CN109754861A - The method of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system and its selective stimulating nerve fibre - Google Patents
The method of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system and its selective stimulating nerve fibre Download PDFInfo
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- CN109754861A CN109754861A CN201910079332.6A CN201910079332A CN109754861A CN 109754861 A CN109754861 A CN 109754861A CN 201910079332 A CN201910079332 A CN 201910079332A CN 109754861 A CN109754861 A CN 109754861A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multichannel infrared laser stimulating systems, comprising: physiological signal recorder, infrared laser array, fiber array, fiber clamp, recording electrode and computer;Input terminal of the output coupling of the infrared laser array to fiber array, the output end of the fiber array is fixed on fiber clamp and face beam nerve to be stimulated, one end of each recording electrode is respectively fitted in the different branches of beam nerve to be stimulated, branch's number of beam nerve to be stimulated is M branch, the other end of each recording electrode in M >=2 is connect by lead with physiological signal recorder, physiological signal recorder is also connected on computer, and computer is also connected with infrared laser array.The present invention can effectively realize selective activation or inhibition to nervous ramifications different in nerve tract to be stimulated, solve the problems, such as existing to be only difficult to realize by single electro photoluminescence to difference nerve fibre selective stimulatings in same nerve tract.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to light stimulus Neural Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system and its selection
The method of sexual stimulus nerve fibre.
Background technique
Functional electrostimulation is the most common and mature method for restoring nervous function.Ideal stimulator should be able to achieve
Only starting stimulation when needed, and nerve fibre relevant to disease is only stimulated, but electro photoluminescence passes through electrode with tissue
Charge diffusion can occur when contact, the stimulation area of single electrode is increased, to reduce the selectivity of electro photoluminescence;Another party
Face is wrapped in the different nerve fibre of many thicknesses in same nerve cord, under normal physiological condition nerve fibre be all according to from
Thick sequence excitement is carefully arrived, and the nerve fibre thin when receiving electro photoluminescence is often excited after thick nerve fibre, this
It is just the opposite with normal condition, therefore nerve electric stimulation device often brings many negative effects to patient, such as fatiguability and muscle
Therefore contraction abnormalities realize to the selective stimulating of nerve fibre it is to improve therapeutic effect and minimum by reasonable technology
The important channel for the treatment of side effect.
Compared with electro photoluminescence, light stimulus is not necessarily to and tissue directly contacts, with very good spatial selectivity, this be because
For laser beam concentration, fiber size be can change, to control irradiated area.Laser stimulation is to conplane nerve in this way
Selectivity is all right, and the stimulation to single nerve may be implemented.But to the neural selective stimulating in Different Plane or make
Nerve fibre inside one nerve tract but acquires a certain degree of difficulty according to sequence excitement from fine to coarse.Therefore, it is badly in need of opening in industry
Send out a kind of system that can carry out selective stimulating to nerve fibres different inside nerve tract.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome above the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of multichannel infrared laser thorn is provided
Swash system.
It is another object of the present invention to it is infrared sharp to provide a kind of multichannel in order to overcome above the shortcomings of the prior art
The method of light stimulus system selective stimulating nerve fibre.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution:
A kind of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system, comprising: physiological signal recorder, infrared laser array, fiber array,
Fiber clamp, recording electrode and computer;The output coupling of the infrared laser array to fiber array input terminal, it is described
The output end of fiber array is fixed on fiber clamp and face beam nerve to be stimulated, and one end of each recording electrode is respectively fitted over
In the different branches of beam nerve to be stimulated, branch's number of beam nerve to be stimulated is M branch, and the other end of each recording electrode in M >=2 is logical
It crosses lead to connect with physiological signal recorder, physiological signal recorder is also connected on computer, and computer is also and infrared laser
The connection of device array.
Preferably, the near infrared light that the laser of the infrared laser array output is wave-length coverage 780-1550nm.
Preferably, annulus is provided among the fiber clamp, beam nerve to be stimulated passes through from middle circle, the circle
It is provided with L channel between ring and the edge of the fiber clamp and in cross-sectional direction, L >=2, in the fiber array
The other end of optical fiber is fixed in channel and face beam nerve to be stimulated, the fiber count and channel number phase in the fiber array
Together.
