CN109761359B - Sewage treatment system - Google Patents
Sewage treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109761359B CN109761359B CN201811173787.6A CN201811173787A CN109761359B CN 109761359 B CN109761359 B CN 109761359B CN 201811173787 A CN201811173787 A CN 201811173787A CN 109761359 B CN109761359 B CN 109761359B
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209046 Pennisetum Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013048 microbiological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 organic matters Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Biological Wastes In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention solves the defects that the existing sewage treatment system can not timely detect the blocking condition and can not accurately quantify the blocking condition, the back flushing flow needs to be started by manual intervention, and the like. The invention provides a sewage treatment system, which comprises a structure, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a backwashing pipe and an acquisition control device; the water inlet pipe is communicated with the upper layer of the structure, the water outlet pipe and the back flushing pipe are arranged at the bottom layer of the structure, and the acquisition control device acquires water quality data of the water outlet pipe, compares the water quality data and judges whether to start the back flushing pipe for back flushing. The embodiment can timely and automatically identify the blocking condition at the first time of blocking; the back flushing flow can be automatically started; the system forms an aerobic zone and an anoxic zone, so that the nitrification and denitrification efficiency of the system can be improved, a good denitrification and dephosphorization effect can be realized, and the water quality of the effluent is ensured to be stable; meanwhile, the gas generated by denitrification and oxidation of organic matters in the system can be effectively removed, and the system is beneficial to reducing the percolation resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage treatment system with a back flushing function.
Background
Under the prior art, the constructed wetland is constructed and controlled to run on the ground similar to the swamp, sewage and sludge are controllably dosed on the constructed wetland, and the sewage and the sludge are treated by the triple synergistic effect of physics, chemistry and biology of soil, artificial media, plants and microorganisms in the process of flowing along a certain direction. The defects of the above technology are: other harmful substances such as organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage of the constructed wetland are mainly removed through the adsorption action of the filter material, a small amount of microorganisms can be adsorbed in gaps of the filter material, the microorganisms can remove the organic matters and the nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage through the self action, but the microorganism content in the filter material is low, so that the microorganism action is limited, and the filter material is easy to be blocked due to excessive free microorganisms.
The publication No. CN 104085994A discloses an artificial wetland device, which organically combines a microbiological method with the artificial wetland, strengthens the action of microorganisms in the artificial wetland, effectively improves the sewage treatment efficiency of the artificial wetland, has small occupied area and low investment cost, but the technical scheme can not thoroughly solve the problem of blockage.
The publication number is: the document of CN 105600938A discloses an anti-blocking water distribution and back flushing method and device of the constructed wetland, introduces a back flushing method adopting layered design, optimizes the distribution of back flushing water, has simple operation and does not need to be additionally provided with a back flushing pipeline. Under the technical scheme, the constructed wetland can be perceived by people only when the blockage occurs seriously, the blockage situation can not be perceived in time, the blockage situation can not be accurately quantified, and the back flushing flow needs to be started by manual intervention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sewage treatment system, which solves the defects that the existing sewage treatment system cannot timely detect the blocking condition and cannot accurately quantify the blocking condition, the back flushing flow needs to be started by manual intervention, and the like. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a sewage treatment system comprises a structure, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a back flushing pipe and an acquisition control device; the water inlet pipe is communicated with the upper layer of the structure, the water outlet pipe and the back flushing pipe are arranged at the bottom layer of the structure, and the acquisition control device acquires water quality data of the water outlet pipe, compares the water quality data and judges whether to start the back flushing pipe for back flushing.
Preferably, the acquisition control device includes: the water quality control system comprises a water quality acquisition module, a storage module, a control module and a timing module which are respectively connected with the processing module, wherein the water quality acquisition module is used for acquiring water quality data at regular time under the action of the timing module and feeding back the water quality data to the processing module, the processing module is used for comparing and judging the water quality data with standard data stored in the storage module, when the water quality does not accord with a set value, the back flushing pipe is controlled to perform back flushing, and the control module is used for controlling the trend of signaling.
Preferably, the water quality acquisition module comprises: and the first acquisition unit is arranged on the water outlet pipe.
Optionally, the water quality acquisition module further comprises: and the second acquisition unit is arranged on the water inlet pipe.
