CN109738243A - A kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon - Google Patents
A kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN109738243A CN109738243A CN201910076662.XA CN201910076662A CN109738243A CN 109738243 A CN109738243 A CN 109738243A CN 201910076662 A CN201910076662 A CN 201910076662A CN 109738243 A CN109738243 A CN 109738243A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high-altitude samplers for the acquisition of black carbon, including unmanned plane, the bottom of the unmanned plane is equipped with closed box, and the closed box is divided into upper box and lower box, it is equipped with adsorbent equipment in the upper box, is equipped with multiple casing sampling apparatus in the lower box.The multiple casing sampling apparatus includes inlet casing, double-rod cylinder, compression cylinder, sampling cylinder, the left and right ends of the double-rod cylinder are connected with compression cylinder, inlet casing respectively, the compression cylinder is connected by connecting tube with sampling cylinder, and the escape pipe of the sampling cylinder is connected with adsorbent equipment.The present invention solves the problems such as black carbon acquisition difficulty in upper atmosphere is big, existing acquisition device design is unreasonable, cannot synchronize sampling to the black carbon of different height.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmospheric sampling equipment technical field more particularly to a kind of high-altitude samplers for the acquisition of black carbon.
Background technique
The research report of United Nations Environment Programme and World Meteorological Organization's publication is shown, controls black carbon and near-earth ozone etc.
The discharge of " smog " helps reply global warming, compared with reducing emission of carbon dioxide, works faster, operates simpler.The mankind will be from now on
If adopting an effective measure and controlling black carbon and near-earth ozone discharge for 20 years, it will significantly delay global warming, improve crops every year
50,000,000 tons of yield.
Black carbon is the unburnt byproduct such as fossil fuel.Smog, coal produced by forest fire smoke, brickkiln are fired
This kind of black solid little particulate is often retained in cigarette.Black carbon is stronger to sun light absorpting ability, is attached to the whites such as iceberg snow lid
Behind surface, heat is on the one hand absorbed, reflection is on the one hand hindered, accelerates iceberg, ice field and arctic melting, then accelerates the whole world
Warm speed.In addition, black carbon is one of pollution factor of air quality surveillance, it is believed that exist with diseases such as lung cancer and be associated with.
Black carbon is different from most of Air Pollutants, and the residence time is shorter in atmosphere.The black carbon of regional atmospheric simultaneously
The evolutionary process of aerosol concentration is that many factors such as contaminated source, meteorology, a underlying surface are comprehensive on different time and space scales
The Dynamic Coupling complex process of influence, these processes betide different time scales, thus the temporal-spatial evolution of black carbon aerosols
Show the non-linear of height, variability and non-stationary characteristic.These complexity features cause black carbon aerosols concentration in the time
With in spatial distribution have very strong variability, it is difficult to the accurate information of its spatial and temporal distributions and evolution trend is obtained, so that atmosphere
Aerosol become in the research of current environmental and climatic change one it is not only important but also be difficult to the uncertain factor accurately estimated, it is serious to hinder
Hinder mankind's objective understanding black carbon aerosols to the exact effect of environmental and climatic changes.Due to the strong spatial and temporal variation of black carbon
Property, vertical distribution variation also very greatly, lacks the black carbon sampling analysis means of synchronous different height at present, thus lacks not
It is level to synchronize black carbon observation data, only assume that it decays with altitude index in research, then by the diffusion of atmosphere, transmission
The value for obtaining time, spatial point, causes to miss by a mile in this way.
Still further aspect, at present it has been found that black carbon particle has great specific surface area, can adsorb many toxic has
Harmful polluter, such as the harmful chemical substance of sulfur dioxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Traditional black carbon mensuration means mainly lean on light
Learn gray scale mensuration, principle is built upon on the particle collected on quartz filter paper band decays caused by the absorption of light.The party
Method can be with the concentration of the black carbon of real-time measurement, but this method cannot be used for further analyzing other adsorbed harmful gas of black carbon sample
Body ingredient.Therefore establishing more scientific and reasonable black carbon acquisition method and device is very important.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of high-altitude sampling for the acquisition of black carbon
Device.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
It is a kind of for black carbon acquisition high-altitude sampler, including unmanned plane, connecting rod, closed box, partition, upper box, lower box,
The bottom of adsorbent equipment, multiple casing sampling apparatus, the unmanned plane is equipped with connecting rod, lower end and the closed box phase of the connecting rod
Even, it is equipped with a partition in the closed box, closed box is divided into upper box and lower box, set in the upper box by the partition
There is adsorbent equipment, is equipped with multiple casing sampling apparatus in the lower box.
