CN109740805A - A kind of optimal Quantity analogy method of electric automobile charging station charging pile - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电动汽车充电站充电桩最优建设数量模拟方法，通过调查统计24小时内电动汽车用户的到站时刻和充电量数据，利用蒙特卡洛法对城市电动汽车24小时到站时刻和充电量进行模拟，基于模拟后所获得的数据，假设充电桩建设数为x，根据所统计的电动汽车到站时刻和充电量，分别计算每辆汽车在所假设的充电桩建设数下排队时长、充电时长和离桩时刻，分析在所假设充电桩建设数x时，该站内车辆排队时长、经历排队的用户人次以及充电桩占用和闲置数量，确定电动汽车充电站充电桩最优建设数量，本发明能够有效地解决充电桩设置过多而导致的充电桩闲置或者设置过少导致的站内排队拥堵问题，从而确定出最优的充电桩设置数量。The invention discloses a method for simulating the optimal construction quantity of charging piles for electric vehicle charging stations. By investigating and counting the arrival time and charging amount data of electric vehicle users within 24 hours, the Monte Carlo method is used to calculate the 24-hour arrival time of urban electric vehicles. The time and charging amount are simulated. Based on the data obtained after the simulation, assuming that the number of charging piles constructed is x, according to the statistics of the arrival time and charging amount of electric vehicles, calculate the assumed construction number of charging piles for each vehicle. The queuing time, charging time and the time of leaving the pile are analyzed. When the assumed number of charging piles is constructed x, the queuing time of vehicles in the station, the number of users who have experienced queuing, and the number of occupied and idle charging piles are analyzed to determine the optimal construction of charging piles for electric vehicle charging stations. The present invention can effectively solve the problem of idle charging piles caused by too many charging piles or queue congestion in the station caused by too few installations, so as to determine the optimal number of charging piles.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电动汽车充电技术领域，具体是一种电动汽车充电站充电桩最优建设数量模拟方法。The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle charging, in particular to a method for simulating the optimal construction quantity of charging piles of an electric vehicle charging station.
背景技术Background technique
随着全球各国大力发展电动汽车，相应的电动汽车充电站建设也随之逐渐兴起和完善。但由于缺乏实际的可以用于分析实时充电排队过程的特性的理论，造成充电站管理人员对理对站内车辆充电排队过程难以实时掌握，从而无法准确的设置充电桩建设数量，导致排队拥堵或充电桩冗余闲置。With the vigorous development of electric vehicles in various countries around the world, the construction of corresponding electric vehicle charging stations has gradually emerged and improved. However, due to the lack of practical theories that can be used to analyze the characteristics of the real-time charging queuing process, it is difficult for the charging station managers to grasp the charging queuing process of vehicles in the station in real time, so that the number of charging piles cannot be accurately set, resulting in queue congestion or charging. Pile redundant idle.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种电动汽车充电站充电桩最优建设数量模拟方法，有效避免了充电桩设置过多而导致的充电桩闲置或者设置过少导致的站内排队拥堵问题。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for simulating the optimal construction quantity of charging piles in an electric vehicle charging station, which effectively avoids the problem of queuing congestion in the station caused by idle charging piles caused by too many charging piles or too few installations.
