CN109763892A - It is a kind of to start the speed limiting clutch on opportunity for controlling air inlet turbine and exhaust driven gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of for controlling the speed limiting clutch of air inlet turbine and exhaust driven gas turbine starting opportunity, belongs to automobile technical field.Fuel engines includes cylinder body, is slidably connected at the intracorporal piston of cylinder and the crankshaft with piston hinge, it is characterized in that, this fuel engines includes the air inlet discrimination hole being provided on cylinder body and exhaust qi hole, a plenum axis and an air-discharging and supercharging axis are rotatably connected on cylinder body, it is respectively connected with a pressure gear on plenum axis and air-discharging and supercharging axis, is provided with air inlet turbine on plenum axis；Exhaust driven gas turbine is provided on air-discharging and supercharging axis；It is provided with a speed limiting clutch between plenum axis and pressure gear, between air-discharging and supercharging axis and pressure gear, can be only driven to rotate after plenum axis and air-discharging and supercharging axis revolving speed reach certain value.The present invention has many advantages, such as can adapt to low engine speed without being pressurized.

Description

It is a kind of to start the speed limiting clutch on opportunity for controlling air inlet turbine and exhaust driven gas turbine

Technical field

The invention belongs to automobile technical fields, are related to a kind of for controlling the limit of air inlet turbine and exhaust driven gas turbine starting opportunity Speed clutch.

Background technique

Fuel engines is widely used on the transit equipments such as automobile, and those skilled in the art are known: fuel engines is (special Not petrol engine) fuel supply volume according near atomizer air inflow determine, air inflow is big, the torque of engine Increase, uses turbo charged mode at the appropriate time in the prior art or full working scope promotes admission pressure, to increase Big engine torque, turbocharger use exhausting waste gas pressure for power source, the exhaust gas turbine being arranged at waste gas exhaust pipe Air inlet turbine connecting shaft with being arranged at inlet manifold, makes its synchronization, makes air inlet using exhaust gas pressure driving air inlet turbine rotation Admission pressure increases at manifold, although this way technology maturation, also brings certain side effect and defect, such as exhaust gas Exhaust resistance increase, cause exhausting waste gas to be not thorough, the residual of exhaust gas in the combustion chamber is more, burn indoor air-intake negative-pressure by It influences, combustion residue is more, and carbon distribution is more, although the thorough burning that exhaust gas recycling is conducive to dyestuff still passes through increase The mode of exhaust resistance is apparently not ideal structure, because it influences exhaust gas discharge frequency and makees to the back pressure of exhaust valve With, moreover, generally high engine speeds Operation Conditions when turbocharger acts on, exhaust gas recycles under the operating condition necessity compared with It is low；High exhaust temperatures are high to the connecting shaft rotating requires between exhaust gas turbine and air inlet turbine, keep turbocharger cost high, and Service life is shorter.

Existing conventional engine by the way of exhaust valve, inlet valve to combustion chamber and exhaust manifold and inlet manifold into In the ranks having a rest property alternate communication and cut-off, between valve and cylinder body tap frequency it is very big, and tap during caused by wear and can change Become bags size and influence air-tightness, valve blow-by is the routinely failure of engine in use for some time, combustion Burning room high temperature influences the reliable service life of valve lubrication and valve, this is also the defect and disadvantage of current conventional engine.

Based on this, the drawbacks of the application aims to solve the problem that the defect and available engine of said one or multiple prior arts.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind for control air inlet turbine and Exhaust driven gas turbine starts the speed limiting clutch on opportunity, and the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to pass through clutch control air inlet turbine With the starting opportunity of exhaust driven gas turbine.

