CN109745435A - A kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum fritillaria thunbergii - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum fritillaria thunbergii Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum fritillaria thunbergii, specific steps are as follows: carries out cleaning rossing to fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material, is sliced, is put into microwave vacuum dryer and carries out micro-wave vacuum；Microwave vacuum drying process are as follows: vacuum degree is 3.2 ± 0.2kPa, microwave power is 4.5W/g, stop drying when fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material temperature is 50 DEG C ± 2 DEG C in hothouse, drying time is 10~40min, a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum fritillaria thunbergii disclosed by the invention can quickly be dried fritillaria thunbergii, drying process is not affected by the weather, and saves manpower, avoids being largely lost for fritillaria thunbergii Chinese medicine nutrient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing methods of Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii, particularly with regard to using in micro-wave vacuum
The processing method of medicinal material fritillaria thunbergii.
Background technique
((Fritillaria thunbergii Miq), alias Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, pearl shellfish belong to Liliaceae to fritillaria thunbergii
(Liliaceae)).Fritillaria herbaceos perennial.Main component has zhebeiresinol, verticinone, Peimisine, fritillaria sweet smell, shellfish
Fixed, fritillaria thunbergii two of mother etc., is used as medicine with dry bulb.Fritillaria thunbergii has very high medical value as rare traditional Chinese medicine.According to " this
Careless detailed outline " it records, fritillaria cold nature, sweet-bitter flavor, cure mainly typhoid fever dysphoria with smothery sensation, cough stops gas, five viscera settling, sharp marrow, dissolving phlegm, the profit heart
Lung has anti-inflammatory detumescence, treatment carbuncle and furuncle and pyogenic infections and other effects concurrently.Record again according to " Chinese medicinal herbal ": fritillaria has a clearing heat and moistening lung, preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing,
Dissipating bind function.It is glued for phlegm-heat cough, phlegm uncomfortable in chest, cold disease, sore swollen toxin.
Fritillaria thunbergii is transferred to family's kind by wild in clear Kangxu's age, is come out at that time by Xiangshan peasant planting, therefore has " Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii " again
Title.Yinxian County plantation is passed to before about more than 300 years by Xiangshan, Yinxian County is with being increasingly becoming the main product of fritillaria thunbergii.Fritillaria thunbergii exists
Reasonable time in planting range it is narrow, almost form the situation on " ground production, supply the whole nation ", resource is extremely in short supply.Six or seven
After the ten's, under help from government, the positive introducing and planting in area that natural conditions are suitable for arrives the eighties early period, fritillaria thunbergii
Planting area expands rapidly.After the nineties, with going deep into for China's structural readjustment of rural industry, fritillaria thunbergii
To all round area extension, Nantong, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Yuyao, Zhoushan, Jinhua, the Lishui producing region Deng Xin have been gradually formed.Mesh
Preceding fritillaria thunbergii cultivated area is more than 30,000 mu, produces dried scallop per year up to 5000 tons, the output value is more than 500,000,000 yuan.
Sulfur fumigation is a kind of traditional fritillaria thunbergii maintenance process, is played centainly on the storage of fritillaria thunbergii and keeping
Positive effect, such as bleaching, Perishing prevention, anti-mildew, Anti-moth-eating.But studies have shown that the dioxy after sulfur fumigation in fritillaria thunbergii
Biggish harm can be generated to human health by changing sulphur, found safe and efficient controllable sulfur fumigation substitute technology-without sulphur and processed skill
Art, it has also become one of the critical issue of current fritillaria thunbergii industry development.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergiis
Processing method, replace tradition to dry mode with oven drying with micro-wave vacuum, have processing speed fast, operating process
Simply, it is dry to solve existing fritillaria thunbergii for the advantages that chemical component is lost small, and energy consumption is small and high production efficiency, and dry mass is good
The problems such as generally existing drying time is long in dry processing technology, large labor intensity, is affected by natural weather.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs technical solutions below:
A kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii the following steps are included:
(1) fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material is chosen, is cleaned；
(2) the fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material after cleaning is sliced, removes radicula；
(3) the fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material after slice is put into microwave vacuum dryer and carries out micro-wave vacuum, microwave drying
Technique are as follows: vacuum degree be 3.2 ± 0.2kPa, microwave power 4.5W/g, drying time be 10~40min, obtain having dried
Complete fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material.
