CN109738475B - High-frequency secondary flame impact testing device and testing method - Google Patents
High-frequency secondary flame impact testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109738475B CN109738475B CN201910024647.0A CN201910024647A CN109738475B CN 109738475 B CN109738475 B CN 109738475B CN 201910024647 A CN201910024647 A CN 201910024647A CN 109738475 B CN109738475 B CN 109738475B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-frequency secondary flame impact testing device and a testing method. The testing device comprises a rotating host system 1, an ablation gun system 2, a heat flux density measuring system 3, an air supply system 4 and a machine table 5. The high-frequency secondary flame impact testing device and the testing method can effectively solve the simulation problem of special equipment parts such as a quick-fire gun barrel and the like in a high-frequency secondary flame impact service environment, can quickly, effectively and reliably test the ablation resistance of the parts, and provide a reliable testing device and a reliable testing method for effectively representing the service life of the high-temperature parts under the high-frequency secondary flame impact service condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a testing device, and particularly relates to a high-frequency secondary flame impact testing device and a testing method.
Background
When special equipment (such as artillery, missile and the like) works, important parts (such as a barrel, a pulse jet pipe and the like) of the special equipment are subjected to high-frequency ablation and scouring of gunpowder and fuel gas. At present, in order to prolong the service life of equipment, research teams at home and abroad adopt coatings and new materials to improve the ablation resistance of important parts. However, there is a lack of rapid, efficient, economical, and reliable test equipment and methods for accurately testing the erosion resistance of components using coatings and new materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a testing device for simulating high-frequency and high-temperature flame impact.
The invention also aims to provide a test method adopting the test device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-frequency flame impact testing device comprises a rotating host system, an ablation gun system, a heat flux density measuring system, an air supply system and a machine table; the rotary host system, the ablation gun system and the heat flux density measuring system are arranged on the machine table, and the gas supply system is arranged below the machine table; the rotating host system, the ablation gun system and the heat flux density measuring system are sequentially connected, and the gas supply system is connected with the ablation gun system; the rotary host system comprises a protective cover, a rotary chuck, a monitoring camera, a rotary water cooling system, a variable frequency motor, a transmission belt and a base, wherein the rotary chuck is connected with the rotary water cooling system, the rotary chuck and the rotary water cooling system are arranged on the base, the protective cover is covered outside the rotary chuck and the rotary water cooling system, the rotary water cooling system is connected with the variable frequency motor through the transmission belt, and the monitoring camera is arranged on the base and positioned outside the protective cover; the ablation gun system comprises an automatic electronic ignition device, an infrared thermometer, a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun, a swinging stepping motor and a movable workbench, wherein the swinging stepping motor is connected with the automatic electronic ignition device, the infrared thermometer and the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun, and the automatic electronic ignition device, the infrared thermometer, the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun and the swinging stepping motor are arranged on the movable workbench; the heat flux density measuring system is arranged on the movable workbench and comprises a heat exchanger, an outer water jacket, a water inlet, a water outlet, a water inlet thermocouple and a water outlet thermocouple, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged in the outer water jacket; the gas supply system comprises electromagnetic valves and flow meters, wherein the electromagnetic valves and the flow meters are connected into a group and are arranged in three groups.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the rotary chuck is provided with a lower pressure plate, a clamping bolt and an upper pressure plate.
As the improvement to the technical scheme, a fairing is arranged in the rotating chuck, and a protective cover is arranged outside the rotating chuck.
As an improvement on the technical scheme, a cooling water channel is arranged in the rotary chuck.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, a zirconium dioxide ceramic coating with the thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm is sprayed on the fire-facing surface of the rotating chuck.
