CN109762158A - A kind of polyether polyol and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of polyether polyol and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109762158A CN109762158A CN201811530182.8A CN201811530182A CN109762158A CN 109762158 A CN109762158 A CN 109762158A CN 201811530182 A CN201811530182 A CN 201811530182A CN 109762158 A CN109762158 A CN 109762158A
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- polyether polyol
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Abstract
This application involves a kind of methods for preparing polyether polyol, it is characterized in that, the method includes the following steps: under 90~150 DEG C of reaction temperature and under the reaction pressure no more than 0.60Mpa, so that polyether polyol synthesis initiator and epoxide is reacted predetermined amount of time under the catalysis of catalyst, obtains the polyether polyol.The application further relates to the polyether polyol using above method preparation.The application further relates to polyether polyol as described above as crosslinking agent and/or chain extender and is preparing the application in hard polyurethane foams.The polyether polyol of the application has the advantages such as degree of functionality is higher, reactivity is high, and the rigid foam polyurethane that the polyether polyol is prepared as crosslinking agent has excellent surface property and intensity, is usually used in common hard bubble, refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer, battenboard etc..
Description
Technical field
This application involves technical field of chemical synthesis, and in particular to a kind of polyether polyol and preparation method thereof can answer
Use the industries such as crosslinking agent, chain extender.
Background technique
Polyurethane foam plastics is made of the aggregated foaming of polyisocyanates and hydroxy compounds, passes through feed change kind
Class and composition can significantly change product form and its performance, obtain producing from soft to the polyurethane foam plastics of hard
Product.Polyurethane rigid foam plastic has good physical mechanical property, acoustical behavior and chemical-resistance, especially thermally conductive system
Number is especially low, so being widely used in the various field of thermal insulation such as household electrical appliances, building board, pipeline, external wall spraying.
In the preparation of polyurethane rigid foam plastic, crosslinking agent makes for generating chemical bond between the molecule of line style
Linear molecule is connected with each other, and is formed reticular structure, is improved the intensity and elasticity of polyurethane products;Chain extender is used for and line style
Functional group reactions on polymer chain and the substance for increasing strand extension, molecular weight, improve the mechanical property of polyurethane products
Energy and processing performance.Traditional crosslinking agent/chain extender uses organic amine such as diethanol amine, triethanolamine and polyalcohol such as second
The cooperative compositions such as glycol, propylene glycol.This crosslinking agent/chain extender preparation polyurethane rigid foam plastic is easy to crack, forms
It is bad, finish is not high, mechanical performance is bad, poor dimensional stability etc..
It can be when preparing rigid foam polyether polyol as crosslinking agent/chain extender for this purpose, there is an urgent need in the art to one kind
Polyether polyol.
Summary of the invention
The application's is designed to provide a kind of polyether polyols that can be used as rigid foam crosslinking agent and chain extender
Alcohol, thus solve it is above-mentioned in the prior art the technical issues of.
The application also provides a kind of preparation method of polyether polyol as described above.
The purpose of the application also resides in offer polyether polyol as described above and is preparing as crosslinking agent and/or chain extender
Application in hard polyurethane foams.
To achieve the goals above, the application provides following technical proposals.
In the first aspect, the application provides a kind of method for preparing polyether polyol, which is characterized in that the method packet
It includes following step: under 90~150 DEG C of reaction temperature and under the reaction pressure no more than 0.60Mpa, making polyether polyol
Synthesis initiator and epoxide react predetermined amount of time under the catalysis of catalyst, obtain the polyether polyol.
In a kind of embodiment of first aspect, the polyether polyol synthesis initiator is sucrose, glycerol and two
The mixture of glycol.
In a kind of embodiment of first aspect, the catalyst is amines catalyst, preferably diethylamine, dodecane
Base dimethyl tertiary amine or N, N- dimethylethanolamine etc..
In a kind of embodiment of first aspect, with polyether polyol synthesis initiator, epoxide and catalyst
Gross mass on the basis of count, the mass percent of catalyst is respectively 0.5%-2.5%.
In a kind of embodiment of first aspect, the epoxide includes ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide.
