CN109740281A - A method of liquid drop movement phase transition parameter is calculated based on steam flow field - Google Patents
A method of liquid drop movement phase transition parameter is calculated based on steam flow field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to fluid calculation technical fields, and in particular to a method of liquid drop movement phase transition parameter is calculated based on steam flow field, comprising the following steps: construct the geometrical model of object construction, grid division simultaneously carries out local mesh reflnement；Calculate the flow field parameter information of steam；Establish the space coordinate that KD searching algorithm obtains M grid node nearest around object droplet position；Steam flow field parameter information corresponding to M nearest grid node is obtained, the steam flow field parameter information that Fast Interpolation method obtains object droplet position is established；Liquid drop movement phase transition model is solved, liquid drop movement phase transition parameter is calculated.The present invention is combined using local mesh reflnement with Fast Interpolation method, calculating speed is greatly improved, and ensure that computational accuracy, while being aided with efficient KD searching algorithm, with quick obtaining steam flow field information, a kind of efficient, high-precision liquid drop movement phase transition parameter calculation method is finally realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fluid calculation technical fields, and in particular to one kind calculates liquid drop movement phase transformation ginseng based on steam flow field
Several methods.
Background technique
The dynamic operation for being prevalent in the nuclear reactor equipments such as steam-water separator, containment spray system of Liquid-vapor two-phase flow
In the process, and the alternate interaction of vapour-liquid two directly drives the heat and mass transfer process of drop and moves phase transition process.It is steaming
During vapour carries liquid drop movement, since change of drag effect or partial structurtes etc. can be such that the steam flow field around drop joins
Number, such as flowing velocity, temperature, concentration or pressure constantly change, and then the interaction for causing vapour-liquid two alternate becomes
Change, so that the movement phase-change characteristic of drop is changed, working performance such as steam-water separation efficiency and the safety of this and reactor plant
Operating condition is closely related.Therefore, by utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics method to the liquid drop movement phase in steam-water separator
Variable element is calculated, with the movement phase-change characteristic of analysis of the droplet, for improving the separative efficiency and nuclear reactor of separator
Economy instructs its structure optimization and autonomy-oriented to design and is then of great significance.
Using Euler-Lagrangian method to liquid drop movement phase transition parameter calculates in steam flow field when, it is necessary first to
Drop location algorithm determines M nearest grid node and its corresponding steam flow field information around drop, and further leads to
Cross the steam flow field information that interpolation method obtains drop position.But since Euler-Lagrangian method is calculated
Flow field data are very huge, and grid amount is from tens of thousands of to closely necessarily differing, so that the positioning of information of flow searches for and passes through interpolation side
The information of flow that method obtains drop position is the huge work of time-consuming.In addition, in order to guarantee higher drop meter
Precision is calculated, generally requires to divide a large amount of grid, but divides a large amount of grid and will cause the increasing of calculation amount/calculating time-consuming again
Add.Therefore, how to find a kind of fast high calculation method of computational accuracy simultaneously of calculating speed is research liquid drop movement phase transition process
In critical issue.
Summary of the invention
It is computationally intensive and calculate that time-consuming etc. technical problems, the present invention pass through it is an object of the invention to solve the above method
It is combined using local mesh reflnement with Fast Interpolation method, greatly improves calculating speed, and ensure that computational accuracy, simultaneously
It is aided with efficient KD searching algorithm, with quick obtaining steam flow field information, finally proposes a kind of efficient, high-precision liquid drop movement
Phase transition parameter calculation method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A method of liquid drop movement phase transition parameter is calculated based on steam flow field, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: constructing the geometrical model of object construction, and carry out grid dividing, and carry out net for local location region
Lattice encryption；Derived grid file；
Step 2: grid file derived from the step 1 being imported into fluid calculation software, and calculates the flow field parameter of steam
Information, and closed between the space coordinate of grid node steam flow field parameter information corresponding with the grid node in one-to-one correspondence
System；Export the steam flow field parameter information file；
Step 3: steam flow field parameter information file derived from the step 2 being imported into C++ program, establishes KD searching algorithm
Obtain the space coordinate of M grid node nearest around object droplet position；
Step 4: obtaining steam flow field parameter information corresponding to the M nearest grid node, establish Fast Interpolation
Method is to calculate the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position；Wherein, M=1 or 4；
Step 5: the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position obtained using step 4 solves liquid drop movement phase
Varying model, to calculate liquid drop movement phase transition parameter.
In the step 1, change the surface district of more violent structure for pipeline wall area and/or geometry
Domain carries out local mesh reflnement；The surface region that the geometry changes more violent structure includes: hydrophobic hook surface, hole
At least one of plate surface, floor surface, vane separator blade surface, bend wall surface or aperture wall surface.
The size of mesh opening refine when the local mesh reflnement is only the 1/8-1/ of field area grid size
2, the reticulate layer of encryption is 4-8 layers.
In the step 4, the corresponding steam flow field parameter of M grid node nearest around object droplet position is obtained
Information establishes Fast Interpolation method to calculate the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 4.1: when the spatial position coordinate points of object droplet are overlapped with nearest grid node, according to the coincidence
The space coordinate of grid node obtains corresponding steam flow field parameter information, the steaming as the object droplet position
Steam flow field parameters information；
Step 4.2: if the spatial position coordinate points of object droplet are not overlapped with nearest grid node, according to
Find out from object droplet position xiApart from M nearest mesh point, corresponding to the space coordinate for obtaining the M grid node
Steam flow field parameter information, and object droplet position x is obtained using apart from inverse ratio interpolation methodiThe steam flow field parameter information at place
Fi, interpolation scheme are as follows:
In formula: ljIndicate position vector xiWith the Euclidean distance of j-th of mesh point.
