CN109738695A - Based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device - Google Patents
Based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device.Including power measurement module and display module under power measurement module, direct current signal under single-chip microcontroller, alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing acquisition module, alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module, AC signal.The present invention uses MSP430 for the core of control circuit, the characteristics of dexterously utilizing alternating current-direct current signal, relay, which is controlled, using single-chip microcontroller by alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing acquisition module and alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module selects different measuring circuits, to reach the function of measurement alternating current-direct current signal, energy automatic identification exchange, direct current supply, and automatically select range, exchange detection module HLW8032 chip is respectively adopted and DC detecting module I NA210 chip realizes the measurement of alternating current-direct current power, precision is higher, error is less than 5%, preferably improve the accuracy of device measurement, improve the performance of product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device.
Background technique
AC power is defined as the average value of the instantaneous power in a cycleExchange electric work
The unit of rate is watt, is derived unit.There are many measurement method of measurement AC power at present, multiplied using various
Method circuit realizes the product or voltage of voltage and electric current and the product of current divider voltage, mainly includes following several: (1) electronic
Mean that needle power meter is the relational implementation function directly proportional to the amp product in coil using the magnetic fields torque of two coils
Rate measurement；(2) when split plot design power measurement be using amplitude modulation and pulse duration modulation method, on the differential period, amplitude with
The method measurement mean power that time multiplication integrates again；(3) numerical sample method is to utilize A/D converter collection voltages and electric current
Instantaneous numerical value, by discrete mathematical formulaeCalculate electrical power；(4) thermoelectricity comparison method is on a resistor
Respectively by alternating current and DC current, fever causes temperature rise to be compared by the thermoelectrical potential of thermocouple, realizes AC power
Method compared with DC electric power, there are many circuit forms for alternating current-direct current power comparison method, but all utilize formula (a+b)2-
(a-b)2=4ab calculates the product of voltage and electric current；(5) it can also be used using the traceability of alternating voltage effective value measurement
FormulaThree virtual values are measured, then calculate electrical power；It (6) in addition can also for sinusoidal ac
Electrical power is calculated to measure voltage effective value, current effective value and phase difference respectively using formula P=UIcos φ；(7) power electricity
Stream comparator method is that measured voltage is converted into mutually with orthogonal electric current, adjusting is the same as mutually and orthogonal using resistor and capacitor
Current coil the number of turns, so that the sum of its shunt current number of ampere turns is obtained magnetic potential balance in magnet ring with tested electric current number of ampere turns, in
It is to utilize formulaIn resistance value R, capacitance C and voltage effective value U calculate electric work
Rate ground method；(8) current node method is similar with above-mentioned power current comparator method, will be by also with resistor and capacitor
Voltage is surveyed to be converted into making this two-way electric current and tested electric current converge to a node with mutually and orthogonal electric current, adjust resistance and
Capacitor, when node above earth potential is zero, the sum of three branch currents are zero, do not have to directly measurement electric current and obtain formulaThe method for calculating electrical power using resistance value R, capacitance C and the voltage effective value U in formula.
Currently, above-mentioned various methods are widely used in engineering survey and measurement criteria, various surveys are had devised
Measuring appratus, but it is only used for single measurement alternating current or direct current mostly, and structure is complex, it is inconvenient for use.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide can be known based on data acquisition automatically
The electric power measurement device of other alternating current-direct current signal designs and produces a simple power measurement using the MSP430F5529 of TI company
Device, to select different measuring circuits, is used using alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing circuit is designed the characteristics of alternating current-direct current signal
INA210 acquires electric current, then by electric resistance partial pressure collection voltages, HLW8032 etc. measures chip to measure AC or DC signal
Power in load, and real-time digital shows the performance number.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal based on data acquisition
Electric power measurement device, including single-chip microcontroller, alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing acquisition module, alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control mould
Power measurement module and display module, single-chip microcontroller are separately connected friendship directly under power measurement module, direct current signal under block, AC signal
Stream signal distinguishing acquisition module, alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module and display module, the output end of single-chip microcontroller connect respectively
Connect under AC signal power measurement module under power measurement module and direct current signal.
Further, the alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module includes relay K1 and K2, relay K2 series connection
The lines in parallel of the route of resistance R1 and relay K1 series resistance R2, side connects power supply after K2 parallel diode D1, another
The collector of side connecting triode Q1, the base stage of Q1 connect resistance R6, emitter ground connection；Side connects after K1 parallel diode D2
Power supply, the collector of other side connecting triode Q2, the base stage of Q2 connect resistance R7, emitter ground connection.
