CN109756186B - Testing method for detecting and calibrating outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station - Google Patents
Testing method for detecting and calibrating outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN109756186B CN109756186B CN201811602668.8A CN201811602668A CN109756186B CN 109756186 B CN109756186 B CN 109756186B CN 201811602668 A CN201811602668 A CN 201811602668A CN 109756186 B CN109756186 B CN 109756186B
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Abstract
The invention provides a test method for detecting and calibrating an outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station, which is characterized in that a standard component board is arranged on a photovoltaic power station to be tested, so that a standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component and a photovoltaic power generation component to be tested of the photovoltaic power station keep the same illumination condition and temperature condition; the test equipment host analyzes the current state of the photovoltaic power station. The comparison test of the actual power generation data can be realized for the power station which runs for several years after being installed, and the actual power generation data in the actual installation environment can be obtained. The standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is configured in advance before testing, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is installed in a testing environment, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and the tested photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component have the same using environment, testing is conducted synchronously, and comprehensive evaluation testing is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a test method for detecting and calibrating an outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station.
Background
At present, the photovoltaic market is huge, the photovoltaic technology is developed rapidly, photovoltaic power generation products with better quality and perfect performance can be developed frequently, the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation products is one of important indexes for judging the performance of the photovoltaic power generation products, and is an important factor for determining whether the photovoltaic power generation products can be approved in the application of an actual power station. At present, the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation product can be obtained through testing the generating capacity of the photovoltaic power generation product. For example, power test and power generation amount test of the photovoltaic power generation product can obtain electrical property data of the photovoltaic power generation product so as to provide reference for power generation efficiency.
The phenomenon that the newly installed power station has more generated energy and less generated energy and the quality of the newly installed power station is not described by quantifiable indexes, unnecessary disputes and litigation are generated, the market of the solar component cannot be standardized, and the phenomenon that the photovoltaic market is disturbed in good time is rejected.
At present, the quality of the components and the power station is measured by a universal meter to determine whether the components can generate power or not under illumination and observe the appearance. And the photovoltaic power station is measured outdoors by adopting IEC TS 61724, GB/T18210-2000 and GB/T20513-2006 standards, so that large errors exist, and convincing detection data are difficult to obtain. The quality problems such as the amount of generated electricity and whether the assembly has hidden cracks, dark spots and the like cannot be evaluated and judged, no method is used for measuring and calibrating the group string (power station), and the photovoltaic market has no rules and can follow no method.
Some comparison documents at present disclose a test mode for the power generation amount of a photovoltaic module, and compared with CN201721277383.2, the test device for simulating the power generation amount of the photovoltaic module discloses that the photovoltaic module and a light source are arranged in a box body, the light of the light source irradiates on all light receiving surfaces of the photovoltaic module, a temperature control device is arranged on the box body to regulate and control the temperature in the box body, an inverter is connected with the photovoltaic module to collect electrical performance data, and a computer is connected with the inverter to receive the electrical performance data and calculate.
Although the document discloses a method for testing the power generation amount of a photovoltaic module, the test process only depends on an inverter to test and obtain data, the data accuracy of the test process is poor, and the test data is difficult to compare or compare. The state of the standard power generation efficiency in the current power generation environment cannot be obtained, and only the currently tested data of the component board is obtained. And comprehensive evaluation tests cannot be carried out on a newly installed power station or a power station installed and operated for several years. How to realize the accurate and rapid test of the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic power station is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a testing method for detecting and calibrating an outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a standard component board is installed on a photovoltaic power generation station to be tested, so that the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and the photovoltaic power generation component to be tested of the photovoltaic power generation station keep the same illumination condition and temperature condition;
step two, configuring test equipment, connecting the test equipment slave computer with a standard component board, accessing a first direct current transmitter at the near end of the photovoltaic string, accessing a second direct current transmitter in front of a far-end inverter, accessing a first alternating current transmitter at the near end of the alternating current side of the inverter, and accessing a second alternating current transmitter at the far end of the inverter before the far end of the inverter is imported into commercial power;
step three, the test equipment host simultaneously sends test instructions to each node transmitter through wireless communication, each node transmitter simultaneously executes the test instructions to collect data, and the data after processing are sequentially transmitted to the test equipment host after data processing;
and step four, the test equipment host integrates the received data to obtain power station parameters and analyzes the power station state.