Object of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: one kind is used to control air inlet turbine and exhaust driven gas turbine opens The speed limiting clutch on dynamic opportunity, fuel engines include cylinder body, are slidably connected at the intracorporal piston of cylinder and the song with piston hinge Axis, which is characterized in that this fuel engines includes the air inlet discrimination hole being provided on cylinder body and exhaust qi hole, is rotated on the cylinder body It is connected with a plenum axis and an air-discharging and supercharging axis, is respectively connected with a supercharging tooth on the plenum axis and air-discharging and supercharging axis It takes turns, is provided with air inlet turbine on the plenum axis；Exhaust driven gas turbine is provided on the air-discharging and supercharging axis；

Be provided between the plenum axis and pressure gear, between air-discharging and supercharging axis and pressure gear a speed limit from Clutch, the speed limiting clutch include with plenum axis be connected inner ring, be set in outside inner ring and with inner ring be connected type frame, The limit sleeve being set in outside type frame, the interior clutch ring being rotatably connected on outside limit sleeve and the outer clutch being set in outside interior clutch ring Circle, the type frame lateral wall have several limit notch, are rotatably connected to transmission roller, the interior clutch in the limit notch It radially slidably connects on circle and is led with the transmission one-to-one mounting rack of roller, the mounting rack including a pin shaft and two To axis, it is rotatably connected to the limit roller being fastened between two transmission rollers on the pin shaft, is opened up on the interior clutch ring There is pilot hole corresponding with guiding axis, the guiding axis is slidably connected in pilot hole along inner ring radial line direction, and the pin shaft is solid It is scheduled between the inner end of two guiding axis, is fixedly connected with a bonding pad between the outer end of two guiding axis of same mounting rack, The bonding pad can be resisted against on the inner wall of outer clutch ring, be connected between the guiding axis and interior clutch ring in compression shape Preloading spring under state；The pressure gear is fixed on outer clutch ring.

Air inlet turbine is not suitable for opening under low engine speed operating condition, and turbocharger is in low speed situations in conventional engines Under the reason of being not turned on, be on the one hand that exhaust gas pressure is smaller under speed operation, the turbine high speed at inlet manifold can not be driven to revolve Turn, is on the other hand the fuel-economizing for mainly considering engine under speed operation, air inflow increase will increase oil inlet quantity, to influence The fuel-economizing of engine.

Based on this, in the application, a speed limiting clutch is connected between plenum axis and pressure gear, the clutch Working principle is as follows: when shaft slowly runs, transmission roller is smaller to the active force of limit roller, can not drive preloading spring It compresses and slides in and out guiding axis, and the centrifugal force of mounting rack is smaller, smaller to the pressing force of preloading spring, bonding pad is not Can be resisted against on outer clutch ring inner wall, make to separate between inner ring and the relatively outer clutch ring of interior clutch ring, i.e., pressure gear rotation and Plenum axis does not rotate, and realization is not interfered air inflow under low engine speed operating condition；In shaft high-speed rotation, pass Dynamic roller is larger to the active force of limit roller, and preloading spring can be driven to compress and slide in and out guiding axis, and installed The centrifugal force of frame relatively reaches, and relatively reaches to the pressing force of preloading spring, and bonding pad is pressed on outer clutch ring inner wall, make inner ring and it is interior from It closes to enclose between relatively outer clutch ring and combine, is i.e. pressure gear rotation and plenum axis synchronous rotary is realized in high engine speeds Increase admission pressure under operating condition；Under engine medium speed therebetween, clutch is in half-clutch state, smaller effect Intervention air inflow.

It is connected with a speed limiting clutch between air-discharging and supercharging axis and pressure gear, the clutch working principle is as follows: turning When axis slowly runs, transmission roller is smaller to the active force of limit roller, and preloading spring can not be driven to compress and make guiding axis It slides in and out, and the centrifugal force of mounting rack is smaller, smaller to the pressing force of preloading spring, bonding pad cannot be resisted against outer clutch It encloses on inner wall, makes to separate between inner ring and the relatively outer clutch ring of interior clutch ring, i.e., pressure gear rotates and air-discharging and supercharging axis does not revolve Turn, realization exhaust efficiency is not interfered under low engine speed operating condition, enable portion retain in the combustion chamber into Row second-time burning；In shaft high-speed rotation, transmission roller is larger to the active force of limit roller, can drive preloading spring pressure Contracing slides in and out guiding axis, and the centrifugal force of mounting rack relatively reaches, and relatively reaches to the pressing force of preloading spring, bonding pad presses On outer clutch ring inner wall, make to combine between inner ring and the relatively outer clutch ring of interior clutch ring, i.e. pressure gear rotation increases with exhaust Last item synchronous rotary, realization increase pressure at expulsion under high engine speeds operating condition；Under engine medium speed therebetween, Clutch is in half-clutch state, the intervention exhaust efficiency of smaller effect.

