CN109738168A - A method of comparing the time of each stage of the on-load voltage regulator for fault diagnosis - Google Patents

A method of comparing the time of each stage of the on-load voltage regulator for fault diagnosis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109738168A
CN109738168A CN201811397247.6A CN201811397247A CN109738168A CN 109738168 A CN109738168 A CN 109738168A CN 201811397247 A CN201811397247 A CN 201811397247A CN 109738168 A CN109738168 A CN 109738168A
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China
Prior art keywords
load voltage
regulating switch
voltage regulating
vibration signal
comparing
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CN201811397247.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘志远
邹洪森
尹琦云
于晓军
陈瑞
赵欣洋
杨晨
安燕杰
陈昊阳
陆洪建
张超
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NANJING UNITECH ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co Ltd Overhaul Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
NANJING UNITECH ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co Ltd Overhaul Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Application filed by NANJING UNITECH ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co Ltd Overhaul Co, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical NANJING UNITECH ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Priority to CN201811397247.6A priority Critical patent/CN109738168A/en
Publication of CN109738168A publication Critical patent/CN109738168A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the methods that a kind of each phases-time of relatively on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis.Its main feature is that including the following steps: that (1) collects the vibration signal that on-load voltage regulating switch is generated in movement using acceleration transducer;(2) envelope spectrum of the vibration signal is obtained using Hilbert transform;(3) noise reduction process is carried out for the envelope spectrum using wavelet transformation;(4) it is analyzed by the envelope to obtained noise reduction vibration signal, signal is divided into 6 stages corresponding with on-load voltage regulating switch movement;(5) judge whether on-load voltage regulating switch produces failure by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions.Using the state feature that can be convenient reasonably detection on-load voltage regulating switch after the method for the present invention, estimation to the working condition of the on-load voltage regulating switch science of making, scientifically to arrange maintenance project, unnecessary strip inspection and a large amount of man power and material is avoided to waste.