In a kind of embodiment of first aspect, the method includes the following steps:
After the polyether polyol is synthesized initiator and catalyst addition reaction kettle mixing, stirring is opened under negative pressure,
And it is heated to 90~100 DEG C;
The reaction kettle is added in epoxide described in first part, and controlling reaction temperature is 90~110 DEG C, wherein
First part's epoxide accounts for the 1.0-3.0% of the epoxide total amount;
Epoxide described in second part is added in a manner of continuous charging or batch charging, in 90~150 DEG C of temperature
It spends, polymerization reaction occurs under the reaction pressure no more than 0.60MPa, wherein when using batch charging, the feeding quantity of every batch of
It is the 6%~10% of the second part epoxide total amount;
Maintaining reaction temperature is cured in 90~150 DEG C of range, until pressure no longer changes.
In a kind of embodiment of first aspect, the polyether polyol is synthesized into initiator and catalyst is separately added into
After reaction kettle mixing, it is passed through inert gas and is reacted at least twice with the anhydrous and oxygen-free of guarantee system by positive/negative-pressure alternating permutation
Condition.
In a kind of embodiment of first aspect, first part's propylene oxide is dripped in advance before charging, works as temperature
It is further continued for adding the second part epoxide when degree rises, pressure declines;
The maturing process is divided into two parts, and the temperature of 2 hours or so early period of curing controls in the range of 90~130 DEG C,
The temperature of curing in later period 2 hours or so controls in the range of 130~150 DEG C.
In second aspect, the application provides a kind of method institute by preparation polyether polyol as described in relation to the first aspect
The polyether polyol of preparation.
In a third aspect, the application provide a kind of polyether polyol as described in second aspect as crosslinking agent and/or
Chain extender is preparing the application in hard polyurethane foams.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention is that (1) improves the receipts of this kind of rigid foam polyether polyol
Rate.(2) preparation method of rigid foam polyether polyol of the invention: method is simple, with short production cycle, and technological operation is simple,
Production cost is low, and compound polyethers obtained is soluble easily in water, and hydroxyl value and viscosity are adjustable, and stability is preferable, can satisfy different
Customer requirement.(3) when preparing rigid foam polyether polyol, use the polyether polyol of methods described herein preparation as crosslinking
Agent/chain extender production polyurethane rigid foam plastic mechanical performance is strong, good stability of the dimension.
Specific embodiment
Unless otherwise indicated, from context cues or belong to the convention of the prior art, otherwise number all in the application
It is all based on weight with percentage, and test and characterizing method used is all synchronous with the submission date of the application.It is being applicable in
In the case where, any patent, patent application or disclosure involved in the application are fully incorporated in this as reference, and its
Patent families of equal value are also introduced into as reference, about the synthetic technology in this field, product disclosed by these special documents
With the definition of fabrication design, polymer, comonomer, initiator or catalyst etc..If the specific art disclosed in the prior art
Defining for language is inconsistent with any definition provided herein, then term provided herein of being subject to defines.
Digital scope in the application is approximation, therefore unless otherwise stated, it may include the number other than range
Value.Numberical range include with the increased all numerical value from lower limit value to upper limit value of 1 unit, condition be any lower value with
There are the intervals of at least two unit between any high value.For example, if compositional, physics or other property (such as molecules
Amount, melt index (MI) etc.) it is 100 to 1000, it is meant that clearly list all single numbers, such as 100,101,102 etc., with
And all subranges, such as 100 to 166,155 to 170,198 to 200 etc..For comprising the numerical value less than 1 or comprising big
In the range of 1 score (such as 1.1,1.5 etc.), then suitably regard 1 unit as 0.0001,0.001,0.01 or 0.1.
For the range comprising the units less than 10 (such as 1 to 5), usually regard 1 unit as 0.1.These are only intended to table
The specific example of the content reached, and all possible combination of the numerical value between cited minimum and peak is all recognized
In this application for clear record.It is also pointed out that term " first " herein, " second " etc. do not limit sequencing, only
In order to distinguish the substance of different structure.