Preferably, step three further comprises:
the method comprises the steps that a test equipment host obtains and analyzes a power generation efficiency test instruction of a photovoltaic power generation board of a power station;
the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component is used as a test standard parameter to be analyzed and processed with the actual parameter of the photovoltaic power generation panel to be tested of the power station,
by passing
The actual alternating current output power P real of the power station is measured by a high-precision instantaneous wireless transmission power parameter comparison platform configured by a test equipment host;
and obtaining the comparison between the actual alternating current output power P of the power station and a preset value according to a formula.
Preferably, step three further comprises:
the method comprises the steps that a test equipment host obtains and analyzes a power generation efficiency test instruction of a photovoltaic power generation board of a power station;
the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component is used as a test standard parameter to be analyzed and processed with the actual parameter of the photovoltaic power generation panel to be tested of the power station,
by passing
And calculating the alternating current output power P cross standard of the power station by the high-precision instantaneous wireless transmission power parameter comparison platform.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
and in the same day, analyzing and processing the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component and the actual parameters of the photovoltaic power generation panel of the power station once by taking the standard test parameter as a test standard parameter every time a preset time length passes, calculating an average value after the preset analysis and processing times are reached, and obtaining a test final value through a formula I or a formula II.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
and in the same day, every time a preset time length passes, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is arranged at the four corners and the center of the power station, the measured standard alternating current output power of the power station reaches the preset analysis and processing times, the average value is calculated, and the final testing value is obtained through a formula I or a formula II.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the test equipment host is in communication connection with the test equipment slave, each alternating current transmitter and each direct current transmitter respectively in a wireless communication mode.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the method can realize comparison test on actual power generation data of the power station which operates for several years after being installed, and obtain the actual power generation data based on the actual installation environment. The standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is configured in advance before testing, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is installed in a testing environment, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and the tested photovoltaic power station component have the same using environment, testing is conducted synchronously, and comprehensive evaluation testing is achieved.
The standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and the photovoltaic power generation board to be tested are in the same use environment and synchronously work at the same time, so that the testing data can be obtained in real time, and the corresponding testing data can be obtained based on use requirements.
The method can quickly know the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation board to be detected of the power station and carry out systematic evaluation on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power station.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a testing method for detection and calibration of an outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a device corresponding to the test method.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a testing method for detecting and calibrating an outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, installing the standard component board on the photovoltaic power generation station to be tested, and enabling the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and the photovoltaic power generation component to be tested of the photovoltaic power generation station to keep the same illumination condition and temperature condition;
s2, configuring a test device, connecting the test device with a standard component board from a slave machine, accessing a first direct current transmitter at the near end of the photovoltaic string, accessing a second direct current transmitter before a far-end inverter, accessing a first alternating current transmitter at the near end of the alternating current side of the inverter, and accessing a second alternating current transmitter before the far end of the inverter is converged into commercial power;
s3, the test equipment host sends test instructions to each node transmitter through wireless communication, each node transmitter simultaneously executes the test instructions to collect data, and the data are processed and then sequentially transmitted to the test equipment host;
and S4, the test equipment host integrates the received data to obtain power station parameters, and analyzes the power station state.
The photovoltaic power generation efficiency data information in the invention can comprise: and the power generation capability of the power station and the photovoltaic power generation panel is tested by the data such as the power generation power, the power generation amount and the like.
The test method can realize comparison test of the photovoltaic power generation assembly of the new installation power station based on the calibration power generation data and the actual power generation data, and obtain the actual power generation data and the actual calibration power based on the power station in the actual installation environment.
The comparison test of the actual power generation data can be realized for the power station which runs for several years after being installed, and the actual power generation data in the actual installation environment can be obtained. The standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is configured in advance before testing, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is installed in a testing environment, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and a photovoltaic power station component to be tested have the same using environment, testing is synchronously performed, and comprehensive evaluation testing is achieved.
