CN110988635A - On-line detection circuit, system and method for insulation of high and low voltage electrical equipment - Google Patents
On-line detection circuit, system and method for insulation of high and low voltage electrical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110988635A CN110988635A CN202010001166.0A CN202010001166A CN110988635A CN 110988635 A CN110988635 A CN 110988635A CN 202010001166 A CN202010001166 A CN 202010001166A CN 110988635 A CN110988635 A CN 110988635A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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Abstract
本发明提供高低压电气设备绝缘在线检测回路、系统及方法；重复接地电力系统的局部放电检测回路安装在待检测电气设备的一次回路中，该一次回路为重复接地电力系统，在该一次回路的单相或三相回路中接入高频脉冲电流传感器，检测该一次回路中的高频脉冲信号；在该一次回路的三相回路中接入高频脉冲电流传感器时，将地线反向穿入所述高频脉冲电流传感器。解决了局部放电检测技术在重复接地电力系统中分流和环流的检测难题，使局放检测技术可以用在企业级的400V、6KV、10KV、35KV的电力系统中，增大了局放检测技术的应用范围；同时，通过局部放电量变化率的绝缘预测算法预测绝缘的发展趋势，提高了局部放电的检测精度和适用性。
The invention provides an insulation on-line detection circuit, system and method for high and low voltage electrical equipment; the partial discharge detection circuit of the repeated grounding power system is installed in the primary circuit of the electrical equipment to be tested, and the primary circuit is the repeated grounding power system. A high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected to the single-phase or three-phase circuit to detect the high-frequency pulse signal in the primary circuit; when the high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected to the three-phase circuit of the primary circuit, the ground wire is reversed into the high-frequency pulse current sensor. It solves the problem of partial discharge detection technology in the detection of shunt and circulation in repeated grounding power systems, so that the partial discharge detection technology can be used in enterprise-level 400V, 6KV, 10KV, and 35KV power systems, increasing the potential of partial discharge detection technology Scope of application; at the same time, the development trend of insulation is predicted through the insulation prediction algorithm of the change rate of partial discharge, which improves the detection accuracy and applicability of partial discharge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric insulation online monitoring, in particular to an insulation online detection circuit, system and method for high-voltage and low-voltage electrical equipment.
Background
In recent decades, with the rapid development of economy and the steady advance of industrial modernization, the stability of a large industrial and mining enterprise on a power system is higher and higher, and especially in industries with stronger requirements on production continuity, such as petroleum, petrifaction, steel, pharmacy, high-grade manufacturing industry and the like, the stability of the power system plays an important role in the stable operation of the enterprise. In an electric power system, the breakdown of the insulation of electrical equipment can cause short-circuiting of the equipment, which is a major cause of power system fluctuations. In order to improve the operation stability of the power system, online insulation detection of electrical equipment is imperative.
In order to ensure that an electric power system can continuously run safely and stably, the insulation states of cables and electrical equipment are diagnosed by mainly adopting a periodic prevention test at early stage in China, but along with the fact that cable lines are longer and longer, a great number of unnecessary troubles are brought by applying a preventive test, a great amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are consumed, and the preventive test has some defects, and mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, a preventive test is carried out on a cable and electrical equipment after power failure, and power failure is an accident in a power system and needs to be reduced as much as possible; secondly, the preventive test selectivity is poor, the method cannot carry out targeted detection, and all cables need to be tested, so that the insulation aging speed of a plurality of cables with originally good insulation state can be accelerated after the cables are applied with the rated operation voltage higher than the rated operation voltage.
At present, partial discharge technology is applied to the power system with single-point grounding for insulation online detection of equipment, and the detection effect is good. However, the partial discharge detection technology for the repeated grounding system has the problems of shunt and circulation, which makes the partial discharge detection technology inapplicable in the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: the method solves the problems of shunt and circulation in the detection of the repeated grounding power system by the partial discharge technology and solves the difficult problem of trend prediction of partial discharge detection.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: not detecting a high-frequency current signal in the ground loop in the detection loop; a high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected into a single-phase current loop or a three-phase current loop; when a high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected to a three-phase loop, a ground wire penetrates into the high-frequency pulse current sensor in a reverse direction, in order to solve the technical problem of trend prediction of partial discharge, an insulation prediction algorithm of the change rate of the partial discharge amount is researched and developed, the insulation service life is accurately predicted, and the detection precision is improved.