About chemical compound in use, unless explicitly stated otherwise, otherwise odd number includes all isomeric forms, otherwise also
So (for example, whole isomers that " hexane " either individually or collectively includes hexane).In addition, unless explicitly stated otherwise, otherwise using
"one", the noun that "an" or "the" are described also includes its plural form.
Term "comprising", " comprising ", " having " and their derivative are not excluded for any other component, step or mistake
The presence of journey, and whether disclose in this application with these other components, step or process unrelated.To eliminate any query,
Unless expressly stated, otherwise in the application it is all use term "comprising"s, " comprising ", or " having " composition may include appoint
What additional additive, auxiliary material or compound.On the contrary, in addition to necessary to operating characteristics those, term " substantially by ...
Composition " excludes any other component, step or process except the hereinafter described range of any term.Term " by ...
Composition " does not include any component, step or the process for not specifically describing or listing.Unless expressly stated, otherwise term "or" refers to
Separate member listed or any combination thereof.
Crosslinking agent
Crosslinking agent is also curing agent, curing agent, curing agent, it can make line style or the macromolecular of slight branched chain type be transformed into three
Reticular structure is tieed up, so as to improve performances such as intensity, heat resistance, wearability, solvent resistances, can be used for foaming or not foaming product.
Crosslinking agent be it is a kind of can be in intermolecular bridging action of line style, so that being mutually bonded multiple linear molecules is cross-linked into reticular structure
Substance, promote or adjust the substance that polymer molecule interchain covalent bond or ionic bond are formed.
Crosslinking agent is used primarily in high molecular material (rubber and thermosetting resin).Because of the molecular structure of high molecular material
As the long line of a rule, intensity is low when not being crosslinked, and easily breaks, and without elasticity, and the effect of crosslinking agent is exactly point in line style
Chemical bond is generated between son, is connected with each other linear molecule, is formed reticular structure, is improved the intensity and bullet of rubber in this way
Property.
Chain extender
Chain extender is also known as chain extender, be can with the functional group reactions on linear polymer chain and make strand extension, point
The substance that son amount increases.It is usually used in improving the mechanical property and processing performance of the products such as polyurethane, polyester.
The preparation method of the rigid foam polyether polyol of the application, including polyether polyol is mixed into initiator and polyethers
Polyalcohol catalyst for synthesizing is 90~150 DEG C in reaction temperature, and reaction pressure is no more than under conditions of 0.60Mpa, is gradually led to
Enter propylene oxide, bring it about ring-opening polymerization, the polyether polyol is made;Wherein polyether polyol mixing initiator includes
Glycerol, diethylene glycol (DEG) and sucrose.
In some embodiments, the preparation method of rigid foam polyether polyol carries out as steps described below:
(1) after polyether polyol being mixed initiator and the addition reaction kettle mixing of polyether polyol catalyst for synthesizing,
Negative pressure is lower unlatching stirring, and is heated to 90~100 DEG C;
(2) pause heating, first part's epoxide is rapidly joined into reaction kettle, and control reaction temperature be 90~
110 DEG C, wherein first part's epoxide accounts for the 3.0% of epoxide total amount;
(3) second part epoxide is added in a manner of continuous charging or batch charging, in 90~150 DEG C of temperature
It spends, polymerization reaction occurs under the reaction pressure no more than 0.60MPa, wherein when using batch charging, the feeding quantity of every batch of
It is the 6%~10% of propylene oxide total amount;
(4) maintaining reaction temperature is cured in 90~150 DEG C of range, until pressure not until variation;
In some embodiments, polyether polyol mixes initiator and polyether polyol catalyst for synthesizing before the reaction
It need to carry out dehydration and drying processing;And polyether polyol is being mixed into initiator and the addition reaction of polyether polyol catalyst for synthesizing
After kettle mixing, it is passed through inert gas and item is reacted at least twice with the anhydrous and oxygen-free of guarantee system by positive/negative-pressure alternating permutation
Part.Finally, under negative pressure condition, such as -0.090MPa, unlatching are heated with stirring to 90~100 DEG C.In some embodiments,
The inert gas can be nitrogen or argon gas.
