CN109739142A - Embedded flight controller - Google Patents

Embedded flight controller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109739142A
CN109739142A CN201910041904.1A CN201910041904A CN109739142A CN 109739142 A CN109739142 A CN 109739142A CN 201910041904 A CN201910041904 A CN 201910041904A CN 109739142 A CN109739142 A CN 109739142A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
unit
pattern configurations
interface
plate
flight controller
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Pending
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CN201910041904.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐锦法
王浩
黄益新
徐漪荃
陈帅
李冬磊
罗健文
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Application filed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics filed Critical Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Priority to CN201910041904.1A priority Critical patent/CN109739142A/en
Publication of CN109739142A publication Critical patent/CN109739142A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of embedded flight controllers, include core control panel, pattern configurations plate and internal bus;The core control panel carries out data processing and control, is provided with processor, data storage, remote-control-signal reception unit, control output driving unit and internal bus interface;The pattern configurations plate is used for linkage function module, and functional module is connected with core control panel, is provided with communication unit, control output interface, system power supply unit and internal bus interface;The internal bus is for connecting core control panel and pattern configurations plate.The present invention can easily realize that the automatic flight of various configuration (containing new configuration/allosteric type) aircraft controls, and controller has many advantages, such as that feature-rich, scalability is strong, simple for structure, cost savings, easy to control.

Description

Embedded flight controller
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flight controller, especially a kind of embedded flight controller.
Background technique
Aircraft is a kind of robot that can be flown in the sky, as controlled device its own stability by its structure spy The influence for external disturbance of seeking peace.It is to be difficult stabilized flight to destination, especially rotor to fly when aircraft is not equipped with controller Row device.Aircraft itself unstability will lead to fatal crass, therefore need to design a kind of control device that can play stabilization, Realize that aircraft is completed the purpose of flight by mission requirements.Aircraft passes through VTOL, hovering, low-latitude flying, and high speed The task-cycles such as cruise, are completed quickly and effectively aerial mission, make aircraft in troops' rapid deployment, landing operations and civilian Specific effect is played in the disaster relief/equal fields of speedily carrying out rescue work, it is necessary to need to design a set of control device with automatic control ability, The design invention achievement of the control device has broad application prospects.
In recent years, the research and development of unmanned vehicle has obtained the attention of people.With going out for all kinds of consumer level products Existing, unmanned plane has come into the visual field of people gradually, enters in daily life.Unmanned vehicle has been widely used In numerous areas, including video display industry, scientific research, accident relief, power-line patrolling etc..Brain as unmanned vehicle controls Maincenter, embedded flight controller device are used to ensure the core apparatus of stability of aircraft and maneuverability, fly to aircraft The raising of row quality and flight efficiency, the enhancing of aircraft safety, the burden mitigation of ground control personnel, entire aerial mission It is fast and effective completion have the function of not replacing.
Embedded flight controller is for executing specified independent control function and there is complex way to handle data capability Control system processing component.By a series of microelectronic components such as microprocessor chip, timer, sequencer or controller The electronic equipment or device of composition complete the various automatic processing tasks such as monitoring, control together with external Aerial Electronic Equipment.With Technology development, vehicle flight control system design increasingly tend to miniaturization, intelligence, it is desirable that the function of flight controller device Consume it is low, small in size, light-weight, it is flexible and convenient with the interface mode of Aerial Electronic Equipment.And existing embedded flight controller exists Function fix, connect defect inconvenient, that scalability is not strong with external equipment, it is difficult to adapt to engineer application and technology development It needs to upgrade in time.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of embedded flight controllers, solve tradition The defect that embedded controller function is fixed, scalability is not strong can upgrade in time according to the needs that engineer application and technology develop Flight controller device can conveniently be connect with equipment such as a variety of external sensors, control driving actuators, preferably full The foot needs of all kinds of vehicle flight control system controller hardware device configurations.
Technical solution: embedded flight controller of the present invention includes core control panel, pattern configurations plate and interior Portion's bus;
The core control panel carries out data processing and control, is provided with processor, data storage, remote signal and connects Receive unit, control output driving unit and internal bus interface;
The pattern configurations plate is used for linkage function module, and functional module is connected with core control panel, is arranged There are communication unit, control output interface, system power supply unit and internal bus interface;
The internal bus is for connecting core control panel and pattern configurations plate.