一种电动汽车充电站充电桩最优建设数量模拟方法，包括以下步骤：A method for simulating the optimal construction quantity of charging piles in an electric vehicle charging station, comprising the following steps:
步骤1，调查统计24小时内电动汽车用户的到站时刻和充电量数据；Step 1: Investigate and count the arrival time and charging amount data of electric vehicle users within 24 hours;
步骤2，对步骤1所获取的到站时刻和充电量数据进行模拟，获得合适数量的到站时刻和充电量数据样本；Step 2, simulate the arrival time and charging capacity data obtained in step 1, and obtain an appropriate number of arrival time and charging capacity data samples;
步骤3，假设充电桩建设数为x，x＝1,2,…,N，根据所统计的电动汽车到站时刻和充电量，分别计算每辆汽车在所假设的充电桩建设数下排队时长、充电时长和离桩时刻；Step 3: Assuming that the number of charging piles constructed is x, x=1,2,...,N, according to the counted arrival time and charging amount of electric vehicles, calculate the queuing time of each vehicle under the assumed number of charging piles. , the charging time and the time of leaving the pile;
步骤4，分析在所假设充电桩建设数x时，该站内车辆排队时长、经历排队的用户人次以及充电桩占用和闲置数量，确定电动汽车充电站充电桩最优建设数量；Step 4: Analyze the queuing time of vehicles in the station, the number of users who have experienced queuing, and the number of occupied and idle charging piles when the assumed number of charging piles is constructed x, and determine the optimal construction number of charging piles for electric vehicle charging stations;
进一步，若包括用户j在内的当前站内充电和排队的车辆总数用户j不需要排队，用户j开始充电时刻等于其到站时刻则用户j经历的排队时长为：Further, if the total number of vehicles charged and queued in the current station including user j User j does not need to queue, user j starts charging time equal to its arrival time Then the queuing time experienced by user j is:
进一步，若包括用户j在内的当前站内充电和排队的车辆总数用户j需要排队，用户j的开始充电时刻个离开充电桩的用户的离桩时刻则用户经历的排队时长为：Further, if the total number of vehicles charged and queued in the current station including user j User j needs to queue, user j starts charging time The moment of leaving the charging pile for a user who leaves the charging pile Then the queuing time experienced by the user is:
进一步，所述计算每辆汽车充电时长方法为：Further, the method for calculating the charging time of each vehicle is:
其中，Tj为每辆汽车充电时长，Qj为用户充电量，v为充电数量；Among them, T j is the charging time of each car, Q j is the charging amount of the user, and v is the charging amount;
进一步，所述离桩时刻表示为：Further, the moment of leaving the pile is expressed as:
其中，为离桩时刻，Tj为每辆汽车充电时长。in, is the time of leaving the pile, and Tj is the charging time of each car.
进一步，所述模拟采用利用蒙特卡洛法对城市电动汽车24小时到站时刻和充电量进行模拟。Further, the simulation adopts the Monte Carlo method to simulate the 24-hour arrival time and charging amount of the urban electric vehicle.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
通过应用本发明所提出的方法，可以模拟不同充电桩预设数量下的站内充电排队过程，找到最佳的充电桩设置数量，从而避免充电桩建设冗余产生闲置浪费，也避免充电桩建设过少而造成充电排队拥堵，提升用户便利性。By applying the method proposed in the present invention, it is possible to simulate the charging queuing process in the station under the preset number of different charging piles, and find the best set number of charging piles, thereby avoiding idle waste caused by redundant construction of charging piles, and avoiding excessive construction of charging piles. It will cause congestion in charging queues and improve user convenience.
本方法可应用在充电站建设初期，通过调查统计或预测理论得到的用户到站时刻和充电量需求，结合本发明提出的实时排队过程理论，即可模拟不同充电桩预设值下的站内充电排队过程，准确有效地协助建设者预先找到最佳的充电桩设置数量。This method can be applied in the initial stage of charging station construction, and the user arrival time and charging capacity demand obtained through investigation statistics or prediction theory, combined with the real-time queuing process theory proposed by the present invention, can simulate the charging in the station under the preset values of different charging piles The queuing process can accurately and effectively assist builders to find the optimal number of charging piles in advance.
