the short circuit with open circuit to compensate input terminal to single-chip microcontroller 5 by connecting or disconnecting compensation resistance R5 and/or R6
The logic level ST+ and ST- of mouth P0.0 and P0.1 is configured, and in the present embodiment, high level is indicated with 1, and low level is with 0 table
Show, the resistance value of the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6 are 0 Ω, and the resistance value of the first exclusion RA1 is 4.7K Ω；Pass through
Welding realizes that short circuit is controlled with open circuit with R5, R6 of 0 Ω resistance value is not welded；In the present embodiment, if the first compensation resistance R5 connects
Enter, the first compensation resistance R5 short circuit, logic level i.e. that R5=0, the first exclusion RA1 compensate resistance R5 intermediate contact with first
The logic level ST+ of one compensation input port is low level, ST+=0；First compensation resistance R5 is disconnected, the first compensation resistance R5
The logic level i.e. first of open circuit, R5=∞, the first exclusion RA1 and the first compensation resistance R5 intermediate contact compensates input port
Logic level ST+ is high level, ST+=1；Similarly, the second compensation resistance R6 access, R6=0, ST-=0；Second compensation resistance
R6 is disconnected, R6=∞, ST-=1.
Therefore, the logic level of compensation input port is set according to the pressure stabilizing error of digital multimeter measurement: if pressure stabilizing
The logic level of logic level ST+ and second compensation input port P0.1 of the error less than 1%, first compensation input port P0.0
ST- is high level, i.e. ST+=1, ST-=1；If pressure stabilizing error is+(1%~2%), the first compensation input port P0.0's
Logic level ST+ is low level, and the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port P0.1 is high level, i.e. ST+=0, ST-=
1；If pressure stabilizing error is-(1%~2%), the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port P0.0 is high level, the second compensation
The logic level ST- of input port P0.1 is low level, i.e. ST+=1, ST-=0.
It is anti-interference to make an uproar with level conversion unit 3 for receiving contact net voltage and removing refering to Fig. 4, after obtaining output voltage
It is transmitted to impedance matching and filter unit 4, it is anti-interference to be connected to contact net, output end connection with 3 input terminal of level conversion unit
In impedance matching and 4 input terminal of filter unit；It is anti-interference to include noise suppression circuit, level conversion electricity with level conversion unit 3
Road and clamp circuit；Noise suppression circuit includes two contact net sampling voltage inputs, common mode inductance L1, two differential mode capacitors
C1 and C2, two filter capacitors C3 and C4；Contact net sampling voltage input is two and is respectively used to input 0-10V+ and 0-
10V- contact net sampled voltage signal；Differential mode capacitor C1 and contact net sampling voltage input shunting inhibition differential mode noise, common mode
Inductance L1 connects with contact net sampling voltage input inhibits common-mode noise, common mode inductance L1 output end parallel connection differential mode capacitor C2 suppression
Differential mode noise processed；Level shifting circuit includes divider resistance R1 and R2, the series connection of common mode inductance L1 output end divider resistance R1 and R2
Realize partial pressure, divider resistance R1 and R2 intermediate contact obtains 0-5V output voltage；Divider resistance R2 respectively with zener diode D1
It is grounded with after filter capacitor C4 parallel connection, is grounded after the node series filtering capacitor C3 between common mode inductance L1 and divider resistance R1,
Filter capacitor C3 and C4 are for filtering, further noise suppression；Clamp circuit includes zener diode D1, and zener diode D1 is just terminated
Ground plays clamping action to signal, and anti-stop signal is excessive；Wherein, differential mode capacitor C1 and C2 and filter capacitor C3 and C4 are
0.1uF, the resistance value of divider resistance R1 and R2 are 1K Ω ± 1%, constitute accurate bleeder circuit；The model of zener diode D1
1N4735。
In conjunction with Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, impedance matching and filter unit 4 are used to receive the anti-interference electricity exported with level conversion unit 3
It presses and further removes and make an uproar, be transmitted to single-chip microcontroller 5 after obtaining output voltage, impedance matching is connected to anti-with 4 input terminal of filter unit
Interference and 3 output end of level conversion unit, impedance matching and 4 output end of filter unit are connected to 5 input terminal P1.6 of single-chip microcontroller；Resistance
Anti- matching includes operational amplifier U1 and low-pass filter circuit with filter unit 4；1 foot of noninverting input of operational amplifier U1 connects
It is connected to divider resistance R1 and R2 intermediate contact and obtains anti-interference and level conversion unit 3 0-5V output voltage, reverse input end 3
Foot is connected with 4 foot of output end is configured to buffer, and it is negative-feedback connection that 4 foot of output end, which is connected to 3 foot of reverse input end, in negative-feedback
When connection, 1 foot voltage of non-inverting input terminal is identical as 3 foot voltage of reverse input end, due in this connection, output voltage=reversed