The method for testing by adopting the high-frequency secondary flame impact testing device comprises the following steps:
1) detecting the appearance, the size and the like of a sample piece to be tested, and photographing and recording;
2) connecting a cooling water system;
3) oxygen is connected, the pressure is controlled to be 0.35-0.45 MPa, acetylene is connected, and the pressure is controlled to be 0.09-0.1 MPa;
4) unlocking the lock of the protective cover, opening the protective cover and exposing the rotating chuck; fixing a lower pressing plate at one side of a through hole of a chuck, and inserting a sample piece to be tested; screwing in a clamping bolt, adjusting the centering of the sample piece to be tested and then screwing down; installing an upper pressure plate and pressing the upper pressure plate by using bolts; installing the balance weights with the same mass in the same way; closing the protective cover and fastening the protective cover lock catch;
5) starting a computer, and rotating a swing stepping motor to enable a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun to be positioned at a 0-degree position; adjusting the movable worktable, and adjusting the distance between the sample piece to be tested and the nozzle of the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun to be 10 +/-0.2 mm; rotating the swing stepping motor to enable the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun to be positioned at a vacancy of 45 degrees;
6) presetting oxygen and acetylene flow as specified values on a computer, wherein the oxygen flow is 1400-1600L/h, the acetylene flow is 1000-1200L/h, and the mixing ratio of oxygen and acetylene is 1.35; setting the test time;
7) pressing the ignition button, the electromagnetic valve will open automatically, the automatic electronic ignition device ignites, lights the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun;
8) pressing down a calibration button, and rotating a water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun to a 90-degree position under the driving of a swinging stepping motor, so that flame is irradiated on a heat exchanger; after the temperature reaches dynamic balance, reading out the temperature difference delta T of the inlet water and the outlet water by the inlet water thermocouple and the outlet water thermocouple respectively, calculating according to a formula I by heat flow density calculation software on a computer, averaging the calculation results of five times to obtain a heat flow density calibration result, and displaying the heat flow density calibration result on a computer screen in real time; the computer will automatically adjust the flow of oxygen and acetylene to ensureThe heat flow density is 4186.8 +/-418.68 kW/m2(ii) a The formula one is as follows:
in the formula: q-heat flow density, W/m2；
qm-mass flow of water, kg/s;
Cp-the heat capacity of water at room temperature, J/(kg · K);
Δ T-temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water, K;
a-heat receiving area of heat exchanger, m2；
9) Starting the variable frequency motor, and adjusting the rotating speed to a specified value, namely 0-1500 r/min;
10) a test start button is pressed, the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is rotated to a 0-degree position under the drive of the swinging stepping motor, and flame is sprayed on the rotating rotary chuck and a to-be-tested sample, so that the periodic flame impact test of 1500 times/min at most is realized; in the test, the temperature is monitored and recorded in the whole process by an infrared thermometer, and the whole process of the test is recorded by a monitoring camera;
11) when the flame impact frequency or time reaches a set value, the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun automatically rotates to a vacancy of 45 degrees, the electromagnetic valve is automatically closed, and the flame is extinguished;
12) after the test is finished, closing the acetylene gas valve, the oxygen gas valve, the device power switch and the cooling water in sequence;
13) and after the sample piece is cooled to the room temperature, taking out the sample piece, detecting the appearance, the size and the like of the sample piece after the flame impact test, and taking a picture for recording.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme is adopted, so that the simulation problem of special equipment parts such as a quick-fire gun barrel and the like in a high-frequency secondary flame impact service environment can be effectively solved, the ablation resistance of the parts can be tested quickly, effectively and reliably, and a reliable testing device and a testing method are provided for effectively representing the service life of the high-temperature parts in the high-frequency secondary flame impact service environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating host system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating mainframe system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an ablation gun system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat flux density measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an air supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a spin chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of gas path control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a rotating host system 1, an ablation gun system 2, a heat flux density measuring system 3, an air supply system 4, a machine table 5, a protective cover 6, a rotating chuck 7, a monitoring camera 8, a rotating water cooling system 9, a variable frequency motor 10, a transmission belt 11, a base 12, an automatic electronic ignition device 13, an infrared thermometer 14, a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15, a swinging stepping motor 16, a movable workbench 17, a heat exchanger 18, an external water jacket 19, a water inlet 20, a water outlet 21, a water inlet thermocouple 22, a water outlet thermocouple 23, an electromagnetic valve 24, a flowmeter 25, a lower pressure plate 26, a clamping bolt 27, an upper pressure plate 28 and a sample piece 29 to be tested.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present invention based on the above descriptions.