本发明可以应用在所有出现排队的服务类设施安置数量的模拟场景上，找出最佳的服务设施设置数量，能有效解决资源浪费和排队拥堵问题。The invention can be applied to all simulated scenarios of the number of service facilities in queue, find the best number of service facilities, and can effectively solve the problems of resource waste and queuing congestion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是用户j不经历排队情况示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a situation where user j does not experience queuing;
图2是用户j经历排队情况示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of user j experiencing queuing;
图3是站内所有用户总排队时长与充电桩预设数量x的关系曲线图；Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the total queuing time of all users in the station and the preset number x of charging piles;
图4是站内总排队人次与充电桩预设数量x的关系曲线图；Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the total number of queues in the station and the preset number x of charging piles;
图5是在充电桩预设数x＝10，用户j到站时，站内车辆总数与站内排队数曲线；Figure 5 is the curve of the total number of vehicles in the station and the number of queues in the station when the preset number of charging piles is x=10 and user j arrives at the station;
图6是不同充电桩预设数量下，用户j到站时站内车辆总数曲线；Figure 6 is the curve of the total number of vehicles in the station when user j arrives at the station under the preset number of different charging piles;
图7是不同充电桩预设数量下，用户j到站时站内排队数曲线。Figure 7 is a curve of the number of queues in the station when user j arrives at the station under the preset number of different charging piles.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
本发明所提出的一种电动汽车充电站充电桩最优建设数量模拟方法，具体步骤如下：The method for simulating the optimal construction quantity of charging piles for an electric vehicle charging station proposed by the present invention includes the following specific steps:
步骤1，调查统计24小时内电动汽车用户的到站时刻和充电量数据；Step 1: Investigate and count the arrival time and charging amount data of electric vehicle users within 24 hours;
步骤2，利用蒙特卡洛法对上步所采集的城市电动汽车24小时到站时刻和充电量进行模拟，获得合适数量的到站时刻和充电量数据样本；Step 2, use the Monte Carlo method to simulate the 24-hour arrival time and charging capacity of the urban electric vehicle collected in the previous step, and obtain an appropriate number of arrival time and charging capacity data samples;
步骤3，假设充电桩建设数为x，x＝1,2,…,N，根据所统计的电动汽车到站时刻和充电量，分别计算每辆汽车在所假设的充电桩建设数下排队时长、充电时长和离桩时刻；Step 3: Assuming that the number of charging piles constructed is x, x=1,2,...,N, according to the counted arrival time and charging amount of electric vehicles, calculate the queuing time of each vehicle under the assumed number of charging piles. , the charging time and the time of leaving the pile;
假设取电桩建设数为x＝5，此时某用户j驾驶电动汽车到达充电站进行接受充电服务，用户到站后会面临以下两种情况,分别计算用户的排队时长：Assuming that the number of power collection piles is x = 5, at this time a user j drives an electric vehicle to the charging station to receive charging services. After the user arrives at the station, he will face the following two situations. Calculate the user's queuing time respectively:
如图1所示，若站内充电桩空闲，不需要排队。用户开始充电时刻等于其到站时刻。即当时时，则用户经历的排队时长为，As shown in Figure 1, if the charging piles in the station are idle, there is no need to queue. The time when the user starts charging is equal to the time when the user arrives at the station. that time hour, Then the queuing time experienced by the user is,
无排队情况如图1所示，图例中，充电桩设置数量x＝5，用户j到站后站内车辆数因此满足则开始充电时刻排队时长 The situation without queuing is shown in Figure 1. In the legend, the number of charging piles is set to x=5, and the number of vehicles in the station after user j arrives at the station therefore satisfied start charging time queue time
如图2所示，若站内充电桩被全部占用，用户j需要排队等候。其开始充电时刻等于前面个用户中，第个离开充电桩的用户j的离桩时刻。即当时时，则用户经历的排队时长为，As shown in Figure 2, if all the charging piles in the station are occupied, user j needs to wait in line. Its start charging time is equal to the previous of users, the The moment when user j leaves the charging pile. that time hour, Then the queuing time experienced by the user is,