In step 3: the steam flow field parameter information includes flowing velocity, temperature, the concentration of the steam around drop
Or at least one of pressure；The liquid drop movement phase transition parameter information includes the radius, acceleration, speed, position of drop
At least one of coordinate, temperature, pressure, density, viscosity.
In the step 5, the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position obtained using the step 4 is asked
Solution liquid drop movement phase transition model is specifically included with calculating the process of liquid drop movement phase transition parameter:
Step 5.1: the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position is passed into liquid drop movement phase in C++ program
Varying model；
Step 5.2: the movement phase transition parameter of t moment drop is obtained, to calculate the movement phase transformation ginseng of t+ time Δt drop
Number, calculating the liquid drop movement phase transition model used includes at least one of following equation:
Wherein, the amount to be asked on the left of equation includes: the position vector x of drop, the rotation speed ω of drop, drop
Speed v, the radius r of drop, the temperature T of drop；
Known physical quantity on the right side of equation includes:
(1) steam flow field parameter information, comprising: vapour density ρg, steam flowing velocity u, the temperature T of steamg, steam
Pressure Pg, the dynamic viscosity μ of steamg, flow field curl Ω, wherein
(2) the movement phase transition parameter of t moment drop, comprising: acceleration a, speed v, position coordinates, temperature Td, pressure pd、
Density pd, viscosity, mud, specific heat at constant pressure cp, latent heat of vaporization γ, molal weight M；
(3) constant that rule of thumb relational expression is calculated, comprising: gravity acceleration g；Gas constant R；Evaporative condenser system
Number α, convection transfer rate h；
(4) related coefficient acquired according to steam and drop parameter, comprising: torque coefficient CM, Yi force coefficient CD, lift system
Number CMa, lift coefficient CSa；
(5) normalization coefficient λ1~λ5, calculation expression is respectively as follows: λ1=-15 ρg/16πρd、λ2=3 ρf/(8ρdr+4ρgr)、λ3=3 ρg(4ρd+2ρg)、λ4=[1.615 (μd+2μg/3)2/(μd+μg)2(μfρg)0.5]/(ρdπr/3+ρgπr/6)、λ5=2
(ρd-ρg)/(2ρd+ρg)。
The liquid drop movement phase transition parameter calculated result obtained using the step 5 calculates drop according to following formula
Separative efficiency:
η=(min-mout)/min
Wherein, minFor the gross mass of entrance drop, moutFor the gross mass for exporting drop, min-moutFor by steam-water separator
The quality for the drop being separated off.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, it is combined using local mesh reflnement with 1 point interpolation method in the present invention, makes the steam calculated in regional area
Flow field parameter is more fine, accurate, to improve the computational accuracy of 1 point interpolation；Also avoid global grid encryption or 4 point interpolations
The case where Shi Yinqi grid computing amount quicklys increase, calculating speed decline appearance, so that the calculation method is efficiently and high-precision；
2, KD searching algorithm is used in the present invention, is only needed to establish a k-d tree structure in search process, is greatly simplified and search
Suo Chengxu, time-consuming is reduced, makes the steam that can get closest approach around object droplet in 1 point interpolation calculating process more quickly
Information of flow, to improve computational efficiency；
3, the present invention is applicable not only to carry out the movement phase transition process of single drop using Euler-Lagrangian method
It calculates, is also applied for the calculating of multiple drops or a large amount of liquid drop movement phase transition process, applies also for the movement of solid particle etc.
Simulation calculate in, parallel computation process speed is fast and precision is high, can be widely applied to containment spray system, steam-water separator,
In the performance evaluations of the equipment running process such as fuel spray system, spray scrubber, Optimal Structure Designing.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be by specification, right
Specifically noted structure is achieved and obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process signal of the method that liquid drop movement phase transition parameter is calculated based on steam flow field of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the basic structure schematic diagram of the corrugated plating steam-water separator of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a is network schematic diagram when " not using mesh refinement-grid number for 5523 " in the geometrical model of Fig. 2；
Fig. 3 b is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 3 a；
Network signal when " wall surface mesh refinement-grid number for 7364 " is used in the geometrical model that Fig. 4 a is Fig. 2
Figure；
Fig. 4 b is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 4 a；
Network signal when " integral grid encryption-grid number for 81684 " is used in the geometrical model that Fig. 5 a is Fig. 2
Figure；
Fig. 5 b is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 5 a；
Fig. 6 a is the schematic illustration of 1 point interpolation method, and Fig. 6 b is the schematic illustration of 4 point interpolation methods, wherein black
Particle represents drop, and rest part is steam in grid；
Fig. 7 a is the principle of steam-drop movement separation process in the wall surface grid of the unencryption of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, Fig. 7 b are the schematic diagram of steam-drop movement separation process in the wall surface grid of the encryption of the embodiment of the present invention,
In, grid number 5523, black particle represents drop, and rest part is steam in grid；
Fig. 8 is the use " different searching algorithms " of the embodiment of the present invention, " whether wall surface mesh refinement " and " different interpolation sides
The corresponding liquid drop movement track comparison diagram of calculated result when method ", wherein corrugated plating entrance velocity is 3m/s, droplet radius is
4.5μm；
Fig. 9 is the use " different searching algorithms " of the embodiment of the present invention, " whether wall surface mesh refinement " and " different interpolation sides
Calculating time-consuming comparative result figure when method ", using the calculating time-consuming of 1 point interpolation method of KD searching algorithm as reference units 1；
Figure 10 is the use " different searching algorithms " of the embodiment of the present invention, " whether wall surface mesh refinement " and " different interpolation
The corresponding drop separation efficiency of calculated result when method ".