In above-mentioned a kind of for controlling in air inlet turbine and the speed limiting clutch on exhaust driven gas turbine starting opportunity, the limit Set is connected between interior clutch ring by bearing, is rotatablely connected between the outer clutch ring and interior clutch ring, the outer clutch ring It is rotatablely connected between type frame.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of this fuel engines.

Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of rotor.

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of speed limiting clutch.

Fig. 4 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 on the direction A-A.

In figure, 1, cylinder body；2, piston；21, air inlet discrimination hole；22, it is vented qi hole；3, rotor；31, shaft；32, notch；41, Transmission gear；42, plenum axis；43, air inlet turbine；44, air-discharging and supercharging axis；45, pressure gear；46, exhaust driven gas turbine；51, Circulating slot；52, turntable；53, installation axle；54, disc；55, convex block；61, inner ring；62, type frame；63, limit sleeve；64, interior clutch Circle；65, outer clutch ring；66, recess；67, it is driven roller；68, bonding pad；69, preloading spring；7, mounting rack；71, pin shaft；72, Guiding axis；73, roller is limited.

Specific embodiment

Following is a specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention will be further described, However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, fuel engines include cylinder body 1, the piston being slidably connected in cylinder body 12 and with work Fill in 2 hinged crankshafts, which is characterized in that this fuel engines includes the air inlet discrimination hole 21 being provided on cylinder body 1 and exhaust qi hole 22, the top opening of cylinder body 1, the top open part of cylinder body 1 has a rotor 3 being rotatably connected on cylinder body 1,1 inner wall of cylinder body Face, 2 top surface of piston and 3 bottom surface of rotor form the combustion chamber of engine, and the center of rotor 3 is fixedly connected with a shaft 31, Shaft 31 and crankshaft-synchronous, a notch 32 for running through 3 bottom wall of rotor is offered on rotor 3, and notch 32 can be connected to air inlet Qi hole and combustion chamber or outlet qi hole and combustion chamber are fixedly installed a transmission gear 41 in shaft 31, are rotatablely connected on cylinder body 1 There are a plenum axis 42 and an air-discharging and supercharging axis 44, one and transmission are respectively connected on plenum axis 42 and air-discharging and supercharging axis 44 The pressure gear 45 that gear 41 engages, is provided in air inlet qi hole on plenum axis 42 and can be in plenum axis 42 air inlet turbines 43 for driving air inlet qi hole interior air-flow to flow when opposite with 41 rotation direction of transmission gear to combustion chamber direction；Row Gas pressurization axis 44 on be provided be located at exhaust qi hole 22 in and can be in air-discharging and supercharging axis 44 and 41 rotation direction phase of transmission gear Drive exhaust 22 interior air-flow of qi hole to the exhaust driven gas turbine 46 flowed away from combustion chamber direction inverse time；

The circulating slot 51 of an annular is offered on cylinder body 1, circulating slot 51 is located at air inlet qi hole and is vented the top in qi hole 22, Circulating slot 51 and the intersection intercommunication of air inlet qi hole, circulating slot 51 and exhaust 22 intersection intercommunication of qi hole are fixedly installed on rotor 3 One is rotatably connected on the turntable 52 on cylinder body 1, and the lower surface of turntable 52 is circumferentially uniformly fixed with several installation axles 53, installation axle 53 Upper to be rotatably connected to a disc 54 by a torsional spring, torsional spring drives disc 54 parallel with the radial line of turntable 52, and circulating slot 51 is close Be provided with several convex blocks 55 on the side wall of air inlet Qi Kongchu, disc 54 can by convex block 55 limit and around corresponding installation axle 53 rotations.