Preferably, L=4, M=2.
Preferably, injection has external source absorbent in the beam nerve to be stimulated.
Preferably, the recording electrode is the three electrode Kraft electrodes made of turmeric on flexible polyimide substrate;
The infrared laser array includes power module and laser, and computer outputs control signals to power module, controls signal
Including applying pulse signal and current signal, power module controls the light-emitting mode of the laser according to applying pulse signal,
Power module controls the luminous intensity of laser according to current signal;Wherein, when applying pulse signal is high level, laser hair
Light;When applying pulse signal is low level, laser is closed.
Another object of the present invention is realized by the following technical solution:
A kind of method of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system selective stimulating nerve fibre, comprising:
Step 1 connects the input terminal of the output end of infrared laser array and fiber array;Physiological signal is recorded
Instrument is separately connected recording electrode and computer by conducting wire;
Recording electrode is rolled into the size to match with the diameter of beam nerve to be stimulated by step 2, by each recording electrode
It covers in each branch of beam nerve to be stimulated;
External source absorbent is injected beam nerve to be stimulated by step 3;Kraft fiber clamp covers on beam nerve to be stimulated, will
The output end of fiber array is separately fixed in the channel of fiber clamp, the distance of adjusting optical fiber to beam nerve to be stimulated;
Step 4 is established the physical model that laser stimulates nerve-selective by Comsol simulation software, is obtained cocked
Swash different nerve fibres in nerve tract and selectively activates required laser parameter design scheme;
Step 5, the design scheme and the collected each nerve point of physiological signal recorder that computer is obtained according to step 4
The light-emitting mode and intensity of branch information output control signal control laser, realize the selective regulation to each branch of nerve.
Preferably, step 4 includes:
The geometrical model of the beam nerve to be stimulated of two-dimensional surface is established in Comsol simulation software;
Bioheat equation physical definition is carried out in the geometrical model;
The parameter of each laser is set in Comsol simulation software, and is solved to be stimulated under the laser irradiation of corresponding parameter
The transient temperature field distribution of nerve tract, obtains the scheme that each nerve fibre is selectively activated in beam nerve to be stimulated.
Preferably, the geometrical model packet of the beam nerve to be stimulated that two-dimensional surface is established in Comsol simulation software
Include: Shu Yuanxin nerve to be stimulated is located at coordinate origin, and horizontal axis is X-axis, and the longitudinal axis is Y-axis, it is assumed that beam radius nerve to be stimulated is
0.5mm, laser are irradiated from A (0,0.5), B (0.5,0), four positions C (0, -0.5), D (- 0.5,0), and away from nerve
0.3mm, and for taking the nerve fibre (N1, N2 ... N13) in beam nerve to be stimulated at 13 representative locations, establish out two dimension
The beam geometry model nerve to be stimulated of plane, wherein N1, the coordinate of N2 ... N13 nerve fibre are as shown in table 1;
The coordinate of table 1.N1, N2 ... N13 nerve fibre
Preferably, in the geometrical model carry out bioheat equation physical definition include: wherein heat transfer equation be
Pennes heat transfer equation, Pennes heat transfer equation are as follows:
Wherein, ρ is biological tissue density;C is the specific heat of biological tissue;K is biological tissue's thermal conductivity;T is tissue temperature;
ρbFor density of blood;ωbFor blood perfusion rate;CbFor blood specific heat;TbFor arterial blood temperature;T is to calculate the time;QmetIt is new old
It is metabolized heat source;QlaserFor laser heat source item;
Heat source item Q in formula (1)laserAbsorption from tissue to laser energy, the propagation one of laser in the tissue
Part is absorbed by tissue, and a part is scattered, some is reflected or is reflected;Therefore A, B, C, tetra- laser irradiations of D
Caused heat source item is respectively as follows:
A:
B:
C:
D:
Wherein, μaFor absorption coefficient, R be specular reflectivity,It is close for each channel incident flux
Degreeω0It is laser power for a tight waist, P.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with the existing technology
The present invention reads the collected signal of recording electrode institute by physiological signal recorder, and computer is responsible for signal reality
When display and store, and emulated not according to the collected information of physiological signal recorder and by Comsol simulation software
The light-emitting mode of the output control signal control laser of laser parameter design scheme required for being selectively activated with nerve fibre
And intensity is solved existing only by single electricity thorn with realizing selective activation or the inhibition to nerve fibres different in nerve tract
The problem of swashing and being difficult to realize to nerve fibre selective stimulatings different in same nerve tract.Furthermore the present invention uses penetration depth
Deeper near-infrared laser is irradiated, and injects absorption of the external source absorbent enhancing to near-infrared laser, so that deep layer is neural
The stimulation of tissue is possibly realized.Therefore the present invention is of great significance for improving the current treatment status of nervous function disease, has
There are high economic benefit and social benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the tomograph of fiber clamp of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of fiber clamp of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the process signal of the method for multichannel infrared laser stimulating system selective stimulating nerve fibre of the invention
Figure.
