CN109735060B - Thermoplastic composite material for laser direct forming technology and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Thermoplastic composite material for laser direct forming technology and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109735060B
CN109735060B CN201811652792.5A CN201811652792A CN109735060B CN 109735060 B CN109735060 B CN 109735060B CN 201811652792 A CN201811652792 A CN 201811652792A CN 109735060 B CN109735060 B CN 109735060B
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composite material
thermoplastic composite
liquid crystal
laser
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许斌
高波
周文
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Shanghai Pret Composites Co Ltd
Zhejiang Pret New Materials Co Ltd
Chongqing Pret New Materials Co Ltd
Shanghai Pret Chemical New Materials Co Ltd
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Shanghai Pret Composites Co Ltd
Zhejiang Pret New Materials Co Ltd
Shanghai Pret Material Technology Co Ltd
Chongqing Pret New Materials Co Ltd
Shanghai Pret Chemical New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoplastic composite material for laser direct structuring technology and a preparation method thereof, wherein the thermoplastic composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 59-98.9% of liquid crystal polyester, 1-10% of laser sensitive additive, 0.1-1% of compatilizer and 0-30% of filler. The laser sensitive additive and the compatilizer are premixed and then are subjected to vacuum heat treatment for 2 to 6 hours, and then are blended with other raw and auxiliary materials to be extruded and modified. The thermoplastic composite material of the invention improves the dispersibility and the activation capability of the laser sensitive additive, reduces the dosage, and simultaneously maintains the characteristics of high temperature resistance and high toughness of the liquid crystal polyester, so that the composite material has excellent comprehensive performance.

Description

Thermoplastic composite material for laser direct forming technology and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thermoplastic composite material, in particular to a liquid crystal polymer composite material used for a laser direct forming technology and a preparation method of the composite material, belonging to the technical field of liquid crystal polymer composite materials.
Background
Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) is a production technology of Laser processing and chemical plating process, which is used to fabricate Three-dimensional molded Interconnect devices (3D-MID). The principle is that laser is irradiated on a plastic part containing laser sensitive additive to activate a circuit pattern, and the activated area on the part can deposit metals such as copper, nickel, gold and the like in electroless chemical plating, so that the three-dimensional plastic part is endowed with a conductive function.
Electronic components are becoming increasingly popular today and typically provide wireless communication capabilities. For example, the electronic component can use a mobile phone frequency band (2G/3G/4G standard) under 815 MHz-3600 MHz to communicate. The electronic components may also communicate using wireless networks in the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands (802.11 a/b/g/n/ac). Such an electronic component structure, i.e. a 3D-MID, is typically formed of a plastic substrate and conductive elements or vias formed therein, which is a three-dimensional part having integrated printed conductors or circuit layout. Using the LDS method, conductive element widths and pitches of 150 μm or less can be obtained, which saves space and weight for smaller electronic devices. Another advantage of the LDS method is its flexibility. If the design of the conductive path needs to be changed, the laser is controlled by reprogramming, and the die does not need to be redesigned. This reduces the cost of the process and saves time.
At present, the material science applied to the LDS technology is also rapidly developed. The resin matrix is covered with general purpose plastics, engineering plastics and special engineering plastics. Among the more typical applications are Polycarbonate (PC), polycarbonate and polyacrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene alloy (PC/ABS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), poly (paraphenylene terephthalamide) (PPA), and the like. However, these materials require the addition of flame retardants, which are detrimental to the mechanical properties of the material, making it unsuitable for Surface Mount Technology (SMT) requiring high temperature resistance. In addition, these materials have high dielectric loss tangents, which makes them difficult to use in high frequency communication device applications.
Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymer (TLCP) is a high performance polyester material that can be used in manufacturing parts including electrical and electronic connectors, circuit boards, motor insulators, housings for various applications, automotive components, cookware/bakeware, replacement ceramics for high temperature light sockets, and light emitting diode housings and/or mounts. They are generally known for their excellent melt processing and forming characteristics, inherent flame retardancy, low loss tangent, and many uses at high temperatures.