Further, the multiple casing sampling apparatus include air inlet, air inlet pipe, supply fan, inlet casing, first piston,
Double-rod cylinder, compression cylinder, second piston, connecting tube, sampling cylinder, third piston, escape pipe, the air inlet are arranged in lower box
On the side wall on right side, the air inlet is connected with the right end of air inlet pipe, and supply fan, the air inlet pipe are equipped in the air inlet pipe
Left end be connected with inlet casing, the inside of the inlet casing is equipped with the first piston to match, and the first piston can be along air inlet
The inner wall of cylinder slidably reciprocates；The left side of the inlet casing is equipped with double-rod cylinder, and the left side of the double-rod cylinder is equipped with compression cylinder, institute
The second piston for being equipped with and matching in compression cylinder is stated, the second piston can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of compression cylinder, the double rod
There are two cylinder push-rod, the right end of the double-rod cylinder is connected cylinder tool with first piston, the left end of the double-rod cylinder and the
Two pistons are connected；The compression cylinder is connected by connecting tube with sampling cylinder, and the sampling cylinder is connected with inlet casing, described to adopt
Third piston is equipped in sample cylinder, the third piston can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of sampling cylinder, the upper end of the sampling cylinder with go out
Tracheae is connected.
Preferably, the inlet casing, compression cylinder, sampling cylinder are cylindrical hollow box body, the first piston, second
Piston, third piston are circular piston, the first piston, second piston, third piston periphery be mounted on sealing ring.
Further, the inlet casing is vertically connected with sampling cylinder, and the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder is the air inlet
Twice of the cross-sectional area of cylinder, the cross-sectional area of the compression cylinder are twice of the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder.
Further, the escape pipe is conical pipe, and upper end is small, lower end is big, lower end and the sampling cylinder phase of the escape pipe
Even, the upper end of the escape pipe passes through partition and extend into upper box.
Further, the adsorbent equipment includes U-tube, piston ring, lifting pipe, bracket, movable pulley, straight line cylinder, peace
Tankage, idler wheel, acquisition water tank, cross bar, vertical bar, arc-shaped guide rail, the U-tube are mounted on the top of upper box, institute vertically downward
The one end for stating U-tube is connected with the escape pipe in multiple casing sampling apparatus, and being equipped in the other end of the U-tube can be upper and lower
The piston ring of sliding, the piston ring are connected with lifting pipe, and bracket, the lower end peace of the bracket are equipped with outside the lifting pipe
Equipped with movable pulley；The straight line cylinder is fixedly mounted on the partition of upper box bottom, the push rod of the straight line cylinder with it is several
Mounting groove is fixedly linked, and the mounting groove passes through mutually between several mounting grooves along the direction arrangement arranged in a straight line of push rod
Cross bar is fixedly linked, and the bottom surface of the mounting groove is equipped with idler wheel, and acquisition water tank, the acquisition water are placed in the mounting groove
Case is provided with adsorption liquid, and the side of the mounting groove is equipped with vertical bar vertically upward, and the upper end of the vertical bar is equipped with arc and leads
Rail, the arc-shaped guide rail are adapted with movable pulley.
Further, the mounting groove is the square groove of upper opening, and the acquisition water tank is the rectangular of upper opening
Cabinet, the base area of the acquisition water tank are slightly less than the opening area of mounting groove, the bottom surface of the acquisition water tank and mounting groove
Between be equipped with weight sensor.
Preferably, the adsorbent equipment include rack, micromotor, driving wheel, driven wheel, transmission belt, clip, baffle,
Adsorption plate, the rack are fixedly mounted in upper box, and the right end of the rack is equipped with driven wheel, and the left end of the rack is equipped with
Driving wheel, the driving wheel are connected with micromotor, and the driving wheel is connected by transmission belt with driven wheel, on the transmission belt
Several equally distributed baffles are installed, are equipped with a clip between every two block baffle, the top of the clip is fixed on transmission
It takes, is movably installed with adsorption plate in the clip.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon of the present invention, including unmanned plane are equipped with closed box, institute in the bottom of unmanned plane
It states closed box and is divided into upper box and lower box, adsorbent equipment is equipped in the upper box, is equipped with multiple casing in the lower box
Sampling apparatus.
The multiple casing sampling apparatus include air inlet pipe, supply fan, inlet casing, first piston, double-rod cylinder, compression cylinder,
Second piston, connecting tube, sampling cylinder, third piston, escape pipe.When supply fan and double-rod cylinder start simultaneously, upper atmosphere
Sample is entered in inlet casing by air inlet pipe, and double-rod cylinder drives first piston, second piston to move downward, and is made in inlet casing
Admission space expands, and promotes upper atmosphere sample to enter, while second piston compresses the gas in compression cylinder, after compression
Gas sampling cylinder is entered by connecting tube, push third piston upwards, be connected to since sampling cylinder intersects with inlet casing, from
And the upper atmosphere sample in inlet casing is promoted to enter in upper box from escape pipe.
