CN114702072A - Method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowire by sol-gel method - Google Patents

Method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowire by sol-gel method Download PDF

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CN114702072A
CN114702072A CN202111489996.3A CN202111489996A CN114702072A CN 114702072 A CN114702072 A CN 114702072A CN 202111489996 A CN202111489996 A CN 202111489996A CN 114702072 A CN114702072 A CN 114702072A
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molybdenum trioxide
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room temperature
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卫婷婷
杨银润
丛树仁
许方杰
兰婷
李忠芳
宋庆和
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • C01G39/00—Compounds of molybdenum
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    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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    • C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/10—Particle morphology extending in one dimension, e.g. needle-like
    • C01P2004/16—Nanowires or nanorods, i.e. solid nanofibres with two nearly equal dimensions between 1-100 nanometer

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowires by a sol-gel method, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of molybdenum trioxide nanomaterials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing anhydrous ammonium molybdate and anhydrous citric acid at room temperature according to a molar ratio of 1:3-1:5, dissolving in an organic solvent, and standing the obtained reaction system at room temperature to obtain a sol-gel precursor; and aging the sol-gel precursor, coating the sol-gel precursor on a silica glass substrate, and sintering to obtain the molybdenum trioxide nanowire film. The method for preparing the molybdenum trioxide nanowire with the orthogonal cubic structure efficiently by adopting the sol-gel method is the simplest preparation method at present, has the characteristics of short time consumption, easiness in control, low cost and no pollution, has low requirements on experimental equipment, and is suitable for large-area preparation industry.