Fig. 5 is the nerve tract geometrical model 2 d plane picture that the present invention establishes.
Specific embodiment
Below by taking the infrared light stimulus system in 4 tunnels as an example, and using bullfrog sciatic nerve as research object, in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation
Example carries out complete, detailed description to the present invention.It is apparent that described embodiment is one of present subject matter range
Point, it is not whole embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1-3, a kind of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system, comprising: physiological signal recorder 1, infrared laser battle array
Column 2, fiber array 3, fiber clamp 4, recording electrode 5 and computer 6;The quantity of recording electrode 5 is two;The infrared laser
To the input terminal of fiber array 3, the output end of the fiber array 3 is fixed on fiber clamp 4 simultaneously the output coupling of device array 2
Face bullfrog sciatic nerve beam, one end of each recording electrode 5 are respectively fitted in the different branches of bullfrog sciatic nerve beam, bullfrog
Branch's number of sciatic nerve beam is two;The other end of each recording electrode 5 is connect by lead with physiological signal recorder 1,
Physiological signal recorder 1 is connected on computer 6, and computer 6 is also connected with infrared laser array 2.
Recording electrode 5 is respectively fitted in the different branches of sciatic nerve fiber, and passes through lead and physiological signal recorder 1
Connection, while physiological signal recorder 1 is connected on computer 6, physiological signal recorder 1 reads recording electrode 5 and is collected
Signal, computer 6 is responsible for by signal real-time display and storing, while sending control signal to infrared laser array 2.
On the present embodiment, the output coupling to fiber array 3 of the infrared laser array 2, for irradiating ischium mind
Through the nerve fibre in beam.The laser that the infrared laser array 2 exports is the near infrared light of wave-length coverage 780-1550nm,
Its penetration depth with higher can stimulate the nerve fibre of deep layer.Since biological tissue is to near-infrared laser
Absorption coefficient is more much lower than common infrared laser, and in practical operation, the external source for having high absorbability to light is absorbed
Agent is injected into nerve fiber, to promote temperature of the nerve fiber when receiving near-infrared laser irradiation, needed for further decreasing
The energy of near-infrared laser.
Annulus 41 is provided among the present embodiment, the fiber clamp 4, nerve tract passes through from middle circle 41, institute
It states between annulus 41 and the edge of the fiber clamp 4 and there are four channel 42, the optical fiber arrays for setting in cross-sectional direction
The other end of optical fiber 31 in column 3 is fixed in channel 42 and face bullfrog sciatic nerve beam, the optical fiber in the fiber array 3
31 numbers are identical with 42 numbers of channel, 4 material of fiber clamp selection good biocompatibility, the material of high temperature resistant and good mechanical property,
The annulus 41 in center can be designed to different size according to the thickness of nerve, and four channels 42 place four optical fiber 31, light respectively
Fibre 31 is fixed in each channel 42 and guarantees that optical fiber 31 exports face nerve, by four optical fiber 31 surround nerve tract one week into
Row irradiation.Optical fiber 31 is by control come the irradiation distance of command range nerve at a distance from 41 edge of central annulus.The annulus
Screw thread 34 is provided between 41 and the edge of the fiber clamp 4 and in cross-sectional direction, for fixed by the fibre clip
The upper half and lower half of tool are fixed up.