The intake and exhaust valves of conventional engines are replaced by rotor 3 and the notch 32 being provided on rotor 3, and notch 32 is handed over Make the connection in air inlet qi hole and outlet qi hole and combustion chamber for property, realization selects an air inlet or exhaust, makes engine breathing position Movable part reduce, and there is no hitting, reduce the abrasion between engine noise and movable part.

Exhaust gas is rotated at discharge manifold by turntable 52, forms the space of storage exhaust gas between adjacent disc 54, will give up Gas part is carried to air inlet Qi Kongchu, is inhaled into combustion chamber under the air-intake negative-pressure of fresh air, in order to avoid fresh air Into discharge manifold, several protrusions are set close to the position of inlet manifold on the side wall of circulating slot 51, disc 54 is by protrusion Effect and swing, keep the disc 54 being located near air inlet qi hole oblique, i.e., to the gas-flow resistance above air inlet qi hole compared with It is small, on the one hand for discharging exhaust gas to air inlet qi hole, on the other hand prevent fresh air by disc 54 " driving " to circulating slot 51 It is interior.

Exhaust gas recycling is conducive to substance imperfect combustion in exhaust gas and is burning, and can also carry out the waste heat in exhaust gas It recycles, reduces the tail gas harmful substance contents of engine, improve the performance of engine.

Rotor 3 rotates, and rotates air inlet turbine 43, increases air inlet Qi Kongchu to the air-intake negative-pressure in combustion chamber direction, from And increase air inflow, increase fuel supply volume, and then increase the discharge capacity of engine；Rotor 3 rotates, and revolves exhaust driven gas turbine 46 Turn, makes to be vented the pressure at expulsion at qi hole 22 away from combustion chamber direction and increase, to improve exhaust efficiency, indirectly increase air inlet Amount, increases fuel supply volume, and then increases the discharge capacity of engine

The intake and exhaust valves of conventional engines are replaced by rotor 3 and the notch 32 being provided on rotor 3, and notch 32 is handed over Make the connection in air inlet qi hole and outlet qi hole and combustion chamber for property, realization selects an air inlet or exhaust, makes engine breathing position Movable part reduce, and there is no hitting, reduce the abrasion between engine noise and movable part.

The rotation of rotor 3, can also drive homogenizing for mixed gas in combustion chamber, and the presence of notch 32 makes the Indoor Air that burns Stream by notch 32 drag effect and spiral circulation, realize the mixing of mixed gas, in the combustion chamber formed vortex, increase It burns a possibility that thorough, increases air-intake negative-pressure, improve pressure at expulsion, air inlet qi hole and exhaust qi hole 22 can also be in the shape of a spiral It is distributed in the outside of cylinder body 1, so that it is echoed 3 bring of rotor vortex, keeps said effect more significant, the presence of vortex can also A possibility that shortening by lighting a fire to the time burnt comprehensively, reducing detonation, keeps burning more thorough, improves exhaust mass.

Plenum axis 42 and air-discharging and supercharging axis 44 are evenly distributed on outside rotor 3, are had for the stability of rotation to rotor 3 It improves, stress in its rotation process is made to be shared and be cancelled out each other, improve reliability.

As shown in figures 1 and 3, between plenum axis 42 and pressure gear 45, air-discharging and supercharging axis 44 and pressure gear 45 Between be provided with a speed limiting clutch, speed limiting clutch includes the inner ring 61 being connected with plenum axis 42, is set in inner ring 61 it is outer and be connected with inner ring 61 type frame 62, be set in outside type frame 62 limit sleeve 63, be rotatably connected on outside limit sleeve 63 in Clutch ring 64 and the outer clutch ring 65 being set in outside interior clutch ring 64,62 lateral wall of type frame have several limit notch 66, limit It is rotatably connected to transmission roller 67 in recess 66, radially slidably connects on interior clutch ring 64 and is corresponded with transmission roller 67 Mounting rack 7, mounting rack 7 includes a pin shaft 71 and two guiding axis 72, is rotatably connected on pin shaft 71 and is fastened on two biographies The limit roller 73 between roller 67 is moved, offers pilot hole corresponding with guiding axis 72,72 edge of guiding axis on interior clutch ring 64 61 radial line direction of inner ring is slidably connected in pilot hole, and pin shaft 71 is fixed between the inner end of two guiding axis 72, same installation A bonding pad 68 is fixedly connected between the outer end of two guiding axis 72 of frame 7, bonding pad 68 can be resisted against outer clutch ring 65 Inner wall on, the preloading spring 69 under compressive state is connected between guiding axis 72 and interior clutch ring 64；Pressure gear 45 It is fixed on outer clutch ring 65.