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to the embodiment of the present invention into
Row is described in detail, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein indicating from beginning to end in identical physical parameter symbol
Identical physical significance.The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to it is used to explain the present invention, without
It can be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b are respectively the schematic illustration of 1 point interpolation method and 4 point interpolation methods；Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b are this hair
The schematic diagram of steam-drop movement separation process in the wall surface grid of bright embodiment, wherein Fig. 7 a mesospore surface grids do not add
Close, the encryption of Fig. 7 b mesospore surface grids, grid number 5523, Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, black particle represents drop, net
Rest part is steam in lattice.
The present inventor's premenstruum (premenstrua) practices discovery, in the processing of Computational Fluid Dynamics calculated result, more often
Interpolation algorithm is 1 point interpolation, that is, nearest point interpolation, 4 point interpolations, that is, bilinear interpolation, and there are also multiple spot interpolation, including 8 points are inserted
Value and cubic convolution interpolation, also referred to as 16 point interpolations, etc..Wherein, 1 point interpolation calculation amount is minimum, arithmetic speed is most fast, still
Error is maximum, is only used for the occasion not high to interpolation quality requirement；The operand of 8 point interpolations and cubic convolution interpolation maximum,
Interpolation is best, but arithmetic speed is very slow, and time-consuming；4 point interpolations are a compromises to interpolation speed and interpolation precision
Selection, when number of grid is smaller, 4 point interpolation methods can be applicable in, but when number of grid increases, when can equally make to calculate
Between greatly increase, be unfavorable for the raising of calculating speed.
Fig. 8 is the use " different searching algorithms " of the embodiment of the present invention, " whether wall surface mesh refinement " and " different interpolation sides
The corresponding liquid drop movement track comparison diagram of calculated result when method ", wherein corrugated plating entrance velocity is 3m/s, droplet radius is
4.5μm.Calculate drop separation efficiency when, if with drop apart from nearest grid node be wall surface grid node i.e. speed is 0 when,
It is enterprising and be separated off then to think that drop strikes pipeline wall surface.
The present inventor " is used and " is calculated when with " using 1 point interpolation or 4 point interpolations " whether wall surface mesh refinement by comparison
The droplet trajectory of acquisition can see, when using " grid does not encrypt -1 point interpolation " method, network such as Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b institute
Show, grid number 5523, the drop of acquisition just collides wall surface when apart from ripple plate entry position 0.004m and separated
When removing, and using " grid does not encrypt -4 point interpolations " method, grid number 5523, the drop of acquisition drop when being calculated
Corrugated plating can finally be escaped out.When this is primarily due at thicker wall surface grid carry out drop calculating using 1 point interpolation,
As long as droplet position coordinate points are adjacent to the grid node of corrugated plating wall surface, its motion profile will collide quickly when calculating drop
Wall surface, that is, liquid drop speed is 0, therefore causes certain error.
And the droplet trajectory for using " -1 point interpolation of wall surface mesh refinement " and " whole encryption -1 point interpolation " method to obtain with
The droplet trajectory result obtained using " grid does not encrypt -4 point interpolations " method is almost the same, i.e., drop can escape out corrugated plating
Separator, wherein " -1 point interpolation of wall surface mesh refinement " network is as shown in figures 4 a and 4b, grid number 7364；It is " whole
Encrypt -1 point interpolation " network as shown in figure 5 a and 5b, grid number 81684.It follows that passing through local mesh reflnement
I.e. wall surface grid or entirety encrypt or 4 point interpolations are conducive to reduce the computational accuracy of drop separation efficiency, can pass through part
Mesh refinement improves the computational accuracy of 1 point interpolation method.However, integral grid encryption meeting is led so that grid amount greatly increases
Overall calculation amount is caused to quickly increase, therefore, wall surface mesh refinement is a kind of optimal encryption method.
It is essentially identical in principle as shown in figure Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b for 1 point interpolation method and 4 point interpolation methods, only
Difference is required to the density degree of grid, 1 point interpolation method calculating speed is fast, but computational accuracy is lower, can pass through division
Thinner grid meets higher required precision, but mesh refinement can make calculation amount greatly increase.Then, at following
In inventive embodiments, present inventor considered that the particularity in flow field, the mainstream less field gradient of runner central position, flow field become
Change is smaller, not only can guarantee precision using 1 point interpolation method in this position but also can improve calculating speed；And close to runner wall surface or
At the partial structurtes position that flow field gradient is larger, flow field change is violent, mesh refinement is realized by wall surface mesh refinement, so that
It still is able to get drop surrounding fine, accurate steam flow field information using 1 point interpolation method at this time, it so both can be with
Calculating speed is greatly improved, and can effectively ensure that computational accuracy.