In the present embodiment, the recording electrode 5 is to be on the very thin flexible polyimide substrate easily crimped of a plane
Three electrode Kraft electrode made of the turmeric of face.The recording electrode 5 can be rolled into different straight according to the nerve fibre of different thicknesses
The Kraft electrode ring set of diameter acquires electroneurographic signal on nerve, in the pin extraction wire of Kraft electrode, carries out data acquisition.
The physiological signal recorder 1 is connected with recording electrode 5 by lead, and the physiological signal recorder 1 is for real
When acquisition light stimulus under neural electric signal.Physiological signal recorder 1 connect computer 6 by collected signal real-time display simultaneously
Storage.The infrared laser array 2 includes power module and laser, and computer 6 outputs control signals to power module, is controlled
Signal processed includes applying pulse signal and current signal, and power module controls shining for the laser according to applying pulse signal
Mode, power module control the luminous intensity of laser according to current signal;Wherein, when applying pulse signal is high level, swash
Light device shines;When applying pulse signal is low level, laser is closed.
Referring to fig. 4-5, the method for above-mentioned multichannel infrared laser stimulating system selective stimulating nerve fibre, comprising:
The output end of infrared laser array 2 is connect by S1 with fiber array 3;Physiological signal recorder 1 is passed through into conducting wire
The lead and computer 6 being separately connected on recording electrode 5;
Recording electrode 5 is rolled into the size to match with the diameter of bullfrog sciatic nerve by S2, by 5 sets of each recording electrode
In the Liang Ge branch of bullfrog sciatic nerve fiber, to record the electrical activity of different nerve fibres.
External source absorbent is injected bullfrog sciatic nerve by S3;4 sets of Kraft fiber clamp on bullfrog sciatic nerve beam, are incited somebody to action
The output end of four optical fiber 31 is separately fixed in four channels 42 of fiber clamp 4, is adjusted optical fiber 31 and is arrived bullfrog sciatic nerve
Distance be 0.3mm, the infrared laser for enabling laser to export is irradiated to corresponding neural beam position by optical fiber 31.
S4 establishes laser to the physical model of bullfrog sciatic nerve selective stimulating by Comsol simulation software, obtains
Laser parameter design scheme required for different nerve fibres selectively activate in nerve tract;
S5, computer 6 is according to the step S4 design scheme obtained and the collected each nervous ramification of physiological signal recorder
The light-emitting mode and intensity of information output control signal control laser, realize the selectivity tune to each branch of bullfrog sciatic nerve
Control (stimulation or inhibition).In the present embodiment, step S4 includes:
S41 establishes the geometrical model of the bullfrog sciatic nerve beam of two-dimensional surface in Comsol simulation software;Specifically,
Step S41 includes:
Bullfrog sciatic nerve Shu Yuanxin is located at coordinate origin, and horizontal axis is X-axis, and the longitudinal axis is Y-axis, it is assumed that bullfrog sciatic nerve beam
Radius is 0.5mm, and laser is irradiated from A (0,0.5), B (0.5,0), four positions C (0, -0.5), D (- 0.5,0), and away from
Bullfrog sciatic nerve 0.3mm, and take the nerve fibre (N1, N2 ... N13) in frog sciatic nerve beam at 13 representative locations to be
Example, establishes out the nerve tract geometrical model of two-dimensional surface, wherein N1, the coordinate of N2 ... N13 nerve fibre is as shown in table 1;
The coordinate of table 1. N1, N2 ... N13 nerve fibre
S42 carries out bioheat equation physical definition in the geometrical model of bullfrog sciatic nerve beam;Specifically, step
S42 includes:
The mechanism of light stimulus nerve is mainly photo-thermal effect, and when temperature is increased to certain threshold value, nerve is activated, because
What this this model calculated is the distribution of laser irradiation nerve tract transient state temperature field, and selected physical field module is bioheat mould
Block, since metabolic heat production is more much smaller than heat production of the laser in nerve tract, so selecting to ignore not in actual simulation process
Meter.Here famous Pennes heat transfer equation is selected.