Input terminal voltage, backward voltage=non-inverting input terminal voltage；So output voltage=non-inverting input terminal voltage, i.e. voltage follow；
For the input voltage of voltage follow as output voltage size and phase, input impedance is very big, and output impedance very little can be regarded as
It is the circuit of an impedance transformation, to complete impedance matching and improve output loading capability；5 foot of positive power source terminal is connected to power supply
The DC-DC converter output end of unit 1 obtains 7V operating voltage, and positive power source terminal 5 is also connected and is grounded after ground capacity C5, negative supply
2 feet are held to be grounded；The model LM321 that operational amplifier U3 is used；Low-pass filter circuit includes load resistance R3 and filter capacitor
The one end C6, load resistance R3 is connected to 4 foot of operational amplifier U1 output end, and the other end is for exporting filtered voltage to monolithic
The output voltage signal port port P1.6, that is, AD of machine 5 is grounded after the series filtering capacitor C6 of load resistance R3 output voltage one end.
Single-chip microcontroller 5 is stored with program, and described program is used to the supply voltage VCC of single-chip microcontroller 5 be A/D reference voltage to resistance
The output voltage of anti-matching and filter unit 4 carries out A/D transformation and obtains A/D transformed value A, obtains offset according to A/D transformed value A
B；A/D transformed value A, which is obtained, according to logic level, A/D transformed value A and the offset B that single-chip microcontroller 5 compensates input port completes compensation
Voltage measuring value Y afterwards；If the logic level of the compensation input port of logic level ST+ and second of the first compensation input port
ST- be high level i.e. ST+=1, ST-=1 when, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A；If the first compensation input port is patrolled
Collecting level ST+ is low level, when the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port is high level, i.e. ST+=0, ST-=1, electricity
Press measured value Y=A/D transformed value A- offset B；If the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port is high level, second is mended
When the logic level ST- for repaying input port is low level, i.e. ST+=1, ST-=0, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A+ is mended
Repay value B；Wherein, offset B=A/100, offset B round numbers；In the present embodiment, the model of single-chip microcontroller U2 use
STC12C5604_L32。
In conjunction with Fig. 6 and Figure 10, display unit 6 is used to show that the voltage measuring value that single-chip microcontroller 5 exports, display unit 6 to include
Second exclusion RA2, third exclusion RA3, the 4th exclusion RA4,4 Digital sum pipe LED and 4 switching transistors V1, V2, V3, V4；It is single
Piece machine U2 is connected to 4 Digital sum pipe LED by the second exclusion RA2 and third exclusion RA3, and single-chip microcontroller 5 is connected with the second exclusion RA2
Output end with third exclusion RA3 is the measuring signal delivery outlet of single-chip microcontroller 5, and single-chip microcontroller U2 passes through the 4th exclusion RA4 connection 4
4 Digital sum pipe LED are connected to after switching transistor V1, V2, V3, V4, the output end that single-chip microcontroller 5 is connected with the 4th exclusion RA4 is
Control signal output；Measuring signal delivery outlet A, B, C, D, E, F and G of single-chip microcontroller U2 and the second exclusion RA2 and third exclusion
A, B, C, D, E, F and G input terminal of RA3 is correspondingly connected with, A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1 of the second exclusion RA2 and third exclusion RA3
It is correspondingly connected with, that is, measures with measuring signal input port A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1 and G1 of G1 output end and 4 Digital sum pipe LED
Signal is connected with each pen section pin in 4 Digital sum pipe LED respectively by the second exclusion RA2 and third exclusion RA3, aobvious for exporting
Show the numerical value in 4 Digital sum pipe LED；The collector of switching transistor V1, V2, V3, V4 are respectively connected to 4 Digital sum pipe LED's
Signal input LED1, LED2, LED3 and LED4 are controlled, the emitter of switching transistor V1, V2, V3, V4 are connected to integrated steady
Depressor U3 output end obtains 5V supply voltage VCC, and the base stage of switching transistor V1, V2, V3, V4 are corresponding by the 4th exclusion RA4
It is connected to control signal output PL1, PL2, PL3 and PL4 of single-chip microcontroller U2, single-chip microcontroller U2 output control Signal-controlled switch three
Whether pole pipe V1, V2, V3, V4 are connected to which whether 4 Digital sum pipe LED of control show that the measuring signal that single-chip microcontroller U2 is sent is i.e. electric
Press measured value；Wherein, the second exclusion RA2, third exclusion RA3 and the 4th exclusion RA4 play metering function, the second exclusion RA2 and
The resistance value of third exclusion RA3 is 470 Ω, the resistance value 4.7K Ω of the 4th exclusion RA4, the type of switching transistor V1, V2, V3, V4
Number it is the model LG8041BH of 9012,4 Digital sum pipe LED, constitutes maximum display " 9999 ".