Further, the processor unit of the core control panel uses STM32F405ZGT6 microprocessor, the remote control Device signal receiving unit includes the input of SBUS universal serial bus and multidiameter delay input channel, and the control output driving unit is simultaneously Drive multiple executing agencies.
Further, the communication unit on the pattern configurations plate is serial data communication unit, includes asynchronous serial Communication bus, spi bus, I2C bus and CAN bus it is one or more, the asynchronous serial communication bus has TTL electricity Straight cut and RS232 electric level interface realize serial digital signal level conversion via MAX3232CSE chip.
Further, the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with inertial navigation measuring unit, and inertial navigation measuring unit is Built-in or external, built-in inertial navigation measuring unit is MPU9250 Inertial Measurement Unit, and external inertial navigation measures single Member is connect by the communication unit with pattern configurations plate.
Further, the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with GPS navigation measuring unit, and GPS navigation measuring unit is interior It sets or external, built-in GPS navigation measuring unit uses OEM615GPS functional module, and external GPS navigation measuring unit is logical The communication unit is crossed to connect with pattern configurations plate.
Further, the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with rotation speed measurement unit, and the rotation speed measurement unit includes 4 A tachometric survey channel provides precise rotation measurement for speed closed loop control.
Further, the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with voltage monitoring signal conditioning unit, voltage monitoring signal tune Reason unit is 4 tunnels, is improved because detecting system power supply and electrical source of power, and believe external required measurement analog voltage It number is improved.
Further, the system power supply unit includes 15V/5V power conversion module and the conversion of 5V/3.3V power supply Module.
Further, the internal bus interface is plate and connector for substrate, and side is male connector, and the other side is can be with public affairs The base of head make-up, connector is realized and is connected between plate and plate by 2 pair of 80 core row busbar needle, 1 pair of 60 core row's busbar needle, internal total 100 tunnel useful signal Shuo Wei of line.
Further, the interface of the communication unit is MicroUSB type interface, and the control output interface is 2.54 millis The curved row's needle interface of rice.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention uses core control panel and pattern configurations plate combination, difference can be easily realized The automatic flight control of configuration (containing new configuration/allosteric type) aircraft, controller is with feature-rich, scalability is strong, structure is simple Clean, cost savings, it is easy to control the advantages that, either be applied to small-sized unmanned aircraft, or be applied to other various configurations Aircraft, only need to its pattern configurations plate carry out option and installment, can conveniently and efficiently from a variety of different external sensors, control System driving actuator etc. equipment connection realizes that aircraft flies control automatically, can also facilitate and form multi-network multiprocessing Device flight control system meets Large Scale Space Vehicle or the configuration of cluster vehicle flight control system hardware device using needs.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention configuration schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is core control panel frontal design figure;
Fig. 3 is core control panel reverse side design drawing;
Fig. 4 is pattern configurations plate frontal design figure;
Fig. 5 is pattern configurations plate reverse side design drawing;
Fig. 6 is internal bus classification design figure.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, this embedded flight controller device is by core control panel 1, pattern configurations plate 2, external function Module and relevant interface are constituted.When device is applied to aircraft, core control panel 1 and pattern configurations plate 2 are combined together, mode Configuration plate 2 can install built-in inertia functional module 62 and built-in GPS functional module 3, can also install external function module, than Such as with external Aerial Electronic Equipment remote controler 100, external inertia functional module 200, external GPS functional module 201, external communication function Module 202 is connected by the interface of the present apparatus.So application, which can facilitate, realizes that aircraft flies control automatically, solves currently Market product flight controller function fixes, the problem that scalability is not strong, efficiently solves the control of various configuration aircraft flight The dissimilarity problem of system control performance index request.
The frontal design block diagram of core control panel 1 is as shown in Fig. 2, designing on core control panel 1 has microprocessor 10, remote control Receiver 11, control output driving unit 20, SD data storage 24, internal bus interface 21,22,23, program write-in interface 17,18, multiple groups status indicator lamp 12,13,19, buzzer 16, signal shaping conditioning circuit 14.Microprocessor 10 uses STM32F405ZGT6 microprocessor, has the function of floating-point operation, can quickly handle a large amount of sensing datas, high-performance flight control System rule operation, while there is Peripheral Interface abundant, interface is carried out with peripheral hardware input-output equipment by the way that internal bus is convenient.Shape State indicator light is designed as 4 groups of tri coloured lanterns, 12,6 groups of monochromatic burner 13 and 1 group system heart-throb lamps 19.Writer design has two kinds of modes, One is JTAG mode 17, another kind is serial ports mode 18.Remote controller signal receiving unit 11 is designed as SBUS bus and 1-9 is distant Control device signal receiving channel, compatible remote control receiver nearly all on the market.