In example 1, the intracorporal adsorbent equipment of top box include U-tube, it is piston ring, lifting pipe, bracket, movable pulley, straight
Line cylinder, mounting groove, idler wheel, acquisition water tank, cross bar, vertical bar, arc-shaped guide rail.Upper atmosphere sample enters top box from escape pipe
In intracorporal U-tube, then enter in lifting pipe from the other end of U-tube.When straight line cylinder by mounting groove and is located at mounting groove
In acquisition water tank when being pushed to below U-tube, since the outside of lifting pipe is equipped with bracket and movable pulley, the movable pulley edge
The arc-shaped guide rail of mounting groove side slide into acquisition water tank, be inserted into lifting pipe in the adsorption liquid in acquisition water tank, it is high
Empty atmospheric samples are sprayed from lifting pipe, generate a large amount of bubbles in acquisition water tank, bubble during rupture is with diffusion, with
Adsorption liquid mixing, forms a kind of effect of micro- aeration, makes adsorption liquid to the black carbon particle in upper atmosphere sample and be attached to black carbon
The harmful substance of particle surface is fully absorbed, is dissolved.When the air sample for needing to acquire different height or different time points
This when, can operate unmanned plane vertical lift or transverse movement, while the straight line cylinder cooperative movement in sampler, will be different
Acquisition water tank is pushed to below U-tube, so that collected different air samples is absorbed dissolution by different acquisition water tanks, thus real
The air sample gradient acquisition of existing different high altitude locations or different time points.To multiple black carbon contents for acquiring water tanks acquisition and have
Evil substance is tested and analyzed, so that it may accurately be obtained the data of black carbon content and harmful substance, be realized and change to black carbon content
The record of trend.Can also method by being averaged, further increase the accuracy of data.Both existing optics gray scale had been avoided
The harmful substance of black carbon particle adsorption is to the interference of optical measurement, the problem of data inaccuracy in measurement process, and overcomes
The shortcomings that existing sampler is difficult to the black carbon and harmful substance in upper atmosphere while testing and analyzing.When necessary, may be used also
Weight sensor is set between the bottom surface and mounting groove of acquisition water tank, online weighing is carried out to acquisition water tank and adsorption liquid, from
And online record and the quality for showing black carbon and harmful substance, black carbon and harmful substance in upper atmosphere sample are detected in time
Content.
In example 2, the intracorporal adsorbent equipment of top box includes rack, micromotor, driving wheel, driven wheel, transmission
Band, clip, baffle, adsorption plate drive driven wheel rotation by driving wheel, transmission belt, due to transmission when micromotor starting
It takes and several equally distributed baffles and clip is installed, and be movably installed with adsorption plate in clip.Upper atmosphere sample is from out
When tracheae enters upper box, it is directly injected on adsorption plate.Unmanned plane is miniature at different high altitude locations or different time points
Motor drives transmission belt and adsorption plate movement, to adsorb corresponding high-altitude gas sample on different adsorption plates.It will absorption
Plate takes out from clip and is tested and analyzed, and can detect that high-altitude corresponding to different high altitude locations or different time points is big
The content of black carbon and the adsorbed harmful substance of black carbon surface in gas, and continuous acquisition may be implemented in the present invention, to high-altitude
The changes of contents trend of black carbon in atmosphere and harmful substance is tested and analyzed, to disclose the rule of black carbon content variation
Rule.The black carbon and harmful substance contents that the present invention can also adsorb different adsorption plates carry out average value analysis, further mention
The accuracy of high data.
Black carbon is different from most of Air Pollutants, and the residence time is shorter in atmosphere, shows height in the air high
The non-linear of degree, variability and non-stationary characteristic, it is difficult to obtain the accurate information of its spatial and temporal distributions and evolution trend.The present invention is prominent
The design structure for having broken existing acquisition device is interacted using inlet casing, compression cylinder, sampling three cylinder bodies of cylinder, will be from acquisition
To upper atmosphere sample compression enter in upper box, and by the adsorbent equipment of two kinds of different acquisition modes in upper box, ingeniously
Upper atmosphere sample is acquired wonderfully.It is of the invention novel in design, acquisition is ingenious, solve black in the presence of the prior art
Carbon variation be difficult to greatly accurate acquisition, data error greatly, the problem of analysis cannot be acquired to the variation tendency of black carbon.The present invention
The accurate information that black carbon spatial and temporal distributions and evolution trend can be obtained, provide mankind's objective understanding black carbon aerosols to environment and
The sampling analysis means of climate change.Still further aspect avoids black carbon particle surface in existing optics gray scale measurement process and inhales
Attached harmful substance to the interference problem of optical measurement, and can simultaneously in upper atmosphere black carbon and harmful substance simultaneously into
Row acquisition tests and analyzes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of multiple casing sampling apparatus.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the adsorbent equipment in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the adsorbent equipment in embodiment 2.