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is a kind of measurement method of contact net voltage digital measurement with compensation as described in embodiment one；Ginseng
Read Figure 10, the implementation steps of the present embodiment measurement method are as follows:
110VDC direct current operative power source from locomotive is converted to 7VDC by the DC-DC converter of power supply unit 1, is operation
Amplifier U1 provide 7V operating voltage, while input integrated regulator U3 carry out pressure stabilizing, integrated regulator U3 to single-chip microcontroller 5,
It compensates setting unit 2 and display unit 6 provides the 5V supply voltage VCC after pressure stabilizing；Integrated regulator U3 meeting in power supply unit 1
≤ 2% pressure stabilizing error is generated, 5V supply voltage VCC virtual voltage range is 4.9V~5.1V；
Step A: compensation setting unit 2 be arranged single-chip microcontroller 5 compensate input port P0.0 and P0.1 logic level ST+ and
ST-, specifically:
Step A1: digital multimeter measures the pressure stabilizing value of power supply unit 1, obtains pressure stabilizing error；Pressure stabilizing error=(measurement
Value-true value)/true value, wherein the measured value, that is, above-mentioned pressure stabilizing value measured with digital multimeter, true value are powered single
It is an accurate fixed value if numerical value when first pressure stabilizing is without error, in the present embodiment, true value 5V.
Step A2: compensation circuit compensates input port P0.0 and P0.1 to single-chip microcontroller 5 based on the pressure stabilizing error of power supply unit 1
Logic level ST+ and ST- be configured；Specifically: if the pressure stabilizing error of measurement disconnects the first compensation electricity less than 1%
The compensation resistance R6 of R5 and second is hindered, the logic level ST+=1, ST-=1 that compensate input port are made；If the pressure stabilizing error of measurement is
+ (1%~2%) then accesses the first compensation resistance R5, disconnects the second compensation resistance R6, makes ST+=0, ST-=1；If measurement
Pressure stabilizing error is-(1%~2%), then disconnects the first compensation resistance R5, and access the second compensation resistance R6 makes ST+=1, ST-=
0；
Step B: it is anti-interference with the reception contact net voltage of level conversion unit 3 and except making an uproar, obtain output voltage；Impedance matching
The anti-interference voltage exported with level conversion unit 3 is subjected to impedance matching and filtering and output voltage with filter unit 4
To single-chip microcontroller 5；
Step C: single-chip microcontroller 5 carries out A/D transformation and compensation to output voltage；Specifically:
Step C1: single-chip microcontroller 5 is that A/D reference voltage carries out A/D change to output voltage with the supply voltage VCC of single-chip microcontroller 5
It changes and obtains A/D transformed value A；
Step C2: single-chip microcontroller 5 obtains offset B, offset B=A/100, offset B round numbers according to A/D transformed value A；
Step C3: single-chip microcontroller 5 according to single-chip microcontroller 5 compensate input port logic level ST+ and ST-, A/D transformed value A and
Offset B obtains A/D transformed value A and completes compensated voltage measuring value Y；If specifically: measurement pressure stabilizing error less than 1%,
The logic level ST- of the compensation input port of logic level ST+ and second of first compensation input port of single-chip microcontroller 5 is high electricity
It puts down, i.e. ST+=1, ST-=1, without compensation, voltage measuring value Y=AD transformed value A；If measurement pressure stabilizing error be+(1%~
2%), the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port is low level, and the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port is height
Level, i.e. ST+=0, ST-=1, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A- offset B；If the pressure stabilizing error of measurement is-(1%
~2%), the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port is high level, and the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port is
Low level, i.e. ST+=1, ST-=0, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A+ offset B；
Step D: display unit 6 shows the voltage measuring value Y that single-chip microcontroller 5 exports.
