CN109738168A - Compare the method that each phases-time of on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis - Google Patents
Compare the method that each phases-time of on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis Download PDFInfo
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- CN109738168A CN109738168A CN201811397247.6A CN201811397247A CN109738168A CN 109738168 A CN109738168 A CN 109738168A CN 201811397247 A CN201811397247 A CN 201811397247A CN 109738168 A CN109738168 A CN 109738168A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the methods that a kind of each phases-time of relatively on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis.Its main feature is that including the following steps: that (1) collects the vibration signal that on-load voltage regulating switch is generated in movement using acceleration transducer；(2) envelope spectrum of the vibration signal is obtained using Hilbert transform；(3) noise reduction process is carried out for the envelope spectrum using wavelet transformation；(4) it is analyzed by the envelope to obtained noise reduction vibration signal, signal is divided into 6 stages corresponding with on-load voltage regulating switch movement；(5) judge whether on-load voltage regulating switch produces failure by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions.Using the state feature that can be convenient reasonably detection on-load voltage regulating switch after the method for the present invention, estimation to the working condition of the on-load voltage regulating switch science of making, scientifically to arrange maintenance project, unnecessary strip inspection and a large amount of man power and material is avoided to waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods that a kind of each phases-time of relatively on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis.
Background technique
On-load tap-changer of transformer is the widely used mechanical switching device for adjusting voltage in power grid, is adjusted due to having to carry
Compressing switch is the component uniquely run in high voltage, high current in transformer, and rate of breakdown is also higher.Previous research table
Bright, on-load voltage regulating switch failure is the main reason for causing Accident of Transformer.It is counted according to foreign data, the event of on-load voltage regulating switch
Barrier occupies the 41% of voltage adjustment of on-load transformer fault.In addition investigation display, can not almost find potential faults during maintenance,
And most of failure of on-load voltage regulating switch occurs in operation, transformer has to stop transport at this time, will lead to additional
Heavy losses.In order to find the accident potential of on-load tap-changer of transformer in time, avoid burst accident, raising transformer fortune
Capable security reliability, carries out on-load voltage regulating switch on-line monitoring and the research of diagnostic method is of great significance.
On-load voltage regulating switch is made of selector, switching switch and motor drive mechanism, and performance includes electric property and machinery
Two aspects of performance.Electric property refers mainly to contact resistance, when contact resistance increases, contact can be caused to overheat,
Even scaling loss.Mechanical performance refers to the sequence of movement of the components such as selection switch and switching switch in on-load voltage regulating switch operating process
And it is not in place etc. with the presence or absence of card plug and contact switching in time coordination and handoff procedure.
The failure of on-load voltage regulating switch is mainly various mechanical breakdowns, such as spring, bearing, axis, driving mechanism, it may
On-load voltage regulating switch and power transformer are damaged, the normal safe operation of power equipment and system is influenced and causes serious consequence.
Other electric faults such as contact is bad, transition resistance arc phenomenon and Insulation Problems etc., also tends to be due to operation machine
Structure failure, the switching mechanical breakdowns such as not in place cause.Wherein, contact failure is main mechanical breakdown mode.In on-load voltage regulation
In the operation of transformer, it common are voltage adjustment of on-load switch contact failure and loosened for moving contact upper spring, contact abrasion, ablation, into
And make poor contact between dynamic and static contact.Due under the condition of long-term operation, the elastic limit and fatigue resistance of partial spring
Deng long-term running requirement is not able to satisfy, it is easy to happen fatigue, moving contact is caused to be unable to adjust automatically afterwards in place, on moving contact
Spring weakens, and moving contact is caused to loosen, and the pressure between dynamic and static contact reduces, so as to cause poor contact, in handoff procedure
In be easy to happen local arc electric discharge, when electric discharge constantly extend, the continuous ablation of moving contact, accumulation to a certain extent may
It will lead to the generation of failure.Since on-load voltage regulating switch is chronically run, contact with each other abrasion between dynamic and static contact, so that dynamic and static
The thickness of contact is gradually thinning, and when thickness drops to a certain degree, the contact between contact will be similarly formed single-contact, increases
A possibility that accident occurs.
