CN109758139B - Device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflection type optical signal - Google Patents
Device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflection type optical signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflection type optical signals, which comprises a shell, wherein a power supply system module, a reflection type optical signal pulse measurement module, a signal processing circuit, an acceleration signal acquisition module, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) module and a wireless radio frequency module are arranged in the shell. The invention realizes the multipoint reflection type annular measurement of the PPG waveform, and can effectively filter the motion noise by adding the acceleration data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflection-type optical signals.
Background
At present, a plurality of sensors for measuring the heart rate by measuring the blood volume through an optical method are available in the market, but most of the sensors or consumer products basically measure a point, and the result is also a heart rate value, and no preview of a real-time measurement waveform is given. In the resting state, the measured heart rate value is basically accurate because the heart rate value is not disturbed by movement. Once the test movement is performed, waveform disorder of PPG (PhotoPlethysmoGraphy, PPG for short, to monitor heart rate) pulse waves is caused, the root cause of the waveform disorder is that acquired data are disordered and displayed in a relatively disordered manner on the waveforms, an R peak is difficult to find on the basis of the disordered waveforms, the fact that the R peak cannot be found means that the heart rate is inaccurate, the R peak is the most fundamental basis for detecting the heart rate, and the fact that the R peak cannot be detected or the loss of the R peak caused by movement causes the inaccuracy of the heart rate detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device for measuring dynamic pulse waveforms at multiple points based on reflection-type optical signals.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflection type optical signals comprises a shell, wherein a power supply system module, a reflection type optical signal pulse measurement module, a signal processing circuit, an acceleration signal acquisition module, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) controller module and a wireless radio frequency module are arranged in the shell;
the power system module supplies power to the whole device;
the reflective optical signal pulse measurement module collects blood volume pulse information and sends the blood volume pulse information to the MCU module;
the signal processing circuit processes the signals collected by the reflection type optical signal pulse module and outputs the processed data to the MCU control module;
the acceleration signal acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring data of XYZ axes and judging whether the testee is in a motion state at present according to the data;
the MCU module is used for processing data of the PPG signal and data of the acceleration signal, filtering the signals and removing motion artifacts;
and the wireless radio frequency module is responsible for sending the final processing data. The radio frequency may be bluetooth or 2.4G in general.
The reflection type optical signal pulse measuring module comprises a plurality of collecting devices; the collecting device is divided into a main reflection type collecting device and a plurality of auxiliary reflection type collecting devices, the main reflection type collecting device is arranged at the center of the shell, and the plurality of auxiliary reflection type collecting devices are arranged around the main reflection type collecting device uniformly.
The central distance between the main reflective collecting device and the peripheral auxiliary reflective collecting devices is kept above 2 cm. The data analysis is facilitated while interference is avoided.
The main reflection type acquisition device comprises a main acquisition reflection type sensor, a main receiving light window and a main emission light source device are arranged on the main acquisition reflection type sensor, the main receiving light window receives reflected light of visible red light, and the main emission light source device emits visible red light;
the auxiliary reflection type acquisition device comprises an auxiliary acquisition reflection type sensor, wherein an auxiliary receiving light window and an auxiliary emission light source device are arranged on the auxiliary acquisition reflection type sensor, the auxiliary receiving light window receives reflected light of invisible infrared light, and the auxiliary emission light source device emits invisible infrared light.
The plurality of collecting devices all adopt convex lenses. More data can be obtained and the interference of an external light source can be resisted, so that the reflected light signal can be better received.
The measurement of data is performed by means of double-sided adhesive tape stuck to the skin.