Air inlet turbine 43 is not suitable for opening under low engine speed operating condition, and turbocharger is in low speed shape in conventional engines On the one hand the reason of being not turned under condition is that exhaust gas pressure is smaller under speed operation, can not drive the turbine high speed at inlet manifold On the other hand rotation is the fuel-economizing that engine is mainly considered under speed operation, air inflow increase will increase oil inlet quantity, thus shadow Ring the fuel-economizing of engine.

Based on this, in the application, a speed limiting clutch is connected between plenum axis 42 and pressure gear 45, it should be from Clutch working principle is as follows: when shaft 31 slowly runs, the active force for being driven 67 pairs of limit rollers 73 of roller is smaller, can not drive It compresses preloading spring 69 and slides in and out guiding axis 72, and the centrifugal force of mounting rack 7 is smaller, to the pressure of preloading spring 69 Clamp force is smaller, and bonding pad 68 cannot be resisted against on outer 65 inner wall of clutch ring, makes inner ring 61 and the relatively outer clutch ring of interior clutch ring 64 Separated between 65, i.e., pressure gear 45 rotation and plenum axis 42 does not rotate, realize under low engine speed operating condition not into Tolerance is interfered；In 31 high-speed rotation of shaft, the active force for being driven 67 pairs of limit rollers 73 of roller is larger, can drive pre- Tight spring 69 compresses and slides in and out guiding axis 72, and the centrifugal force of mounting rack 7 relatively reaches, to the pressing force of preloading spring 69 It relatively reaches, bonding pad 68 is pressed on outer 65 inner wall of clutch ring, makes to tie between the relatively outer clutch ring 65 of inner ring 61 and interior clutch ring 64 It closes, i.e. the rotation of pressure gear 45 and 42 synchronous rotary of plenum axis, realization increases admission pressure under high engine speeds operating condition； Under engine medium speed therebetween, clutch is in half-clutch state, the intervention air inflow of smaller effect.

A speed limiting clutch is connected between air-discharging and supercharging axis 44 and pressure gear 45, the clutch working principle is such as Under: when shaft 31 slowly runs, the active force for being driven 67 pairs of limit rollers 73 of roller is smaller, and preloading spring 69 can not be driven to press Contracing slides in and out guiding axis 72, and the centrifugal force of mounting rack 7 is smaller, smaller to the pressing force of preloading spring 69, in conjunction with Piece 68 cannot be resisted against on outer 65 inner wall of clutch ring, make to separate between the relatively outer clutch ring 65 of inner ring 61 and interior clutch ring 64, i.e., Pressure gear 45 rotates and air-discharging and supercharging axis 44 does not rotate, and realization is not done exhaust efficiency under low engine speed operating condition It relates to, so that portion is retained and carry out second-time burning in the combustion chamber；In 31 high-speed rotation of shaft, it is driven 67 pairs of roller limits The active force of position roller 73 is larger, and preloading spring 69 can be driven to compress and slide in and out guiding axis 72, and mounting rack 7 Centrifugal force relatively reaches, and relatively reaches to the pressing force of preloading spring 69, and bonding pad 68 is pressed on outer 65 inner wall of clutch ring, makes 61 He of inner ring It is combined between the relatively outer clutch ring 65 of interior clutch ring 64, i.e. the rotation of pressure gear 45 and 44 synchronous rotary of air-discharging and supercharging axis is realized Increase pressure at expulsion under high engine speeds operating condition；Under engine medium speed therebetween, clutch is in half-clutch State, the intervention exhaust efficiency of smaller effect.