Preferably, the acquisition control device includes: the water outlet pipe comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the inside of the structure is distributed from top to bottom: plant layer, water distribution layer, soil layer, sand stone layer, haydite layer and carrier filler layer.
Preferably, the ceramsite layer is provided with a gas distribution device, the gas distribution device comprises a gas distribution main pipe distributed in the horizontal direction, a plurality of gas distribution branch pipes vertically and uniformly communicated on the gas distribution main pipe, the tail ends of the gas distribution branch pipes are in a closed state, and a plurality of gas distribution ports are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the gas distribution branch pipes.
Preferably, a branch pipe is arranged on the water inlet pipe and communicated between the ceramsite layer and the carrier filler layer.
Preferably, a flowmeter is arranged on the branch pipe, and the flowmeter is controlled by the acquisition control device.
Preferably, the water distribution layer is provided with a water distribution device, the water distribution device comprises a water distribution main pipe and a plurality of water distribution branch pipes communicated with the water distribution main pipe, and a plurality of water distribution ports are uniformly formed in the water distribution branch pipes.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical effects or advantages:
1. at the first time of the occurrence of the blockage, the blockage situation can be recognized timely and automatically;
2. the back flushing flow can be automatically started without manual intervention;
3. the system forms an aerobic zone and an anoxic zone, so that the nitrification and denitrification efficiency of the system can be improved, a good denitrification and dephosphorization effect can be realized, and the water quality of the effluent is ensured to be stable; meanwhile, the gas generated by denitrification and oxidation of organic matters in the system can be effectively removed, and the system is beneficial to reducing the percolation resistance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of an acquisition control device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the construction of a second embodiment of the acquisition control apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a sewage treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sewage treatment system of the present invention taken along the line A-A.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following description will explain the above technical solutions in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment:
as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, a sewage treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes: a structure 1, a water inlet pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 3, a back flushing pipe 4 and an acquisition control device 10; the inside of the structure 1 is distributed with the following parts from top to bottom: plant layer 21, water distribution layer 22, soil layer 23, grit layer 24, haydite layer 25, carrier filler layer 26. The water inlet pipe 2, the back flushing pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 3 are respectively provided with a first electromagnetic valve 5, a second electromagnetic valve 6 and a third electromagnetic valve 7; the water distribution layer 22 is provided with a water distribution pipeline 27, and a plurality of water distribution ports (not shown) are uniformly formed in the water distribution pipeline 27. The water inlet pipe 2 is communicated with the water distribution pipeline 27. The water inlet pipe 2 is provided with a branch pipe 8 communicated between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier filler layer 26, a flowmeter 9 is arranged on the branch pipe 8, and the flowmeter 9 is controlled by the acquisition control device 10. The water outlet of the back flushing pipe 4 is communicated between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier packing layer 26, and a plurality of back flushing water outlets (not shown) are arranged on the back flushing pipe 4. The water outlet pipe 3 is communicated with the carrier filler layer 26. The ceramsite layer 25 is further provided with a gas distribution device 28, the gas distribution device 28 comprises a gas distribution main pipe 281 distributed in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of gas distribution branch pipes 282 vertically and uniformly communicated with the gas distribution main pipe 281, wherein the tail ends of the gas distribution branch pipes 282 are in a closed state, and a plurality of gas distribution ports (not shown in the figure) are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the gas distribution branch pipes 282. The surface load of the structure 1 is 0.25-1.5 m 3 /m 2 D. The soil layer 23 adopts loess of 60-100 meshes. The sand layer 24 adopts 30-60 mesh sand. The ceramsite layer 25 adopts 1 cm-5 cm ceramsite or volcanic rock. The carrier filler layer 26 adopts polyurethane filler, and the specific surface area is 3.5 multiplied by 10 5 m 2 /m 3 . A nylon mesh isolation layer with 20-60 meshes is arranged between the sand layer 24 and the haydite layer 25; a layer of 20-60 mesh nylon screen is arranged between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier filler layer 26.