The invention has the advantages that: the situation that the current pulse waveform made by a pressure sensor or a reflection type pulse cannot resist movement interference is solved;
the device of the invention uses a double-sided adhesive sticking mode to measure data, and solves the problem that the bandage for the lower reflection type pulse sensor is easy to be separated from the skin.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the objects and advantages that can be achieved with the present invention are not limited to the specific details set forth above, and that these and other objects that can be achieved with the present invention will be more clearly understood from the detailed description that follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention. For purposes of illustrating and describing some portions of the present invention, corresponding parts of the drawings may be exaggerated, i.e., may be larger, relative to other components in an exemplary apparatus actually manufactured according to the present invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows the time delay of the signals collected by each sensor, 401 is close to the heart, the signals are measured first, 402403404 is on a straight line perpendicular to the arm length direction, the time delay is the same, 405 is far away from other sensors, and the time delay is the maximum;
fig. 4 shows PPG waveforms of various sensors under motion, where 601 and 605 correspond to physical acquisition positions of the human body from 401 to 405.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the filter and the de-drying of the PPG pulse waveform are performed by using 5-way reflective measurement modules. The drying is mainly drying on the moving layer. Since in the resting state the measured waveform is not substantially disturbed by motion. Only some simple mean filtering and median filtering algorithms are needed to obtain a better waveform.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a device for multi-point measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflective optical signals includes a housing 201, a power system module, a reflective optical signal pulse measurement module, a signal processing circuit, an acceleration signal acquisition module, an MCU controller module and a wireless rf module, which are disposed in the housing 201;
the power system module supplies power to the whole device;
the reflective optical signal pulse measurement module is used for collecting blood volume pulse information and sending the blood volume pulse information to the MCU module; the reflection type optical signal pulse measuring module comprises 5 acquisition devices; the collection system is divided into a main reflective collection system 203 and 4 auxiliary reflective collection systems 202, the main reflective collection system 203 is arranged at the center of the shell 201, and the 4 auxiliary reflective collection systems 202 are arranged around the main reflective collection system 203 uniformly. The number of the auxiliary reflection type acquisition devices is not limited to 4, and less than 4 or more than 4 auxiliary reflection type acquisition devices can be used for finishing the purpose of motion measurement PPG together with the main reflection type acquisition device; this is provided for filtering and compensating for motion clutter.
The data analysis is facilitated while interference is avoided. The distance between the center of the main reflective collecting device 203 and the center of the surrounding auxiliary reflective collecting device 202 should be kept above 2 cm. In the present application, 2-4cm is preferred.
The main reflection type acquisition device comprises a main acquisition reflection type sensor 103, a main receiving light window 110 and a main emission light source device 111 are arranged on the main acquisition reflection type sensor 103, the main receiving light window 110 receives the reflected light of visible red light, and the main emission light source device 111 emits visible red light; the auxiliary reflective collecting device comprises an auxiliary collecting reflective sensor 101, an auxiliary receiving light window 106 and an auxiliary emitting light source device 107 are arranged on the auxiliary collecting reflective sensor 101, the auxiliary receiving light window 106 receives the reflected light of invisible infrared light, and the auxiliary emitting light source device 107 emits invisible infrared light. Therefore, the auxiliary collecting reflective sensor has small influence on the measurement of the main collecting reflective sensor. Because the blood volume is collected in a reflection mode, the main collection reflection type sensor is easily interfered by an external light source, in order to prevent the auxiliary collection reflection type sensor from influencing the measurement of the main collection reflection type sensor, invisible infrared light is adopted for measurement, and in addition, a receiver which only receives specific infrared wavelength is also used for matched receiving. The main collection reflective sensor uses visible red light to collect data, and the auxiliary collection reflective sensor uses invisible infrared light to collect data.
The main light receiving window 110 and the auxiliary light receiving window 106 are used for receiving light reflected from a blood vessel, the receivers included in the main light receiving window 110 and the auxiliary light receiving window 106 output analog signals, and the size of the output signals reflects the size of the reflected light signals.
Wherein, a plurality of collection system all adopt convex lens. More data can be obtained and the interference of an external light source can be resisted, so that the reflected light signal can be better received.
The signal processing circuit is used for processing the signals collected by the reflection type optical signal pulse module and outputting the processed data to the MCU control module;
the acceleration signal acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring data of XYZ axes and judging whether the testee is in a motion state at present or not according to the data;
the MCU module is used for processing the data of the PPG signal and the data of the acceleration signal, filtering the signals and removing motion artifacts;
and the wireless radio frequency module is responsible for sending the final processing data. The radio frequency may be bluetooth or 2.4G in general.
The wearing mode of the device is fixed by a double-faced adhesive tape. Firstly, one side of the double-sided adhesive tape is torn off, the double-sided adhesive tape is pasted on the bottom of the shell 201 except the collecting device, then the other side of the double-sided adhesive tape is torn off, and the double-sided adhesive tape is pasted on a wrist or a place with abundant capillary vessels so as to measure.
The following sections are the data acquisition and data processing sections.