In attached drawing, 1-unmanned plane, 2-connecting rods, 3-closed boxs, 4-partitions, 5-upper boxes, 6-lower boxes, 7-
Multiple casing sampling apparatus, 8-adsorbent equipments, 9-inlet casings, 10-compression cylinders, 11-sampling cylinders, 12-double-rod cylinders, 13-
Air inlet, 14-air inlet pipe, 15-supply fans, 16-escape pipes, 17-first pistons, 18-second pistons, 19-thirds are living
Plug, 20-connecting tubes, 21-U-tubes, 22-pipe clamps, 23-piston rings, 24-lifting pipes, 25-brackets, 26-movable pulleies,
27-vertical bars, 28-arc-shaped guide rails, 29-straight line cylinders, 30-push rods, 31-mounting grooves, 32-acquisition water tanks, 33-cross bars,
34-idler wheels, 35-weight sensors, 36-racks, 37-driving wheels, 38-driven wheels, 39-transmission belts, 40-micro electrics
Machine, 41-baffles, 42-clips, 43-adsorption plates.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated With reference to embodiment.Wherein, attached drawing only for illustration,
What is indicated is only schematic diagram, rather than pictorial diagram, should not be understood as the limitation to this patent；Reality in order to better illustrate the present invention
Example is applied, the certain components of attached drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent the size of actual product；To those skilled in the art
For, the omitting of some known structures and their instructions in the attached drawings are understandable.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, it is a kind of for black carbon acquisition high-altitude sampler, including unmanned plane 1, connecting rod 2, closed box 3, partition 4,
Upper box 5, lower box 6, adsorbent equipment 8, multiple casing sampling apparatus 7.The unmanned plane 1 is to utilize radio robot and oneself
The not manned vehicle of standby presetting apparatus manipulation, including fixed-wing unmanned plane 1, rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle 1, unmanned airship, umbrella
Wing unmanned plane 1, flapping wing unmanned plane 1 etc..The bottom of unmanned plane 1 is equipped with connecting rod 2, and the connecting rod 2 uses hollow stainless steel
Steel pipe or plastic tube are made, and the upper end of connecting rod 2 is connected by bolt with unmanned plane 1, and the lower end of connecting rod 2 passes through welding
Or bolted mode is connected with closed box 3.Closed box 3 is metal hollow cabinet or plastic hollow cabinet, in closed box 3
Middle position weld or be bolted or integral molded plastic by way of be equipped with a partition 4, the partition 4 divides closed box 3
It is divided into upper box 5 and lower box 6, adsorbent equipment 8 is equipped in the upper box 5, is equipped with multiple casing sampling cartridge in the lower box 6
Set 7.
As shown in Fig. 2, the multiple casing sampling apparatus 7 include air inlet 13, air inlet pipe 14, supply fan 15, inlet casing 9,
First piston 17, double-rod cylinder 12, compression cylinder 10, second piston 18, connecting tube 20, sampling cylinder 11, third piston 19, escape pipe
16.The air inlet 13 is arranged on the side wall on 6 right side of lower box, air inlet 13 and the air inlet pipe 14 being located inside lower box 6
Right end be connected.Supply fan 15 is installed, the left end of air inlet pipe 14 is connected with inlet casing 9 in air inlet pipe 14.Inlet casing 9 is aluminium
Alloy cylinder or highstrenghtpiston's cylinder, inlet casing 9 are hollow cylinder, are equipped with the to match in the inside of inlet casing 9
One piston 17.The first piston 17 is circular piston, and the periphery of first piston 17 is equipped with sealing ring, and 17 energy of first piston
Inner wall along inlet casing 9 slidably reciprocates.It should be pointed out that the supply fan 15 can also use air intake pump or other inlet ducts
Instead of.
The left side of inlet casing 9 is equipped with double-rod cylinder 12, and the left side of the double-rod cylinder 12 is equipped with compression cylinder 10.Compression cylinder 10
It also is aluminium alloy cylinder or highstrenghtpiston's cylinder, the compression cylinder 10 is hollow cylinder block, is equipped in compression cylinder 10
The second piston 18 to match, the second piston 18 are also circular piston, and the periphery of second piston 18 is equipped with sealing ring, and
Second piston 18 can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of compression cylinder 10.
There are two cylinder push-rod 30, right end and 17 phases of first piston of the double-rod cylinder 12 for the tool of double-rod cylinder 12
Even, the left end of the double-rod cylinder 12 is connected with second piston 18.The compression cylinder 10 passes through connecting tube 20 and sampling 11 phase of cylinder
Connection, the connecting tube 20 are hose.The sampling cylinder 11 and inlet casing 9 be perpendicular to be connected, inside communicates, the sampling cylinder 11
It also is aluminium alloy cylinder or highstrenghtpiston's cylinder.The sampling cylinder 11 is hollow cylinder block, is set in sampling cylinder 11
There is a third piston 19, the third piston 19 is also circular piston, and the periphery of third piston 19 is equipped with sealing ring, and described the
Three piston 19 can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of sampling cylinder 11.The upper end of sampling cylinder 11 is connected with escape pipe 16, the escape pipe 16
For conical pipe, upper end is small, lower end is big, and the lower end of the escape pipe 16 is connected with sampling cylinder 11, and the upper end of the escape pipe 16 is worn
Partition 4 is crossed to extend into upper box 5.