When air inlet turbine 43 and exhaust driven gas turbine 46 act on, the air pressure at air inlet qi hole and exhaust qi hole 22 is larger, spoke Plate 54 is opposite to the recycling effect of exhaust gas to be weakened, and waste gas burning is relatively abundant when reply high engine speeds rotate, and exhaust gas follows again The feature that the function and significance of ring weakens.

It is connected between limit sleeve 63 and interior clutch ring 64 by bearing, the company of rotation between outer clutch ring 65 and interior clutch ring 64 It connects, is rotatablely connected between outer clutch ring 65 and type frame 62.Notch 32 is in the inclined helical form of 3 rotation direction of rotor.Notch 32 Helical form setting, can further improve rotor 3 rotation in combustion chamber mixed gas formed " vortex " effect, raising Engine performance.

Synchronizing between shaft 31 and crankshaft refers to that revolving speed is identical, real by the bevel gear being fixed on crankshaft between the two The switching of existing rotation direction, it is then synchronous by the way that chain realization is arranged between shaft 31 and bevel gear.

Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.The neck of technology belonging to the present invention The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of for controlling the speed limiting clutch of air inlet turbine and exhaust driven gas turbine starting opportunity, fuel engines includes cylinder body (1), the piston (2) and the crankshaft hinged with piston (2) being slidably connected in cylinder body (1), which is characterized in that this fuel engines Including the air inlet discrimination hole (21) being provided on cylinder body (1) and exhaust qi hole (22), an air inlet is rotatably connected on the cylinder body (1) It is pressurized axis (42) and an air-discharging and supercharging axis (44), is respectively connected with pressurization on the plenum axis (42) and air-discharging and supercharging axis (44) Gear (45) is provided with air inlet turbine (43) on the plenum axis (42)；The row of being provided on the air-discharging and supercharging axis (44) Air turbine (46)；

It is all provided between the plenum axis (42) and pressure gear (45), between air-discharging and supercharging axis (44) and pressure gear (45) It is equipped with a speed limiting clutch, the speed limiting clutch includes the inner ring (61) being connected with plenum axis (42), is set in inner ring (61) type frame (62) that is connected outside and with inner ring (61) is set in the outer limit sleeve (63) of type frame (62), is rotatably connected on limit Set (63) outer interior clutch ring (64) and it is set in the outer clutch ring (65) of interior clutch ring (64) outside, type frame (62) lateral wall With several limit notch (66), transmission roller (67), the interior clutch ring are rotatably connected in the limit notch (66) (64) it is radially slidably connected on and is driven roller (67) one-to-one mounting rack (7), the mounting rack (7) includes one Pin shaft (71) He Lianggen guiding axis (72) is rotatably connected on the pin shaft (71) and is fastened between two transmission rollers (67) It limits roller (73), offers pilot hole corresponding with guiding axis (72), the guiding axis (72) on the interior clutch ring (64) Be slidably connected in pilot hole along inner ring (61) radial line direction, the pin shaft (71) be fixed on two guiding axis (72) inner end it Between, a bonding pad (68), the bonding pad are fixedly connected between the outer end of two guiding axis (72) of same mounting rack (7) (68) it can be resisted against on the inner wall of outer clutch ring (65), be connected with and be between the guiding axis (72) and interior clutch ring (64) Preloading spring (69) under compressive state；The pressure gear (45) is fixed on outer clutch ring (65).

2. it is a kind of for controlling the speed limiting clutch of air inlet turbine and exhaust driven gas turbine starting opportunity according to claim 1, Be characterized in that, be connected between the limit sleeve (63) and interior clutch ring (64) by bearing, the outer clutch ring (65) and it is interior from It closes and is rotatablely connected between circle (64), is rotatablely connected between the outer clutch ring (65) and type frame (62).