The acquisition control device 10 of the present invention includes: the water quality control device comprises a first acquisition unit 121, a storage module 13, a control module 14, a timing module 15, a first electromagnetic valve 6, a second electromagnetic valve 7, a third electromagnetic valve 8 and a flowmeter 9 which are respectively connected with a processing module 11, wherein the first acquisition unit 122 is arranged on a water outlet pipe 3, the first acquisition unit 122 is used for acquiring water quality data of the water outlet pipe 3 at regular time under the action of the timing module 15 and feeding back the water quality data to the processing module 11, the processing module 11 is used for comparing the water quality data with a set value stored in the storage module 13, when the water quality does not accord with the set value, the backwash pipe 4 is controlled to start backwash, and the control module 14 is used for controlling the trend of signaling. The processing module 11 also controls the flowmeter 9 to adjust the shunt quantity of the branch pipe 8 according to the water quality data of the water outlet pipe 3.
The plant layer 21 of the sewage treatment system can be used for planting plants which are high in plant protein and are moist, such as pennisetum hydridum, and can be used for converting C, N, P, S and other substances in sewage; the soil layer 23 adopts loess of 60-100 meshes and thickness of 20cm, and microorganisms in the soil can degrade pollutants through anabolism and catabolism. The sand layer 24 adopts 30-60 mesh sand and has a thickness of 30cm, and can retain the soil without loss and retain the pollutants through filterability. The ceramsite layer 25 adopts ceramsite or volcanic rock with the thickness of 1 cm-5 cm, and the thickness is 30cm, wherein the ceramsite firstly provides carrier propagation for microorganisms to realize the effect of absorbing and converting C, N, P, S and other substances, and secondly provides nutrient substances for the microorganisms attached to the ceramsite continuously by physically adsorbing part of pollutants. The carrier filler layer 26 is made of polyurethane filler and has a specific surface area of 3.5X10 5 m 2 /m 3 The compacting thickness is 20cm, so that high-concentration microorganisms can be trapped, biomass is ensured for denitrification, suspended matters can be trapped, and the quality of effluent water is ensured.
The specific working procedure of the first embodiment is as follows:
part of sewage enters the water distribution layer 22 of the structure 1 along the water inlet pipe 2, water is uniformly distributed on the water distribution layer 22 through water distribution openings (not shown in the figure) of the water distribution pipeline 27, and the other part of sewage is shunted along the branch pipe 8 under the control of the flowmeter 9 and enters between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier filler layer 26. The flow speed of the water inlet pipe 2 is controlled between 2m/s and 4m/s, the flow speed of the water distribution port (not shown) is more than 0.6m/s, and the water flow can be ensured to pass through the sewage treatment system without blockage. The sewage flowing out of the water distribution layer 22 flows through the plant layer 21 in turn in a self-flowing mode to be purified, nitrifies in the soil layer 23, the sand layer 24 and the ceramsite layer 25, finally flows into the carrier filler layer 26 to be denitrified, and the treated sewage is discharged to the outside of the structure 1 from the water outlet pipe 3 in a gravity pressure mode.
During sewage treatment, the air distribution device 28 can intermittently flush air into the sand filtering layer 24 and the ceramsite layer 25 for reoxygenation through the air distribution main pipe 281 and the air distribution branch pipe 282, and an aerobic zone is formed on the plant layer 21, the soil layer 23, the sand stone layer 24 and the ceramsite layer 25, and an anoxic zone is formed on the carrier packing layer 26, so that the nitrification and denitrification efficiency of the system is improved; meanwhile, the gas generated by denitrification and oxidation of organic matters in the system can be effectively removed, and the system is beneficial to reducing the percolation resistance.
The first collection unit 123 collects water quality data of the water outlet pipe 3 at regular time under the action of the timing module 15, and feeds the water quality data back to the processing module 11, and the processing module 11 compares the water quality data with a set value stored in the storage module 13. When the SS of the water outlet pipe is more than 100mg/L; the system is indicated to have a blocking condition, and back flushing operation is started, and the specific operation is as follows: 1. closing the first electromagnetic valve 5 and the third electromagnetic valve 7, and blocking the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3; 2. the second electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, tap water enters the structure 1 through the backwashing pipe 4 to carry out backwashing, and water flows sequentially through the ceramsite layer 25, the sand stone layer 24, the soil layer 23 and the water supplementing layer 22 and finally enters the plant layer 21. 3. When the water quantity is full of the structure 1, the back flushing operation is stopped, and the second electromagnetic valve 6 is closed. After standing for 10-30 min, the third electromagnetic valve 7 is opened, and tap water is discharged from the structure 1. By adopting the back flushing method, the blocking condition can be timely and automatically identified at the first time of system blocking; and the back flushing flow can be automatically started without manual intervention.