During fabrication, so that the cross-sectional area for sampling cylinder 11 is greater than the cross-sectional area of inlet casing 9, make the cross of compression cylinder 10
Area of section is greater than the cross-sectional area of sampling cylinder 11.The upper atmosphere acquisition capacity of inlet casing 9 can be improved in this way, while
The pressure that upper atmosphere sample is exported by escape pipe 16 that sampling cylinder 11 can be improved, makes adsorbent equipment 8 to upper atmosphere sample
In black carbon have stronger absorption and capacity gauge.Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder 11 is the inlet casing 9
Twice of cross-sectional area, the cross-sectional area of the compression cylinder 10 is twice of the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder 11.
As shown in figure 3, the adsorbent equipment 8 include U-tube 21, piston ring 23, lifting pipe 24, bracket 25, movable pulley 26,
Straight line cylinder 29, mounting groove 31, idler wheel 34, acquisition water tank 32, cross bar 33, vertical bar 27, arc-shaped guide rail 28, weight sensor 35.
The U-tube 21 is hollow plastic tube or aluminium-alloy pipe, and U-tube 21 is installed vertically downward, and the top of U-tube 21 passes through pipe
Card 22 is fixed on the top of upper box 5.One end of the U-tube 21 is connected with the escape pipe 16 in multiple casing sampling apparatus 7,
The piston ring 23 that can slide up and down is installed in the other end of the U-tube 21.The upper end of the piston ring 23 and lifting pipe 24
Gluing is connected or the piston ring 23 leads to the upper end that the mode being interference fitted is mounted on lifting pipe 24.Pass through outside lifting pipe 24
The mode of gluing or welding or integral molded plastic is equipped with bracket 25, and the lower end of the bracket 25 is equipped with movable pulley 26.
Straight line cylinder 29 is mounted by means of bolts on the partition 4 of 5 bottom of upper box, the push rod 30 of straight line cylinder 29 with
Several mounting grooves 31 are fixedly linked, and mounting groove 31 is arranged in a linear arrangement along the direction of push rod 30, between mounting groove 31 mutually
It is fixedly linked by cross bar 33.Mounting groove 31 is the square groove of upper opening, and the acquisition water tank 32 is the side of upper opening
Shape cabinet.The bottom surface of mounting groove 31 is equipped with idler wheel 34, and acquisition water tank 32, the acquisition water tank are placed in the mounting groove 31
32 base area is slightly less than the opening area of mounting groove 31, acquires and is equipped with weight biography between the bottom surface and mounting groove 31 of water tank 32
Sensor 35, acquisition water tank 32 are provided with adsorption liquid.The adsorption liquid is pure water or the deionized water added with 1-5% sodium chloride.As
It is preferred that the adsorption liquid includes following component (by mass percentage): linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid 8-15%；Fatty alcohol ether sulfuric acid
Sodium 7-14%；Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 0.01-0.2%；Deionized water is added to 100%.Deionized water is first added to ingredients pot
In, 60 ~ 70 DEG C are heated to, linear alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, fatty alcohol-ether sodium sulfate, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid two are then added under stiring
Sodium cools down, after clear.
Vertical bar 27 vertically upward, vertical bar are installed in such a way that injection molding or screw are fixed in the side of mounting groove 31
27 upper end is equipped with arc-shaped guide rail 28, and the vertical bar 27 is plastic bar, and the arc-shaped guide rail 28 is plastic guide rail, the vertical bar
27 are integrated with the injection molding of arc-shaped guide rail 28, and the arc-shaped guide rail 28 is adapted with movable pulley 26.It should be noted that the vertical bar
27 can also be made with arc-shaped guide rail 28 of aluminum alloy materials, be connected by welding between the two.