Therefore, on-load voltage regulating switch, which breaks down, to be largely avoided that the condition detection of contact.In recent years, it shakes
Dynamic KLR signal approach on-line checking on-load voltage regulating switch is considered as a kind of new method for diagnosing on-load voltage regulating switch.It can be same
When check mechanical breakdown and electric fault, such as the variation of contact abrasion, switching time.This method is also in research rank
Section, but there are great potentiality can be used for on-line checking.The great advantage of this method is by being attached to oil tank of transformer surface
Vibrating sensor detects on-load voltage regulating switch situation, is not electrically connected with entire electric system, operates normally nothing to system
Any influence can reliably and securely achieve the purpose that on-line checking, and the measuring technique of this method and equipment are all extremely simple
It is single.But this method needs the structure to acoustics, on-load voltage regulating switch to understand in depth, further to improve its use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method that a kind of each phases-time of relatively on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis, energy
The state feature of on-load voltage regulating switch is enough detected, thus the diagnosis to the working condition of the on-load voltage regulating switch science of making.
A method of relatively each phases-time of on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis, its special feature is that, including
Following steps:
(1) vibration signal that on-load voltage regulating switch is generated in movement is collected using acceleration transducer；
(2) envelope spectrum of the vibration signal is obtained using Hilbert transform；
(3) noise reduction process is carried out for the envelope spectrum using wavelet transformation；
(4) it is analyzed by the envelope to obtained noise reduction vibration signal, signal is divided into and is moved with on-load voltage regulating switch
Make corresponding 6 stages；
(5) judge to have by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions to carry and adjust
It compresses switch and whether produces failure.
Step (5) judges to have by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions
Voltage adjustment of on-load switch whether produce failure, specifically compared with normal condition if difference≤5% be it is normal, if difference >=
15% is to produce failure, and there may be failures if difference > 5% and < 15%.
Using can be convenient the state feature for reasonably detecting on-load voltage regulating switch after the method for the present invention, on-load voltage regulation is opened
The estimation of the working condition of the pass science of making avoids unnecessary strip inspection and big scientifically to arrange maintenance project
The man power and material of amount wastes.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The principle of the method for the present invention is as follows:
The operating process of on-load voltage regulating switch includes a series of vibration event, wherein vibration fingerprint rich in, because
This can carry out the on-line monitoring of on-load voltage regulating switch based on vibration signal.The conventional method of on-line monitoring is using vibrating sensor
The time domain of vibration signal is detected, the working condition of certain analysis method assessment and prediction on-load voltage regulating switch is then utilized.It
The state feature that on-load voltage regulating switch can be detected convenient and reasonablely, to estimating for the working condition of the on-load voltage regulating switch science of making
Meter avoids unnecessary strip inspection and a large amount of man power and material from wasting scientifically to arrange maintenance project.
When on-load voltage regulating switch acts, the fuel factor of electric current makes the elasticity of spring die down, contact slap, dynamic and static contact
Between contact pressure reduce, cause poor contact；The event such as mechanical wear, galvano-cautery and contact pollution between contact in frequent pressure regulation
Barrier is easy to produce single-contact, local arc electric discharge, so that contact ablation.These mechanical breakdowns can all influence dynamic and static contact and connect
Pulse shock power when touching separation, can be reflected in envelope with the variation of pulse number or switching time.Work as on-load voltage regulation
Switch there are when other machinery potential faults, the vibration signal as caused by contact action when normal condition compared with also can be
Difference, therefore the envelope in these action process is recorded and compares, it can reflect the situation of on-load voltage regulating switch substantially.
In order to which the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with
Accompanying drawings and embodiments, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of each phases-time progress method for diagnosing faults of on-load voltage regulating switch, including following
Step:
1. collecting the vibration signal that on-load voltage regulating switch is generated in movement using acceleration transducer；Acceleration passes
There are two sensor is specific, it is mounted on the top of switch.