Pennes heat transfer equation are as follows:
Wherein, ρ is biological tissue density;C is the specific heat of biological tissue;K is biological tissue's thermal conductivity;T is tissue temperature;
ρbFor density of blood;ωbFor blood perfusion rate;CbFor blood specific heat;TbFor arterial blood temperature;T is to calculate the time;QmetIt is new old
It is metabolized heat source;QlaserFor laser heat source item;
Heat source item Q in formula (1)laserAbsorption from tissue to laser energy, the propagation one of laser in the tissue
Part is absorbed by tissue, and a part is scattered, some is reflected or is reflected;Therefore A, B, C, tetra- laser irradiations of D
Caused heat source item is respectively as follows:
A:
B:
C:
D:
Wherein, μaFor absorption coefficient, R be specular reflectivity,It is close for each channel incident flux
Degreeω0It is laser power for a tight waist, P (setting range is 0~10W);
Two arbitrary boundary conditions of this model specification simultaneously, First Boundary Condition are that nerve with laser heating surface is set as nature
Convection boundary condition, coefficient of heat convection h and environment temperature between input and air are 25 DEG C;Second boundary is boundary condition
It is set as the boundary condition of Dirichlet constant temperature, sets the initial temperature of nerve tract as 37 DEG C.
S43, is arranged the parameter of each laser in Comsol simulation software, and solves refreshing under the laser irradiation of corresponding parameter
Transient temperature field distribution through beam finally obtains the scheme that each nerve fibre is selectively activated in bullfrog sciatic nerve beam.
Specifically, with 6 DEG C of temperature rise for activation threshold, when temperature is more than 6 DEG C, nerve fibre is activated.Finally in Comsol
Simulation software setting laser parameter simultaneously solves the nerve fibre (N1, N2 ... N13) obtained in nerve tract at 13 representative locations
In the scheme that is selectively activated of any nerve fibre.Table 2 provides the corresponding selectively activated laser parameter of nerve fibre and sets
It sets, as shown in table 2, it is seen then that may be implemented by the multichannel infrared laser of design to nerve fibres different in same nerve tract
Selective activation.
The selectively activated laser parameter setting of 2. nerve fibre of table
It should be noted that the nerve fibre of other positions does not swash when nerve fibre corresponding in table 2 is activated
It is living.
Above-mentioned specific embodiment is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not be limited the invention, and others are appointed
The change or other equivalent substitute modes what is made without departing from technical solution of the present invention, are included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system characterized by comprising physiological signal recorder, infrared laser array,
Fiber array, fiber clamp, recording electrode and computer;
To the input terminal of fiber array, the output end of the fiber array is fixed on the output coupling of the infrared laser array
On fiber clamp and face beam nerve to be stimulated, one end of each recording electrode is respectively fitted over the different branches of beam nerve to be stimulated
On, branch's number of beam nerve to be stimulated is M branch, M >=2;The other end of each recording electrode is recorded by lead and physiological signal
Instrument connection, physiological signal recorder are also connected on computer, and computer is also connected with infrared laser array.
2. multichannel infrared laser stimulating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the infrared laser array is defeated
Laser out is the near infrared light of wave-length coverage 780-1550nm.
3. multichannel infrared laser stimulating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that setting among the fiber clamp
There is annulus, beam nerve to be stimulated passes through from middle circle, between the annulus and the edge of the fiber clamp and transversal
It is provided with L channel on the direction of face, the other end of L >=2, the optical fiber in the fiber array is fixed in channel and face is cocked
Swash nerve tract, the fiber count in the fiber array is identical with channel number.
4. multichannel infrared laser stimulating system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that L=4, M=2.
5. multichannel infrared laser stimulating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that infused in the beam nerve to be stimulated
External source absorbent is penetrated.