When supply fan 15 and double-rod cylinder 12 start simultaneously, upper atmosphere sample enters inlet casing by air inlet pipe 14
In 9, double-rod cylinder 12 drives first piston 17, second piston 18 to move downward, and expands admission space in inlet casing 9, promotes
Upper atmosphere sample enters, while second piston 18 compresses the gas in compression cylinder 10, and compressed gas passes through company
Adapter tube 20 enters sampling cylinder 11, and third piston 19 is pushed to move upwards, and is connected to since sampling cylinder 11 intersects with inlet casing 9, thus
Promote the upper atmosphere sample in inlet casing 9 out of, escape pipe 16 enters upper box 5 U-tube 21, then from U-tube 21
The other end enters in lifting pipe 24.When mounting groove 31 and the acquisition water tank 32 in mounting groove 31 are pushed to by straight line cylinder 29
When 21 lower section of U-tube, since the outside of lifting pipe 24 is equipped with bracket 25 and movable pulley 26, the movable pulley 26 is along mounting groove
The arc-shaped guide rail 28 of 31 sides slides into acquisition water tank 32, is inserted into lifting pipe 24 in the adsorption liquid in acquisition water tank 32,
Upper atmosphere sample is sprayed from lifting pipe 24, and a large amount of bubbles, mistake of the bubble in rupture and diffusion are generated in acquisition water tank 32
Cheng Zhong is mixed with adsorption liquid, forms a kind of effect of micro- aeration, makes adsorption liquid to the black carbon particle and attachment in upper atmosphere sample
Harmful substance on black carbon particle surface is fully absorbed, is dissolved.When needing to acquire different height or different time points
When air sample, the vertical lift of unmanned plane 1 or transverse movement, while 29 cooperative movement of straight line cylinder in sampler can be operated,
Different acquisition water tanks 32 is pushed to 21 lower section of U-tube, makes collected different air samples by different acquisition water tanks 32
Dissolution is absorbed, to realize the air sample acquisition of different high altitude locations or different time points.Multiple acquisition water tanks 32 are acquired
Black carbon content and harmful substance tested and analyzed, so that it may accurately obtain the data of black carbon content and harmful substance, realize
To the record of black carbon content variation tendency.Can also method by being averaged, further increase the accuracy of data.Both it avoided
Interference of the harmful substance of black carbon particle adsorption to optical measurement, data inaccuracy in existing optics gray scale measurement process
The problem of, and overcome existing sampler to be difficult to the black carbon and harmful substance in upper atmosphere while being tested and analyzed scarce
Point.When necessary, can also acquisition water tank 32 bottom surface and mounting groove 31 between be arranged weight sensor 35, to acquisition water tank 32 and
Adsorption liquid carries out online weighing, so that the quality of online record and display black carbon and harmful substance, detects upper atmosphere in time
The content of black carbon and harmful substance in sample.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 4, it is a kind of for black carbon acquisition high-altitude sampler, including unmanned plane 1, connecting rod 2, closed box 3, partition 4,
Upper box 5, lower box 6, adsorbent equipment 8, multiple casing sampling apparatus 7.The unmanned plane 1 is to utilize radio robot and oneself
The not manned vehicle of standby presetting apparatus manipulation, including fixed-wing unmanned plane 1, rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle 1, unmanned airship, umbrella
Wing unmanned plane 1, flapping wing unmanned plane 1 etc..The bottom of unmanned plane 1 is equipped with connecting rod 2, and the connecting rod 2 uses hollow stainless steel
Steel pipe or plastic tube are made, and the upper end of connecting rod 2 is connected by bolt with unmanned plane 1, and the lower end of connecting rod 2 passes through welding
Or bolted mode is connected with closed box 3.Closed box 3 is metal hollow cabinet or plastic hollow cabinet, in closed box 3
Middle position weld or be bolted or integral molded plastic by way of be equipped with a partition 4, the partition 4 divides closed box 3
It is divided into upper box 5 and lower box 6, adsorbent equipment 8 is equipped in the upper box 5, is equipped with multiple casing sampling cartridge in the lower box 6
Set 7.
As shown in Fig. 2, the multiple casing sampling apparatus 7 include air inlet 13, air inlet pipe 14, supply fan 15, inlet casing 9,
First piston 17, double-rod cylinder 12, compression cylinder 10, second piston 18, connecting tube 20, sampling cylinder 11, third piston 19, escape pipe
16.The inlet casing 9, compression cylinder 10, sampling cylinder 11, that double-rod cylinder 12 is mounted by means of bolts on lower box 6 is subsequent
On side wall.The air inlet 13 is arranged on the side wall on the right side of lower box 6, the air inlet 13 be located inside lower box 6
The right end of air inlet pipe 14 is connected, and the left end of the air inlet pipe 14 is connected with inlet casing 9.Inlet casing 9 is aluminium alloy cylinder or height
Strength plastics material's cylinder, inlet casing 9 are hollow cylinder, and the first piston 17 to match is equipped in the inside of inlet casing 9.It is described
First piston 17 is circular piston, and the periphery of first piston 17 is equipped with sealing ring, and first piston 17 can be along inlet casing 9
Wall slidably reciprocates.
The left side of inlet casing 9 is equipped with double-rod cylinder 12, and the left side of the double-rod cylinder 12 is equipped with compression cylinder 10.Compression cylinder 10
It also is aluminium alloy cylinder or highstrenghtpiston's cylinder, the compression cylinder 10 is hollow cylinder block, is equipped in compression cylinder 10
The second piston 18 to match, the second piston 18 are also circular piston, and the periphery of second piston 18 is equipped with sealing ring, and
Second piston 18 can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of compression cylinder 10.