In some embodiments, when polyether polyol mixes initiator and polyether polyol catalyst for synthesizing mixture
Temperature reach 90 DEG C or so after, stop heating, first part's epoxide is rapidly joined into reaction kettle.First part's ring
Ethylene Oxide is dripped in advance before charging, and pause charging, observing response situation work as temperature after pressure is reached for positive pressure in reaction kettle
Illustrate that material starts to react when rising, pressure decline, is further continued for into the epoxide, control reaction temperature is 90-110
℃。
In some embodiments, after temperature reaches 90 DEG C, propylene oxide is continuously added, is slowly fed early period, benefit
It is heated up with reaction heat, controls reaction temperature at 90~150 DEG C.About 5 hours of propylene oxide feed at this time.It is opened after charging
Outer circulation pump.It is heated up as far as possible with the reaction heat of material, does not have to heating, prevent hot-spot, lead to color depth.This material reaction process
In, pressure is no more than 0.60MPa.
In some embodiments, maintaining reaction temperature is cured, near not by until until pressure.During this,
Maturing process is divided into two parts: the temperature of 2 hours or so early period of curing controls in the range of 90~130 DEG C, and the later period 2 hours or so
The temperature of curing controls in the range of 130~150 DEG C, and after finally reaching qualification, cool down blowing.
In a preferable embodiment, several mixing initiators and different catalysts prepare same hard bubble respectively
The method of foam polyether polyol, includes the following steps:
(1) initiator will be mixed and accounted in the catalyst addition reaction vessel of reactant gross mass 0.5%-2.5%, born
Positive pressure presses alternating permutation twice, finally, unlatching is heated with stirring to 90~100 DEG C under negative pressure condition, after reaching 90 DEG C or so,
Stop heating, starts into propylene oxide.
(2) it is dripped in advance before propylene oxide feed, pause charging, observing response after pressure is reached for positive pressure in reaction kettle
Situation, temperature rise, and pressure illustrates that material starts to react when declining, and are further continued for into propylene oxide, controlled at 90-110 DEG C.
(3) after temperature reaches 90 DEG C, continue slowly to feed early period, heat up using reaction heat into propylene oxide, control
Reaction temperature is at 90~150 DEG C.About 5 hours of propylene oxide feed at this time.Outer circulation pump is opened after charging.Object is used as far as possible
The reaction heat of material heats up, and does not have to heating, prevents hot-spot, lead to color depth.During this material reaction, pressure is no more than
0.60MPa。
(4) maintaining reaction temperature is cured, and until pressure not until variation, during this, 2 hours or so early period is ripe
Change temperature control within the scope of 90~130 DEG C, curing temperature control in the later period 2 hours or so is within the scope of 130~150 DEG C, finally
After reaching qualification, cool down blowing.
The polyurethane that the rigid foam polyether polyol for using the present processes to prepare is produced as crosslinking agent/chain extender
Rigid foam mechanical performance is strong, good stability of the dimension.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can any combination to get each preferable reality of the application
Example.
Reagent and raw material used herein are commercially available.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiments herein, clear and complete description is carried out to the technical solution of the application.Such as nothing
It illustrates, reagent used and raw material can all be bought by commercial sources.Actual conditions are not specified in the following example
Experimental method according to conventional methods and conditions, or is selected according to product manual.
Test and measuring method:
OH.V value: it is measured according to the method for DIN53240.
Viscosity: generally dynamic viscosity is measured using rotational viscometer according to the method for DIN53019.
Embodiment 1
Glycerol 30g, diethylene glycol (DEG) 40g and sucrose 260g are separately added into reaction kettle, the catalysis of 20g diethylamine is added
Agent, negative pressure and positive pressure alternating permutation twice, finally when negative pressure is -0.090MPa, open stirring, warming while stirring is extremely
90 DEG C, then 19g propylene oxide quickly (10g/min) is added in reaction kettle for pause heating, and predetermined amount is entire epoxy third
3.0% or so of alkane total amount.Dripped in advance before propylene oxide feed, when in reaction kettle pressure be reached for positive pressure after suspend into
Material, observing response situation, temperature rise, and pressure illustrates that material starts to react when declining, and are further continued for controlling temperature into propylene oxide
It is 90-110 DEG C.After temperature reaches 90 DEG C, continues to add 630g propylene oxide, slowly feed early period, utilize reaction heat liter
Temperature controls reaction temperature at 90~150 DEG C.About 5 hours of propylene oxide feed at this time.Outer circulation pump is opened after charging.