Preferably, in the step (1), which is that shape size and length are uniform, no disease and pests harm, no scabbing
Mature bulb.
Preferably, in the step (2), which is 2~3cm.
Preferably, in the step (3), stop drying when fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material temperature is 50 DEG C ± 2 DEG C in hothouse.
Preferably, in the step (3), drying time 20min.
Preferably, in the step (3), the Peimine content for the fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material which finishes is not less than 0.065%,
Verticinone content is no less than 0.035%, and water content is between 8.0~10.0%.
The present invention replaces tradition to dry and oven drying due to the technical solution more than using, with micro-wave vacuum
Mode has processing speed fast, and operating process is simple, and chemical component loss is small, and energy consumption is small and high production efficiency, dry mass are good
The advantages that, solve in the dry processing technology of existing fritillaria thunbergii that generally existing drying time is long, large labor intensity, by natural day
The problems such as gas is affected.
The present invention organically combines two technologies of microwave drying and vacuum drying, has given full play to microwave drying and vacuum is dry
Dry respective advantage, under vacuum conditions, microwave energy quickly heats from inside to outside, is easy the heat transfer of moisture relatively,
Therefore drying time greatly shortens, and production efficiency is improved, and energy consumption is substantially reduced.The present invention is true by research fritillaria thunbergii microwave
Empty drying process, analyzes influence of each technological parameter of micro-wave vacuum to fritillaria thunbergii quality, and optimization obtains micro-wave vacuum
Optimum process.The implementation of the technique can be effectively retained Peimine and verticinone contained in fritillaria thunbergii, reduce chemistry at
The loss divided improves the appearance of fritillaria thunbergii, shortens drying time, improves production efficiency, and microwave itself can play sterilizing
Effect, be conducive to the storage of fritillaria thunbergii.
Specific embodiment
A kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii, fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and removes radicula,
Slice, slice thickness are 2~3cm, if slice it is blocked up will lead to fritillaria thunbergii it is dry when uneven heating, it is excessively thin to make to be sliced
It is fast by heated drying, be lost moisture and chemical substance too fast, 2~3cm be the preferred value being sliced, and it is true that slice is put into microwave
Micro-wave vacuum is carried out in empty drying machine；Microwave vacuum drying process are as follows: vacuum degree is 3.2 ± 0.2kPa, and microwave power is
4.5W/g stops drying when fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material temperature is 50 DEG C ± 2 DEG C in hothouse, and drying time is 10~40min, preferably
For 20min.In micro-wave vacuum treated fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material: Peimine content is not less than 0.065%, and verticinone contains
Amount no less than 0.035%, water content is between 8.0~10.0%.
Comparative example 1: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 3.2kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 2.5W/g, control temperature of charge 46 DEG C~50 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 40min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 9.26%.
Comparative example 2: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 3.2kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 3.5W/g, control temperature of charge 46 DEG C~50 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 38min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 9.16%.
Comparative example 3: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 3.2kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 4.5W/g, control temperature of charge 46 DEG C~50 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 32min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 9.06%.
Comparative example 4: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 3.2kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 5.5W/g, control temperature of charge 46 DEG C~50 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 28min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 9.64%.
Comparative example 5: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 9.0kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 4.5W/g, control temperature of charge 46 DEG C~50 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 32min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 10.02%.
Comparative example 6: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 7.0kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 4.5W/g, control temperature of charge 46 DEG C~50 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 32min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 10.14%.
Comparative example 7: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 5.0kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 4.5W/g, control temperature of charge 46 DEG C~50 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 32min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 9.26%.
Comparative example 8: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 3.0kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 4.5W/g, control temperature of charge 35 DEG C~40 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 32min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 17.42%.
Comparative example 9: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods is cleaned, and is removed radicula, is weighed 100g, is sliced, is selected vacuum degree for 3.0kPa,
Set in microwave drying oven, carry out micro-wave vacuum, select microwave power 4.5W/g, control temperature of charge 55 DEG C~60 DEG C it
Between it is i.e. out of service, total drying time is 20min, and fritillaria thunbergii water content after dry is 6.24%.