Collecting data of acceleration signals, and judging whether a testee is in a motion state;
if the collected acceleration data (XYZ data) is uniform and not in a sudden change state, the tested object is considered to be in a resting state; for the tested person in a resting state, the data does not need to be subjected to adaptive filtering (the adaptive filtering is started only when the motion of the tested person is judged); the PPG waveform can be well obtained under the general resting state; only high-pass filtering processing and smooth filtering processing of 0.16Hz are needed to be carried out on the data;
if the measured acceleration signal data and the data mutation of the XYZ axes are serious, the tested object is considered to be in a motion state.
For the tested object in the motion state, the data acquisition process and the processing process are relatively complex;
firstly, the MCU controller module starts an acquisition mode to acquire data of the reflection type optical signal pulse measurement module, and after the data passes through the amplifying circuit, the data acquired by each module are filtered out of the data below 0.16 Hz; then quantizing the acquired analog data, performing analog-to-digital conversion by adopting a high-precision ADC (24BIT) to quantize the data, and caching the data in a cache region for later use; when 5 reflection receiving module data are collected, the data of the acceleration signal are collected, and the current XYZ-axis acceleration value is read and recorded as: x, Y, Z, respectively; completing the acquisition of the original data;
the filtered removal of motion artifacts is described below
The removal of the motion artifact only needs to use a variable step length LMS adaptive filtering algorithm and a data shift superposition algorithm.
The LMS algorithm refers to a minimum mean square error adaptive algorithm, and the expression is as follows:
setting a filter output function as y (k) and an expected signal function as d (k);
if the minimum mean square f (e (k)) of the error signal is minimum, the closer the output y (x) of the filter must be to the desired signal function d (x); the choice of the step-size factor u is a more critical parameter.
Because the mean square error performance curved surface only has a unique minimum value, the main step length u is properly selected and can be converged to a small point of the error curved surface, the method is called an objective function gradient inversion method, and the expression is as follows
The complete expression of the least mean square adaptive filtering algorithm based on the random gradient algorithm is as follows:
when the self-adaptive process is started, a larger step length u is taken within the range of a convergence value, so that the coefficient vector is quickly approached to the optimal solution, and when the optimal solution is reached, a smaller step length u is taken to reduce the steady-state maladjustment error. Based on the basic formula of the algorithm, the improved formula is provided as follows:
the step length u becomes u ═ 2u [1-u | | x (k) | luminance at this time2]，
The maximum value of u is 1/(2| | X (k) | non-woven hair2)
The step size at this time can take into account both the convergence rate and the steady state misalignment error.
When | | X (k) | non-woven phosphor2When the input signal becomes large, namely the input signal becomes large, the step factor u is smaller to resist the offset error from becoming large; when | | X (k) | non-woven phosphor2When the input signal is smaller, namely the input signal is smaller, the step factor u is increased, and the convergence speed can be improved while the steady-state offset error is not increased;
x (k) is the data signal input of the acceleration, the acquired acceleration signal value is X + Y + Z and is used as the input signal of the system, and the signal output by the filter is Y (k);
because the module is a ring-shaped 5 reflection module (namely a reflection type optical signal pulse measuring module), 5 groups of data can be obtained and stored in a buffer area for standby;
the data filtering processing collected by each reflection module (namely the reflection type optical signal pulse measuring module) in the cache region is to remove the basic motion artifact according to the method;
after the basic motion artifact of each module data is removed, an algorithm for superposing and shifting the data of the five modules is performed below, so that the PPG motion artifact is completely filtered.
Because each time the heart pumps blood, it reaches the whole body from the thin blood vessels in sequence, it is time-sequential, as shown at 406 in the figure. If the device of the present invention is applied to the wrist, the reflective sensor near the edge of the finger will detect the signal at the latest, as shown at 405. While the sensor on the other side, which is symmetrical to the reflection sensor near the finger side, first detects the signal, shown as 401 in the figure. Assuming that the center position sensor and the other two sensors are positioned exactly on the perpendicular to the wrist, the signals they detect are the same, shown at 402/403/404.