The acquisition control device 10 also adjusts the shunt capacity of the branch pipe 8 by controlling the flowmeter 9, and the shunt capacity is 5% -10% of the total water inflow of the system in a normal state; when the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent is more than 50mg/L, the shunt quantity is controlled between 10% and 15%; when the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent is between 10 and 50mg/L, the shunt quantity is controlled between 5 and 10 percent; when the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent is less than 10mg/L, the flow is not split. Through the diversion control, the carbon source of the sewage treatment system can be effectively supplemented, so that the denitrification effect of the system can be improved.
Second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, a sewage treatment system according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes: a structure 1, a water inlet pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 3, a back flushing pipe 4 and an acquisition control device 10; the inside of the structure 1 is distributed with the following parts from top to bottom: plant layer 21, water distribution layer 22, soil layer 23, grit layer 24, haydite layer 25, carrier filler layer 26. The water inlet pipe 2, the back flushing pipe 4 and the water outlet pipe 3 are respectively provided with a first electromagnetic valve 5, a second electromagnetic valve 6 and a third electromagnetic valve 7; the water distribution layer 22 is provided with a water distribution pipeline 27, and a plurality of water distribution ports (not shown) are uniformly formed in the water distribution pipeline 27. The water inlet pipe 2 is communicated with the water distribution pipeline 27. The water inlet pipe 2 is provided with a branch pipe 8 communicated between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier filler layer 26, a flowmeter 9 is arranged on the branch pipe 8, and the flowmeter 9 is controlled by the acquisition control device 10. The water outlet of the back flushing pipe 4 is communicated between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier packing layer 26, and a plurality of back flushing water outlets (not shown) are arranged on the back flushing pipe 4. The water outlet pipe 3 is communicated with the carrier filler layer 26. The ceramsite layer 25 is further provided with a gas distribution device 28, the gas distribution device 28 comprises a gas distribution main pipe 281 distributed in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of gas distribution branch pipes 282 vertically and uniformly communicated with the gas distribution main pipe 281, wherein the tail ends of the gas distribution branch pipes 282 are in a closed state, and a plurality of gas distribution ports (not shown in the figure) are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the gas distribution branch pipes 282. The surface load of the structure 1 is 0.25-1.5 m 3 /m 2 D. The soil layer 23 adopts loess of 60-100 meshes. The sand layer 24 adopts 30-60 mesh sand. The ceramsite layer 25 adopts 1 cm-5 cm ceramsite or volcanic rock. The carrier filler layer 26 adopts polyurethane filler, and the specific surface area is 3.5 multiplied by 10 5 m 2 /m 3 . A nylon mesh of 20-60 meshes (not shown) is arranged between the sand layer 24 and the haydite layer 25Schematic) isolation; a nylon screen (not shown) with 20-60 meshes is arranged between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier filler layer 26 for isolation.
The acquisition control device 10 of the present invention includes: the first water quality acquisition unit 121, the second acquisition unit 122, the storage module 13, the control module 14, the timing module 15, the first electromagnetic valve 6, the second electromagnetic valve 7, the third electromagnetic valve 8 and the flowmeter 9 are respectively connected with the processing module 11, the first water quality acquisition unit 121 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 2, the second acquisition unit 122 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 3, the first water quality acquisition unit 121 and the second acquisition unit 122 acquire water quality data of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 at regular time under the action of the timing module 15 and feed back to the processing module 11, the processing module 11 calculates the pollutant removal rate, compares the water quality data and the pollutant removal rate information with a set value stored in the storage module 13, controls the backwash pipe 4 to open when the water quality does not accord with the set value, and the control module 14 controls the trend of signaling. The processing module 11 also controls the flowmeter 9 to adjust the shunt quantity of the branch pipe 8 according to the water quality data of the water outlet pipe 3.