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a test equipment host obtains and analyzes a power generation efficiency test instruction of a photovoltaic power generation board of a power station;
the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component is used as a test standard parameter to be analyzed and processed with the actual parameter of the photovoltaic power generation panel to be tested of the power station,
by passing
The actual alternating current output power P real of the power station is measured by a high-precision instantaneous wireless transmission power parameter comparison platform configured by a test equipment host; and obtaining the actual alternating current output power P cross standard of the power station according to a formula.
Specific meanings of parameters referred to in the present invention include:
1) k (T) is a component temperature correction coefficient;
2) k (T) electricity is a power station temperature correction coefficient;
3) the G ratio is the ratio of the actual available illumination to the standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, illumination at 25 ℃;
4) the ratio of the inverter output to the input power under actual conditions;
5) the ratio of the inverter input power to the inverter output power under the working conditions of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
6) i is the direct current of the power station under the actual working condition;
7) the I direct standard is standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, and the direct current of the power station under the working condition of 25 ℃;
8) i is actually the direct-current side current of the power station under the actual working condition;
9) the I cross mark is standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, power station direct current under the working condition of 25 ℃;
10) r is the direct current side resistance of the power station under the actual working condition;
11) r direct is the direct current side resistance of the power station under the working condition of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
12) the R phase is the alternating-current side resistance of the power station under the actual working condition;
13) the R cross mark is the resistance of the alternating-current side of the power station under the working condition of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
14) p is actually the grid-connected power of the power station under the actual working condition;
15) the cross mark P is the grid-connected power of the power station under the working conditions of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
16) p is the power generation power of the direct current side of the power station under the actual working condition;
17) the P direct standard is standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, power generation power of the direct current side of the power station under the working condition of 25 ℃;
18) the P straight real board is the actual measurement power of the standard component (the standard board calibrated by large-scale laboratory equipment);
19) the P straight standard plate is the calibration power of a standard component (the standard plate calibrated by large-scale laboratory equipment);
wherein can be based on PStraight solid plate，PStraight mark boardAnd PCrossing overTo calculate PCross mark. Can also be based on PStraight solid plate，PStraight mark boardAnd PCross markTo calculate PCrossing over。
Or, obtaining the standard alternating current output power P cross standard of the power station.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, a test equipment host acquires and analyzes a power generation efficiency test instruction of a photovoltaic power generation panel of a power station;
the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component is used as a test standard parameter to be analyzed and processed with the actual parameter of the photovoltaic power generation panel to be tested of the power station,
by passing
And calculating the alternating current output power P cross standard of the power station by the high-precision instantaneous wireless transmission power parameter comparison platform.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, in the same day, each time a preset time length passes, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component is used as a test standard parameter to be analyzed and processed with the actual parameter of the photovoltaic power generation board of the power station once, after the preset analysis and processing times are reached, the average value is calculated, and the test final value is obtained through a formula I or a formula II.
And analyzing and processing the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component serving as a test standard parameter and the actual parameter of the photovoltaic power generation board of the power station once every preset time period, calculating an average value after the preset analysis and processing times are reached, and obtaining a test final value through a formula I or a formula II.
In the same day, every time a preset time length passes, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component is arranged at the four corners and the center of the power station, the measured standard alternating current output power of the power station reaches the preset analysis and processing times, the average value is calculated, and the final testing value is obtained through a formula I or a formula II.
And the test equipment host of the test equipment is in communication connection with the slave and each transmitter node respectively in a wireless communication mode.
It should be further noted that, in the same day, every time a preset time period passes, the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component is positioned at four corners and the center of the power station, the measured power station standard alternating current output power reaches the preset analysis and processing times, the average value is calculated, and the test final value is obtained through a formula one or a formula two.