In addition, the present inventor uses KD searching algorithm, in order to further increase the computational efficiency of the calculation method with quick
Efficiently positioning searches the arest neighbors grid node around object droplet.The advantage of KD searching algorithm is, for grid list
For the actual grid that first number is m, the number of grid node is n, when using conventional force search algorithm, search program needs
By traversing all grid nodes, shortest distance point is found out more afterwards, the time complexity of a search procedure is O (n), is looked into
The time complexity for looking for all grid cells is O (m × n).And KD searching algorithm carries out one query process total average time
Complexity is about O (m × log2(n)) two to three orders of magnitude, are almost reduced than force search algorithm.Therefore, in the present invention
Mesh point coordinate nearest around object droplet is inquired using KD searching algorithm advantageously reduces calculating time-consuming.
It is illustrated below using the corrugated plating steam-water separator of the embodiment of the present invention as example, but not limited to this, the meter
Calculation method can also be used for other occasions that liquid drop movement phase transition process Parameters variation is calculated based on steam flow field, such as containment spray
Vapour-liquid two-phase movement simulation in the equipment running process such as leaching system, steam-water separator, fuel spray system, spray scrubber
In calculating.This method is applicable not only to carry out the meter of the movement phase transition process of single drop using Euler-Lagrangian method
It calculates, is also applied for the calculating of the even a large amount of liquid drop movement phase transition process of multiple drops, in addition to this, which can also apply
It is spread in solid particle class disperse phase such as the flowing of ball bed, haze, in the movement simulation calculating of flue gas diffusion.
Fig. 1 is the process signal of the method that liquid drop movement phase transition parameter is calculated based on steam flow field of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown in Figure 1, the calculation method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, object construction, that is, corrugated plating steam-water separator geometrical model is constructed, carries out grid dividing, and use office
Portion's mesh refinement.It specifically includes:
S101 constructs object construction using modeling software such as Solidworks software or UG software or Proe software etc.
Geometrical model.
Specifically, the geometric dimension of corrugated plating steam-water separator is as shown in Fig. 2, for graphical display, facilitate observation, Fig. 2
In short transverse carried out contracting than display.Corrugated plating in corrugated plating steam-water separator selects Wugou double wave corrugated plating, individually
The height of corrugated plating is 0.982m, length 0.1825m, width 0.023m, saves long B=25mm, plate spacing G=8.33mm,
Length at entry L=13.5mm, turning angle α=45 °.The two dimensional model constructed according to fig. 2 is as shown in Figure 3a and Figure 3b shows, the present invention
In by the way that three-dimensional problem is reduced to two-dimensional problems, investigate steam and carry what drop moved in corrugated plating steam-water separator pipeline
Process.Certainly, this method is not limited in calculating two dimensional model, also can be applied in the calculating of three-dimensional grid model.
S102 carries out grid dividing to geometrical model using ICEM grid dividing software.
It is required according to corrugated plating steam-water separator computational accuracy, is verified by flow field grid independence first, that is, use 3 groups
Different size of size of mesh opening carries out grid dividing to geometrical model, guarantees that calculated result meets relative error less than 2%, tentatively
Determine mainstream field grid dividing density, the lattice number for selecting flow field is 5523, the specific structure of grid such as Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b
It is shown, more uniform grid is divided, the side length of maximum mesh is no more than 0.5mm.
S103 carries out local mesh reflnement for pipeline wall area.
In view of the particularity in flow field, the steam flow field parameter of the pipeline central position mainstream of corrugated plating steam-water separator
Variation is slow, and the flow field gradient close to wall area is larger, therefore carries out local mesh reflnement to close to wall area.Such as figure
Shown in 4a and Fig. 4 b, wall surface grid refinement method specifically: 4 times of mesh refinements are carried out to wall boundary layer grid, form 8 layers of wall
Face body fitted anisotropic mesh, the i.e. size of mesh opening of refined net are the 1/4 of original main grid size, and the side length of maximum mesh is no more than
0.5mm, grid sum is 7364 after wall surface encryption.
It is easily understood that other geometric forms can also be directed in the present embodiment in addition to the encryption of pipeline wall surface area grid
Shape change for example hydrophobic hook surface in surface of more violent structure, orifice surface, floor surface, vane separator blade surface,
The regions such as bend wall surface or aperture wall surface carry out mesh refinement processing.Wherein, the size of mesh opening after refinement can be field
The 1/8-1/2 of area grid size, the reticulate layer of encryption can be 4-8 layers, thin in the regional area to reduce as much as possible
Flow field gradient corresponding to subnetting lattice, and then guarantee that the steam flow field parameter in the region is more fine, accurate, reduce because of steam
The calculating error of drop parameter caused by the value error of flow field parameter.
S104 exports the grid file after completing grid dividing from ICEM grid dividing software.