The invention provides an insulation online detection loop of high-low voltage electrical equipment, which is arranged in a primary loop of the electrical equipment to be detected, wherein the primary loop is a repeated grounding power system, and is characterized in that: and a high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected into a single-phase or three-phase loop of the primary loop to detect a high-frequency pulse signal in the primary loop.
Preferably, when the high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected to the three-phase loop of the primary loop, a ground wire is reversely penetrated into the high-frequency pulse current sensor.
The second aspect of the present invention provides an online insulation detection system for high-low voltage electrical equipment, which is characterized in that: the system comprises a high-low voltage electrical equipment insulation online detection circuit according to claim 1 or 2;
the pulse acquisition module is connected with the high-frequency pulse current sensor and acquires a high-frequency pulse signal in the primary loop in real time;
the signal analysis module analyzes and processes the digital quantity output by the pulse acquisition module; and
and the upper computer and the signal analysis module realize data transmission and store and process received data.
Preferably, the signal analysis module includes:
the MCU module is connected with the pulse acquisition module, receives data acquired by the pulse acquisition module and converts a voltage value acquired by the pulse acquisition module into a partial discharge parameter;
the storage module is connected with the MCU module and used for storing the local discharge parameters;
the alarm module is connected with the MCU module; and
and the communication module is connected with the MCU module and is used for realizing data transmission with an upper computer.
A third aspect of the present invention provides an online insulation detection method for high-voltage and low-voltage electrical equipment, comprising: detecting a high frequency pulse signal in the primary loop using a detection loop as claimed in claim 1 or 2;
acquiring original pulse data of the electrical equipment in real time, and recording discharge original parameters of the electrical equipment at a fixed time interval T, wherein the sampling time of each recording of the discharge original parameters is T;
and predicting and diagnosing the insulation state of the electrical equipment by adopting an insulation prediction algorithm of the change rate of the partial discharge capacity.
Preferably, the discharge primitive parameters include: sampling the average discharge quantity Qt, the average maximum discharge quantity Qt', the discharge frequency and the discharge energy in the time length t; and calculating the maximum discharge value in each sampling time period t, and then averaging the maximum discharge values in a plurality of sampling time periods t to obtain the average maximum discharge Qt'.
Preferably, the insulation prediction algorithm for the rate of change of the partial discharge amount is as follows:
through multiple sampling, average discharge quantities Qt1, Qt2, Qt3 and … … Qtn in n sampling time periods t are obtained, the average increase rate k of the discharge quantities is calculated, and the average discharge quantities in the n sampling time periods t form a curve with the change rate k.
Preferably, the residual lifetime of the insulating structure is predicted by a curve with the rate of change k.
Preferably, an average discharge amount maximum value threshold Q1 is set, namely the critical discharge amount through dielectric breakdown, and the residual life of the insulation structure is calculated, wherein the residual life Lr is (average discharge amount maximum threshold Q1-current average discharge amount Q)/average change rate k.
Preferably, the collected signals are processed by combining wavelet analysis and FFT analysis to extract effective signals.
The patent has the advantages and positive effects that: 1. the structure of the primary system is not changed, and the technical problem of insulation detection of electrical equipment is solved only by collecting and analyzing high-frequency current signals of the secondary system; 2. the problem of detection of shunt and circulation of a partial discharge detection technology in a repeatedly grounded power system is solved, so that the partial discharge detection technology can be used in enterprise-level 400V, 6KV, 10KV and 35KV power systems, and the application range of the partial discharge detection technology is enlarged; 3. the insulation prediction algorithm based on the change rate of the partial discharge capacity diagnoses the insulation state of the cable, predicts the change trend of the insulation state in the future and the insulation service life, develops a prediction technology for the future development of insulation for the first time, and greatly improves the sensitivity and reliability of insulation detection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a detection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detection circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulation on-line detection system of the high-low voltage electrical equipment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of the rate of change of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings that illustrate the invention.
In a first aspect:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides an online insulation detection circuit for high and low voltage electrical equipment, which is installed in a primary circuit of the electrical equipment to be detected, the primary circuit is a repeatedly grounded power system, a high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected to a single-phase or three-phase circuit of the primary circuit, and a high-frequency pulse signal in the primary circuit is detected.