Description

Compare the method that each phases-time of on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods that a kind of each phases-time of relatively on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis.
Background technique
On-load tap-changer of transformer is the widely used mechanical switching device for adjusting voltage in power grid, is adjusted due to having to carry Compressing switch is the component uniquely run in high voltage, high current in transformer, and rate of breakdown is also higher.Previous research table Bright, on-load voltage regulating switch failure is the main reason for causing Accident of Transformer.It is counted according to foreign data, the event of on-load voltage regulating switch Barrier occupies the 41% of voltage adjustment of on-load transformer fault.In addition investigation display, can not almost find potential faults during maintenance, And most of failure of on-load voltage regulating switch occurs in operation, transformer has to stop transport at this time, will lead to additional Heavy losses.In order to find the accident potential of on-load tap-changer of transformer in time, avoid burst accident, raising transformer fortune Capable security reliability, carries out on-load voltage regulating switch on-line monitoring and the research of diagnostic method is of great significance.
On-load voltage regulating switch is made of selector, switching switch and motor drive mechanism, and performance includes electric property and machinery Two aspects of performance.Electric property refers mainly to contact resistance, when contact resistance increases, contact can be caused to overheat, Even scaling loss.Mechanical performance refers to the sequence of movement of the components such as selection switch and switching switch in on-load voltage regulating switch operating process And it is not in place etc. with the presence or absence of card plug and contact switching in time coordination and handoff procedure.
The failure of on-load voltage regulating switch is mainly various mechanical breakdowns, such as spring, bearing, axis, driving mechanism, it may On-load voltage regulating switch and power transformer are damaged, the normal safe operation of power equipment and system is influenced and causes serious consequence. Other electric faults such as contact is bad, transition resistance arc phenomenon and Insulation Problems etc., also tends to be due to operation machine Structure failure, the switching mechanical breakdowns such as not in place cause.Wherein, contact failure is main mechanical breakdown mode.In on-load voltage regulation In the operation of transformer, it common are voltage adjustment of on-load switch contact failure and loosened for moving contact upper spring, contact abrasion, ablation, into And make poor contact between dynamic and static contact.Due under the condition of long-term operation, the elastic limit and fatigue resistance of partial spring Deng long-term running requirement is not able to satisfy, it is easy to happen fatigue, moving contact is caused to be unable to adjust automatically afterwards in place, on moving contact Spring weakens, and moving contact is caused to loosen, and the pressure between dynamic and static contact reduces, so as to cause poor contact, in handoff procedure In be easy to happen local arc electric discharge, when electric discharge constantly extend, the continuous ablation of moving contact, accumulation to a certain extent may It will lead to the generation of failure.Since on-load voltage regulating switch is chronically run, contact with each other abrasion between dynamic and static contact, so that dynamic and static The thickness of contact is gradually thinning, and when thickness drops to a certain degree, the contact between contact will be similarly formed single-contact, increases A possibility that accident occurs.
Therefore, on-load voltage regulating switch, which breaks down, to be largely avoided that the condition detection of contact.In recent years, it shakes Dynamic KLR signal approach on-line checking on-load voltage regulating switch is considered as a kind of new method for diagnosing on-load voltage regulating switch.It can be same When check mechanical breakdown and electric fault, such as the variation of contact abrasion, switching time.This method is also in research rank Section, but there are great potentiality can be used for on-line checking.The great advantage of this method is by being attached to oil tank of transformer surface Vibrating sensor detects on-load voltage regulating switch situation, is not electrically connected with entire electric system, operates normally nothing to system Any influence can reliably and securely achieve the purpose that on-line checking, and the measuring technique of this method and equipment are all extremely simple It is single.But this method needs the structure to acoustics, on-load voltage regulating switch to understand in depth, further to improve its use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method that a kind of each phases-time of relatively on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis, energy The state feature of on-load voltage regulating switch is enough detected, thus the diagnosis to the working condition of the on-load voltage regulating switch science of making.
A method of relatively each phases-time of on-load voltage regulating switch carries out fault diagnosis, its special feature is that, including Following steps:
(1) vibration signal that on-load voltage regulating switch is generated in movement is collected using acceleration transducer;
(2) envelope spectrum of the vibration signal is obtained using Hilbert transform;
(3) noise reduction process is carried out for the envelope spectrum using wavelet transformation;
(4) it is analyzed by the envelope to obtained noise reduction vibration signal, signal is divided into and is moved with on-load voltage regulating switch Make corresponding 6 stages;
(5) judge to have by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions to carry and adjust It compresses switch and whether produces failure.
Step (5) judges to have by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions Voltage adjustment of on-load switch whether produce failure, specifically compared with normal condition if difference≤5% be it is normal, if difference >= 15% is to produce failure, and there may be failures if difference > 5% and < 15%.
Using can be convenient the state feature for reasonably detecting on-load voltage regulating switch after the method for the present invention, on-load voltage regulation is opened The estimation of the working condition of the pass science of making avoids unnecessary strip inspection and big scientifically to arrange maintenance project The man power and material of amount wastes.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The principle of the method for the present invention is as follows:
The operating process of on-load voltage regulating switch includes a series of vibration event, wherein vibration fingerprint rich in, because This can carry out the on-line monitoring of on-load voltage regulating switch based on vibration signal.The conventional method of on-line monitoring is using vibrating sensor The time domain of vibration signal is detected, the working condition of certain analysis method assessment and prediction on-load voltage regulating switch is then utilized.It The state feature that on-load voltage regulating switch can be detected convenient and reasonablely, to estimating for the working condition of the on-load voltage regulating switch science of making Meter avoids unnecessary strip inspection and a large amount of man power and material from wasting scientifically to arrange maintenance project.
When on-load voltage regulating switch acts, the fuel factor of electric current makes the elasticity of spring die down, contact slap, dynamic and static contact Between contact pressure reduce, cause poor contact;The event such as mechanical wear, galvano-cautery and contact pollution between contact in frequent pressure regulation Barrier is easy to produce single-contact, local arc electric discharge, so that contact ablation.These mechanical breakdowns can all influence dynamic and static contact and connect Pulse shock power when touching separation, can be reflected in envelope with the variation of pulse number or switching time.Work as on-load voltage regulation Switch there are when other machinery potential faults, the vibration signal as caused by contact action when normal condition compared with also can be Difference, therefore the envelope in these action process is recorded and compares, it can reflect the situation of on-load voltage regulating switch substantially.
In order to which the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with Accompanying drawings and embodiments, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of each phases-time progress method for diagnosing faults of on-load voltage regulating switch, including following Step:
1. collecting the vibration signal that on-load voltage regulating switch is generated in movement using acceleration transducer;Acceleration passes There are two sensor is specific, it is mounted on the top of switch.
2. obtaining the envelope spectrum of vibration signal, the Hilbert Transformation Principle of a real signal using Hilbert transform Are as follows:T is the time, and x (t) is signal, its essence is the phase shift for making signal generate 90 °.X (t) is that vibration adds Speed signal obtains signal y after bandpass filteringr(t), yr(t) signal y is obtained through Hilbert transformi(t), the two constitutes a solution It analyses functional expression Z (t), may be expressed as: z (t)=yr(t)+jyi(t).Thus the amplitude modulated signal for obtaining vibration signal is
3. carrying out noise reduction process for envelope spectrum using wavelet transformation, the principle and property of wavelet transformation: managed according to small echo By a mother wavelet Ψ ∈ L1∩L2AndIt is real domain for mother wavelet L, if it meets permission property conditionSignal, frequencies omega, then referred to as admissible wavelet (Admissible Wavelet).The small echo passes through If under type is flexible and translates, family of functions { Ψ is obtaineda,b}:There are two become for wavelet transformation Amount: scale a and translational movement b;A ∈ R and a ≠ 0 are called analysis wavelet (AnalyzingWavelet) or continuous wavelet.
The convolution results of signal and analysis wavelet are exactly the continuous wavelet transform of signal.It is multiple small for having a kind of wavelet Wave is called Gauss mother wavelet: Ψ (t)=exp (j ω t) exp (- t2/2).Its real part and imaginary part are respectively as follows: Ψgr(t)=cos ωt·exp(-t2/ 2), Ψgi=sin ω texp (- t2/2);
4. being analyzed by the envelope to noise reduction vibration signal, signal is divided into corresponding with on-load voltage regulating switch movement 6 stages;
It is adjusted 5. judging to have by the duration length in on-load voltage regulating switch each stage under comparison different conditions to carry It compresses switch and whether produces failure, (including end value) is normal condition within 5% with normal condition comparing difference, and difference exists 15% or more (including end value), then to produce failure, difference (does not include endpoints thereof) between 5% to 15%, then may produce Raw failure, also needs further to judge.