Step 2, the flow field parameter information of steam is calculated using fluid calculation software.It specifically includes:
Grid file derived from the step 1 is imported fluid calculation software, such as FLUENT software or CFX by S201
Software or STAR-CCM software etc.；The calculation method of the flow field parameter of steam uses Euler's method；
Boundary condition, steam and the drop initial strip of corrugated plating separator geometrical model is arranged in S202 in calculation procedure
Part selects suitable physical model, discrete method for solving and other dependent equations to solve parameter；
1) boundary condition is set, comprising: entrance boundary condition, export boundary condition, wall boundary condition；
2) at inlet porting the flow field parameter of steam primary condition, comprising: inlet temperature, pressure, speed, density, out
Mouth pressure, outlet return temperature；
3) roughness, the temperature, non-slip condition of wall surface are set；
4) initial temperature, pressure, speed, density, the viscosity etc. of drop are set；Wherein, the drop matter of corrugated plating inlet
Amount distribution is using [experimental study [J] nuclear power of Yu Ruixia, Zhang Zhijian, Pang Fengge Shutter Steam Separator such as Pang Fengge
Engineering .1992,13 (06): 21-25.] the experimental result about Wugou corrugated plating steam-water separator, wherein droplet radius be 0
~50 μm；
5) physical model, that is, steam physical model selected includes: steam energy equation, mass equation, the equation of momentum
Deng；
6) for discrete method for solving, turbulence model solution is carried out using k- ε method, PISO solver is chosen and is pressed
Power-speed couple solution, pressure is discrete to be chosen for PRESTO！It is discrete；
7) other solve equation and are selected as Second-order Up-wind method；Convergence residual error is set as 10-4。
S203, after accomplishing the setting up, startup program is to calculate the flow field parameter of steam.
The calculated result of output can include: each grid node locations coordinate and each grid node place in geometrical model
The temperature T of corresponding steamg, speed u, pressure pg, density pg, viscosity, mugEqual steam flow fields parameter information；Wherein, grid node
Space coordinate steam flow field parameter information corresponding with the grid node between be in one-to-one relationship.
The result being calculated is output in the document of specified .data method or .txt method by S204, is used as meter
Calculate the condition of the movement phase transition parameter of drop.
Step 3, the space coordinate that KD searching algorithm obtains M grid node nearest around object droplet position is established.
It specifically includes:
S301 imports steam flow field parameter information file derived from the step 2 in the C++ program independently write, i.e.,
The simulated program of more liquid drop movement phase transition process is carried out using Lagrangian method；
Total-grid node coordinate is reconstructed generation k-d tree or b-tree data knot by independently writing C++ program by S302
Structure, k indicate that the dimension of data point passes through according to object droplet, that is, object time or the spatial position coordinate of subsequent time drop
KD searching algorithm can quickly position the space coordinate for obtaining M grid node nearest around object droplet position.
Step 4, the steam flow field parameter information at Fast Interpolation method acquisition object droplet position is established.It specifically includes:
First determine whether the spatial position coordinate points of object droplet are overlapped with M nearest grid node；
If 1) be overlapped, steam flow field parameter information corresponding to the nearest grid node of the coincidence is the object droplet institute
Steam flow field parameter information at position, that is, according to the space coordinate of the grid node of the coincidence, obtain corresponding steam stream
Field parameters information, the steam flow field parameter information as the object droplet position；
If 2) be not overlapped, at this point, according to having been found from object droplet position xiApart from M nearest mesh point,
Steam flow field parameter information corresponding to the space coordinate of the M grid node is obtained, and uses and is obtained apart from inverse ratio interpolation method
To object droplet position xiThe steam flow field parameter information F at placei, interpolation scheme are as follows:
Wherein: ljIndicate position vector xiWith the Euclidean distance of j-th of mesh point.
In the present invention, M can be 1 or 4.Preferably, using M=1, i.e. 1 point interpolation, also referred to as nearest point interpolation.Using 1 point
Interpolation seeks the information of flow F at object droplet positionjWhen, it is inserted compared to 4 point interpolations, 8 point interpolation methods and cubic convolution
For value method, greatly reduce calculation amount, so that it is excellent to ensure that the Interpolation Process has that arithmetic speed is fast, computational efficiency is high
Gesture.
Step 5, using the steam flow field parameter information of object droplet position, liquid drop movement phase transition model is solved,
To calculate liquid drop movement phase transition parameter.It specifically includes:
S501 selects suitable liquid drop movement phase transition model according to actual condition, may be selected to meet reality in the present embodiment
Various single the liquid drop movement phase transition models or more liquid drop movement phase transition models etc. of operating condition, and the target liquid that step 4 interpolation is obtained
The steam flow field parameter for dripping position, passes to liquid drop movement phase transition model in C++ program；
As exemplary in the present embodiment, using it is autonomous derive the single liquid drop movement phase transition model established and calculate ask
Solution, and in particular to liquid drop movement phase transition model include following equation:
Wherein, amount to be asked is in the left side of above-mentioned equation, 5 equations, 5 unknown numbers, equation group closing；Amount packet to be asked
It includes: the displacement x of drop, the rotation speed ω of drop, the movement velocity v of drop, the radius r of drop, the temperature T of drop；
The right side physical quantity of equation specifically includes as follows:
1) steam flow field parameter information, comprising: vapour density ρg, steam flowing velocity u, fluid kinematic viscosity μg, flow field rotation
Ω is spent, wherein
2) physical parameter of t moment drop, comprising: acceleration a, speed v, position coordinates X, Y, if it is three-dimensional then plus Z,
Temperature Td, pressure pd, density pd, viscosity, mud, specific heat at constant pressure cp, latent heat of vaporization γ, molal weight M；
3) constant being calculated by rule-of-thumb relation, comprising: gravity acceleration g；Gas constant R；Evaporative condenser system
Number α, convection transfer rate h；
4) related coefficient acquired according to steam and drop parameter, comprising: torque coefficient CM, Yi force coefficient CD, lift coefficient
CMa, lift coefficient CSa；
5) normalization coefficient λ1~λ5, calculation expression is respectively as follows: λ1=-15 ρg/16πρd、λ2=3 ρf/(8ρdr+4ρgr)、
λ3=3 ρg(4ρd+2ρg)、λ4=[1.615 (μd+2μg/3)2/(μd+μg)2(μfρg)0.5]/(ρdπr/3+ρgπr/6)、λ5=2 (ρd-
ρg)/(2ρd+ρg)。
The primary condition of drop is arranged in S502；
Note: for initial time or last moment are hereinafter expressed as t moment convenient for illustrating, the object droplet moment or
Subsequent time is expressed as t+ time Δt, and primary condition includes the movement phase transition parameter of drop last moment i.e. t moment, including when t
It carves the radius r of drop, acceleration a, speed v, position coordinates X, Y, if three-dimensional then add Z, temperature Td, pressure pd, density pd、
Viscosity, mudDeng.In calculating process, droplet density and viscosity think for constant, constant.