Test equipment host configuration
P alternative fruit (P direct fruit-I)2Straightly fruiting X R straightly fruiting) X fruiting-I2Jiaozuo X R Jiaozuo
P is marked as (P is marked as I)2Straight mark X R straight mark) X mark-I2Cross mark X R cross mark 2
P straight mark is P straight real X K (T) X G ratio (c)
P straight mark board (P straight solid board X K (T) X G ratio (r))
K (T) group K (T) electric K (T)
Obtaining the following steps:
p crossing over and I2Alternative fruit X R alternative fruit (P direct fruit-I)2Straight true X R straight true) X true
Obtaining the following results:
p Cross-over mark + I2Trade mark X R trade mark ═ P direct mark-I2Straight mark X R straight mark) X mark
Is prepared from (1)/(2), and (c) and (d):
since the mark and the real are scalar values, the mark is approximately equal to the real 900W/m2
I cross mark>＝I900W/m2I. crossing to 900W/m2P cross mark/(I)2Straight mark X R straight mark)>>500
| real 900W/m2Symbol mu<1% P Cross-labeling/(I)2Cross label X R cross label>>500
All above values are small values so that
The P intersection is obtained from a high-precision instantaneous wireless transmission power parameter comparison platform, wherein a formula (3) is a formula for accurately measuring and obtaining the actual power capacity of the power station, a formula (4) is a formula for quickly obtaining the actual power capacity of the power station, and a formula (4) is a quick calculation version of the formula (3), and the two results are very different and can be used for detecting the quality of the power station.
The method of the present invention may be performed based on the following apparatus. As shown in fig. 2, includes: the system comprises a standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component 1, a plurality of alternating current transmitters, a plurality of direct current transmitters, a testing equipment host 8 and a testing equipment slave 5;
the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component 1 is connected with the photovoltaic power generation station 2; the photovoltaic power plant 2 is provided with an inverter 3 and a photovoltaic power plant configuration device 4.
The test equipment host 8 is in communication connection with the test equipment slave 5, each alternating current transmitter 7 and each direct current transmitter 6 respectively in a wireless communication mode;
the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component 1 is installed on a photovoltaic power generation station 2 to be tested, so that the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component 1 and the photovoltaic power generation component to be tested of the photovoltaic power generation station 2 keep the same illumination condition and temperature condition;
the testing equipment is connected with the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component 1 from the machine 5, and a direct current transmitter I6 and a direct current transmitter II 9 are connected between the photovoltaic power station 2 and the direct current side of the inverter 3; a first alternating current transmitter 7 and a second alternating current transmitter 11 are connected between the alternating current side of the inverter 3 and the photovoltaic power station distribution device 4;
the test equipment host 8 is used for acquiring test data parameters of the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component through the slave machine; and data information of the DC side port and the AC side port of the photovoltaic power station is obtained through the AC transmitter and the DC transmitter, a power station data parameter is automatically calculated, and the current state of the photovoltaic power station is analyzed.
The test equipment may be provided with hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof. Various features are described as modules, units or components that may be implemented together in an integrated logic device or separately as discrete but interoperable logic devices or other hardware devices. In some cases, various features of an electronic circuit may be implemented as one or more integrated circuit devices, such as an integrated circuit chip or chipset.
If implemented in hardware, the invention relates to an apparatus, which may be, for example, a processor or an integrated circuit device, such as an integrated circuit chip or chipset. Alternatively or additionally, if implemented in software or firmware, the techniques may implement a data storage medium readable at least in part by a computer, comprising instructions that when executed cause a processor to perform one or more of the above-described methods. For example, a computer-readable data storage medium may store instructions that are executed, such as by a processor.
The test example of the system comprises: the secondary light intensity is more than 500w/m for the photovoltaic power station. At the beginning, every 1 hour, the standard output power of the power station is detected. And during measurement, the standard sample plates are positioned at four corners and the center of the power station, and the measured standard alternating current output power of the power station is averaged. Finally, the measurements taken at the various hours of the day are averaged. Finally, the standard alternating current output power P of the power station is obtained. Meanwhile, a rapid calibration method is utilized, the same detection method is adopted, and the power station is also utilized for calibration to finally obtain the standard alternating current output power P cross standard of the power station. And measuring for multiple times and verifying the repeatability of the method. And measure a plurality of power stations.
The method has historical promoting and guiding effects on the specification of the photovoltaic market, and a new method is created and established to enable the quality of the photovoltaic module to achieve a quantitative visualization effect. So that the industry can follow the rules and principles. Through tests, the reference data of the power generation capacity of the power station can be provided for customers, and the development of clean energy is facilitated. The solar energy utilization rate is improved from the electric energy utilization efficiency, and the popularization of photovoltaic power generation is accelerated.
The standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and the photovoltaic power generation board to be tested are in the same use environment and synchronously work at the same time, so that the testing data can be obtained in real time, and the corresponding testing data can be obtained based on use requirements.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (1)
1. A testing method for detecting and calibrating an outdoor high-precision photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a standard component board is installed on a photovoltaic power generation station to be tested, so that the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component and the photovoltaic power generation component to be tested of the photovoltaic power generation station keep the same illumination condition and temperature condition;
step two, configuring test equipment, connecting the test equipment slave computer with a standard component board, accessing a first direct current transmitter at the near end of the photovoltaic string, accessing a second direct current transmitter in front of a far-end inverter, accessing a first alternating current transmitter at the near end of the alternating current side of the inverter, and accessing a second alternating current transmitter at the far end of the inverter before the far end of the inverter is imported into commercial power;
step three, the test equipment host simultaneously sends test instructions to each node transmitter through wireless communication, each node transmitter simultaneously executes the test instructions to collect data, and the data after processing are sequentially transmitted to the test equipment host after data processing;
test equipment host configuration
P exchange real = (P direct real-I)2Straight true X R straight true) X true-I2Crossing reality and multiplying R crossing reality
P cross mark = (P direct mark-I)2Direct notation xr direct notation) X notation-I2Cross mark x R cross mark 2
P straight mark = P straight real × k (t) × G ratio (c)
P straight target = P straight real plate × k (t) × G ratio [ (r)
K (T) set K (T) electric = K (T) (%)
Obtaining the following steps:
p crossing over and I2Ac-real x R-ac-real = (P-real-I)2Direct real x R direct real) x real
Obtaining the following results:
p Cross-over mark + I2Cross-standard x R cross-standard = (P direct-I)2Direct standard × R direct standard) × standard
Is prepared from (1)/(2), and (c) and (d):
since the mark and the real are scalar values, the mark is approximately equal to the real 900W/m2
I cross mark is more than or equal to I900W/m2 = I transaction 900W/m2
[ P Cross-mark/(I)2Direct standard x R direct standard) > 500
[ true ] 900W/m2Symbol mu<1% P Cross-labeling/(I)2Trade mark x R trade mark) > 500
The meaning of the parameters includes:
1) k (T) is a component temperature correction coefficient;
2) k (T) electricity is a power station temperature correction coefficient;
3) the G ratio is the ratio of the actual available illumination to the standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, illumination at 25 ℃;
4) the ratio of the inverter output to the input power under actual conditions;
5) the ratio of the inverter input power to the inverter output power under the working conditions of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
6) i is the direct current of the power station under the actual working condition;
7) the I direct standard is standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, and the direct current of the power station under the working condition of 25 ℃;
8) i is actually the direct-current side current of the power station under the actual working condition;
9) the I cross mark is standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, power station direct current under the working condition of 25 ℃;
10) r is the direct current side resistance of the power station under the actual working condition;
11) r direct is the direct current side resistance of the power station under the working condition of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
12) the R phase is the alternating-current side resistance of the power station under the actual working condition;
13) the R cross mark is the resistance of the alternating-current side of the power station under the working condition of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
14) p is actually the grid-connected power of the power station under the actual working condition;
15) the cross mark P is the grid-connected power of the power station under the working conditions of standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2 and 25 ℃;
16) p is the power generation power of the direct current side of the power station under the actual working condition;
17) the P direct standard is standard AM1.5, 1000W/m2, power generation power of the direct current side of the power station under the working condition of 25 ℃;
18) the P straight real board is the actual measurement power of the standard component;
19) the P straight mark plate is the calibration power of the standard component;
obtaining the actual AC output power P of the power stationCross markComparing with a preset value;
in the same day, each time a preset duration passes, analyzing and processing the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency test component as a test standard parameter and an actual parameter of the photovoltaic power generation panel of the power station once, calculating an average value after reaching the preset analysis and processing times, and obtaining a test final value through a formula (1) or a formula (2);
and in the same day, every time a preset time length passes, placing the standard photovoltaic power generation efficiency testing component at the four corners and the central position of the power station, measuring the standard alternating current output power of the power station, calculating an average value after the preset analysis and processing times are reached, and obtaining a testing final value through a formula (1) or a formula (2);
and step four, the test equipment host integrates the received data to obtain power station parameters and analyzes the power station state.
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