Example (b): a high-frequency secondary flame impact testing device is shown in figures 1-9 and comprises a rotating host system 1, an ablation gun system 2, a heat flux density measuring system 3, an air supply system 4 and a machine table 5; the rotating host system 1, the ablation gun system 2 and the heat flux density measuring system 3 are arranged on the machine table 5, and the gas supply system 4 is arranged below the machine table 5; the rotating host system 1, the ablation gun system 2 and the heat flux density measuring system 3 are sequentially connected, and the gas supply system 4 is connected with the ablation gun system 2; the rotating host system 1 comprises a protective cover 6, a rotating chuck 7, a monitoring camera 8, a rotating water cooling system 9, a variable frequency motor 10, a transmission belt 11 and a base 12, wherein the rotating chuck 7 is connected with the rotating water cooling system 9, the rotating chuck 7 and the rotating water cooling system 9 are arranged on the base 12, the protective cover 6 is covered outside, the rotating water cooling system 9 is connected with the variable frequency motor 10 through the transmission belt 11, and the monitoring camera 8 is arranged on the base 12 and is positioned outside the protective cover 6; the ablation gun system 2 comprises an automatic electronic ignition device 13, an infrared thermometer 14, a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15, a swing stepping motor 16 and a movable workbench 17, wherein the swing stepping motor 16 is connected with the automatic electronic ignition device 13, the infrared thermometer 14 and the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15, and the automatic electronic ignition device 13, the infrared thermometer 14, the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 and the swing stepping motor 16 are arranged on the movable workbench 17; the heat flux density measuring system 3 is arranged on the movable workbench 17, the heat flux density measuring system 3 comprises a heat exchanger 18, an outer water jacket 19, a water inlet 20, a water outlet 21, a water inlet thermocouple 22 and a water outlet thermocouple 23, the heat exchanger 18 is arranged in the outer water jacket 19, the water inlet 20 and the water outlet 21 are arranged outside the outer water jacket 19, the water inlet thermocouple 22 is arranged on the water inlet 20, and the water outlet thermocouple 23 is arranged on the water outlet 21; the gas supply system 4 comprises an electromagnetic valve 24 and a flowmeter 25, wherein the electromagnetic valve 24 and the flowmeter 25 are connected into a group and are arranged in three groups.
In order to facilitate the clamping of the sample piece 29, the spin chuck 7 has a lower pressure plate 26, a clamping screw 27 and an upper pressure plate 28.
The machine table 5 provides a working table and a support for the whole device.
The rotating host system 1 comprises a protective cover 6, a rotating chuck 7, a monitoring camera 8, a rotating water cooling system 9, a variable frequency motor 10, a transmission belt 11 and a base 12. The effect of safety cover 6 is that the sample is thrown away when preventing to rotate, disposes two hasps, is convenient for open, closes. The rotating chuck 7 is used for installing and pressing a sample piece to be tested and has a rotating function, the sample piece to be tested is installed at a through hole of the rotating chuck 7, and the installation position adopts an eccentric structure. The monitoring camera 8 is used for recording a video of the test process. The rotary water cooling system 9 adopts a water channel design, and cooling water is introduced into the rotary joint to protect the rotary joint from failure due to overhigh temperature in the working engineering. The base 12 provides an installation base for the rotating chuck, one end of the base can be detached and is provided with a positioning pin, and therefore the bearing alignment precision can be conveniently guaranteed. The variable frequency motor 10 is installed under the working table surface, the rotating chuck 7 is driven to rotate through the transmission belt 11, the rotating speed can be set and displayed, the speed regulation range is 0-1500 r/min, the variable frequency motor 10 adopts resistance energy consumption braking, the rotating speed of the sample table can be rapidly reduced to zero after the test is finished, and the shutdown time is shortened.
The ablation gun system 2 comprises an automatic electronic ignition device 13, an infrared thermometer 14, a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15, a swing stepping motor 16 and a movable workbench 17. The ablation gun system 2 is arranged on the table top of the machine table 5, a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 is adopted, and a water-cooling jacket is used for cooling the nozzle of the ablation gun. The automatic electronic ignition device 13 is arranged, so that quick automatic ignition can be realized. The infrared thermometer 14 is aligned with the flame core and can measure the flame temperature in real time. The automatic electronic ignition device 13, the infrared thermometer 14 and the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 are connected with the swing stepping motor 16, the rotation is flexible and accurate, and three stations of 0 DEG ← → 45 DEG ← → 90 DEG are provided, wherein the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 is aligned to a sample to be tested at 0 DEG; 90 degrees are aligned with the heat flow density measuring system 3; the 45 degrees are the positions of water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray guns 15 vacant sites for ignition and flame flow adjustment. The swing stepping motor 16 is arranged on the movable workbench 17, and the distance between the muzzle of the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 and a sample piece to be tested can be adjusted by rotating the lead screw.