There are two cylinder push-rod 30, right end and 17 phases of first piston of the double-rod cylinder 12 for the tool of double-rod cylinder 12
Even, the left end of the double-rod cylinder 12 is connected with second piston 18.The compression cylinder 10 passes through connecting tube 20 and sampling 11 phase of cylinder
Connection, the connecting tube 20 are hose.The sampling cylinder 11 and inlet casing 9 be perpendicular to be connected, inside communicates, the sampling cylinder 11
It also is aluminium alloy cylinder or highstrenghtpiston's cylinder.The sampling cylinder 11 is hollow cylinder block, is set in sampling cylinder 11
There is a third piston 19, the third piston 19 is also circular piston, and the periphery of third piston 19 is equipped with sealing ring, and described the
Three piston 19 can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of sampling cylinder 11.The upper end of sampling cylinder 11 is connected with escape pipe 16, the escape pipe 16
For conical pipe, upper end is small, lower end is big, and the lower end of the escape pipe 16 is connected with sampling cylinder 11, and the upper end of the escape pipe 16 is worn
Partition 4 is crossed to extend into upper box 5.
The cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder 11 is greater than the cross-sectional area of inlet casing 9, makes the cross section face of compression cylinder 10
Product is greater than the cross-sectional area of sampling cylinder 11.The upper atmosphere acquisition capacity of inlet casing 9 can be improved in this way, while can also improve
The pressure that upper atmosphere sample is exported by escape pipe 16 for sampling cylinder 11, makes adsorbent equipment 8 to black carbon in upper atmosphere sample
With stronger absorption and capacity gauge.Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder 11 is the transversal of the inlet casing 9
Twice of face area, the cross-sectional area of the compression cylinder 10 are twice of the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder 11.
As shown in figure 5, the adsorbent equipment 8 includes rack 36, micromotor 40, driving wheel 37, driven wheel 38, transmission belt
39, clip 42, baffle 41, adsorption plate 43.The rack 36 is plastics rack 36, is fixedly mounted on upper box 5 by screw
Bottom, the right end of rack 36 are equipped with driven wheel 38, and the left end of the rack 36 is equipped with driving wheel 37.The driving wheel 37 with it is miniature
Motor 40 is connected, and the driving wheel 37 is connected by transmission belt 39 with driven wheel 38.The transmission belt 39 be cortex transmission belt 39,
Rubber transmission belting 39 or plastic drive 39 are equipped in such a way that gluing or screw are fixed several uniform on transmission belt 39
The baffle 41 and clip 42 of distribution.It is equipped with a clip 42 between every two block baffle 41, is equipped with adsorption plate 43 in the clip 42,
The adsorption plate 43 is mounted in clip 42 by way of clamping or being inserted into.The adsorption plate 43 is rectangular plastic flitch, is inhaled
Attached plate 43 is pasted with solid gum or tackifying resin on one side, the another side of adsorption plate 43 in such a way that gluing or screw are fixed with
Transmission belt 39 is connected.Preferably, the tackifying resin includes the following parts by weight: ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymerization
90~45 parts of object, 30~6 parts of styrenic polymer resins, 15~1 parts of polyethylene, the sum of each component is 100 parts.
In the present embodiment, when upper atmosphere sample enters upper box 5 from escape pipe 16, it is directly injected to adsorption plate 43
On.For unmanned plane 1 at different high altitude locations or different time points, micromotor 40 drives transmission belt 39 and adsorption plate 43 corresponding
Movement, to adsorb corresponding high-altitude gas sample on different adsorption plates 43.Adsorption plate 43 is taken out from clip 42 into
Row tests and analyzes, and can detect the black carbon and black carbon in upper atmosphere corresponding to different high altitude locations or different time points
The content of the adsorbed harmful substance in surface, and continuous acquisition may be implemented in the present invention, to the black carbon in upper atmosphere and has
The changes of contents trend of evil substance is tested and analyzed, to disclose the rule of black carbon content variation.The present invention can also be to not
The black carbon and harmful substance contents that same adsorption plate 43 adsorbs carry out average value analysis, further increase the accuracy of data.
The present invention breaches the design structure of existing acquisition device, utilizes inlet casing 9, compression cylinder 10, sampling 11 3, cylinder
Cylinder body interaction, will enter in upper box 5 from collected upper atmosphere sample compression, and by being arranged in upper box 5
The adsorbent equipment 8 of two kinds of different acquisition modes, is dexterously acquired upper atmosphere sample.It when necessary, can also will be of the invention
The adsorbent equipment 8 of implementation two is rotated, and is allowed to be vertically mounted on 1 bottom of unmanned plane, to realize same time point, different height
Gradient sampling.It is of the invention novel in design, acquisition is ingenious, solve the black carbon variation in the presence of the prior art and be difficult to greatly accurately
Acquisition, data error is big, the problem of variation tendency of black carbon cannot be described.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example.It should be pointed out that the unspecified place of the present invention can be realized by using the prior art.It is supply fan in the present invention, double
Bar cylinder, micromotor, straight line cylinder equal power device provide electric energy by the dynamical system of unmanned plane, or on unmanned plane
Electric storage device is configured, provides driving electric energy by electric storage device.For those skilled in the art, it is not departing from
Some improvements and modifications under the premise of the principle of the invention, also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. it is a kind of for black carbon acquisition high-altitude sampler, it is characterised in that: including unmanned plane, connecting rod, closed box, partition,
The bottom of upper box, lower box, adsorbent equipment, multiple casing sampling apparatus, the unmanned plane is equipped with connecting rod, the connecting rod
Lower end is connected with closed box, and a partition is equipped in the closed box, and closed box is divided into upper box and lower box by the partition,
It is equipped with adsorbent equipment in the upper box, is equipped with multiple casing sampling apparatus in the lower box.