Further, power measurement module includes exchange detection module U1 under the AC signal, and the pin 1 of U1 connects electricity
Source, pin 2 are separately connected one end of resistance R3 and capacitor C1, and pin 3 is separately connected one end of resistance R4 and capacitor C2, and C1's is another
The other end of one end and C2 are grounded, and pin 5 is grounded, be separately connected after 6 series resistance R27 of pin resistance R25 one end and
The other end of sending port TX, resistance R25 are grounded, and pin 8 connects input port RX.
Further, power measurement module includes including DC detecting module U2 and operational amplifier under the direct current signal
The pin 1,2 of U4, INA210 chip U2 are grounded, and pin 3 connects power supply, and pin 6 connects one end of resistance R18, and R18's is another
The pin 3 of end connection operational amplifier U4, is grounded after series resistance R19,1 series electrical of pin of U4 after the pin 4 and 2 of U4 connects
It is connected between the tie point of pin 4 and 2 of resistance R19 and U4 after resistance R20, the pin 8 of U4 connects power supply, after pin 6 and 7 connects
Series resistance R29 is grounded after then connecting capacitor C6.
Further, the single-chip microcontroller is MSP430 type single-chip microcontroller, and the display module is OLED display screen.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention uses MSP430 for the core of control circuit, alternating current-direct current is dexterously utilized
The characteristics of signal, uses single-chip microcontroller control by alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing acquisition module and alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module
Relay processed selects different measuring circuits, thus reach the function of measurement alternating current-direct current signal, it can the confession of automatic identification alternating current and direct current
Electricity, and range is automatically selected, exchange detection module HLW8032 chip is respectively adopted and DC detecting module I NA210 chip is realized
The measurement of alternating current-direct current power, precision is higher, and error preferably improves the accuracy of device measurement, improve product less than 5%
Performance.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 be the specific embodiment of the invention described in based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electrical power survey
Measure the structural block diagram of device；
Fig. 2 is the circuit connection diagram of alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram of power measurement module under AC signal in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the circuit connection diagram of power measurement module under direct current signal in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is a kind of flow diagram of electric power measurement method described in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment of the attached drawing to technical solution of the present invention.Following embodiment is only used for
Clearly illustrate technical solution of the present invention, therefore be only used as example, and cannot be used as a limitation and limit protection model of the invention
It encloses.
It should be noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical term or scientific term used in this application should be this hair
The ordinary meaning that bright one of ordinary skill in the art are understood.
In this application unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
Embodiment
1. design scheme working principle
1.1 expected realization target positioning
Using the MSP430F5529 of TI company as main control chip, adopted when measuring DC load power with INA210 chip
Colleeting comb is sampled with HLM8032 chip when surveying AC load power, then is shown power with OLED display screen.And it should
The power supply of device energy automatic identification alternating current and direct current, and range is automatically selected, when measuring different loads, it can satisfy required
Error range.
(1) direct current signal
Load is pure resistance, and using direct current supply, supply voltage adjusts load resistance, be capable of measuring in 200mV~5V
40mW~1W bearing power, error is less than 1%；Load is pure resistance, using direct current supply.Supply voltage is in 200mV~30V
When, load resistance is adjusted, energy automatic measurement 40mW~1W bearing power, error is less than 1%.
(2) AC signal
Load is pure resistance, is powered using 50Hz simple alternating current, and supply voltage virtual value is in 1V~5V, adjustment load electricity
Resistance, is capable of measuring 40mW~500mW bearing power, error loads the net in series with a resistor for 1000 μ F electrolytic capacitors less than 5%
Network is powered using 50Hz simple alternating current.Supply voltage virtual value in 1V~5V, adjust load resistance, be capable of measuring 40mW~
500mW load active power, measurement error is less than 5%.
1.2 Technical Analysis compare
(1) demonstration and selection of kernel control module
Scheme one；Using 51 single-chip microcontrollers, programming is simple, easy to operate, but without AD, the functions such as EEPROM need to extend, and increase
The burden of hardware and software is added.
Scheme two；It is quick using FPGA processing speed, and abundant information on internet, the development cycle is short, but structure is complicated,
It is relatively specific for the system more demanding in logic function and two aspect of data processing speed.