The heat flux density measuring system 3 is arranged on a movable workbench 17, is positioned at the same horizontal position with the water-cooling oxy-acetylene spray gun 15, and is used for measuring the thermal power of the flame so as to calibrate the heat flux density of the oxy-acetylene flame. During measurement, cooling water enters the outer water jacket 19 from the water inlet 20 and is discharged from the water outlet 21, the oxy-acetylene flame is irradiated on the heat exchanger 18, the temperature of inlet and outlet water changes, the temperature change can be measured by the water inlet thermocouple 22 and the water outlet thermocouple 23, and the heat flow density of the flame can be calculated.
The gas supply system is arranged below the machine table 5 and is used for supplying oxygen-acetylene mixed gas for the ablation gun system. The on-off of the air supply is controlled by an electromagnetic valve 24, the air supply flow is controlled by a mass flowmeter 25, the air supply flow is adjustable within the range of 500-5000L/h, and the flow control value is set on a computer.
The test method of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) and detecting the appearance, the size and the like of the sample piece to be tested, and photographing and recording.
2) Connecting a cooling water system;
3) oxygen (0.35-0.45 MPa) and acetylene (0.09-0.1 MPa) are introduced.
4) Unlocking the protective cover lock catch, opening the protective cover 6 and exposing the rotating chuck 7; fixing a lower pressure plate 26 at one side of the through hole of the chuck, and inserting a sample piece 29 to be tested; screwing in the clamping bolt 27, adjusting the centering of the sample piece 29 to be tested and then screwing down; an upper pressure plate 28 is installed and is pressed tightly by bolts; the same mass of the weight member 30 is installed in the same manner; the protective cover 6 is closed and the protective cover lock is fastened.
5) Starting a computer, and rotating a swing stepping motor 16 to enable a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 to be positioned at a 0-degree position; adjusting the movable worktable 17, and adjusting the distance between the sample piece 29 to be tested and the nozzle of the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 to be 10 +/-0.2 mm; the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene lance 15 is positioned at a vacancy of 45 degrees by rotating the swing stepping motor 16.
6) Presetting oxygen and acetylene flow as specified values on a computer, wherein the oxygen flow is 1400-1600L/h, the acetylene flow is 1000-1200L/h, and the mixing ratio of oxygen and acetylene is 1.35; the test time is set.
7) When the ignition button is pressed, the electromagnetic valve 24 is automatically opened, the automatic electronic ignition device 13 ignites, and the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is ignited.
8) The calibration button is pressed, the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is rotated to a 90-degree position under the driving of the swing stepping motor 16, and flame is irradiated on the heat exchanger 18; etc. ofAfter the temperature reaches dynamic balance, the temperature difference delta T of the inlet water and the outlet water is read out by the inlet water thermocouple 22 and the outlet water thermocouple 23 respectively, the calculation is carried out according to a formula I through heat flow density calculation software on a computer, the calculation results of five times are averaged to obtain a heat flow density calibration result, and the heat flow density calibration result is displayed on a computer screen in real time. The computer automatically adjusts the flow of oxygen and acetylene to ensure that the heat flow density is 4186.8 +/-418.68 kW/m2. The formula one is as follows:
in the formula: q-heat flow density, W/m2；
qm-mass flow of water, kg/s;
Cp-the heat capacity of water at room temperature, J/(kg · K);
Δ T-temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water, K;
a-heat receiving area of heat exchanger, m2。
9) Starting the variable frequency motor 10, and adjusting the rotating speed to a specified value (0-1500 r/min).
10) The test start button is pressed, the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is rotated to the 0-degree position under the drive of the swing stepping motor 16, and flame is sprayed on the rotating rotary chuck 7 and the to-be-tested sample 29, so that the periodic flame impact test of 1500 times/min at most is realized. In the test, the temperature is monitored and recorded in the whole process by the infrared thermometer 14, and the whole process of the test is recorded by the monitoring camera 8.
11) When the flame impact frequency or time reaches a set value, the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 automatically rotates to a vacancy of 45 degrees, the electromagnetic valve 24 is automatically closed, and the flame is extinguished.
12) And after the test is finished, closing the acetylene gas valve, the oxygen gas valve, the device power switch and the cooling water in sequence.
13) And after the sample piece is cooled to the room temperature, taking out the sample piece 29, detecting the appearance, the size and the like of the sample piece after the flame impact test, and taking a picture for recording.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a piece to be tested, namely a gun barrel simulation piece.
Sample material-steel.