S503, based on the conditional parameter in step 5.1 and step 5.2, by solving liquid drop movement phase transition model, Ke Yiji
The movement phase transition parameter of object droplet, i.e. the movement phase transition parameter of t+ time Δt drop are calculated, is specifically included: the radius of drop
R, the drops parameter information such as acceleration a, speed v, position coordinates, temperature T, pressure p, density p, viscosity, mu.
S504 repeats the above steps, and can successively solve the related ginseng of the drop of subsequent time in drop phase transition process
Number；By independently writing data card, liquid drop movement phase transition parameter calculated result can be output to specified .data method or
.txt in the document of method.
Further, in this embodiment when carrying out the analysis of liquid drop movement phase-change characteristic using liquid drop movement phase transition parameter, it can
The calculated result of the step S504 is output in Tecplot the poster processing soft by independently writing data card, can be calculated
The motion profile of drop, steam-water separation efficiency, drop pressure cloud atlas, liquid drop speed cloud atlas, the distribution of drop ambient relative humidity out
Etc. results.Certainly, it is not limited in above-mentioned analysis result.
Wherein, the calculation expression of drop separation efficiency are as follows:
η=(min-mout)/min
In formula, minFor the gross mass of entrance drop, moutFor the gross mass for exporting drop, min-moutFor by steam-water separator
The quality for the drop being separated off.
Below with reference to the scheme group of the embodiment of the present invention shown in table 1, Fig. 5, Fig. 9 and Figure 10 and the calculating knot of control group
Fruit and correlation analysis data, advantage of the display using calculation method of the invention in precision and efficiency.
Table 1 and Fig. 9 be use " different searching algorithms i.e. KD searching algorithm and force search " with " wall surface mesh refinement with
It is no " and " different interpolation methods i.e. 1 point interpolation and 4 point interpolations " between association schemes calculated example calculating it is time-consuming as a result, with
The calculating time-consuming of 1 point interpolation method of KD searching algorithm is as reference units 1.By to the liquid drop movement phase transition parameter being calculated
As a result data processing is carried out, it can be deduced that the motion profile of drop as shown in Figure 8 and drop separation efficiency as shown in Figure 10
As a result.
Whether table 1 different searching algorithms, wall surface mesh refinement and calculating time-consuming result when different interpolation methods
As shown in table 1 and Fig. 9, the scheme 3 and scheme 6 in contrast table 1 are as can be seen that compare violence using KD searching algorithm
The calculating speed of searching algorithm will fastly nearly 30 times, is because using conventional force search algorithm, every from principle
It is required to traverse all grids during one query, it will a large amount of search times are expended, and use KD searching algorithm, for
The steam flow field grid file of certain geometry only needs grid node data constructing a k-d tree knot in search process
Structure only needs to be inquired and recalled along the k-d tree later, enormously simplifies search process, while also reducing meter every time
The time-consuming of k-d tree is re-established when calculation.Therefore, KD searching algorithm is used in the present invention, in favor of energy in 1 point interpolation calculating process
The enough steam flow field information for more rapidly getting closest approach at object droplet position, to further increase overall calculation effect
Rate.
Further, it can be seen that use " wall surface mesh refinement+KD searches for+1 point interpolation " method calculates in conjunction with Figure 10
To drop separation efficiency 0.9619 significantly lower than the liquid that " do not use mesh refinement+KD search for+1 point interpolation " method is calculated
Separative efficiency 0.9785 is dripped, or even is slightly below the drop that " mesh refinement+KD is not used to search for+4 point interpolations " method is calculated
Separative efficiency 0.9683, also, with using " integral grid encryption+KD search for+1 point interpolation " and " wall surface mesh refinement+KD is searched for
+ 4 point interpolations " method drop separation efficiency obtained is substantially suitable.Meanwhile in conjunction in Fig. 8 it can also be seen that: use " wall surface
Liquid drop movement track that -1 point interpolation of mesh refinement " method obtains and using " whole encryption -1 point interpolation " and " grid do not encrypt -
The droplet trajectory result that 4 point interpolations " method obtains is almost the same.
It should be noted that since drop separation efficiency is higher fewer under normal conditions, it is meant that computational accuracy is higher.