Under the conditions of microwave vacuum, the wet basis water-cut variation very little of dry initial stage material, with dry continuation into
It goes, the hydrone inside material shakes aggravation, and more energy switch to heat, and moisture content change is very big, after the drying the phase, object
Material is internal to gradually form loose porous shape, and thermal conductivity starts to weaken, and microwave energy leads to temperature of charge rapid increase, rapid increase
Inflection point between 46 DEG C~50 DEG C, show temperature of charge moisture content tend towards stability (moisture content 10.0%-12.0% it
Between).The present invention utilizes ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography, to the sample of the above comparative example carry out polyoses content,
The index determining of protein content and fritillaria thunbergii alkaloid, chemically component loss rate evaluates best comparative example.As a result
It is shown in Table 1.
1 different instances fritillaria thunbergii alkaloid of table and chemical composition content compare
It is shown from 1 data of table it can be seen that 1. different technical parameters carry out polysaccharide in micro-wave vacuum fritillaria thunbergii sample
Content range is 0.624%-0.856%, and with the increase of microwave power, fritillaria thunbergii polyoses content content is on a declining curve, by
The drying temperature of fritillaria thunbergii can be increased in the increase of microwave power, high temperature can destroy polysaccharide, so that polyoses content be made to reduce.To dry
In the dry later period, with the reduction of material moisture, microwave power is bigger, and fritillaria thunbergii internal temperature is higher, the degradation of fritillaria thunbergii polysaccharide
More.Meanwhile fritillaria thunbergii polysaccharide increases with the raising of vacuum degree, when microwave power is constant, vacuum degree is higher, fritillaria thunbergii water
Boiling point needed for dividing evaporation is lower, to reduce the temperature of fritillaria thunbergii in drying process.Vacuum degree is higher, drying process
Temperature is lower, and polysaccharide is affected by temperature just smaller, and polysaccharide degradation is fewer, while vacuum degree is higher, and required drying time is shorter,
The drying of short time also reduces polyoses content loss.2. being investigated from Protein Index ingredient, when vacuum degree is constant, with micro-
The raising of wave power, drying temperature is higher, and drying time is shorter, protein content in fritillaria thunbergii between adjacent microwave power
Difference reduce, but when microwave power is increased to 5.5W/g, easily occur being charred phenomenon, thus select microwave power 4.5W/g for
Preferably.Meanwhile with the raising of vacuum degree, fritillaria thunbergii protein content slightly rises, but protein content between adjacent vacuum degree
Difference is little, and under vacuum conditions, fixed microwave power, vacuum degree is higher, and boiling point needed for moisture evaporation is lower, corresponding to drop
The low drying temperature of fritillaria thunbergii, while the time of dry microwave is also shorter, but when vacuum degree is between 2.0kPa and 100Pa,
Electric arc (type discharge blue light) phenomenon is easy to appear, in the vacuum ranges, it is not recommended that use microwave drying.Select vacuum degree for
3.2kPa being advisable.3. being investigated from fritillaria thunbergii alkaloid component, when vacuum degree is constant, with being stepped up for microwave power, Zhejiang
Fritillaria Peimine and verticinone content are in be gradually increasing trend, but difference reduces between adjacent microwave power, this may be
Because drying time needed for microwave power is higher is shorter, drying in short-term can reduce fritillaria thunbergii Peimine and verticinone content
Loss, but when microwave power reach 5.5W/g when, easily cause part fritillaria thunbergii to occur being charred phenomenon, influence fritillaria thunbergii exterior quality
And interior quality, therefore microwave power 4.5W/g is selected to be dried.Meanwhile with the raising of vacuum degree, fritillaria thunbergii Peimine
On the rise with verticinone content, under vacuum conditions, vacuum degree is higher, and boiling point needed for moisture evaporation is lower, phase
The drying temperature that fritillaria thunbergii should be reduced, reduces the drying time of fritillaria thunbergii, and material is for a long time under microwave radiation,
The content of fritillaria thunbergii Peimine and verticinone is may be decreased, but the difference of changes of contents is not fairly obvious, due to microwave
Under state, arc phenomenon easily occurs between 2.0kPa and 100Pa for vacuum degree, in the vacuum ranges, it is not recommended that uses microwave
It is dry.Therefore selection vacuum degree is advisable in 3.0kPa or so progress microwave drying.4. dry when vacuum degree and constant microwave power
Degree depends on the time of microwave drying operation, and displays temperature energy side reflects the degree of drying of material in microwave cavity, when
Between it is too short, dry requirement is not achieved in moisture content of material, and overlong time, material, which is easy to appear, is charred phenomenon, in this experimental condition
Under, when between 46 DEG C~50 DEG C, moisture content of material is shown displays temperature substantially between 8.0-12.0% in microwave cavity
When temperature is more than 52 DEG C, fraction material starts yellowing and is charred sign, and when displays temperature reaches 60 DEG C, material is charred bright
Aobvious, chemical component is destroyed serious.Therefore when control displays temperature is between 46 DEG C~50 DEG C, i.e. judgement drying terminates.