Surface condition of the sample piece-coating with an anti-ablation coating.
Sample shape-cylinder.
1) And (5) checking the appearance of the sample piece to be tested, measuring the inner diameter of the sample piece, and photographing and recording.
2) And (5) connecting cooling water.
3) Connecting oxygen, and adjusting a pressure reducing valve to enable the pressure to be 0.4 MPa; acetylene is switched on, and the pressure reducing valve is adjusted to 0.095 MPa.
4) Unlocking the protective cover lock catch, opening the protective cover 6 and exposing the rotating chuck 7; fixing a lower pressing plate 26 at one side of the chuck through hole, and inserting the artillery barrel simulation piece; screwing in the clamping bolt 27, adjusting the artillery barrel simulation piece to be centered, and then screwing down the bolt 27; an upper pressure plate 28 is installed and is pressed tightly by bolts; installing another artillery barrel simulation piece with the same mass in the same way to balance weight; the protective cover 6 is closed and the protective cover lock is fastened.
5) Starting a computer, and controlling the swing stepping motor 16 to rotate to enable the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 to be positioned at a 0-degree position; adjusting the movable workbench 17, and adjusting the distance between the end surface of the artillery barrel simulation piece and the nozzle of the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 to be 10 +/-0.2 mm; the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene lance 15 is positioned at a vacancy of 45 degrees by rotating the swing stepping motor 16.
6) The oxygen and acetylene flow rates are preset to 1452L/h and 1075L/h on a computer, respectively; the test time was set to 1 min.
7) When the ignition button is pressed, the electromagnetic valve 24 is automatically opened, the automatic electronic ignition device 13 ignites, and the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is ignited.
8) The calibration button is pressed, the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is rotated to a 90-degree position under the driving of the swing stepping motor 16, and flame is irradiated on the heat exchanger 18; according to the temperature difference of inlet and outlet water, the computer can automatically calculate heat-flow density, real-time display it on the computer screen, and automatically regulate oxygen and acetylene flow to ensure that the heat-flow density is 4186.8 +/-418.68kW/m2。
9) Starting the variable frequency motor 10 and adjusting the rotating speed to 1500 r/min.
10) When a test start button is pressed down, a flame impact test is started, the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 is rotated to a 0-degree position under the drive of the swinging stepping motor 16, and flame is shot on a gun barrel simulation piece rotating at a high speed. In the test, the temperature is monitored and recorded in the whole process by the infrared thermometer 14, and the whole process of the test is recorded by the monitoring camera 8.
11) After 1min, the impact frequency of the high-frequency flame reaches 1500 times, the test is finished, the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 automatically rotates to a vacancy of 45 degrees, and the flame is automatically extinguished.
12) And after the test is finished, closing the acetylene gas valve, the oxygen gas valve, the device power switch and the cooling water in sequence.
13) And after the sample piece is cooled to room temperature, taking out the artillery barrel simulation piece, detecting the appearance of the sample piece after the flame impact test, observing whether the coating falls off, testing the inner diameter of the sample piece, and calculating the ablation amount of the coating.
Example two:
a sample to be tested, namely a pulse engine spray pipe.
Sample material-molybdenum.
Surface condition of sample piece-polishing.
The shape of the sample piece is T-shaped in appearance and Laval in shape in interior.
1) And (5) checking the appearance of the sample piece to be tested, measuring the throat diameter of the sample piece, and photographing and recording.
2) And (5) connecting cooling water.
3) Connecting oxygen, and adjusting a pressure reducing valve to enable the pressure to be 0.5 MPa; acetylene is switched on, and the pressure reducing valve is adjusted to 0.1 MPa.
4) Unlocking the protective cover lock catch, opening the protective cover 6 and exposing the rotating chuck 7; fixing a lower pressing plate 26 at one side of the chuck through hole, and inserting the artillery barrel simulation piece; screwing in the clamping bolt 27, adjusting the pulse engine spray pipe to be centered, and then screwing down the bolt 27; an upper pressure plate 28 is installed and is pressed tightly by bolts; installing another pulse engine spray pipe with the same mass in the same way for weighting; the protective cover 6 is closed and the protective cover lock is fastened.
5) Starting a computer, and controlling the swing stepping motor 16 to rotate to enable the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 to be positioned at a 0-degree position; adjusting the movable workbench 17, and adjusting the distance between the end surface of the pulse engine spray pipe and the nozzle of the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 to be 10 +/-0.2 mm; the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene lance 15 is positioned at a vacancy of 45 degrees by rotating the swing stepping motor 16.