Further, single-chip microcontroller 5 compensates the logic level ST+ and ST-, A/D transformed value A, offset B and electricity of input port
Press the relationship between measured value Y as shown in the table:
Integrated regulator U3 pressure stabilizing value first is measured with multimeter, 5V virtual voltage range is 4.9V~5.1V, obtains pressure stabilizing
Error, pressure stabilizing error≤1% meet technical requirement on design without compensation；If error is between 1%-2%, need to compensate elimination
Error, offset B=A/100, round numbers；
Specifically, pressure stabilizing error is at+(1%~2%), A/D transformed value A is between 5.05~5.1V, ST+=0 at this time,
ST-=1, if A/D transformed value A is 5.1V, i.e. offset B is A/100=0.051V, voltage measuring value Y=A-B=5.1-
0.051=5.049V；Pressure stabilizing error is at-(1%~2%), and A/D transformed value A is between 4.9~4.95V, ST+=1, ST- at this time
=0, if A/D transformed value A is 4.9V, i.e. offset B is A/100=0.049V, voltage measuring value Y=A+B=4.9+0.049=
4.949V。
Single-chip microcontroller U2 be network pressure table core component, according to 1% measurement accuracy of network pressure table require, use it is anti-interference with it is electric
Flat converting unit 3 and impedance matching and filter unit 4 have carried out noise suppression and filtering to contact net sampled voltage signal, and output is stablized
Voltage signal；Meanwhile the present invention by compensation setting unit 2 to 2 compensation input port logic levels of single-chip microcontroller U2 into
Row setting, single-chip microcontroller U2 does " transformed value/100 AD " operation and round numbers obtains offset, is patrolled according to setting compensation input port
The difference of level is collected, AD transformed value, by adding, subtracting or take 0 to be compensated, meets the final survey of measuring device with gained offset
Measure error≤1% technical requirements.
The above content is specific embodiment is combined, further detailed description of the invention, and it cannot be said that this hair
Bright specific implementation is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, it is not taking off
Under the premise of from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to protection of the invention
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of contact net voltage digital measurement method of band compensation, which is characterized in that the step of measurement method includes:
Step A: setting single-chip microcontroller (5) compensates the logic level of input port, and the compensation input port includes that the first compensation is defeated
Inbound port and the second compensation input port, the method that setting single-chip microcontroller (5) compensates input port logic level specifically:
Step A1: the pressure stabilizing value for the power supply unit (1) that measurement is powered to single-chip microcontroller obtains pressure stabilizing error；
Step A2: based on power supply unit (1) pressure stabilizing error to single-chip microcontroller (5) compensation input port logic level ST+ and
ST- is configured；If specifically: logic level ST+ and second compensation of the pressure stabilizing error less than 1%, first compensation input port
The logic level ST- of input port is disposed as high level；If pressure stabilizing error is+(1%~2%), the first compensation input port
Logic level ST+ be set as low level, the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port is set as high level；If pressure stabilizing misses
Difference is-(1%~2%), and the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port is set as high level, the second compensation input port
Logic level ST- is set as low level；
Step B: it receives contact net voltage and removes and make an uproar, obtain output voltage；
Step C: single-chip microcontroller (5) carries out A/D transformation and compensation to output voltage；Specifically:
Step C1: single-chip microcontroller (5) is that A/D reference voltage obtains output voltage progress A/D transformation with the supply voltage of single-chip microcontroller (5)
Obtain A/D transformed value A；
Step C2: single-chip microcontroller (5) obtains offset B, offset B=A/100, offset B round numbers according to A/D transformed value A；
Step C3: single-chip microcontroller (5) is obtained according to logic level, A/D transformed value A and the offset B that single-chip microcontroller (5) compensate input port
It obtains A/D transformed value A and completes compensated voltage measuring value Y；If the compensation of logic level ST+ and second of the first compensation input port
The logic level ST- of input port is high level, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A；If the first compensation input port
Logic level ST+ is low level, and the logic level ST- of the second compensation input port is high level, and voltage measuring value Y=A/D becomes
Change value A- offset B；If the logic level ST+ of the first compensation input port is high level, the logic of the second compensation input port
Level ST- is low level, voltage measuring value Y=A/D transformed value A+ offset B；
Step D: the voltage measuring value Y of display single-chip microcontroller (5) output.