Scheme three；MSP430 is a 16 single-chip microcontrollers, has powerful processing capacity, arithmetic speed is fast, can be in 8MH
Under crystal-driven, the instruction cycle of 125ns is realized, and have the characteristics that super low-power consumption.
To sum up, consider factors, selection scheme three of the present invention.
(2) demonstration and selection of AC power measurement module
Scheme one；HLM8032 is a high-precision electrical energy measurement IC, is mainly used for single-phase application, it is capable of measuring line electricity
Pressure and electric current, and power can be calculated, HLW8032 has precision height, small power consumption, high reliability.
Scheme two；SA9904 accuracy is not high, has 20 pins, is encapsulated using PDID, and occupied space is big, so that product body
Product becomes larger.
To sum up, selection scheme one of the present invention.
(3) DC power measurement module demonstration and selection
Scheme one: using the INA19x series offset voltage of TI company in 150uV, gain selection be respectively 50v/v,
100v/v,200v/v.Bandwidth: up to 500KHz has complete current sensing solutions.
Scheme two: using the INA21X series wide common mode range of TI company: -0.3~26V, offset voltage: 35uV, gain
Selection is respectively 50v/v, 100v/v, 200v/v, 500v/v, 1000v/v, gain error 1%.
In conclusion INA21x series ratio INA19x series gain selective is more, offset voltage ratio INA19x series is small
It is more, so the present invention selects INA21x series as DC power measurement module.
(4) display module selection and demonstration
Scheme one: 12864 volume of liquid crystal is larger, needs backlight, so power consumption is larger, response speed is fast without OLED slowly,
And inside has liquid crystal non-seismic.
Scheme two: OLED is small in size, occupies little space, and does not need backlight, low in energy consumption, fast response time, is inside OLED
Solid, antidetonation, system stability are high.
To sum up, the present invention selects OLED as display module.
(5) alternating current-direct current signal control module
Scheme one: acquiring relay to control, and element is few, easily controllable, easy to operate, easy to operate using single-chip microcontroller.
Scheme two: it is controlled using interlock circuit, but parts number is big, greatly increases the difficulty of welding, improves error
A possibility that, reduce the stability of system.
To sum up, selection scheme one of the present invention.
1.3 system structure working principles
As shown in Figure 1, it is provided by the present invention based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement
Device mainly includes；Kernel control module MSP430F5529 single-chip microcontroller, INA210 DC detecting module, HLW8032 exchange inspection
Module, the functional modules such as display module are surveyed, single-chip microcontroller is separately connected alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing acquisition module, alternating current-direct current signal power
Measurement control module and display module, the output end of single-chip microcontroller are separately connected power measurement module and direct current signal under AC signal
Lower power measurement module.
1.4 functional parameter implementation methods
(1) DC measurement power
It is alternating current or direct current using MSP430 detection, control relay selects different measuring circuits, if it is
DC signal obtains the electric current at the both ends R1 with INA210 chip, and voltage acquisition is to be put by electric resistance partial pressure using amplifier
Greatly, data are transmitted to MSP430 and are AD converted by filtering.Power is calculated by software, then is shown by OLED display screen.
(2) electrical measurement power is exchanged
If it is alternating current, the relay closure of connection measurement alternating current circuit is measured with special chip HLW8032 and is corresponded to
Current Voltage, the data being calculated by HLW8032 by communication is transmitted to MSP430.It is shown again by OLED display screen.
1.5 measurement control analysis processing
(1) direct current exchange electric detection method is realized
The characteristics of using direct current AC signal, is ceaselessly scanned with MSP430, if the voltage of detection is a stabilization
Value be then direct current signal, otherwise is AC signal.
(2) power measurement module under direct current signal
Acquire electric current with INA210, by circuit partial pressure again by TLV2316DR amplifier, filtering, later by single-chip microcontroller into
Row AD conversion.By calculating to measure bearing power under direct current.
(3) power measurement module under AC signal
Data are acquired with HLW8023, data are then transmitted to single-chip microcontroller using communication, to show on a display screen negative
Carry power.
2. core component circuit design
2.1 Primary Component performance evaluations
The main devices that this system uses have single machine MSP430, INA210, HLW8032, amplifier.