It is heated up as far as possible with the reaction heat of material, does not have to heating, prevent hot-spot, lead to color depth.During this material reaction, pressure is not
More than 0.60MPa.Maintaining reaction temperature is cured, until pressure does not change, during this, early period curing temperature
Within the scope of 90~130 DEG C, later period curing temperature is controlled within the scope of 130~150 DEG C for control, after finally reaching qualification, cooling
Blowing.
Embodiment 2
Glycerol 40g, diethylene glycol (DEG) 50g and sucrose 240g are separately added into reaction kettle, 12g dimethyl is added
Base tertiary amine catalyst, negative pressure and positive pressure alternating permutation twice, finally when negative pressure is -0.090MPa, open stirring, while stirring
It mixes side and is warming up to 90 DEG C, then 19g propylene oxide quickly (10g/min) is added in reaction kettle for pause heating, and predetermined amount is
3.0% or so of entire propylene oxide total amount.It is dripped in advance before propylene oxide feed, when pressure is reached for positive pressure in reaction kettle
Pause charging afterwards, observing response situation, temperature rise, and pressure illustrates that material starts to react when declining, and are further continued for into propylene oxide,
Controlled at 90-110 DEG C.After temperature reaches 90 DEG C, continues to add 639g propylene oxide, slowly feed early period, utilize
Reaction heat heating controls reaction temperature at 90~150 DEG C.About 5 hours of propylene oxide feed at this time.It is opened after charging outer
Circulating pump.It is heated up as far as possible with the reaction heat of material, does not have to heating, prevent hot-spot, lead to color depth.This material reaction process
In, pressure is no more than 0.60MPa.Maintaining reaction temperature is cured, preceding during this until pressure does not change
Curing temperature control in phase 2 hours or so is within the scope of 90~130 DEG C, and curing temperature control is 130~150 within the later period 2 hours or so
Within the scope of DEG C, after finally reaching qualification, cool down blowing.
Embodiment 3
Glycerol 40g, diethylene glycol (DEG) 50g and sucrose 240g are separately added into reaction kettle, 12gN, N- dimethyl second are added
Alcohol amine catalyst, negative pressure and positive pressure alternating permutation twice, finally when negative pressure is -0.090MPa, open stirring, side stirring
While being warming up to 90 DEG C, then 19g propylene oxide quickly (10g/min) is added in reaction kettle for pause heating, and predetermined amount is whole
3.0% or so of a propylene oxide total amount.It is dripped in advance before propylene oxide feed, after pressure is reached for positive pressure in reaction kettle
Pause charging, observing response situation, temperature rise, and pressure illustrates that material starts to react when declining, and are further continued for into propylene oxide, control
Temperature processed is 90-110 DEG C.After temperature reaches 90 DEG C, continues to add 639g propylene oxide, slowly feed early period, using anti-
Hot heating is answered, controls reaction temperature at 90~150 DEG C.About 5 hours of propylene oxide feed at this time.Outer follow is opened after charging
Ring pump.It is heated up as far as possible with the reaction heat of material, does not have to heating, prevent hot-spot, lead to color depth.During this material reaction,
Pressure is no more than 0.60MPa.Maintaining reaction temperature is cured, until pressure does not change, during this, and early period 2
The control of hour or so curing temperature is within the scope of 90~130 DEG C, and curing temperature control is in 130~150 DEG C of models within the later period 2 hours or so
In enclosing, after finally reaching qualification, cool down blowing.
