CN109761280B - Size-adjustable molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Size-adjustable molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109761280B CN109761280B CN201910243921.3A CN201910243921A CN109761280B CN 109761280 B CN109761280 B CN 109761280B CN 201910243921 A CN201910243921 A CN 201910243921A CN 109761280 B CN109761280 B CN 109761280B
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of photoelectrochemistry, and particularly relates to a molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with an adjustable size and a preparation method thereof. The invention discloses a preparation method of a molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size, which comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing a molybdate solution with acid, and then filtering to obtain molybdic acid precipitate; and 2, mixing the molybdic acid precipitate, strong acid and a surfactant, and carrying out solvothermal reaction to obtain the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with the adjustable size. The application provides a size adjustable molybdenum trioxide superfine nano wire can solve traditional MoO3The nano rods have the technical defects of uneven size and distribution and low conversion rate and selectivity as the photocatalyst. The application also discloses a molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size, which can fill the gap of the existing preparation method of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of photoelectrochemistry, and particularly relates to a molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with an adjustable size and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Due to the shortage of fossil energy and the increasing prominence of the problem of carbon dioxide emission, the search for clean renewable energy is a problem which needs to be solved urgently all over the world. Semiconductor photocatalysis technology is one of the important promising ways to solve the energy crisis in the society today. Due to the unique structure and excellent optical performance, the molybdenum trioxide has wide application prospect in the industrial application field, such as gas sensors, photochromic and electrochromic devices, display materials, energy storage materials, catalysts for sewage treatment and air purification and the like. Molybdenum trioxide (MoO)3) Is a very worthy of study solar cell anode layer material because of its good hole mobility, good environmental stability and high transparency in the visible range. At present, the molybdenum trioxide anode buffer layer is generally prepared in a vacuum evaporation mode, the efficiency and the stability of a polymer solar cell device can be improved, and the molybdenum trioxide anode buffer layer is not suitable for large-area production.
However, the existing molybdenum trioxide nano material only comprises molybdenum trioxide nano rods, namely the traditional MoO3Although the nanorods can improve the photo-thermal catalysis effect, the yield is low, the size and distribution of the nanorods are not uniform, and the conversion rate and selectivity of the nanorods as a photocatalyst are not high. In conclusion, the development of a preparation method of molybdenum trioxide nanowires with simple preparation method, high yield and low cost is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Relating to ultra-fine MoO3The synthesis of the nano-wire is less in report, the experimental process of the invention is simple, the operation is easy, and the synthesized superfine MoO3The nano-wire has good dispersibility and high uniformity, and has potential application prospect in the field of photoelectrochemistry.
Content of application
In view of the above, the first objective of the present application is to provide a molybdenum trioxide ultra-fine nanowire with adjustable size, which can solve the problem of the conventional MoO3The nano-rods have uneven size and distribution and MoO3The size of the nano-rod is not adjustableTechnical defects.
The second purpose of the application is to disclose a preparation method of the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with the adjustable size, which can fill the gap of the preparation method of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire with the adjustable size at present.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing 100-1500 mg of molybdate solution with acid, and then filtering to obtain molybdic acid precipitate;
and 2, mixing the molybdic acid precipitate, 0.5-10 mL of strong acid and a surfactant, and carrying out solvothermal reaction to obtain the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with the adjustable size.
Preferably, in step 1, the molybdate solution is prepared by mixing molybdate and water and then performing ultrasonic dispersion.
Specifically, the molybdate solution is obtained by dissolving molybdate in water and performing ultrasonic dispersion.
More preferably, the water is deionized water.
More preferably, in step 1, the molybdate solution is prepared by mixing molybdate and water and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min.
Preferably, in step 1, the acid is selected from one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid and caprylic acid.
Preferably, in step 1, the molybdate solution has a molarity such that the ratio of molybdate to acid is (2.5 to 6): 1.
preferably, in step 2, the strong acid is selected from one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid and caprylic acid.
Preferably, in step 3, the polymeric surfactant is selected from one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, oleic acid, and dibutyl sebacate.
More preferably, step 2 comprises:
mixing the molybdic acid precipitate with strong acid to obtain a molybdic acid mixture;
and step two, mixing the molybdic acid mixture with a polymer surfactant, and then carrying out solvothermal reaction to obtain the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size.
In the first step, the molybdic acid precipitate is mixed with strong acid, specifically, the molybdic acid precipitate is mixed with strong acid through ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour; the molybdic acid mixture is mixed with a polymer surfactant, specifically ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour.
Preferably, in step 2, the molar ratio of the strong acid to the molybdate is (2.5-6): 1; in step 3, the molar ratio of the polymeric surfactant to the molybdate is (2-10): 1.
preferably, in the step 4, the reaction temperature of the solvothermal reaction is in the range of 120-200 ℃; the reaction time of the solvothermal reaction is 16-24 h.