2. a kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the multiple casing is adopted
Sampling device includes air inlet, air inlet pipe, supply fan, inlet casing, first piston, double-rod cylinder, compression cylinder, second piston, connection
Pipe, sampling cylinder, third piston, escape pipe, the air inlet are arranged on the side wall on the right side of lower box, the air inlet and air inlet
The right end of pipe is connected, and supply fan is equipped in the air inlet pipe, the left end of the air inlet pipe is connected with inlet casing, the inlet casing
Inside be equipped with the first piston that matches, the first piston can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of inlet casing；The inlet casing
Left side is equipped with double-rod cylinder, and the left side of the double-rod cylinder is equipped with compression cylinder, it is living that second to match is equipped in the compression cylinder
Plug, the second piston can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of compression cylinder, and there are two cylinder push-rod, the double rods for the double-rod cylinder tool
The right end of cylinder is connected with first piston, and the left end of the double-rod cylinder is connected with second piston；The compression cylinder passes through connection
Pipe is connected with sampling cylinder, and the sampling cylinder is connected with inlet casing, and third piston is equipped in the sampling cylinder, and the third is living
Plug can slidably reciprocate along the inner wall of sampling cylinder, and the upper end of the sampling cylinder is connected with escape pipe.
3. a kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the inlet casing,
Compression cylinder, sampling cylinder are cylindrical hollow box body, and the first piston, second piston, third piston are circular piston,
The first piston, second piston, third piston periphery be mounted on sealing ring.
4. it is according to claim 3 it is a kind of for black carbon acquisition high-altitude sampler, it is characterised in that: the inlet casing with
Sampling cylinder is vertically connected, and the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder is twice of the cross-sectional area of the inlet casing, the compression
The cross-sectional area of cylinder is twice of the cross-sectional area of the sampling cylinder.
5. a kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the escape pipe is
Conical pipe, upper end is small, lower end is big, and the lower end of the escape pipe is connected with sampling cylinder, and the upper end of the escape pipe is stretched across partition
Enter into upper box.
6. a kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the adsorbent equipment
Including U-tube, piston ring, lifting pipe, bracket, movable pulley, straight line cylinder, mounting groove, idler wheel, acquisition water tank, cross bar, vertical bar,
Arc-shaped guide rail, the U-tube are mounted on the top of upper box, one end of the U-tube and multiple casing sampling apparatus vertically downward
In escape pipe be connected, the piston ring that can slide up and down is installed, the piston ring and lifting in the other end of the U-tube
Pipe is connected, and bracket is equipped with outside the lifting pipe, the lower end of the bracket is equipped with movable pulley；The fixed peace of the straight line cylinder
On the partition of upper box bottom, the push rod of the straight line cylinder is fixedly linked with several mounting grooves, the mounting groove along
The direction of push rod arrangement arranged in a straight line is fixedly linked mutually between several mounting grooves by cross bar, the bottom surface of the mounting groove
Idler wheel is installed, acquisition water tank is placed in the mounting groove, the acquisition water tank is provided with adsorption liquid, the side of the mounting groove
Face is equipped with vertical bar vertically upward, and the upper end of the vertical bar is equipped with arc-shaped guide rail, and the arc-shaped guide rail is adapted with movable pulley.
7. a kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the mounting groove is
The square groove of upper opening, the acquisition water tank are the square box of upper opening, and the base area of the acquisition water tank omits
Less than the opening area of mounting groove, weight sensor is equipped between the bottom surface and mounting groove of the acquisition water tank.
8. a kind of high-altitude sampler for the acquisition of black carbon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the adsorbent equipment
Including rack, micromotor, driving wheel, driven wheel, transmission belt, clip, baffle, adsorption plate, the rack is fixedly mounted on
In cabinet, the right end of the rack is equipped with driven wheel, and the left end of the rack is equipped with driving wheel, the driving wheel and micromotor
It is connected, the driving wheel is connected by transmission belt with driven wheel, several equally distributed baffles is equipped on the transmission belt, often
A clip is equipped between two block baffles, the top of the clip is fixed on the belt, and suction is movably installed in the clip
Attached plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910076662.XA CN109738243B (en) | 2019-01-26 | 2019-01-26 | High-altitude sampler for collecting black carbon |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910076662.XA CN109738243B (en) | 2019-01-26 | 2019-01-26 | High-altitude sampler for collecting black carbon |
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| CN109738243B (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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