有排队情况如图2所示；图例中，充电桩设置数量x＝5，用户j到站后站内车辆数因此满足则开始充电时刻等于前面的个用户中，第个离开充电桩的用户的离桩时刻，即用户j开始充电时刻等于前面6个用户中，第2个用户的离桩时刻，即在第5号桩充电的这辆车的离桩时刻，故排队时长 The queuing situation is shown in Figure 2; in the legend, the number of charging piles is set to x=5, and the number of vehicles in the station after user j arrives at the station therefore satisfied Then the charging time is equal to the previous of users, the The time of leaving the pile of the user who leaves the charging pile, that is, the time when user j starts charging is equal to the time of leaving the pile of the second user among the first 6 users, that is, the time of leaving the pile of the car charged at the No. 5 pile, so queue time
由于本方法应用于充电桩建设前的充电排队模拟，因此，无法具体看见用户j前面正在充电和排队的个用户到底是哪几个用户。本专利通过用户j的到站时刻分别与前面j-1个用户的离桩时刻进行比较，必定会找到个用户的离桩时刻大于用户j的到站时刻，那么这些离桩时刻大于用户j到站时刻的用户，就是还在站内充电或者排队的前个用户。因此，在便利每个用户j时，还需要找到用户j到站时，站内前面车辆的离桩时刻，同时也顺便找到了此时的站内车辆数。Since this method is applied to the charging queuing simulation before the construction of the charging pile, it is impossible to see the charging and queuing in front of the user j. How many users are each user. In this patent, by comparing the arrival time of user j with the departure time of the previous j-1 users, it is certain to find The departure time of each user is greater than the arrival time of user j, then these users whose departure time is greater than the arrival time of user j are still in the station before charging or queuing. users. Therefore, in order to facilitate each user j, it is also necessary to find out when user j arrives at the station, The time when the vehicle leaves the pile, and the number of vehicles in the station at this time is also found.
计算用户充电结束离桩时刻等于用户开始充电时刻加用户的充电时长，等于用户充电量除以用户所选的充电速度， Calculate the time when the user finishes charging and leaving the pile is equal to the time when the user starts charging plus the user's charging time, Equals the user charge divided by the user's selected charge speed,
将用户按到站时刻先后顺序排列，依次记为用户j＝1,2,3,…,N。对于每个用户j，再分别计算其开始充电时刻，排队时长，充电时长和离桩时刻；本发明中用户的开始充电时刻需要根据前面用户的离桩时刻进行计算，因此本方法需要从最早到站的用户逐个往后计算其各项参数，并各参数转化为以秒为单位，以方便运算。Arrange the users in the order of arrival time, and record them as user j=1, 2, 3, . . . , N in turn. For each user j, calculate the charging start time, queuing time, charging time and the time of leaving the pile. The user of the station calculates its parameters one by one, and converts the parameters into seconds to facilitate the calculation.
步骤4，重新选取充电桩建设数x，重复上述步骤计算，获得如图3、4、5、6、7所示的该站在不同充电桩预设数x下的站内车辆排队时长、经历排队的用户人次以及充电桩占用和闲置数量，分析后可以找到一个使得站内排队时长恰好为0的最小充电桩预设值当时，无论x取何值，站内排队时长始终为0，且存在个充电桩一直处于闲置状态，造成资源浪费；当时，站内将产生排队。随着x取值减小，排队时长不断增加，排队人数不断增加，造成充电拥堵。Step 4: Re-select the number of charging piles x, repeat the above steps to calculate, and obtain the queuing time and queuing experience of vehicles in the station under the preset number x of charging piles as shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. The number of users and the number of occupied and idle charging piles can be found after analysis to find a minimum charging pile preset value that makes the queue time in the station exactly 0 when , no matter what the value of x is, the queuing time in the station is always 0, and there is A charging pile has been in an idle state, resulting in a waste of resources; when , there will be queues in the station. As the value of x decreases, the queuing time continues to increase, and the number of people queuing continues to increase, resulting in charging congestion.
以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的设计思想和特点，其目的在于使本领域内的技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，本发明的保护范围不限于上述实施例。所以，凡依据本发明所揭示的原理、设计思路所作的等同变化或修饰，均在本发明的保护范围之内。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the principles and design ideas disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN112785770A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-11 | 江苏大学 | Dynamic entity queuing model construction method based on time series |
| CN117875672A (en) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-12 | 云南山高新能源有限公司 | Electric vehicle charging station management system |
| CN117875672B (en) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-06-04 | 云南山高新能源有限公司 | Electric vehicle charging station management system |
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