The plant layer 21 of the sewage treatment system can be used for planting plants which are high in plant protein and are moist, such as pennisetum hydridum, and can be used for converting C, N, P, S and other substances in sewage; the soil layer 23 adopts loess of 60-100 meshes and thickness of 20cm, and microorganisms in the soil can degrade pollutants through anabolism and catabolism. The sand layer 24 adopts 30-60 mesh sand and has a thickness of 30cm, and can retain the soil without loss and retain the pollutants through filterability. The ceramsite layer 25 adopts ceramsite or volcanic rock with the thickness of 1 cm-5 cm, and the thickness is 30cm, wherein the ceramsite firstly provides carrier propagation for microorganisms to realize the effect of absorbing and converting C, N, P, S and other substances, and secondly provides nutrient substances for the microorganisms attached to the ceramsite continuously by physically adsorbing part of pollutants. The carrier filler layer 26 is made of polyurethane filler and has a specific surface area of 3.5X10 5 m 2 /m 3 The compacting thickness is 20cm, so that high-concentration microorganisms can be trapped, biomass is ensured for denitrification, suspended matters can be trapped, and the quality of effluent water is ensured.
The specific working procedure of the second embodiment is as follows:
part of sewage enters the water distribution layer 22 of the structure 1 along the water inlet pipe 2, water is uniformly distributed on the water distribution layer 22 through water distribution openings (not shown in the figure) of the water distribution pipeline 27, and the other part of sewage is shunted along the branch pipe 8 under the control of the flowmeter 9 and enters between the ceramsite layer 25 and the carrier filler layer 26. The flow speed of the water inlet pipe 2 is controlled between 2m/s and 4m/s, the flow speed of the water distribution port (not shown) is more than 0.6m/s, and the water flow can be ensured to pass through the sewage treatment system without blockage. The sewage flowing out of the water distribution layer 22 flows through the plant layer 21 in turn in a self-flowing mode to be purified, nitrifies in the soil layer 23, the sand layer 24 and the ceramsite layer 25, finally flows into the carrier filler layer 26 to be denitrified, and the treated sewage is discharged to the outside of the structure 1 from the water outlet pipe 3 in a gravity pressure mode.
During sewage treatment, the air distribution device 28 can intermittently flush air into the sand filtering layer 24 and the ceramsite layer 25 for reoxygenation through the air distribution main pipe 281 and the air distribution branch pipe 282, and an aerobic zone is formed on the plant layer 21, the soil layer 23, the sand stone layer 24 and the ceramsite layer 25, and an anoxic zone is formed on the carrier packing layer 26, so that the nitrification and denitrification efficiency of the system is improved; meanwhile, the gas generated by denitrification and oxidation of organic matters in the system can be effectively removed, and the system is beneficial to reducing the percolation resistance.
The first water quality collecting unit 121 and the second collecting unit 122 collect water quality data of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3 at regular time under the action of the timing module 15, and feed the water quality data back to the processing module 11, the processing module 11 calculates the pollutant removal rate, and compares the pollutant removal rate information with a set value stored in the storage module 13. When the TN removal rate is less than 60 percent and the TN of the effluent is more than 200mg/L; or the TP removal rate is less than 50%, and the effluent TP is more than 10mg/L; or COD removal rate is less than 50%, and effluent COD is more than 300mg/L; the system is indicated to have a blocking condition, and back flushing operation is started, and the specific operation is as follows: 1. closing the first electromagnetic valve 5 and the third electromagnetic valve 7, and blocking the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3; 2. the second electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, tap water enters the structure 1 through the backwashing pipe 4 to carry out backwashing, and water flows sequentially through the ceramsite layer 25, the sand stone layer 24, the soil layer 23 and the water supplementing layer 22 and finally enters the plant layer 21. 3. When the water quantity is full of the structure 1, the back flushing operation is stopped, and the second electromagnetic valve 6 is closed. After standing for 10-30 min, the third electromagnetic valve 7 is opened, and tap water is discharged from the structure 1. By adopting the back flushing method, the blocking condition can be timely and automatically identified at the first time of system blocking; and the back flushing flow can be automatically started without manual intervention.