In a system with repeated grounding, if a high-frequency current signal in a grounding loop is detected, problems of shunt and circulation can be caused. The invention solves the problems of shunt and circulation existing in the detection of the repeated grounding power system by adopting the partial discharge technology by connecting the high-frequency pulse current sensor in a single-phase or three-phase loop.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection circuit 10 is installed in a primary circuit of the electrical equipment to be detected, the primary circuit is a repeated grounding power system, a high-frequency pulse current sensor 101 is connected to a single-phase circuit of the primary circuit, that is, a current transformer 101 is connected to one of a phase a, a phase b or a phase c of the primary circuit; the high-frequency pulse current sensor 101 is connected to a single-phase loop of the primary loop, the high-frequency pulse signal detected by the high-frequency pulse current sensor is the pulse current signal of the single-phase loop, and the single-phase loop has no shunt and backflow, so the accuracy of the detected signal is high.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection circuit 20 is installed in a primary circuit of the electrical equipment to be detected, the primary circuit is a repeated grounding power system, a high-frequency pulse current sensor 201 is connected to a three-phase circuit of the primary circuit, and a ground wire 202 is required to reversely penetrate into the high-frequency pulse current sensor 201; when the high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected into a three-phase loop of the primary loop, a grounding interference signal flows through the high-frequency pulse current sensor, the grounding high-frequency signal and an external high-frequency signal of a cable can generate interference, the influence on the detection precision is great, a ground wire penetrates into the high-frequency pulse current sensor reversely, the amplitude values of the interference signals in the ground wire are equal, the phases are opposite, and the interference signals in the ground wire are mutually offset, so that the interference problem of the ground wire is solved, and the measured signal is more accurate.
In a second aspect:
the invention provides a high-low voltage electrical equipment insulation online detection system in a second aspect, which comprises a high-low voltage electrical equipment insulation online detection loop; the detection loop is arranged in a primary loop of the electrical equipment to be detected, the primary loop is a repeated grounding power system, a high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected into a single-phase or three-phase loop of the primary loop, and a high-frequency pulse signal in the primary loop is detected. The high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected with the high-frequency pulse current sensor and used for acquiring a high-frequency pulse signal in the primary loop in real time; the device comprises a signal analysis module, a pulse acquisition module, an upper computer, a signal analysis module and a data transmission module, wherein one end of the signal analysis module is connected with the pulse acquisition module, the other end of the signal analysis module is connected with the upper computer, the signal analysis module is used for analyzing signals acquired by the pulse acquisition module and transmitting analysis results to the upper computer, and the data transmission module and the signal analysis module realize data transmission and store and process received data.
As shown in fig. 3, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, taking a detection loop 20 as an example, a high-frequency pulse current sensor 201 in the detection loop 20 is connected to the pulse acquisition module 30, the high-frequency pulse current sensor 20 acquires a partial discharge signal in a primary loop and transmits the partial discharge signal to the signal analysis module 40 through the pulse acquisition module 30, and the signal analysis module 40 analyzes the signal acquired by the pulse acquisition module 30 and transmits the analysis result to an upper computer 50.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the collection frequency of the high-frequency pulse current sensor 201 is 0.2MHz to 25MHz, the BNC male connector is used as the output interface, and the matching impedance is 50 Ω.
The data acquisition module 30 adopts a 4-channel acquisition card, and each channel in 4 channels can realize the highest real-time sampling rate of 250 MS/s; the high-frequency pulse current sensor 201 converts the acquired high-frequency pulse signal into a voltage signal, and transmits the voltage signal to the signal analysis module 40, and the signal analysis module 40 analyzes and processes the digital quantity output by the data acquisition module 30, and calculates the information of the signal to obtain: the maximum discharge amount, the average discharge amount, the 1S discharge pulse number, the discharge energy, the noise level, the discharge phase and other partial discharge parameters are analyzed by sending the calculation result to an analysis system of the upper computer 50, and the quality of the insulation is judged.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal analyzing module includes: the MCU module, the storage module, the alarm module and the communication module are arranged; the MCU module with the pulse acquisition module is connected, receives the data that the pulse acquisition module was gathered, will the voltage value that the pulse acquisition module was gathered converts the partial discharge parameter into, includes: partial discharge parameters such as maximum discharge capacity, average discharge capacity, discharge pulse number, discharge energy, noise level, discharge phase and the like; the storage module is connected with the MCU module and used for storing the local discharge parameters; the alarm module and the communication module are connected with the MCU module.
In a third aspect:
further, the invention provides an online detection method for insulation of high-voltage and low-voltage electrical equipment, which comprises the following steps:
a high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected into a single-phase or three-phase loop of the primary loop, the primary loop is a repeated grounding power system, a high-frequency pulse signal in the primary loop is detected, and when the high-frequency pulse current sensor is connected into the three-phase loop of the primary loop, a ground wire needs to be reversely penetrated into the high-frequency pulse current sensor;
acquiring original pulse data of the electrical equipment in real time, and recording discharge original parameters of the electrical equipment at a fixed time interval T, wherein the sampling time of each recording of the discharge original parameters is T;
and predicting and diagnosing the insulation state of the electrical equipment by adopting an insulation prediction algorithm of the local discharge capacity change rate.