(1) single-chip microcontroller MSP430 chip performance is analyzed
MSP430 has the characteristics that low-power consumption, and computing capability is big, simple using the STM32 that compares, so the present invention selects
MSP430。
(2) INA210 performance evaluation
The INA210 has voltage output current distributing monitor, can entire current divider in common mode sense drop-out voltage be-
0.3V to 26V, the low zero shift framework of lacking of proper care of independent supply voltage make current detecting and entire shunt down to maximum drip 10mV's
Full scale.These device uses+2.7V draws 100 most μ a-power supply electric currents to+26V working power.All versions all provide
It is encapsulated in the operating temperature range (- 40 DEG C to+125 DEG C) of extension, and in SC70.
(3) CMOS tube HLW8032 performance evaluation
HLW8032 is a high-precision electrical energy measurement IC, it uses CMOS manufacturing process, is mainly used for single-phase application.
It can measure line voltage and electric current, and can calculate active power, apparent energy and power factor (PF).The device inside is integrated with two
A ∑-Δ type ADC and a high-precision electrical energy measurement kernel.HLW8032 can carry out data communication by UART port,
HLW8032 is powered using 5V, built-in 3.579M crystal oscillator, the SOP encapsulation of 8PIN.HLW8032 have precision height, small power consumption, reliably
Property it is high, suitable environment ability is strong the advantages that, the electrical energy measurement suitable for single-phase-two-wire power consumer.
(4) amplifier performance evaluation
The operational amplifier of low-power consumption is put into railway and output pulsation, and low Quies score value electric current (400 μ A are typical) adds
The broadband of 10mhz and low-down noise (the 12nv/ √ hz under 1khz), to meet the needs of various applications.
2.2 circuit structure working principles
(1) alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module: relay is controlled by single-chip microcontroller and selects different power measurements
Circuit.Specifically: as shown in Fig. 2, the lines in parallel of relay K2 series resistance R1 and relay K1 series resistance R2, K2 is in parallel
Side connects power supply after diode D1, and the base stage of the collector of other side connecting triode Q1, Q1 connects resistance R6, and emitter connects
Ground；Side connects power supply after K1 parallel diode D2, and the base stage of the collector of other side connecting triode Q2, Q2 connects resistance
R7, emitter ground connection.
(2) power measurement module under direct current signal: acquiring electric current using INA210 chip, then pass through electric resistance partial pressure principle,
Voltage is taken, then obtains the power of DC load by software calculating, is finally shown on a display screen.Specifically: such as
Shown in Fig. 3, including the pin 1,2 of DC detecting module U2 and operational amplifier U4, INA210 chip U2 is grounded, and pin 3 connects
Power supply is connect, pin 6 connects one end of resistance R18, the pin 3 of the other end connection operational amplifier U4 of R18, the pin 4 and 2 of U4
It is grounded after series resistance R19 after connection, the pin 4 and 2 that resistance R19 and U4 are connected to after the 1 series resistance R20 of pin of U4 connects
Between point, the pin 8 of U4 connects power supply, and series resistance R29 after pin 6 and 7 connects is grounded after then connecting capacitor C6.
(3) power measurement module under AC signal: power directly is measured using HLW8032 exchange detection module, is then led to
It crosses communication and is transmitted to single-chip microcontroller, finally shown by display screen.Specifically: as shown in figure 4, exchange detection module U1, U1's draws
Foot 1 connects power supply, and pin 2 is separately connected one end of resistance R3 and capacitor C1, and pin 3 is separately connected the one of resistance R4 and capacitor C2
End, the other end of C1 and the other end of C2 are grounded, and pin 5 is grounded, and are separately connected resistance R25's after 6 series resistance R27 of pin
One end and sending port TX, the other end ground connection of resistance R25, pin 8 connect input port RX.
3. system Whole Work Flow
As shown in Figure 5: system initialization, single-chip microcontroller start internal tri- tunnel AD conversion, receive the acquisition of alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing
The collected signal of module, judgement is alternating current or direct current, and if alternating current, single-chip microcontroller sends a signal to alternating current-direct current signal
Power measurement control module is closed by the relay K1 of wherein alternating current circuit, and passes through power measurement mould under AC signal
Block is measured and is shown on a display screen；If direct current, single-chip microcontroller sends a signal to the control of alternating current-direct current signal power measurement
Module is closed by the relay K2 of wherein direct current circuit, and is measured simultaneously by power measurement module under direct current signal
Display is on a display screen.