Test result arranges such as table 1:
Table 1
Detection project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
Catalyst type | Diethylamine | Dodecyl Dimethyl Amine | N, N- dimethylethanolamine |
Glycerol (g) | 30 | 40 | 40 |
Diethylene glycol (DEG) (g) | 40 | 50 | 50 |
Sucrose (g) | 260 | 240 | 220 |
Yield (%) | 99.0% | 99.5% | 99.8% |
The experimentation of foaming: combined polyether, and and isocyanide are configured to according to the method that embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 discloses
Acid esters polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates (PAPI) foam at room temperature by weight 1:1.Foam data such as the following table 2 institute
Show.
Interpretation such as table 2:
Detection project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
Rise time (s) | 12 | 11 | 12 |
Gel time (s) | 80 | 79 | 81 |
Foam density (g/cm3) | 31 | 30 | 31.5 |
Compressive strength kpa | 160 | 159 | 160 |
Shrinking percentage % | 0.010 | 0.015 | 0.012 |
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is that this Shen can be understood and applied for the ease of those skilled in the art
Please.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein
General Principle is applied in other embodiments without paying creative labor.Therefore, the application is not limited to implementation here
Example, those skilled in the art make according to herein disclosed content in the case where not departing from the application scope and spirit
It improves and modifies within all scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing polyether polyol, which is characterized in that the method includes the following steps: at 90~150 DEG C
Under reaction temperature and under the reaction pressure no more than 0.60Mpa, polyether polyol synthesis initiator and epoxide is made to exist
Predetermined amount of time is reacted under the catalysis of catalyst, obtains the polyether polyol.
2. the method for preparation polyether polyol as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the polyether polyol synthesis starting
Agent is the mixture of sucrose, glycerol and diethylene glycol (DEG).
3. the method for preparation polyether polyol as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the catalyst is amines catalysis
Agent, preferably diethylamine, Dodecyl Dimethyl Amine or N, N- dimethylethanolamine.
4. the method for preparation polyether polyol as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that synthesized and originated with polyether polyol
It is counted on the basis of the gross mass of agent, epoxide and catalyst, the mass percent of catalyst is respectively 0.5%-2.5%.
5. the method for preparation polyether polyol as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the epoxide includes epoxy
Ethane and/or propylene oxide.
6. the method for preparation polyether polyol as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:
After the polyether polyol is synthesized initiator and catalyst addition reaction kettle mixing, stirring is opened under negative pressure, and add
Heat is to 90~100 DEG C;
The reaction kettle is added in epoxide described in first part, and controlling reaction temperature is 90~110 DEG C, wherein described
First part's epoxide accounts for the 1.0-3.0% of the epoxide total amount;
Epoxide described in second part is added in a manner of continuous charging or batch charging, in 90~150 DEG C of temperature, no
Polymerization reaction occurs under reaction pressure more than 0.60MPa, wherein the feeding quantity of every batch of is described when using batch charging
The 6%~10% of second part epoxide total amount;
Maintaining reaction temperature is cured in 90~150 DEG C of range, until pressure no longer changes.
7. the method for preparation polyether polyol as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that synthesize the polyether polyol
After beginning agent and catalyst are separately added into reaction kettle mixing, it is passed through inert gas and by positive/negative-pressure alternating permutation at least twice to protect
The anhydrous and oxygen-free reaction condition of card system.
8. the method for preparation polyether polyol as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that first part's propylene oxide exists
It is dripped in advance before charging, is further continued for adding the second part epoxide when temperature rises, pressure declines;
The maturing process is divided into two parts, and the temperature of curing early period controls in the range of 90~130 DEG C, the temperature of later period curing
Control is in the range of 130~150 DEG C.
9. polyether polyols prepared by a kind of method by such as preparation polyether polyol of any of claims 1-8
Alcohol.
10. a kind of polyether polyol as claimed in claim 9 is preparing rigid polyurethane foam as crosslinking agent and/or chain extender
Application in foam.
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CN110423339A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-08 | 上海东大化学有限公司 | A kind of water soluble polyether polyols, polyurethane foam and preparation method thereof |
CN110698661A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-01-17 | 上海东大化学有限公司 | Reactive flame-retardant polyether polyol and preparation method thereof |
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CN110698661B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2023-02-28 | 上海东大化学有限公司 | Reactive flame-retardant polyether polyol and preparation method thereof |
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