2. the contact net voltage digital measurement method of band compensation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step A2
In, single-chip microcontroller (5) compensation input port is connected with compensation circuit, and the compensation circuit includes the first exclusion RA1 and compensation resistance；
The compensation resistance includes the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6；First one end exclusion RA1 is connected to secondary pressure
Unit (102) output end, the first exclusion RA1 other end are connected respectively with the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6, institute
State the other end ground connection of the compensation of the first compensation resistance R5 and second resistance R6；The compensation of the first exclusion RA1 and first resistance R5
Intermediate contact be connected to the first compensation input port, the intermediate contact of the compensation of the first exclusion RA1 and second resistance R6 is connected to
Second compensation input port realizes control of the short circuit with open circuit to compensation input terminal by connecting or disconnecting compensation resistance
The logic level of mouth is configured；Specifically:
If first logic level ST+ i.e. the first exclusion RA1 of compensation input port and patrolling for the first compensation resistance R5 intermediate contact
High level need to be set as by collecting level, and the first compensation resistance R5 open circuit then disconnects the first compensation resistance R5；If the first compensation input port
The logic level of the compensation resistance R5 intermediate contact of logic level ST+ i.e. the first exclusion RA1 and first need to be set as low level, first
Resistance R5 short circuit is compensated, then connects the first compensation resistance R5；
If second logic level ST- i.e. the first exclusion RA1 of compensation input port and patrolling for the second compensation resistance R6 intermediate contact
High level need to be set as by collecting level, and the second compensation resistance R6 open circuit then disconnects the second compensation resistance R6；If the second compensation input port
The logic level of the compensation resistance R6 intermediate contact of logic level ST- i.e. the first exclusion RA1 and second need to be set as low level, second
Resistance R6 short circuit is compensated, then connects the second compensation resistance R6.
3. the contact net voltage digital measurement method of band compensation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step B
Following steps are additionally provided between step C: impedance matching and filtering being carried out to output voltage and exported to single-chip microcontroller (5).
4. the measuring device of the contact net voltage digital measurement method of the described in any item band compensation of claim 1-3, described to connect
Touching net is that locomotive provides electrical source of power, and the locomotive is equipped with direct current operative power source, it is characterised in that: the measuring device includes
Power supply unit (1), compensation setting unit (2), anti-interference and level conversion unit (3), single-chip microcontroller (5) and display unit (6)；Institute
State the anti-interference input terminal that the single-chip microcontroller (5) are connected to level conversion unit (3) and compensation setting unit (2), the list
The output end of piece machine (5) connects display unit (6)；
Said supply unit (1) input terminal is connected to the direct current operative power source of locomotive, and power supply unit (1) output end is connected to compensation
The power input of setting unit (2), single-chip microcontroller (5) and display unit (6)；Said supply unit (1) is used for the straight of locomotive
Operation power is flowed to carry out pressure stabilizing and provide the power supply after pressure stabilizing to compensation setting unit (2), single-chip microcontroller (5) and display unit (6)
Voltage；
The compensation setting unit (2) includes digital multimeter and compensation circuit, and the compensation circuit is connected to single-chip microcontroller (5)
Input terminal, the single-chip microcontroller (5) are connected with the input terminal of compensation circuit as compensation input port；The compensation input port includes
First compensation input port and the second compensation input port；The digital multimeter for realizing in step A1 to power supply unit
(1) measurement of pressure stabilizing error, the compensation circuit compensate input port logic level to single-chip microcontroller (5) for realizing in step A2
The setting of ST+ and ST-；
Described anti-interference and level conversion unit (3) input terminal is connected to contact net, and output end is connected to the input of single-chip microcontroller (5)
End；It is described it is anti-interference with level conversion unit (3) for realizing contact net voltage is received in step B and except making an uproar, obtain output electricity
The step of single-chip microcontroller (5) are transmitted to after pressure；
The single-chip microcontroller (5) is stored with program, and described program becomes for realizing A/D of the single-chip microcontroller (5) in step C to output voltage
It changes and compensates；
The input terminal of the display unit (6) is connected to the output end of single-chip microcontroller (5), and the display unit (6) is for realizing step
Display in rapid D to voltage measuring value Y.