2. obtaining the envelope spectrum of vibration signal, the Hilbert Transformation Principle of a real signal using Hilbert transform
Are as follows:T is the time, and x (t) is signal, its essence is the phase shift for making signal generate 90 °.X (t) is that vibration adds
Speed signal obtains signal y after bandpass filteringr(t), yr(t) signal y is obtained through Hilbert transformi(t), the two constitutes a solution
It analyses functional expression Z (t), may be expressed as: z (t)=yr(t)+jyi(t).Thus the amplitude modulated signal for obtaining vibration signal is
3. carrying out noise reduction process for envelope spectrum using wavelet transformation, the principle and property of wavelet transformation: managed according to small echo
By a mother wavelet Ψ ∈ L1∩L2AndIt is real domain for mother wavelet L, if it meets permission property conditionSignal, frequencies omega, then referred to as admissible wavelet (Admissible Wavelet).The small echo passes through
If under type is flexible and translates, family of functions { Ψ is obtaineda,b}:There are two become for wavelet transformation
Amount: scale a and translational movement b；A ∈ R and a ≠ 0 are called analysis wavelet (AnalyzingWavelet) or continuous wavelet.
The convolution results of signal and analysis wavelet are exactly the continuous wavelet transform of signal.It is multiple small for having a kind of wavelet
Wave is called Gauss mother wavelet: Ψ (t)=exp (j ω t) exp (- t2/2).Its real part and imaginary part are respectively as follows: Ψgr(t)=cos
ωt·exp(-t2/ 2), Ψgi=sin ω texp (- t2/2)；
4. being analyzed by the envelope to noise reduction vibration signal, signal is divided into corresponding with on-load voltage regulating switch movement
6 stages；
It is adjusted 5. judging to have by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions to carry
It compresses switch and whether produces failure, (including end value) is normal condition within 5% with normal condition comparing difference, and difference exists
15% or more (including end value), then to produce failure, difference (does not include endpoints thereof) between 5% to 15%, then may produce
Raw failure, also needs further to judge.
Claims (2)
1. the method that a kind of each phases-time of relatively on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(1) vibration signal that on-load voltage regulating switch is generated in movement is collected using acceleration transducer；
(2) envelope spectrum of the vibration signal is obtained using Hilbert transform；
(3) noise reduction process is carried out for the envelope spectrum using wavelet transformation；
(4) it is analyzed by the envelope to obtained noise reduction vibration signal, signal is divided into and acts phase with on-load voltage regulating switch
Corresponding 6 stages；
(5) judge that on-load voltage regulation is opened by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions
It closes and whether produces failure.
2. relatively the method for each phases-time progress fault diagnosis of on-load voltage regulating switch, feature exist as described in claim 1
In: step (5) judges to have to carry by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions to be adjusted
Compress switch and whether produce failure, specifically compared with normal condition if difference≤5% be it is normal, if difference >=15%
Then to produce failure, there may be failures if difference > 5% and < 15%.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103837345A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-04 | 上海电机学院 | Gearbox fault diagnosis method and device |
| CN104748837A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-01 | 云南电网公司西双版纳供电局 | Method for utilizing wavelet transformation to extract vibration signal index quantity representing on-load voltage regulating switch operation state |
| CN106092309A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-09 | 国家电网公司 | The analysis extracting method of power transformer load tap changer and body vibration signal |
| CN107015140A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of analysis of vibration signal method for failure that load ratio bridging switch spring kinetic energy is not enough |
| CN107907320A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-13 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | The diagnostic method and device of the machine performance feature of on-load tap changers of transformers |
-
2018
- 2018-11-22 CN CN201811397247.6A patent/CN109738168A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103837345A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-06-04 | 上海电机学院 | Gearbox fault diagnosis method and device |
| CN104748837A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-01 | 云南电网公司西双版纳供电局 | Method for utilizing wavelet transformation to extract vibration signal index quantity representing on-load voltage regulating switch operation state |
| CN106092309A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-09 | 国家电网公司 | The analysis extracting method of power transformer load tap changer and body vibration signal |
| CN107015140A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of analysis of vibration signal method for failure that load ratio bridging switch spring kinetic energy is not enough |
| CN107907320A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-13 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | The diagnostic method and device of the machine performance feature of on-load tap changers of transformers |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张梅军编著: "《机械状态检测与故障诊断》", 31 March 2008, 国防工业出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20190510 |