This two results confirm: being combined by wall surface mesh refinement with 1 point interpolation, improve the computational accuracy of 1 point interpolation, energy
Computational accuracy when enough reaching 4 point interpolation methods or integral grid encryption is horizontal.This is because making after using wall surface mesh refinement
The flow field parameter information of steam corresponding to the grid node that must be refined can be more fine, accurate, is inserted to improve using 1 point
Value seeks computational accuracy when steam flow field parameter information, solves drop when close to wall surface grid node, is easy misjudged
Caused error problem is separated off to strike on wall surface.The actual speed of drop at this time will not generally reduce
It to 0, and is possible to will continue to travel forward, until escaping out separator, this is also the separative efficiency that numerical simulation calculation goes out
Often than the higher reason of true separative efficiency under actual conditions.
At the same time, it can be seen that the calculating of use " local mesh reflnement+KD searches for+1 point interpolation " from table 1 and Fig. 9
Time-consuming 70.39s is much smaller than the calculating time-consuming 608.94s of " integral grid encryption+KD searches for+1 point interpolation ", and is respectively " not adopt
With+1 point interpolation of mesh refinement " calculating 1.2 times and 10.4 times of time-consuming 58.56s, and " local mesh reflnement+KD is searched for use
The calculating time-consuming 70.39s of+1 point interpolation of rope " is still than the calculating time-consuming 180.57s of " not using+4 point interpolation of mesh refinement "
Small by 1/2 or more, this sufficiently shows that the present invention is combined by using " local mesh reflnement+KD searches for+1 point interpolation ", effectively keeps away
Grid computing amount can be made to quickly increase when having exempted from using global grid encryption or multiple spot interpolation method, lead to steam flow field information
The case where calculating speed decline of calculating process, positioning search process and Interpolation Process, occurs；Meanwhile using the steaming being simple and efficient
The search of steam flow field Information locating and interpolation computing method keep the time-consuming of the search of steam flow field Information locating and interpolation calculation process big
It is big to reduce.
In addition, being can be seen that from table 1 and Fig. 9 when size of mesh opening is identical, the time that 4 point interpolation algorithms need is 1 point
3.1 times of interpolation algorithm.Thus also it can be confirmed that 4 point interpolation methods can be applicable in, but work as grid when number of grid is smaller
When quantity increases, it can also make the calculating time greatly increase, be unfavorable for the raising of calculating speed.And use " wall surface mesh refinement
With 1 point interpolation " it combines, when number of grid is bigger, calculating speed requires relatively high, it can equally guarantee calculating speed
Fastly, the high calculating effect of computational accuracy.
Although above-mentioned calculating process is the movement phase transition parameter calculating process of single drop, when even big for multiple drops
When containing more than one hundred million a drops in amount drop such as steam-water separator and calculated, calculation method provided by the invention is counted improving
Equally there is significant application advantage in terms of calculating efficiency.Because KD searching algorithm and 1 point interpolation method can pass through parallel work
Operation mode, while positioning search and interpolation calculation are carried out to multiple drops, overall calculation amount also only has the increase of very little；And it is based on
The positioning search process of same geometry also only only needs to establish a k-d tree, does not need additionally to repeat to establish other tree knots
Structure, so that search time-consuming greatly reduces.
It should be noted that using different calculating by choosing the drop of different radii size in the present embodiment
Comparative analysis is carried out when method, motion profile situation when droplet radius is 4.5 μm in other motion profile results and figure
It is almost the same, therefore correlation curve when droplet radius is 4.5 μm is only gived, with the example that lays down a definition.In the present embodiment, pass through
By the geometrical model in the present invention carry out the experiment value after Flow Field Numerical Calculation in the separative efficiency value that obtains and existing research into
Row compares, in Master's thesis of the experiment value in existing research with reference to Shanghai Communications University master Lee Asia, for vane carbonated drink
The experiment value of separator Cold simulating test system and operating condition, to demonstrate the reliability of calculated result in the present embodiment.
To sum up, the present invention is combined by using local mesh reflnement with nearest point interpolation method, is effectively reducing grid
While calculation amount, raising overall calculation speed, the computational accuracy of liquid drop movement phase transition parameter ensure that；And it is aided with KD and efficiently searches
Rope algorithm is matched with 1 point interpolation method, make in 1 point interpolation calculating process can more rapidly, be accurately obtained object droplet
The steam flow field information of surrounding, to finally realize a kind of calculation method of efficient, high-precision liquid drop movement phase transition parameter.
This method is applicable not only to carry out the calculating of the movement phase transition process of single drop using Euler-Lagrangian method, is also suitable
In the calculating of the even a large amount of liquid drop movement phase transition process of multiple drops, in addition, applying also for the disperse phases such as solid particle such as ball bed
During the movement simulation that flowing, haze diffusion, flue gas are spread calculates.Therefore, containment spray system, carbonated drink point can be widely applied to
From equipment running process such as device, fuel spray system, spray scrubbers vapour-liquid two-phase movement simulation calculate in, in order into
The analysis of row vapor-liquid separation characteristic and the optimization design of structure etc..