The method detects the phase current in a primary loop, solves the problems of shunt and circulation existing in a detection repeated grounding power system of a partial discharge technology, samples the phase current at a fixed time interval T, and analyzes the collected phase current to obtain the original discharge data of the equipment to be detected, wherein the original discharge parameters comprise: sampling the average discharge quantity Qt, the average maximum discharge quantity Qt', the discharge frequency and the discharge energy in the time length t; and calculating the maximum discharge value in each sampling time period t, and then averaging the maximum discharge values in a plurality of sampling time periods t to obtain the average maximum discharge Qt'.
Meanwhile, the original parameters are analyzed and combined with each stage in the insulation aging process, the insulation state of the power equipment is diagnosed, and the future insulation state change trend and the insulation service life of the power equipment are predicted.
In the method, the average discharge capacity Qt and the average maximum discharge capacity Qt' in a sampling time period t are collected, and in the process of gradual aging of an insulating structure, the local discharge capacity becomes larger, the average discharge capacity Qt1, Qt2, Qt3, … … Qtn in n sampling time periods t are obtained through multiple sampling, the average growth rate k is calculated, and the average discharge capacity in the n sampling time periods t is formed into a curve with a change rate k, as shown in fig. 4, an included angle θ between the curve and an x axis is, and k is tan θ. And calculating the average growth rate to obtain a prediction curve of the aging degree of the insulation structure, and predicting the residual service life of the insulation structure through the curve.
Setting an average discharge maximum threshold Q1, which is the dielectric breakdown critical discharge, calculating the remaining life of the insulation structure through a change rate curve formed by the average discharge in the n sampling time periods t, and as can be seen from the change rate graph 4, the remaining life Lr is (average discharge maximum threshold Q1-current average discharge Q)/average change rate k.
When the residual service life Lr is calculated according to the method, the stage of the equipment insulation can be judged according to the calculated residual service life.
In order to reduce the data volume but ensure the data effectiveness and the real-time performance, based on the development characteristics of partial discharge, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the invention sets a fixed time interval T to be 1-600min to collect data once, the time T for collecting each time is 20-1000ms, and the collected signals are processed by combining wavelet analysis and FFT analysis to extract effective signals; calculating the average discharge capacity and the average maximum discharge capacity (firstly calculating the maximum value in 20ms of each period, and then averaging the maximum values of a plurality of periods), the discharge frequency and the discharge energy in each acquisition time t; and analyzing the long-term development process and rule of discharge capacity, discharge pulse frequency, discharge maximum value and discharge energy from multiple dimensions, combining the long-term development process and rule with each stage of development of electrical branches in the insulation aging process of the electrical equipment, and diagnosing the insulation state of the electrical equipment and predicting the future insulation state change trend and insulation life of the electrical equipment based on an insulation prediction algorithm of the change rate of the partial discharge capacity.
Most of detection systems of the electric power equipment at the present stage are applied to a periodic inspection maintenance system, and the method plays a great role in preventing equipment accidents and ensuring the safety and reliability of power supply, but the methods also have some obvious defects; these methods are periodic inspections and repairs, which require tests and repairs as planned, even if the equipment is in good condition, and may cause excessive repairs; on the other hand, since periodic inspections are not continuous real-time monitoring, the insulation condition of the electrical equipment may still be problematic during the intervals of inspection. The invention relates to an insulation online detection system of high and low voltage electrical equipment, which realizes real-time monitoring of the insulation of a repeated grounding electrical system.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112418450A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-26 | 济南浪潮高新科技投资发展有限公司 | Equipment predictive maintenance method based on multi-mode machine learning |
| CN114200272A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-03-18 | 山东汇能电气有限公司 | Switch cabinet health state operation feedback system based on partial discharge detection |
| CN116298722A (en) * | 2023-02-07 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳新立图智能科技有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis cell short-circuit port insulation on-line monitoring method and system based on partial discharge signals |
| CN118294799A (en) * | 2024-06-04 | 2024-07-05 | 天津安源科技发展有限公司 | Insulation on-line monitoring system and signal processing method for variable frequency motor unit |
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| CN118294799A (en) * | 2024-06-04 | 2024-07-05 | 天津安源科技发展有限公司 | Insulation on-line monitoring system and signal processing method for variable frequency motor unit |
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