6. multichannel infrared laser stimulating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the recording electrode is in flexibility
Three electrode Kraft electrode made of turmeric above polyimide substrate;
The infrared laser array includes power module and laser, and computer outputs control signals to power module, control
Signal includes applying pulse signal and current signal, and power module controls the luminous mould of the laser according to applying pulse signal
Formula, power module control the luminous intensity of laser according to current signal;Wherein, when applying pulse signal is high level, laser
Device shines;When applying pulse signal is low level, laser is closed.
7. a kind of method of multichannel infrared laser stimulating system selective stimulating nerve fibre characterized by comprising
Step 1 connects the input terminal of the output end of infrared laser array and fiber array;Physiological signal recorder is led to
It crosses conducting wire and is separately connected recording electrode and computer;
Recording electrode is rolled into the size to match with the diameter of beam nerve to be stimulated by step 2, and each recording electrode is covered
In each branch of beam nerve to be stimulated;
External source absorbent is injected beam nerve to be stimulated by step 3;Kraft fiber clamp covers on beam nerve to be stimulated, by optical fiber
The output end of array is separately fixed in the channel of fiber clamp, the distance of adjusting optical fiber to beam nerve to be stimulated;
Step 4 establishes the physical model that laser stimulates nerve-selective by Comsol simulation software, obtains mind to be stimulated
Laser parameter design scheme required for different nerve fibres selectively activate in beam;
Step 5, the collected each nervous ramification of design scheme and physiological signal recorder that computer is obtained according to step 4 believe
The light-emitting mode and intensity of breath output control signal control laser, realize the selective regulation to each branch of nerve.
8. the method for multichannel infrared laser stimulating system selective stimulating nerve fibre according to claim 7, feature
It is, step 4 includes:
The geometrical model of the beam nerve to be stimulated of two-dimensional surface is established in Comsol simulation software;
Bioheat equation physical definition is carried out in the geometrical model;
The parameter of each laser is set in Comsol simulation software, and is solved nerve to be stimulated under the laser irradiation of corresponding parameter
The transient temperature field distribution of beam, obtains the scheme that each nerve fibre is selectively activated in beam nerve to be stimulated.
9. the method for multichannel infrared laser stimulating system selective stimulating nerve fibre according to claim 8, feature
It is, the geometrical model of the beam nerve to be stimulated that two-dimensional surface is established in Comsol simulation software includes:
Shu Yuanxin nerve to be stimulated is located at coordinate origin, and horizontal axis is X-axis, and the longitudinal axis is Y-axis, it is assumed that beam radius nerve to be stimulated is
0.5mm, laser are irradiated from A (0,0.5), B (0.5,0), four positions C (0, -0.5), D (- 0.5,0), and away from nerve
0.3mm, and for taking the nerve fibre (N1, N2 ... N13) in beam nerve to be stimulated at 13 representative locations, establish out two dimension
The beam geometry model nerve to be stimulated of plane, wherein N1, the coordinate of N2 ... N13 nerve fibre are as shown in table 1;
The coordinate of table 1.N1, N2 ... N13 nerve fibre
。
10. the method for multichannel infrared laser stimulating system selective stimulating nerve fibre according to claim 8, feature
It is, bioheat equation physical definition is carried out in the geometrical model includes:
Wherein heat transfer equation is Pennes heat transfer equation, Pennes heat transfer equation are as follows:
Wherein, ρ is biological tissue density;C is the specific heat of biological tissue;K is biological tissue's thermal conductivity;T is tissue temperature;ρbFor
Density of blood;ωbFor blood perfusion rate;CbFor blood specific heat;TbFor arterial blood temperature;T is to calculate the time;QmetFor metabolism
Heat source;QlaserFor laser heat source item;
Heat source item Q in formula (1)laserAbsorption from tissue to laser energy, the propagation a part of laser in the tissue
It is absorbed by tissue, a part is scattered, some is reflected or is reflected;Caused by tetra- laser irradiations of A, B, C, D
Heat source item is respectively as follows:
A:
B:
C:
D:
Wherein, μaFor absorption coefficient, R be specular reflectivity,For each channel incident flux densityω0It is laser power for a tight waist, P.
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