Description

Method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowire by sol-gel method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of molybdenum trioxide nano materials, in particular to a method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nano wires by a sol-gel method.
Background
The nano material has special physical and chemical properties and is widely concerned, in the aspect of physical properties, as the particle size of the material is reduced, the surface energy and the surface tension of ions are increased, the specific surface area is increased, and when the particle size is consistent with the superconductive coherent wavelength, the Bohr radius and the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, the nano material shows obvious electronic effect. In the aspect of chemical characteristics, compared with a bulk material with the same component, the adsorption capacity of the nano material is greatly improved, and the reactivity and the chemical reaction characteristics are higher. The nano material has the characteristics of small particle size, more surface atoms, large specific surface area, surface atom coordination unsaturation and the like, and the application range of the nano material is widened.
Molybdenum trioxide (MoO)3) Is an indirect wide-band-gap semiconductor, has special crystal structure and multivalency of molybdate and is in great interest. Pure molybdenum trioxide has three crystalline phases: α (quadrature phase), β (monoclinic phase) and h (hexagonal phase). The beta-phase molybdenum trioxide and the h-phase molybdenum trioxide belong to thermodynamically metastable phases and can be converted into thermodynamically stable alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide at a certain temperature. The molybdenum trioxide nanowire retains the characteristics of a wide-band-gap transition metal oxide semiconductor of molybdenum trioxide on one hand, has the unique properties of a nano material on the other hand, has small size, large specific surface area, high absorption capacity in a visible light range and high catalytic activity, can directionally and axially transmit electrons, and plays an important role in organic solar cells, lithium ion batteries, gas sensors, photocatalytic degradation and the like. And the molybdenum trioxide nano wires in the orthogonal phase are thermodynamically stable phases, so that the application is the most extensive.
At present, methods for preparing orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide nanowires have been reported, such as a hydrothermal method, a vapor deposition method, a membrane plate method, a microwave-assisted ultrasonic synthesis method, and an electrospinning method. However, these methods have disadvantages to a certain extent, such as that the product obtained by the hydrothermal method has irregular structure distribution, which limits the application range, and on the other hand, the requirements for experimental equipment are high, which limits the industrial application. The methods are complex to operate, long in time consumption and high in requirements on experimental equipment, so that the application of large-area preparation is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowires by a sol-gel method, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and adopts a simple preparation process to efficiently prepare the molybdenum trioxide nanowires with the orthorhombic cubic structures.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowires by a sol-gel method, which comprises the following steps:
mixing anhydrous ammonium molybdate and anhydrous citric acid at room temperature, dissolving in an organic solvent, and standing the obtained reaction system at room temperature to obtain a sol-gel precursor;
the organic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether or N, N-dimethylacetamide;
aging the sol-gel precursor, coating the sol-gel precursor on a silica glass substrate, and sintering to obtain a molybdenum trioxide nanowire film;
the molar ratio of the anhydrous ammonium molybdate to the anhydrous citric acid is 1:3-1: 5.
Further, the mixing was stirred for 4 h.
Further, the standing time is 24 hours.
Further, the aging conditions are that the aging temperature is room temperature and the aging time is 24 hours.
Furthermore, the sintering temperature is 673K, and the sintering time is 15 min.
The invention also provides the molybdenum trioxide nano-wire prepared by the method.
The invention adopts a sol-gel method to prepare the molybdenum trioxide nanowire, wherein the growth mechanism of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire is as follows:
(NH4)2MoO4+3C6H8O7→Mo(C6H6O7)3+4H2O+NH3
2Mo(C6H6O7)3+27O2→2MoO3+18H2O+36CO2
in the first stage precursor, citric acid and Mo6+The complex of (a) forms a citrate mixture. The molybdate powder can be dissolved by the organic solvent only by adding citric acid, so that a transparent precipitate-free precursor is formed, and the nanowire can grow only by the transparent precursor.
The second stage is Mo after the sample is sintered6+Combine with oxygen to form an oxide. Citrate ions can be selectively combined on specific crystal planes so as to change the nucleation rate and effectively limit or promote the growth in a specific direction, thereby leading the nanowires to grow along 100]Directionally growing to form single-phase and single-crystal alpha-MoO3。
The nanowires are nucleated and grow under the action of the temperature and the citric acid, so that the nanowires are promoted to grow to a longer length, namely 527nm as the longest length, and are uniformly cylindrical.
The molar ratio of molybdate to citric acid in the precursor plays a key role in the growth process of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire, and the proper molar ratio can inhibit the formation of other nano particles, so that a single-phase nanowire is generated, and when the specific molar ratio is not adopted, the product cannot be successfully prepared.
The molybdenum trioxide nano wire obtained by the invention is single-phase and single-crystal alpha-MoO3The material is an orthogonal cubic structure, belongs to a thermodynamically stable phase, and a device made of the material is more stable and has longer service life.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the method adopts a sol-gel method to efficiently prepare the molybdenum trioxide nanowires with the orthogonal cubic structures, is the simplest preparation method at present, and the prepared product film is uniformly distributed.
The acid solution used in the invention is citric acid, which has the characteristics of safety, high efficiency and environmental protection, and avoids the use of corrosive strong acid in the traditional preparation method; compared with other organic solvents, the adopted solvent has the characteristics of good solubility and high stability, ensures that the solute is fully and efficiently dissolved, and has the best effect by using N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF).
The experimental equipment adopted by the invention is simple, the sintering temperature is moderate, and compared with the traditional preparation method, the preparation method is more suitable for large-area industrial application, and has the characteristics of short time consumption (the whole process flow is finished about two days), easy control, low cost, no pollution, low requirement on experimental equipment and wide popularization and application values.
The sol-gel method is a liquid phase coating method, and has the characteristics of high uniformity and purity of the obtained product, easy doping modification, simple process and large film forming area.
The film obtained by the invention is a film formed by orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide nanowires, has small size, and can be used for photocatalytic degradation, solar cells, gas-sensitive materials and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of molybdenum trioxide nanowires according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is an XRD photograph of molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of a top view of molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of a cross-sectional view of molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a TEM photograph of the molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of molybdenum trioxide nanowires of the present invention.