4. effect analysis and summary
4.1 system testing performance indicators
(1) power measurement module measures under direct current signal, and R=50 ohm
| V(V) | 3.48 | 2.63 | 1.67 | 0.89 |
| I(A) | 0.0666 | 0.05 | 0.033 | 0.0166 |
| P(mW) | 231.78 | 137.50 | 55.61 | 14.77 |
| Measurement result | 228.10 | 134.61 | 56.01 | 14.02 |
Substantially meet requirement of the error less than 1%.
(2) power measurement module measures under AC signal
Substantially meet requirement of the design requirement error less than 5%.
Maximum measurement electric current 0.6v, maximum measurement voltage 6v,
P=UI
Measured power is 3.6W.
4.2 effect gain and loss comparative analyses
Available by testing, the simple power-measuring device that the present invention designs and produces can be exchanged with automatic identification, is straight
Stream power supply, and range is automatically selected, precision is higher, meets requirement of the error less than 5%, preferably realizes indices.
4.3 beneficial effect
The characteristics of present invention uses MSP430 for the core of control circuit, dexterously utilizes alternating current-direct current signal, uses monolithic
Machine control relay selects different measuring circuits, to reach the function of test cross direct current signal, uses dedicated power measurement
Chip HLW8032 improves the performance of the present apparatus to improve the accuracy that device measures.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (5)
1. it is a kind of based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device, it is characterised in that: including list
Power measurement mould under piece machine, alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing acquisition module, alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module, AC signal
Power measurement module and display module under block, direct current signal, single-chip microcontroller are separately connected alternating current-direct current signal distinguishing acquisition module, hand over directly
Stream signal power measurement control module and display module, the output end of single-chip microcontroller are separately connected power measurement module under AC signal
With power measurement module under direct current signal.
2. it is according to claim 1 based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device,
Be characterized in that: the alternating current-direct current signal power measurement control module includes relay K1 and K2, relay K2 series resistance R1's
The lines in parallel of route and relay K1 series resistance R2, side connects power supply, other side connection three after K2 parallel diode D1
The collector of pole pipe Q1, the base stage of Q1 connect resistance R6, emitter ground connection；Side connects power supply after K1 parallel diode D2, separately
The collector of side connecting triode Q2, the base stage of Q2 connect resistance R7, emitter ground connection.
3. it is according to claim 1 based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device,
Be characterized in that: power measurement module includes that the pin 1 of exchange detection module U1, U1 connect power supply, pin 2 under the AC signal
It is separately connected one end of resistance R3 and capacitor C1, pin 3 is separately connected one end of resistance R4 and capacitor C2, the other end and C2 of C1
The other end be grounded, pin 5 is grounded, and one end and the sending port of resistance R25 are separately connected after 6 series resistance R27 of pin
The other end of TX, resistance R25 are grounded, and pin 8 connects input port RX.
4. it is according to claim 1 based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement device,
Be characterized in that: power measurement module includes DC detecting module U2 and operational amplifier U4, INA210 core under the direct current signal
The pin 1,2 of piece U2 is grounded, and pin 3 connects power supply, and pin 6 connects one end of resistance R18, and the other end of R18 connects operation
The pin 3 of amplifier U4 is grounded after series resistance R19 after the pin 4 and 2 of U4 connects, connects after the 1 series resistance R20 of pin of U4
It connects between the tie point of pin 4 and 2 of resistance R19 and U4, the pin 8 of U4 connects power supply, series resistance after pin 6 and 7 connects
R29 is grounded after then connecting capacitor C6.
5. it is according to claim 1-4 based on data acquisition can automatic identification alternating current-direct current signal electric power measurement
Device, it is characterised in that: the single-chip microcontroller is MSP430 type single-chip microcontroller, and the display module is OLED display screen, the exchange
Detection module U1 is HLW8032 chip, and the DC detecting module U2 is INA210 chip, and the operational amplifier U4 is
TLV2316DR operational amplifier.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110531154A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-03 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Energy metering device and method |
| CN110568295A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | AC/DC load fault detection circuit and detection method thereof |
| CN110568295B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2024-03-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | AC/DC load fault detection circuit and detection method thereof |
| CN114037104A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-02-11 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司营销服务中心 | Method and system for monitoring errors of direct current measuring device |
| CN117233647A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 中关村芯海择优科技有限公司 | AC/DC signal self-adaptive detection circuit and electrical equipment |
| CN117233647B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-20 | 中关村芯海择优科技有限公司 | AC/DC signal self-adaptive detection circuit and electrical equipment |
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