Although disclosed herein embodiment it is as above, content only for ease of understanding the present invention and use implementation
Mode is not intended to limit the invention.Technical staff in any fields of the present invention, do not depart from disclosed herein
Under the premise of spirit and scope, any modification and variation can be carried out in the form and details of implementation, but of the invention special
Sharp protection scope, the appended claims that must still be subject to are defined.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for calculating liquid drop movement phase transition parameter based on steam flow field, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: constructing the geometrical model of object construction, and carry out grid dividing, and carry out grid for local location region and add
It is close；Derived grid file；
Step 2: grid file derived from the step 1 is imported into fluid calculation software, and calculates the flow field parameter information of steam,
It and is in one-to-one relationship between the space coordinate of grid node steam flow field parameter information corresponding with the grid node；Export
The steam flow field parameter information file；
Step 3: steam flow field parameter information file derived from the step 2 being imported into C++ program, establishes the acquisition of KD searching algorithm
The space coordinate of M nearest grid node around object droplet position；
Step 4: obtaining steam flow field parameter information corresponding to the M nearest grid node, establish Fast Interpolation method
To calculate the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position；Wherein, M=1 or 4；
Step 5: the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position obtained using step 4 solves liquid drop movement phase transformation mould
Type, to calculate liquid drop movement phase transition parameter.
2. the method according to claim 1 for calculating liquid drop movement phase transition parameter based on steam flow field, it is characterised in that:
In the step 1, the surface region for changing more violent structure for pipeline wall area and/or geometry carries out part
Mesh refinement；The surface region that the geometry changes more violent structure includes: hydrophobic hook surface, orifice surface, rib
At least one of plate surface, vane separator blade surface, bend wall surface or aperture wall surface.
3. the method according to claim 1 for calculating liquid drop movement phase transition parameter based on steam flow field, it is characterised in that: into
The size of mesh opening refined when the row local mesh reflnement is only the 1/8-1/2 of field area grid size, the net of encryption
Compartment number is 4-8 layers.
4. the method according to claim 1 for calculating liquid drop movement phase transition parameter based on steam flow field, it is characterised in that:
In the step 4, the corresponding steam flow field parameter information of M grid node nearest around object droplet position is obtained, is established
Fast Interpolation method to calculate the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 4.1: when the spatial position coordinate points of object droplet are overlapped with nearest grid node, according to the grid of the coincidence
The space coordinate of node obtains corresponding steam flow field parameter information, the steam stream as the object droplet position
Field parameters information；
Step 4.2: if the spatial position coordinate points of object droplet are not overlapped with nearest grid node, basis is had been found
From object droplet position xiApart from M nearest mesh point, steam corresponding to the space coordinate of the M grid node is obtained
Flow field parameter information, and object droplet position x is obtained using apart from inverse ratio interpolation methodiThe steam flow field parameter information F at placei, insert
It is worth format are as follows:
In formula: ljIndicate position vector xiWith the Euclidean distance of j-th of mesh point.
5. the method according to claim 1 for calculating liquid drop movement phase transition parameter based on steam flow field, which is characterized in that
In step 3: the steam flow field parameter information includes in flowing velocity, temperature, concentration or the pressure of the steam around drop
At least one；The liquid drop movement phase transition parameter information include the radius of drop, acceleration, speed, position coordinates, temperature,
At least one of pressure, density, viscosity.
6. the method according to claim 1 or 4 for calculating liquid drop movement phase transition parameter based on steam flow field, feature exist
In in the step 5, the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position obtained using the step 4 solves drop
Movement phase transition model is specifically included with calculating the process of liquid drop movement phase transition parameter:
Step 5.1: the steam flow field parameter information at object droplet position is passed into liquid drop movement phase transformation mould in C++ program
Type；
Step 5.2: the movement phase transition parameter of t moment drop is obtained, to calculate the movement phase transition parameter of t+ time Δt drop, meter
The liquid drop movement phase transition model used includes at least one of following equation:
Wherein, the amount to be asked on the left of equation includes: the position vector x of drop, the rotation speed ω of drop, the speed of drop
V, the radius r of drop, the temperature T of drop；
Known physical quantity on the right side of equation includes:
(1) steam flow field parameter information, comprising: vapour density ρg, steam flowing velocity u, the temperature T of steamg, the pressure of steam
Pg, the dynamic viscosity μ of steamg, flow field curl Ω, wherein Ω=▽ × u；
(2) the movement phase transition parameter of t moment drop, comprising: acceleration a, speed v, position coordinates, temperature Td, pressure pd, density
ρd, viscosity, mud, specific heat at constant pressure cp, latent heat of vaporization γ, molal weight M；
(3) constant that rule of thumb relational expression is calculated, comprising: gravity acceleration g；Gas constant R；Evaporative condenser factor alpha,
Convection transfer rate h；
(4) related coefficient acquired according to steam and drop parameter, comprising: torque coefficient CM, Yi force coefficient CD, lift coefficient CMa,
Lift coefficient CSa；
(5) normalization coefficient λ1~λ5, calculation expression is respectively as follows: λ1=-15 ρg/16πρd、λ2=3 ρf/(8ρdr+4ρgr)、λ3=
3ρg(4ρd+2ρg)、λ4=[1.615 (μd+2μg/3)2/(μd+μg)2(μfρg)0.5]/(ρdπr/3+ρgπr/6)、λ5=2 (ρd-ρg)/
(2ρd+ρg)。
7. the method according to claim 6 for calculating liquid drop movement phase transition parameter based on steam flow field, it is characterised in that: benefit
The liquid drop movement phase transition parameter calculated result obtained with the step 5 calculates the separative efficiency of drop according to following formula:
η=(min-mout)/min
Wherein, minFor the gross mass of entrance drop, moutFor the gross mass for exporting drop, min-moutTo be separated by steam-water separator
The quality of the drop of removing.
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