The acquisition control device 10 also adjusts the shunt capacity of the branch pipe 8 by controlling the flowmeter 9, and the shunt capacity is 5% -10% of the total water inflow of the system in a normal state; when the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent is more than 50mg/L, the shunt quantity is controlled between 10% and 15%; when the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent is 10-50 mg/L, the shunt quantity is controlled between 5% and 10%; when the nitrate nitrogen of the effluent is less than 10mg/L, the flow is not split. Through the diversion control, the carbon source of the sewage treatment system can be effectively supplemented, so that the denitrification effect of the system can be improved.
Claims (6)
1. The sewage treatment system is characterized by comprising a structure, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a backwashing pipe and an acquisition control device; the water inlet pipe is communicated with the upper layer of the structure, the water outlet pipe and the backwashing pipe are arranged at the bottom layer of the structure, and the acquisition control device acquires water quality data of the water outlet pipe, compares the water quality data and judges whether to start the backwashing pipe for backwashing;
the inside of the structure is distributed with the following parts from top to bottom: the plant layer, the water distribution layer, the soil layer, the sand stone layer, the haydite layer and the carrier filler layer; a branch pipe is arranged on the water inlet pipe and communicated between the ceramsite layer and the carrier filler layer, a flowmeter is arranged on the branch pipe, and the flowmeter is controlled by the acquisition control device; the water outlet of the back flushing pipe is communicated between the ceramsite layer and the carrier filler layer, and a plurality of back flushing water outlets are arranged on the back flushing pipe;
the soil layer adopts loess with 60-100 meshes, and the thickness of the soil layer is 20cm; the sandstone layer adopts 30-60 meshes of sandstone, and the thickness of the sandstone layer is 30cm; the ceramicThe grain layer adopts 1 cm-5 cm of haydite or volcanic rock, and the thickness of the haydite layer is 30cm; the carrier filler layer adopts polyurethane filler, and the specific surface area of the polyurethane filler is 3.5 multiplied by 10 5 m 2 /m 3 The thickness of the carrier packing layer is 20cm; a layer of 20-60 mesh first nylon net is arranged between the sand stone layer and the ceramsite layer; a layer of 20-60 mesh second nylon net is arranged between the ceramsite layer and the carrier filler layer;
the flow speed of the water inlet pipe is controlled to be 2-4 m/s; when the nitrate nitrogen of the outlet water of the outlet pipe is more than 50mg/L, the shunt capacity of the branch pipe is controlled between 10% and 15%; when the nitrate nitrogen in the outlet water of the outlet pipe is 10-50 mg/L, the shunt quantity of the branch pipe is controlled between 5% and 10%; when the nitrate nitrogen in the outlet water of the outlet pipe is less than 10mg/L, the shunt value of the branch pipe is controlled to be 0;
the acquisition control device comprises: the water quality acquisition module is used for acquiring water quality data at regular time under the action of the timing module and feeding back the water quality data to the processing module, the processing module is used for comparing and judging the water quality data with standard data stored in the storage module, when the water quality does not accord with a set value, the back flushing pipe is controlled to perform back flushing, and the control module is used for controlling the trend of signaling.
2. The wastewater treatment system of claim 1, wherein the water quality acquisition module comprises: and the first acquisition unit is arranged on the water outlet pipe.
3. The wastewater treatment system of claim 2, wherein the water quality acquisition module further comprises: and the second acquisition unit is arranged on the water inlet pipe.
4. The wastewater treatment system of claim 1, wherein the collection control device further comprises: the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet pipe, a water inlet pipe is provided with a water outlet pipe, a water outlet pipe is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet pipe, a water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet pipe, a water outlet pipe is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a.
5. The sewage treatment system of claim 1, wherein the ceramsite layer is provided with a gas distribution device, the gas distribution device comprises a gas distribution main pipe which is distributed horizontally, a plurality of gas distribution branch pipes which are vertically and uniformly communicated on the gas distribution main pipe, the tail ends of the gas distribution branch pipes are in a closed state, and a plurality of gas distribution ports are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the gas distribution branch pipes.
6. The sewage treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the water distribution layer is provided with a water distribution device, the water distribution device comprises a water distribution main pipe and a plurality of water distribution branch pipes communicated with the water distribution main pipe, and the water distribution branch pipes are uniformly provided with a plurality of water distribution ports.
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