Verify example:
It takes fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material fresh goods to clean, removes radicula, weigh 100g, be sliced, select vacuum degree for 3.2kPa, set microwave
In drying box, micro-wave vacuum is carried out, selects microwave power 4.5W/g, temperature of charge is controlled and stops between 46 DEG C~50 DEG C
It only runs, total drying time is 20min, totally three parts, obtains the chemical composition content of dry fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material as a result, being shown in Table 2.
2 micro-wave vacuum verification test result of table
The above result shows that: under the drying condition, polyoses content is no less than 0.745% in fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material, and protein contains
Amount is not less than 45mgg-1, Peimine content is not less than 0.065%, and verticinone content is no less than 0.035%, and water content exists
Between 8.0~10.0%.
Comparative example:
The polysaccharide in fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material that the micro-wave vacuum of comparative example 3, existing method 1 and existing method 2 are processed
Content, protein content, Peimine and verticinone content are compared, and are shown in Table 3.
3 different processing methods fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material chemical composition content of table compares
The result shows that: fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material is more in the fritillaria thunbergii sample of existing method 1 and 2 after 3 different processing methods are handled
There is a degree of decline in sugared content, protein content, Peimine and verticinone content, illustrate to use microwave vacuum
Seasoning reduces the loss of chemical component in fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material, therefore, it is considered that the method for processing fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material of the invention is
Science is feasible, can promote the quality of fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material.
Specific implementation: sorting fritillaria thunbergii, chooses no disease and pests harm, the fritillaria thunbergii maturation bulb of no scabbing, tap water
It is cleaned, is sliced with slicer, is put into micro-wave vacuum case, holding vacuum degree is 3.2 ± 0.2kPa, is controlled micro-
Wave power is 4.5W/g, controls fritillaria thunbergii temperature 50 C ± 2 DEG C in hothouse, drying time 20min.
Under the drying condition, polyoses content is no less than 0.745% in fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material, and protein content is not less than 45mg
g-1, Peimine content is not less than 0.065%, and verticinone content is no less than 0.035%, water content 8.0~10.0% it
Between.
It is emphasized that: the above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not make in any form to the present invention
Limitation, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention,
All of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material is chosen, is cleaned；
(2) the fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material after cleaning is sliced；
(3) the fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material after slice is put into microwave vacuum dryer and carries out micro-wave vacuum, the work of microwave drying
Skill are as follows: vacuum degree is 3.2 ± 0.2kPa, and microwave power 4.5W/g, drying time is 10~40min, obtains what drying finished
Fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material.
2. a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step (1), the fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material is that shape size and length are uniform, no disease and pests harm, the mature bulb of no scabbing.
3. a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step (2), the slice thickness is 2~3cm.
4. a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step (3), stops drying when fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material temperature is 50 DEG C ± 2 DEG C in hothouse.
5. a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step (3), drying time 20min.
6. a kind of processing method of micro-wave vacuum Chinese medicine fritillaria thunbergii according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step (3), the Peimine content for the fritillaria thunbergii medicinal material that the drying finishes is not less than 0.065%, verticinone content
No less than 0.035%, water content is between 8.0~10.0%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113117010A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-16 | 南通御福源药业有限公司 | Fresh-cutting processing technology for producing area of thunberg fritillary bulb |
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| CN101878807A (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2010-11-10 | 戴永峰 | Method for processing thunberg fritillary bulb |
| CN101966204A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2011-02-09 | 周明千 | Microwave vacuum processing method for Chinese medicinal plant |
| CN103127368A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-06-05 | 浙江中医药大学中药饮片有限公司 | Fresh-cut processing method of thunberg fritillary bulb decoction slice |
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Application publication date: 20190514 |