Specifically, in the step 4, the mixture is subjected to a solvothermal reaction, namely the mixture is placed in a polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure reaction kettle and then placed in an oven for solvothermal reaction.
The invention also provides the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size, which is prepared by the preparation method.
Preferably, the diameter range of the cross section of the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with the adjustable size is 0.1-3 nm.
More preferably, the preparation method of the size-adjustable molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire further comprises the following steps: and 5, cooling the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowires with adjustable sizes obtained in the step 2 to room temperature, and washing the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowires with adjustable sizes by adopting an alcoholic solution.
More preferably, the alcohol solution is selected from acetone or/and ethanol.
Specifically, the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size is placed in ethanol for storage.
The present invention has found that molybdenum trioxide nanowires, which are one-dimensional structures having a size limited to 100 nm or less in the lateral direction (without limitation in the longitudinal direction), can improve the conversion rate and selectivity thereof as a photocatalyst. The molybdenum trioxide nanowire can naturally gather sunlight to a very small area in the crystal, and the light gathering capacity is 15 times of the common illumination intensity. Because the diameter of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire crystal is smaller than the wavelength of incident sunlight, resonance of light intensity inside and around the molybdenum trioxide nanowire crystal can be caused. In the photocatalytic cyclohexane oxidation, the molybdenum trioxide nanowire has higher conversion rate and selectivity than the common nanorod, so that the photo-thermal catalytic efficiency is improved. Therefore, the invention creatively provides the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size, and the diameter range of the cross section of the nanowire reaches the nanometer level. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with the adjustable size, which is provided by the invention, is very simple, firstly, molybdic acid precipitate is synthesized through a one-step method, and then, the molybdic acid precipitate is subjected to solvothermal reaction with strong acid and a polymer surfactant to prepare the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with the adjustable size, wherein the synthesis of the molybdic acid precipitate is also the invention point of the invention. The prepared molybdenum trioxide nano-wire has high dispersibility, and the diameter of the cross section of the molybdenum trioxide nano-wire is nano-scale.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 shows a TEM image of molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 1 provided herein;
FIG. 2 shows a TEM image of molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 2 provided herein;
FIG. 3 shows a TEM image of molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 3 provided herein;
fig. 4 shows a TEM image of the molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 4 provided herein.
Detailed Description
The application provides a molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problem of traditional MoO on one hand3The nano-rods have uneven size and distribution, and MoO3The technical defect that the size of the nano rod is not adjustable is overcome, and the other aspect of the method can fill the gap of the existing preparation method of the molybdenum trioxide nano wire with adjustable size.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available or self-made.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of a first molybdenum trioxide nanowire preparation method:
1. weighing 100mg of molybdate, dissolving the molybdate in 15mL of deionized water, and dispersing for 30min by using ultrasonic waves to obtain molybdate solution; mixing the molybdate solution with 3mL of hydrochloric acid to obtain a mixture 1;
2. filtering the mixture 1 to obtain wet molybdic acid precipitate;
3. adding 0.5mL of formic acid into the molybdic acid precipitate obtained in the step 2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1h to obtain a molybdic acid mixture;
4. adding 1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into the dispersed molybdic acid mixture, and continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 1h to obtain a mixture 2;
5. transferring the mixture 2 into a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure reaction kettle, placing the kettle in an oven, and carrying out solvothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 180 ℃ to obtain molybdenum trioxide nanowires;
6. after the reaction is finished, the molybdenum trioxide nanowires are naturally cooled to room temperature and transferred to a centrifuge tube, and are washed with acetone and ethanol for multiple times.
7. Adding 20mL of ethanol for storage.
8. TEM detection and diameter measurement were performed on the molybdenum trioxide nanowire prepared in this example, and as a result, as shown in fig. 1, the diameter of the cross section of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire of this example was 0.2 nm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of a second molybdenum trioxide nanowire preparation method:
1. weighing 500mg of molybdate, dissolving the molybdate in 20mL of deionized water, and dispersing for 30min by using ultrasonic waves to obtain molybdate solution; mixing the molybdate solution with 3mL of hydrochloric acid to obtain a mixture 1;
2. filtering the mixture 1 to obtain wet molybdic acid precipitate;
3. adding 3mL of octanoic acid into the molybdic acid precipitate obtained in the step 2, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for 1h to obtain a molybdic acid mixture;
4. adding 2g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into the dispersed molybdic acid mixture, and continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour to obtain a mixture 2;
5. transferring the mixture 2 into a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure reaction kettle, placing the kettle in an oven, and carrying out solvothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 180 ℃ to obtain molybdenum trioxide nanowires;
6. after the reaction is finished, the molybdenum trioxide nanowires are naturally cooled to room temperature and transferred to a centrifuge tube, and are washed with acetone and ethanol for multiple times.