6) Respectively presetting the oxygen flow and the acetylene flow to 1552L/h and 1149L/h on a computer; the test time was set to 5 min.
7) When the ignition button is pressed, the electromagnetic valve 24 is automatically opened, the automatic electronic ignition device 13 ignites, and the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is ignited.
8) The calibration button is pressed, the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is rotated to a 90-degree position under the driving of the swing stepping motor 16, and flame is irradiated on the heat exchanger 18; according to the temperature difference of inlet and outlet water, the computer automatically calculates the heat flux density, the heat flux density is displayed on a computer screen in real time, the oxygen and acetylene flow rates are automatically adjusted, and the heat flux density is ensured to be 4186.8 +/-418.68 kW/m2。
9) Starting the variable frequency motor 10 and adjusting the rotating speed to a value of 10 r/min.
10) When the test start button is pressed down, the flame impact test is started, the water-cooled oxy-acetylene spray gun 15 is rotated to the 0-degree position under the drive of the swing stepping motor 16, and the flame is sprayed on the rotating pulse engine spray pipe. In the test, the temperature is monitored and recorded in the whole process by the infrared thermometer 14, and the whole process of the test is recorded by the monitoring camera 8.
11) After 5min, the flame impact frequency reaches 50 times, the test is finished, the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun 15 automatically rotates to a vacancy of 45 degrees, and the flame is automatically extinguished.
12) And after the test is finished, closing the acetylene gas valve, the oxygen gas valve, the device power switch and the cooling water in sequence.
13) And after the sample piece is cooled to room temperature, taking out the pulse engine spray pipe, detecting the appearance of the sample piece after the flame impact test, testing the throat diameter of the sample piece, and calculating the ablation amount.
The invention meets and breaks through the following difficulties in the design and research process:
1) the rotating chuck 7 is safe and smooth to rotate at high speed.
When the rotary chuck works, the maximum rotating speed of the rotary chuck can reach 1500 r/min. At such high rotation speed, how to ensure the safety and smoothness of the rotating chuck during high-speed rotation is a difficult point.
The solving measures are as follows:
a. the sample piece to be tested is eccentrically clamped on the chuck, so that the stable rotation of the chuck in a high-speed motion state can be influenced, a balance weight piece with the same shape and weight as the sample piece to be tested is clamped at a symmetrical position on the chuck, the weight is balanced, and the purpose of stable rotation is achieved.
b. The fairing is added in the rotating chuck, so that the airflow during high-speed rotation is leveled, and the rotating stability is ensured.
c. And a protective cover is added outside the chuck, so that the sample is prevented from being thrown out accidentally to hurt people in the high-speed rotation process.
2) In the test process, the surface of the rotating chuck 7 directly faces the impact and ablation of the flame, and the rotating chuck 7 is made of steel and cannot bear the long-term ablation of the oxy-acetylene flame of about 2000K.
The solving measures are as follows:
a. and a cooling water channel is arranged in the rotary chuck, and cooling water is adopted for cooling to prevent the temperature from rising. And the rotary joint is adopted to realize the sealing and transmission of cooling water in the rotating process of the rotating chuck.
b. And carrying out heat-resisting protection treatment on the fire-facing surface of the rotating chuck. The sprayed zirconium dioxide ceramic coating (with the thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm) is prepared by adopting plasma spraying, so that heat insulation and burning resistance are realized.
3) In the testing process, the temperature of the sample and the flame needs to be monitored in real time, and because the sample rotates at a high speed and the flame temperature is high, the accurate and reliable temperature measurement has certain difficulty.
The solving measures are as follows:
a. when the sample temperature is tested, the thermocouple and the rotating chuck rotate together at a high speed, thermocouple signals are dynamically collected, the rotating coupling slip ring is adopted to transmit the signals, and the electric signals of the thermocouple are reliably sent from the rotating chuck rotating at the high speed.
b. The sample temperature thermocouple adopts a platinum-rhodium thermocouple matched with high-temperature resistant Al2O3The protection tube is provided with a temperature measuring instrument to measure the back temperature of the sample, the measurement precision is 0.25%, the temperature measuring instrument is provided with an RS485 communication module, and the reading can be directly transmitted to an industrial personal computer.
c. The flame temperature adopts non-contact measurement, adopts infrared temperature measurement, realizes 500 and 2600 ℃ flame temperature measurement, also has the RS485 module.