It is illustrated in figure 3 the reverse side design frame chart of core control panel 1, internal bus interface is laid out in this face, with 3 interfaces 21,22,23 100 internal signal wires are arranged, it is ensured that structure, signal transmission are reliable errorless.Output driving unit 20 is controlled to design There are 16 tunnels to control output driving channel, output signal is improved with 74HC14 chip, it is ensured that control the reliability of output.SD Data storage 24 is with most effective response speed and microprocessor minimum system interface.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the design of pattern configurations plate 2 has built-in navigation attitude Inertial Measurement Unit, built-in GPS functional module Unit, can external appearance Inertial Measurement Unit interface, can external GPS functional module elements interface, rotation speed measurement unit, voltage monitoring Signal conditioning unit, system and power power supply unit, different types of serial data communication interface, control output driving interface. Internal bus interface 31,32,33 designs 3 interfaces 21,22,23 in the front of pattern configurations plate, with core control panel reverse side Make-up.
The built-in design of Inertial Measurement Unit 30,49 MPU9250 chip (the nine axis output containing three axis magnetic strength vectors), MS5611 chip, external navigation attitude Inertial Measurement Unit 200 can match the avionics sensor for meeting pattern configurations plate interface requirement, and two Sensor can obtain the higher aircraft inertia navigation information of measurement accuracy by data fusion, meet different aircraft to certainly The high control performance requirement of dynamic flight control.Built-in GPS navigation measuring unit design 3 can use OEM615 or OEM618GPS etc. Component, external GPS navigation measuring unit 201 can match the avionics sensor for meeting pattern configurations plate interface requirement, two sensors The higher aircraft GPS navigation information of measurement accuracy can be obtained by data fusion, meet different aircraft to automatic flight control The high control performance requirement of system.
The design of pattern configurations plate serial data communication unit has 6 universal asynchronous receiving-transmitting transmitters, connects via internal bus Mouth enters the microprocessor minimum system of core control panel.Serial data communication signal on internal bus is Transistor-Transistor Logic level, each Be designed as 2 kinds of signal level interfaces on serial data communication channel, a kind be Transistor-Transistor Logic level interface be positive connector 36 to 41,1 kinds are that the interface of RS232 level is the connector 52 to 57 of reverse side, realize that Transistor-Transistor Logic level is believed using MAX3232CSE chip 34 Conversion number between RS232 level signal, meets requirement of the different sensors to interface level.
The design of pattern configurations plate serial data communication unit has 1 road spi bus interface 42,1 road I2C bus interface 44,1 tunnel CAN interface 47 meets requirement of the different Aerial Electronic Equipments to interface level.
Pattern configurations plate control output driving Interface design has 16 tunnels, wherein 6 tunnels layout is on 45,10 tunnel of left side of configuration plate It is laid out on the right side 46 of configuration plate, power amplifier designs 20 on core control panel, is directly output to control by internal bus defeated Driving interface out can meet requirement of a variety of various configuration aircraft to control output channel quantity.The design of reverser 61 meets Different flight control systems control level demands.
The design of pattern configurations plate rotation speed measurement unit has 4 tunnel tachometric survey channels, the revolving speed to 4 motors can carry out simultaneously Measurement, the interface 43,59 connecting with measurand design on pattern configurations plate, and signal shaping conditioning circuit 14 is designed in core On control panel.Design has 4 tunnels to detect analog voltage conditioning circuit 35, and detection voltage external interface design, can be real in reverse side 58,60 Now to the detection of analog signal.The design of voltage monitoring signal conditioning unit has 4 tunnels, removes to system power supply and electrical source of power because of detection Outside being improved, external required measurement analog voltage signal can also be improved.16 tunnels control output signal via defeated Outgoing interface connector directly drives performing steering wheel.No. 5 reversers are for the requirement of flight control system difference output level.