And (3) finding the 5 groups of data subjected to basic motion artifact removal by using a sorting algorithm to find out the first peak data in each group of data, taking the first peak data in each group of data as first frame data, aligning the 5 groups of data, finding out the second peak value of each group of data, taking out a maximum peak value as the value of the second peak value, finding out the first valley value of each group of data, taking out a minimum valley value as the first valley value, and so on to obtain the third peak value and obtain the second valley value, and so on. The data of the wave crests and the wave troughs are mainly acquired and the data of the reflection sensors are acquired in an auxiliary mode, and except the data of the wave crests and the wave troughs, other data are acquired by adopting a central sensor, namely the data of the main acquisition reflection sensors. Finally, the filtered function output value is obtained. This is the end of the filtering process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflection type optical signals comprises a shell and is characterized in that a power supply system module, a reflection type optical signal pulse measurement module, a signal processing circuit, an acceleration signal acquisition module, an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) module and a wireless radio frequency module are arranged in the shell;
the power system module supplies power to the whole device;
the reflective optical signal pulse measurement module collects blood volume pulse information and sends the blood volume pulse information to the MCU module;
the signal processing circuit processes the signals collected by the reflection type optical signal pulse module and outputs the processed data to the MCU control module;
the acceleration signal acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring data of XYZ axes and judging whether the testee is in a motion state at present according to the data;
the MCU module is used for processing data of the PPG signal and data of the acceleration signal, filtering the signals and removing motion artifacts;
the wireless radio frequency module is responsible for sending final processing data;
the reflection type optical signal pulse measuring module comprises a plurality of collecting devices; the plurality of collecting devices comprise a main reflection type collecting device and a plurality of auxiliary reflection type collecting devices, the main reflection type collecting device is arranged in the center of the shell, and the plurality of auxiliary reflection type collecting devices are uniformly arranged around the main reflection type collecting device; the main reflection type collecting device and the auxiliary reflection type collecting device collect light with different wavelengths;
removing basic motion artifacts of the data acquired by the plurality of acquisition devices through an LMS adaptive filtering algorithm, and removing the motion artifacts through a data shift superposition algorithm;
the step of removing the motion artifact through the data shift superposition algorithm comprises the following steps:
for a plurality of groups of data which are acquired by a plurality of acquisition devices and from which basic motion artifacts are removed, finding out first peak data in each group of data through a sorting algorithm, taking the first peak data in each group of data as first frame data, and aligning the plurality of groups of data;
finding out a second wave crest value of each group of data, and taking the maximum wave crest value from the wave crest values as the value of the second wave crest;
finding out a first valley value of each group of data, and taking out the minimum valley value from the valley values as a first valley value;
finding out the wave peak value after the second wave peak value of each group of data, and taking the maximum wave peak value from the wave peak values as the wave peak value of the corresponding position;
finding out the trough value after the first trough value of each group of data, and taking the minimum trough value from the trough values as the trough value of the corresponding position;
and adopting the data of the main acquisition reflective sensor and the auxiliary acquisition reflective sensor for the data of the wave crests and the wave troughs, and adopting the data of the main acquisition reflective sensor for other data except the data of the wave crests and the wave troughs to obtain a filtered function output value.
2. The device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflective optical signal according to claim 1,
the central distance between the main reflective collecting device and the peripheral auxiliary reflective collecting devices is kept above 2 cm.
3. The device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflective optical signal according to claim 1,
the main reflection type acquisition device comprises a main acquisition reflection type sensor, a main receiving light window and a main emission light source device are arranged on the main acquisition reflection type sensor, the main receiving light window receives reflected light of visible red light, and the main emission light source device emits visible red light;
the auxiliary reflection type acquisition device comprises an auxiliary acquisition reflection type sensor, wherein an auxiliary receiving light window and an auxiliary emission light source device are arranged on the auxiliary acquisition reflection type sensor, the auxiliary receiving light window receives reflected light of invisible infrared light, and the auxiliary emission light source device emits invisible infrared light.
4. The reflective optical signal based multipoint measurement dynamic pulse waveform device of claim 1, wherein said plurality of collection devices each employ a convex lens.
5. The device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflective optical signal according to claim 1, wherein the wireless rf module employs bluetooth or 2.4G.
6. The device for multipoint measurement of dynamic pulse waveform based on reflective optical signals according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the measurement of data is performed by means of double-sided adhesive tape adhered to the skin.
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| CN106333667B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2019-07-05 | 飞比特公司 | Wearable heart rate monitor |
| BR112016025447A2 (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2017-08-15 | Koninklijke Philips Nv | vital signs optical sensor, method for operating an optical vital signs sensor, and computer program product |
| CN106551690A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | 齐心 | A kind of vital sign measurement device and method |
| KR20170044826A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-26 | 전자부품연구원 | Wearable device for measuring a bio-signal |
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