The device of the invention also relies on a computer control system, which consists of a Siemens program controller (PLC), a computer and an electric execution component. The computer control system can realize the functions of real-time control, parameter setting, changing and the like; the control of the full-automatic experimental process and flow of the system is realized; the system has various functions of control interlocking, fault alarming, alarming recording and the like; the system has the functions of parameter setting and storage, real-time acquisition control, automatic measurement, automatic recording, data processing and the like.
A dynamic real-time display temperature-time relation curve is designed in control software, an accurate timer (0.01s) for the operation time is started in ablation, and working parameters are automatically recorded; the automatic ignition of the oxy-acetylene spray gun, the automatic calibration of flame heat flow density, the monitoring, displaying, storing, printing and other functions of the working process can be realized, so that the manual operation error is avoided, and the repeatability, stability and reliability of the experiment are ensured.
The invention has the following main beneficial effects:
1) the device can simulate the high-frequency flame impact working condition under the approximate real condition, realize the high-frequency flame impact ablation test on the sample, fully automatically control the ablation process and automatically record test data.
2) The impact frequency of the device is continuously adjustable, and the device can be used for carrying out flame impact tests of low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency.
3) The device can accurately monitor and control the testing parameters such as gas flow, heat flux density, flame temperature and the like through a computer, and the testing consistency is good.
4) The test method can test the flame impact resistance and ablation resistance of the workpiece under the approximate real working condition, realizes the evaluation of the flame impact resistance and ablation resistance of the workpiece coating and the material under the laboratory condition, can save the huge test cost under the real working conditions such as live ammunition shooting and the like, and shortens the test period.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a flame shock test device is once spent to high frequency which characterized in that: the high-frequency flame impact testing device comprises a rotating host system (1), an ablation gun system (2), a heat flux density measuring system (3), an air supply system (4) and a machine table (5); the rotating host system (1), the ablation gun system (2) and the heat flux density measuring system (3) are arranged on the machine table (5), and the gas supply system (4) is arranged below the machine table (5); the rotating host system (1), the ablation gun system (2) and the heat flux density measuring system (3) are sequentially connected, and the gas supply system (4) is connected with the ablation gun system (2); the rotating host system (1) comprises a protective cover (6), a rotating chuck (7), a monitoring camera (8), a rotating water cooling system (9), a variable frequency motor (10), a transmission belt (11) and a base (12), wherein the rotating chuck (7) is connected with the rotating water cooling system (9), the rotating chuck (7) and the rotating water cooling system (9) are arranged on the base (12), and the rotating chuck (7) rotates and flames are emitted on the rotating chuck (7) and a to-be-tested sample to realize periodic flame impact; a protective cover (6) is covered outside, the rotary water cooling system (9) is connected with the variable frequency motor (10) through a transmission belt (11), and the monitoring camera (8) is arranged on the base (12) and located outside the protective cover (6); the ablation gun system (2) comprises an automatic electronic ignition device (13), an infrared thermometer (14), a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15), a swinging stepping motor (16) and a movable workbench (17), wherein the swinging stepping motor (16) is connected with the automatic electronic ignition device (13), the infrared thermometer (14) and the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15), and the automatic electronic ignition device (13), the infrared thermometer (14), the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15) and the swinging stepping motor (16) are arranged on the movable workbench (17); the heat flux density measuring system (3) is installed on the movable workbench (17), the heat flux density measuring system (3) comprises a heat exchanger (18), an outer water jacket (19), a water inlet (20), a water outlet (21), a water inlet thermocouple (22) and a water outlet thermocouple (23), the heat exchanger (18) is installed in the outer water jacket (19), the water inlet (20) and the water outlet (21) are installed outside the outer water jacket (19), the water inlet thermocouple (22) is installed on the water inlet (20), and the water outlet thermocouple (23) is installed on the water outlet (21); the gas supply system (4) comprises electromagnetic valves (24) and flow meters (25), wherein the electromagnetic valves (24) and the flow meters (25) are connected into a group and are arranged in three groups.
2. The high frequency sub-flame impingement testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the rotary chuck (7) is provided with a lower pressure plate (26), a clamping bolt (27) and an upper pressure plate (28).
3. The high frequency sub-flame impingement testing apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: be equipped with the radome fairing in spin chuck (7), spin chuck (7) are equipped with the safety cover outward.