System power supply and the design of electrical source of power power supply unit have 2 12V to 50,51 and 1 5V of 5V voltage transformation module extremely 3.3V voltage transformation module 15 meets actuator, related component to power requirement.The pattern configurations plate system power supply both may be used It is loaded directly into 5V direct current, 12V DC electricity can also be loaded, 12V system power supply is mentioned via 12V/5V power conversion module for device 3.3V power supply is provided for working power, then via 5V/3.3V power conversion module for related device.Drive the rudder of aircraft flight Machine/motor power power supply and system power supply are independently-powered, convert via voltage and provide power drive voltage.System power supply and power Power supply can detect automatically.
As shown in fig. 6, designing the board to board connector 80 of 0.6 millimeter of spacing between core control panel and pattern configurations plate For core 2 to, 60 cores 1 to being attached, 2 opposite cores transmit 1 road internal bus signal, it is ensured that plate to signal between plate transmit can It leans on,.Connector between external equipment has a MicroUSB connector, respectively the 52 of plate positive 36 to 43 and reverse side to 60, curved row's needle 45 and 46 of 2.54 millimeters of spacing, 2.0 millimeters of spacing the interface forms such as curved row's needle 44 and 48.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of embedded flight controller, it is characterised in that: include core control panel, pattern configurations plate and internal bus;
The core control panel carries out data processing and control, is provided with processor, data storage, remote control signal receiver list Member, control output driving unit and internal bus interface;
The pattern configurations plate is used for linkage function module, and functional module is connected with core control panel, is provided with logical Believe unit, control output interface, system power supply unit and internal bus interface;
The internal bus is for connecting core control panel and pattern configurations plate.
2. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the processor list of the core control panel Member uses STM32F405ZGT6 microprocessor, and the remote controller signal receiving unit includes the input of SBUS universal serial bus and multichannel Parallel input channels, the control output driving unit drive multiple executing agencies simultaneously.
3. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the communication unit on the pattern configurations plate Member be serial data communication unit, include asynchronous serial communication bus, spi bus, I2C bus and CAN bus one kind or A variety of, the asynchronous serial communication bus has Transistor-Transistor Logic level interface and RS232 electric level interface, via MAX3232CSE chip Realize serial digital signal level conversion.
4. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with Inertial navigation measuring unit, to be built-in or external, built-in inertial navigation measuring unit is inertial navigation measuring unit MPU9250 Inertial Measurement Unit, external inertial navigation measuring unit are connect by the communication unit with pattern configurations plate.
5. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with GPS navigation measuring unit, GPS navigation measuring unit are that built-in or external, built-in GPS navigation measuring unit uses OEM615GPS functional module, external GPS navigation measuring unit are connect by the communication unit with pattern configurations plate.
6. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with Rotation speed measurement unit, the rotation speed measurement unit include 4 tachometric survey channels, provide precise rotation for speed closed loop control Measurement.
7. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pattern configurations plate is additionally provided with Voltage monitoring signal conditioning unit, voltage monitoring signal conditioning unit are 4 tunnels, to system power supply and electrical source of power because of detection needs It is improved, and external required measurement analog voltage signal is improved.
8. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the system power supply unit includes 15V/5V power conversion module and 5V/3.3V power conversion module.
9. embedded flight controller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the internal bus interface be plate with Connector for substrate, side are male connector, and the other side is that can arrange busbar needle, 1 pair by 2 pair of 80 core with the base of male connector make-up, connector 60 cores row's busbar needle is realized to be connected between plate and plate, 100 tunnel useful signal Shuo Wei of internal bus.
10. embedded flight controller according to any one of claims 1 to 9, it is characterised in that: the communication unit Interface is MicroUSB type interface, and the control output interface is 2.54 millimeters of curved row's needle interfaces.
CN201910041904.1A 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 Embedded flight controller Pending CN109739142A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101913427A (en) * 2010-08-04 2010-12-15 北京航空航天大学 Avionics system suitable for multi-purpose unmanned aircraft
CN102033546A (en) * 2010-11-09 2011-04-27 上海交通大学 Low-altitude airship flight control system and flight control method thereof
CN102360218A (en) * 2011-10-14 2012-02-22 天津大学 ARM (advanced RISC (reduced instruction set computer) machines) and FPGA (field-programmable gate array) based navigation and flight control system for unmanned helicopter
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