7. Adding 20mL of ethanol for storage.
8. The molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in this example were subjected to TEM detection and diameter measurement, and the results are shown in fig. 2, where fig. 2 shows that the molybdenum trioxide nanowires of this example have good dispersibility and high uniformity, and the diameter of the cross section of the molybdenum trioxide nanowires is 0.8 nm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of a third preparation method of molybdenum trioxide nanowires:
1. weighing 800mg of molybdate, dissolving the molybdate in 25mL of deionized water, and dispersing for 30min by using ultrasonic waves to obtain molybdate solution; mixing the molybdate solution with 3mL of hydrochloric acid to obtain a mixture 1;
2. filtering the mixture 1 to obtain wet molybdic acid precipitate;
3. adding 4mL of hydrochloric acid into the molybdic acid precipitate obtained in the step 2, and ultrasonically dispersing for 1h to obtain a molybdic acid mixture;
4. adding 0.5g of polyacrylamide into the dispersed molybdic acid mixture, and continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 1 hour to obtain a mixture 2;
5. transferring the mixture 2 into a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure reaction kettle, placing the kettle in an oven, and carrying out solvothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 180 ℃ to obtain molybdenum trioxide nanowires;
6. after the reaction is finished, the molybdenum trioxide nanowires are naturally cooled to room temperature and transferred to a centrifuge tube, and are washed with acetone and ethanol for multiple times.
7. Adding 20mL of ethanol for storage.
8. The molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in this example were subjected to TEM detection and diameter measurement, and the results are shown in fig. 3, where fig. 3 shows that the molybdenum trioxide nanowires of this example have good dispersibility and high uniformity, and the diameter of the cross section of the molybdenum trioxide nanowires is 2 nm.
Example 4
This example provides a specific implementation manner of a fourth molybdenum trioxide nanowire preparation method:
1. weighing 1500mg of molybdate, dissolving the molybdate in 30mL of deionized water, and dispersing for 30min by using ultrasonic waves to obtain molybdate solution; mixing the molybdate solution with 3mL of hydrochloric acid to obtain a mixture 1;
2. filtering the mixture 1 to obtain wet molybdic acid precipitate;
3. adding 10mL of sulfuric acid into the molybdic acid precipitate obtained in the step 2, and ultrasonically dispersing for 1h to obtain a molybdic acid mixture;
4. adding 2g of polyacrylic acid into the dispersed molybdic acid mixture, and continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 1h to obtain a mixture 2;
5. transferring the mixture 2 into a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure reaction kettle, placing the kettle in an oven, and carrying out solvothermal reaction for 24h at the temperature of 180 ℃ to obtain molybdenum trioxide nanowires;
6. after the reaction is finished, the molybdenum trioxide nanowires are naturally cooled to room temperature and transferred to a centrifuge tube, and are washed with acetone and ethanol for multiple times.
7. Adding 20mL of ethanol for storage.
8. The molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in this example were subjected to TEM detection and diameter measurement, and the results are shown in fig. 4, where fig. 4 shows that the molybdenum trioxide nanowires of this example have good dispersibility and high uniformity, and the diameter of the cross section of the molybdenum trioxide nanowires is 3 nm.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowires with adjustable sizes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mixing 100-1500 mg of molybdate solution with acid, and then filtering to obtain molybdic acid precipitate;
step 2, mixing the molybdic acid precipitate, 0.5-10 mL of the acid and a polymer surfactant, and carrying out solvothermal reaction to obtain the molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire with adjustable size; the molar ratio of said acid to said molybdic acid precipitate is (2.5-6): 1;
the molar ratio of the polymeric surfactant to the molybdic acid precipitate is (2-10): 1.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the molybdate solution is prepared by mixing molybdate with water and then ultrasonically dispersing the mixture.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1 and the step 2, the acid is one or more selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, and caprylic acid.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the molybdate solution has a molarity such that the ratio of molybdate to acid is (2.5-6): 1.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the polymeric surfactant is selected from one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, polyallylamine, polyacrylic acid, oleic acid, and dibutyl sebacate.
6. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the reaction temperature of the solvothermal reaction is in a range of 120 ℃ to 200 ℃; the reaction time of the solvothermal reaction is 16-24 h.
7. The ultra-fine molybdenum trioxide nanowires with adjustable sizes, which are prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The ultrafine size-adjustable molybdenum trioxide nanowire as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diameter of the cross section of the ultrafine size-adjustable molybdenum trioxide nanowire is in the range of 0.1-3 nm.
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| CN112978798B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-12-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for preparing molybdenum oxide nano material with adjustable phase, shape and size |
| CN114702072A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-07-05 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowire by sol-gel method |
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