Claims (2)

1.一种比较有载调压开关各阶段时间进行故障诊断的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:1. a method for carrying out fault diagnosis by comparing the time of each stage of an on-load voltage regulating switch, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: (1)利用加速度传感器采集得到有载调压开关在动作时产生的振动信号;(1) Use the acceleration sensor to collect the vibration signal generated by the on-load voltage regulating switch when it is in action; (2)利用希尔伯特变换得到该振动信号的包络谱;(2) Utilize Hilbert transform to obtain the envelope spectrum of this vibration signal; (3)利用小波变换针对该包络谱进行降噪处理;(3) use wavelet transform to perform noise reduction processing on the envelope spectrum; (4)通过对得到的降噪振动信号的包络进行分析,将信号分为与有载调压开关动作相对应的6个阶段;(4) By analyzing the envelope of the obtained noise reduction vibration signal, the signal is divided into 6 stages corresponding to the action of the on-load voltage regulating switch; (5)通过对比不同状态下的有载调压开关各个阶段的持续时间长短来判断有载调压开关是否产生了故障。(5) Judging whether the on-load voltage regulator has a fault by comparing the duration of each stage of the on-load voltage regulator in different states. 2.如权利要求1所述的比较有载调压开关各阶段时间进行故障诊断的方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)通过对比不同状态下的有载调压开关各个阶段的持续时间长短来判断有载调压开关是否产生了故障,具体是与正常状态相比较如果差异≤5%为正常,如果差异≥15%则为产生了故障,如果差异>5%且<15%则可能产生故障。2. The method for performing fault diagnosis by comparing the time of each stage of the on-load voltage regulating switch as claimed in claim 1, wherein step (5) is obtained by comparing the duration of each stage of the on-load voltage regulating switch in different states. Judging whether the on-load voltage regulator has a fault, specifically compared with the normal state, if the difference is less than or equal to 5%, it is normal, if the difference is greater than or equal to 15%, it is a fault, and if the difference is greater than 5% and <15%, a fault may occur .
CN201811397247.6A 2018-11-22 2018-11-22 A method of comparing the time of each stage of the on-load voltage regulator for fault diagnosis Pending CN109738168A (en)

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