4. The high frequency sub-flame impingement testing apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a cooling water channel is arranged in the rotating chuck (7).
5. The high frequency sub-flame impingement testing apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the flame facing surface of the rotating chuck (7) is sprayed with a zirconium dioxide ceramic coating with the thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm.
6. The method for testing by using the high frequency sub-flame impact test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
1) detecting the appearance, the size and the like of a sample piece to be tested, and photographing and recording;
2) connecting a cooling water system;
3) oxygen is connected, the pressure is controlled to be 0.35-0.45 MPa, acetylene is connected, and the pressure is controlled to be 0.09-0.1 MPa;
4) unlocking the protective cover lock catch, opening the protective cover (6) and exposing the rotating chuck (7); fixing a lower pressure plate (26) at one side of the through hole of the chuck, and inserting a sample piece (29) to be tested; screwing in a clamping bolt (27), adjusting the centering of a sample piece (29) to be tested and then screwing down; an upper pressure plate (28) is installed and is tightly pressed by bolts; installing the same mass of the counterweight (30) in the same way; closing the protective cover (6) and fastening the protective cover lock catch;
5) starting a computer, and rotating a swing stepping motor (16) to enable a water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15) to be positioned at a 0-degree position; adjusting the movable workbench (17), and adjusting the distance between the sample to be tested (29) and the nozzle of the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15) to be 10 +/-0.2 mm; rotating the swing stepping motor (16) to enable the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15) to be positioned at a vacancy of 45 degrees;
6) presetting oxygen and acetylene flow as specified values on a computer, wherein the oxygen flow is 1400-1600L/h, the acetylene flow is 1000-1200L/h, and the mixing ratio of oxygen and acetylene is 1.35; setting the test time;
7) the ignition button is pressed, the electromagnetic valve (24) is automatically opened, the automatic electronic ignition device (13) ignites, and the water-cooling oxy-acetylene spray gun (15) is ignited;
8) the calibration button is pressed, the water-cooling oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15) is rotated to a 90-degree position under the drive of the swing stepping motor (16), and flame is irradiated on the heat exchanger (18); after the temperature reaches dynamic balance, reading out the temperature difference delta T of the inlet water and the outlet water respectively by a water inlet thermocouple (22) and a water outlet thermocouple (23), calculating according to a formula I by heat flow density calculation software on a computer, averaging the calculation results of five times to obtain a heat flow density calibration result, and displaying the heat flow density calibration result on a computer screen in real time; the computer automatically adjusts the flow of oxygen and acetylene to ensure that the heat flow density is 4186.8 +/-418.68 kW/m2(ii) a The formula one is as follows:
in the formula:q-heat flow density, W/m2；
q m -mass flow of water, kg/s;
C p -the heat capacity of water at room temperature, J/(kg · K);
ΔT-difference in temperature of inlet and outlet water, K;
A-heat receiving area of heat exchanger, m2；
9) Starting the variable frequency motor (10), and adjusting the rotating speed to a specified value, namely 0-1500 r/min;
10) a test start button is pressed, the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15) is rotated to a 0-degree position under the drive of the swing stepping motor (16), and flame is sprayed on the rotating rotary chuck (7) and a to-be-tested sample (29), so that the periodic flame impact test of 1500 times/min at most is realized; in the test, the temperature is monitored and recorded in the whole process by the infrared thermometer (14), and the whole process of the test is recorded by the monitoring camera (8);
11) when the flame impact frequency or time reaches a set value, the water-cooled oxygen-acetylene spray gun (15) automatically rotates to a vacancy of 45 degrees, the electromagnetic valve (24) is automatically closed, and the flame is extinguished;
12) after the test is finished, closing the acetylene gas valve, the oxygen gas valve, the device power switch and the cooling water in sequence;
13) and after the sample piece is cooled to the room temperature, taking out the sample piece (29), detecting the appearance, the size and the like of the sample piece after the flame impact test, and taking a picture for recording.
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| CN110261434A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-20 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of quick thermal shock resistance examination test device |
| CN110455859B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-04-23 | 山东源瑞试验设备有限公司 | Sweating cooling test system and method based on oxyacetylene platform |
| CN111024750A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device and method for testing ablation of ceramic matrix composite material with controllable gas atmosphere |
| CN113533110B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-11-25 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Method for evaluating high-temperature gas scouring resistance of titanium-aluminum-based alloy |
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