5. the contact net voltage digital measuring device of band compensation according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the measurement dress
Setting further includes impedance matching and filter unit (4), and the impedance matching and filter unit (4) are connected in series in anti-interference and level
Between converting unit (3) and single-chip microcontroller (5).
6. the contact net voltage digital measuring device of band compensation according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the power supply is single
First (1) includes DC-DC converting unit (101) and secondary pressure unit (102), and DC-DC converting unit (101) input terminal is connected to
The direct current operative power source of locomotive, DC-DC converting unit (101) output end are connected with secondary pressure unit (102) input terminal；DC-
DC converting unit (101) output end is also connected with the impedance matching with the power input of filter unit (4), secondary pressure list
First (102) output end and single-chip microcontroller (5) power input, compensation setting unit (2) power input, display unit (6) power supply
Input terminal is connected.
7. the contact net voltage digital measuring device of band compensation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the compensation electricity
Road for realizing step A2 to compensation input port logic level setting, the compensation circuit include the first exclusion RA1 and
Compensate resistance；The compensation resistance includes the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6；First one end exclusion RA1 is connected to
Secondary pressure unit (102) output end, the first exclusion RA1 other end and the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6 difference
Series connection, the other end ground connection of the first compensation resistance R5 and the second compensation resistance R6；The compensation of the first exclusion RA1 and first
The intermediate contact of resistance R5 is connected to the first compensation input port, the intermediate contact of the compensation of the first exclusion RA1 and second resistance R6
It is connected to the second compensation input port.
8. the contact net voltage digital measuring device of band compensation according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described anti-interference
It include noise suppression circuit, level shifting circuit and clamp circuit with level conversion unit (3)；The noise suppression circuit includes
Two contact net sampling voltage inputs, common mode inductance L1, differential mode capacitor C1 and C2, filter capacitor C3 and C4；The level turns
Changing circuit includes divider resistance R1 and R2, and the clamp circuit includes zener diode D1；
Differential mode capacitor C1 is in parallel with contact net sampling voltage input, common mode inductance L1 and contact net sampling voltage input string
Connection, common mode inductance L1 output end parallel connection differential mode capacitor C2, common mode inductance L1 output end series connection divider resistance R1 and R2, divider resistance
The intermediate contact of R1 and R2 obtains output voltage, divider resistance R2 respectively with zener diode D1 and filter capacitor C4 is in parallel is followed by
Ground, wherein zener diode D1 positive ending grounding；After node series filtering capacitor C3 between common mode inductance L1 and divider resistance R1
Ground connection.
9. the contact net voltage digital measuring device of band compensation according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the impedance
With including operational amplifier U1 and low-pass filter circuit with filter unit (4)；The noninverting input of operational amplifier U1 is connected to
The intermediate contact of divider resistance R1 and R2 obtain it is anti-interference with level conversion unit (3) output voltages, reverse input end with it is defeated
Outlet, which is connected, is configured to buffer, and positive power source terminal is connected to DC-DC converting unit (101) output end and obtains operating voltage, positive electricity
Source is also connected and is grounded after ground capacity C5, negative power end ground connection；Low-pass filter circuit includes load resistance R3 and filter capacitor
The one end C6, load resistance R3 is connected to operational amplifier U1 output end, and the other end is for output voltage to single-chip microcontroller (5), load
It is grounded after the series filtering capacitor C6 of resistance R3 output voltage one end.
10. the contact net voltage digital measuring device of band compensation according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the display
Unit (6) includes the 4 Digital sum pipe LED and 4 switching transistor V1, V2, V3, V4 for being all connected to single-chip microcontroller (5) output end, and 4
A switching transistor V1, V2, V3, V4 are connect with the 4 Digital sum pipe LED；Single-chip microcontroller (5) is connected with the defeated of 4 Digital sum pipe LED
Outlet is the measuring signal delivery outlet of single-chip microcontroller, and measuring signal delivery outlet is used for output voltage measured value Y, single-chip microcontroller (5) connection
The output end for having 4 switching transistors V1, V2, V3, V4 is the control signal output of single-chip microcontroller.
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