Example 1
0.5mol of anhydrous ammonium molybdate and 1.5mol of anhydrous citric acid are mixed, magnetically stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, dissolved in 5mL of N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, and kept stand at room temperature for 24 hours, and then a uniform sol-gel precursor is formed along with the full progress of hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction.
Using N as the silicon glass substrate2And cleaning the silicon glass substrate for 1min by using plasma, completely covering the silicon glass substrate by using 300 mu L of aged precursor solution (the aging temperature is room temperature, and the time is 24h), and then carrying out spin coating at the rotating speed of 1000rpm for 10 s. And finally, sintering the film in a muffle furnace of 673K for 15min to obtain a film sample.
Fig. 2 is an XRD picture of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire prepared in example 1, from which it can be seen that all characteristic diffraction peaks of the prepared sample and the pure phase molybdenum trioxide JCPDS card number: 05-0508 (orthorhombic system, space group: Pbnm, unit cell parameters:
Figure BDA0003398866540000061
) The agreement is good, the strong peaks (020), (040) and (060) show high crystal anisotropic growth, indicating that the produced sample is alpha-MoO3And the crystallinity is good.
Fig. 3 is an SEM picture of a top view of the molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 1, from which it can be seen that many needle-shaped nanowires are grown on the substrate, and the nanowires have different shapes and straight bends, and the length of the long nanowires can reach 527 nm.
Fig. 4 is an SEM picture of a cross-sectional view of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire prepared in example 1, from which it can be seen that the growth direction and length of the nanowire are random and have a uniform cylindrical shape.
Fig. 5 is a TEM picture of molybdenum trioxide nanowires prepared in example 1, from which it can be seen that clear lattice fringes show the single crystalline nature of the nanowires, in combination with a Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) pattern (inset) of the nanowires, the nanowires growing in the [100] direction. The result showed that the maximum exposure surface was the (010) surface.
According to result analysis, the prepared sample is the molybdenum trioxide nanowire of the single-phase single crystal, and the sample prepared by the method is good in effect.
Example 2
0.5mol of anhydrous ammonium molybdate and 2mol of anhydrous citric acid are mixed, magnetically stirred for 4 hours at room temperature, dissolved in 5mL of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-ME) solvent, and kept stand for 24 hours at room temperature, and then a uniform sol-gel precursor is formed along with the full progress of hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction.
Using N as the silicon glass substrate2And cleaning the silicon glass substrate for 1min by using plasma, completely covering the silicon glass substrate by using 300 mu L of aged precursor solution (the aging temperature is room temperature, and the time is 24h), and then carrying out spin coating at the rotating speed of 1000rpm for 10 s. And finally, sintering the film in a muffle furnace of 673K for 15min to obtain a film sample.
Example 3
0.5mol of anhydrous ammonium molybdate and 2.5mol of anhydrous citric acid are mixed, magnetically stirred at room temperature for 4 hours, dissolved in 5mL of N, N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAC) solvent, and kept stand at room temperature for 24 hours, and then a uniform sol-gel precursor is formed along with the full progress of hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction.
Using N as the silicon glass substrate2And cleaning the silicon glass substrate for 1min by using plasma, completely covering the silicon glass substrate by using 300 mu L of aged precursor solution (the aging temperature is room temperature, and the time is 24h), and then carrying out spin coating at the rotating speed of 1000rpm for 10 s. And finally, sintering the film in a muffle furnace of 673K for 15min to obtain a film sample.
Application examples
The film obtained by the invention is a film formed by orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide nanowires, has small size, and can be used for photocatalytic degradation, solar cells, gas-sensitive materials and the like.
The application of the method to photocatalytic degradation is described in detail below:
firstly, the prepared molybdenum trioxide nanowire film is put into an acetone solvent for ultrasonic shedding, and the molybdenum trioxide nanowire film is uniformly dispersed in acetone to obtain a solution for subsequent use.
Uniformly adding a certain amount of methylene blue solution into a colorimetric tube, then adding a certain amount of molybdenum trioxide nanowire dispersion solution into the colorimetric tube, and placing the colorimetric tube under the irradiation condition of a mercury lamp for reaction for 2 hours. The color of the solution gradually becomes lighter, and the catalytic degradation effect is realized. The mechanism is as follows:
the methylene blue has strong light absorption, and is in an excited state after absorbing visible light, wherein electrons in the excited state enter a conduction band of the molybdenum trioxide nanowire. The electrons on the conduction band have good reducibility, the holes on the valence band have good oxidizability, and the electron holes can undergo redox reaction with methylene blue in a solvent after moving to the surface to decompose into CO2And H2And O, thereby achieving the aim of photocatalytic degradation.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A method for preparing molybdenum trioxide nanowires by a sol-gel method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing anhydrous ammonium molybdate and anhydrous citric acid at room temperature, dissolving in an organic solvent, and standing the obtained reaction system at room temperature to obtain a sol-gel precursor;
aging the sol-gel precursor, coating the sol-gel precursor on a silica glass substrate, and sintering to obtain a molybdenum trioxide nanowire film;
the molar ratio of the anhydrous ammonium molybdate to the anhydrous citric acid is 1:3-1: 5.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing is stirred mixing for 4 hours.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the standing time is 24 hours.
4. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that the aging temperature is room temperature and the aging time is 24 h.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is 673K and the sintering time is 15 min.
6. Molybdenum trioxide nanowires produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115196680A (en) * 2022-08-11 2022-10-18 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide by one-step sintering method

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CN109761280A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-05-17 广东工业大学 A kind of molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire of size adjustable and preparation method thereof
CN113184908A (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-30 东南大学 Rapid synthesis method of molybdenum oxide nanowire

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101423254A (en) * 2008-11-14 2009-05-06 中国科学技术大学 Method for preparing orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide nano wire
CN109761280A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-05-17 广东工业大学 A kind of molybdenum trioxide superfine nanowire of size adjustable and preparation method thereof
CN113184908A (en) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-30 东南大学 Rapid synthesis method of molybdenum oxide nanowire

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
SHUREN CONG: "Growth and Extension of One-Step Sol−Gel Derived Molybdenum Trioxide Nanorods via Controlling Citric Acid Decomposition Rate", 《CRYST. GROWTH DES》 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115196680A (en) * 2022-08-11 2022-10-18 昆明理工大学 Method for preparing orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide by one-step sintering method

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