At present, TLCP is used for LDS materials (such as CN 104961922A, CN 103906803B), but the adhesion of a metal plating layer on an LCP molded part prepared in the prior art is not strong, the LDS material in the prior art cannot meet the requirement, and more laser sensitive additives are needed to influence the toughness of the molded material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermoplastic composite material for a laser direct structuring technology, which uses less laser sensitive additive to obtain better metal film adhesion and the obtained composite material has better toughness.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a thermoplastic composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0001927945650000021
the liquid crystal polyester in the invention is a liquid crystal polyester which shows liquid crystallinity in a molten state, and the melting point of the liquid crystal polyester used in the invention is 250-350 ℃, preferably 300-340 ℃. The melt viscosity of the liquid crystal polyester used in the present invention is usually 10 to 100 pas, preferably 25 to 45 pas.
The liquid crystal polyester is a liquid crystal polyester obtained by using an aromatic compound as a raw material monomer, and preferably a wholly aromatic liquid crystal polyester obtained by using only an aromatic compound as a raw material monomer.
The laser sensitive additive is mixed metal oxide of tin and antimony, and the addition amount is 1-10%. After the compatilizer is used, the using amount of the compatilizer can be reduced without influencing the activation effect of the laser sensitive additive, and the adding amount is preferably 1-3%.
The compatilizer is a stearate dispersant which can be dissolved with the liquid crystal polyester and promote the dispersion of the metal oxide, and comprises one or the combination of more of sodium stearate, calcium stearate and lithium stearate.
The filler is one or a combination of more of ground glass fiber, talc, mica, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and wollastonite. If a large amount of inorganic filler is contained, the toughness of the material is affected and the activation effect of the laser sensitive additive is affected, so the addition amount is preferably 0% to 30%.
The thermoplastic composite materials described above may be formed by known melt-forming processes (and corresponding equipment) including injection molding, extrusion (particularly when formed into sheets, films or tubes), blow molding and sintering.
The preparation method of the thermoplastic composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuum drying the liquid crystal polyester at 105-200 ℃ for 2-15 hours, preferably at 120-180 ℃ for 4-8 hours;
(2) pre-mixing a laser sensitive additive and a compatilizer, and carrying out vacuum heat treatment for 2-6 hours at 55-150 ℃, preferably for 2-3 hours at 60-120 ℃;
(3) adding the (1) and the (2) and other auxiliary materials into a double-screw extruder according to a certain proportion by using a weightlessness scale, extruding and granulating. The temperatures of the double-screw extruder from the feeding port to the extrusion die head are respectively 280-350 ℃, 300-360 ℃, 320-380 ℃, 300-350 ℃, 240-300 ℃, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 300 revolutions per minute. The performance test piece is injection molded by an injection molding machine.
Thereafter, conductive elements are formed on the injection molded molding using the LDS method. Laser-activated laser-sensitive additives are used, in which a metal oxide undergoes a physicochemical reaction to release metal atoms. These metal atoms are at the surface of the molding to act as nucleation centers for electroless deposition of other metals. Other metals deposited, such as copper, can be fixed to the surface of the molded part during this electroless plating process to form the conductive features. The resulting molded part is an MID part that contains the integrated electronic circuit conductive elements. 100 test pieces are prepared by the method, a hundred-grid test is carried out, and the average falling area is calculated.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the stearic acid compatilizer is adopted to improve the dispersibility of the laser sensitive additive, reduce the using amount of the laser sensitive additive and ensure that the laser sensitive additive can have better laser activation effect and chemical plating effect under lower content.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples, but the present invention should not be limited to the contents specifically illustrated in the following examples without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
The product performance testing method comprises the following steps:
in the present invention, Izod notched Impact Strength (IS) was measured by ASTM D256 method, and the thickness of the test piece was 3.2 mm. Heat Distortion Temperature (HDT) was measured by the method of ASTM D648, with an applied load of 1.82 MPa.
In the invention, the adhesive force of the metal coating is evaluated by using the average falling area obtained by a Baige test.
Examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Liquid crystal polyester: KG300, Shanghai pril specialty Chemicals New materials Co., Ltd
Laser sensitive additive:
Figure BDA0001927945650000031
8850, Merck group;
sodium stearate: licomont Nav 101, Clariant Inc.
Talc powder: HM 4, IMI Fabi.
Vacuum drying the liquid crystal polyester at 140 ℃ for 4 hours; the laser sensitive additive and the compatibilizer were premixed and heat treated in vacuum at 60 ℃ for 2 hours. The dried material was added to a twin screw extruder in a weightless scale in the proportions shown in Table 1 for extrusion granulation. The extruder contains conveying elements, kneading elements, a low-pressure zone for evacuating volatile constituents which may be present in the polyester under vacuum, and a die. The temperatures of the extruder from the feeding port to the extrusion die head are 240 ℃, 290 ℃, 300 ℃, 310 ℃, 315 ℃, 325 ℃ and 345 ℃ respectively, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 300 revolutions per minute. And (4) the thermoplastic composite material leaves the die, is cooled by a water tank and is cut into particles.
And drying the thermoplastic composite material particles at 150 ℃ for 3-5 hours, and preparing a sample strip for testing the performance by using an injection molding method. The injection temperature is 350 ℃, the injection pressure is 20MPa, the injection time is 5-10 sec, the cooling time is 5-10 sec, and the mold temperature is 90-110 ℃. The injection molded bars were tested for properties after at least 24 hours at 23 ℃ under 50% relative humidity and the properties obtained are given in Table 2.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001927945650000041
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001927945650000042
"/": electroless plating could not be performed under this comparative example.
As can be seen from examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3:
the thermoplastic composite material obtained in the embodiments 1 to 8 has the advantages of strong adsorption force of the metal coating, high toughness, good heat resistance and the like after chemical plating. Compared with the comparative example, the use of the compatilizer can greatly reduce the dosage of the laser sensitive additive, and can increase the adsorption force of the metal coating. When the filler content is too high, the toughness of the composite material is rapidly deteriorated.
The thermoplastic composite material for LDS provided by the invention has good laser activation effect and chemical plating effect under the condition of low usage amount of the laser sensitive additive, and simultaneously maintains the characteristics of high temperature resistance and high toughness of liquid crystal polyester, and has excellent comprehensive performance.

Claims (6)

1. A thermoplastic composite material for use in laser direct structuring technology, characterized by: the composite material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0003179204400000011
the laser sensitive additive is a mixed metal oxide of tin and antimony; the compatilizer is stearate, and comprises one or more of sodium stearate, calcium stearate and lithium stearate.
2. A thermoplastic composite material for laser direct structuring technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermotropic liquid crystal polyester is prepared by using aromatic compounds as raw material monomers.
3. A thermoplastic composite material for laser direct structuring technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filler is one or a combination of more of ground glass fiber, talc, mica, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and wollastonite.
4. A process for the preparation of a thermoplastic composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) vacuum drying the liquid crystal polyester at 105-200 ℃ for 2-15 hours;
(2) pre-mixing a laser sensitive additive and a compatilizer, and carrying out vacuum heat treatment for 2-6 hours at 55-150 ℃;
(3) adding the (1) and the (2) and other auxiliary materials into a double-screw extruder according to a certain proportion by using a weightlessness scale for extrusion and granulation; the temperatures of the double-screw extruder from the feeding port to the extrusion die head are respectively 280-350 ℃, 300-360 ℃, 320-380 ℃, 300-350 ℃, 240-300 ℃, and the rotating speed of the main machine is 300 revolutions per minute.
5. The method for preparing a thermoplastic composite material according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), the liquid crystal polyester is dried for 4-8 hours in vacuum at 120-180 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a thermoplastic composite material according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the vacuum heat treatment condition is vacuum heat treatment for 2-3 hours at 60-120 ℃.
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CN103450675A (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-18 金发科技股份有限公司 Resin composition having laser direct-structuring function and its preparation method and use
CN103694697A (en) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-02 金发科技股份有限公司 Thermal conducting material capable of selectively depositing metal, preparation method of the material and applications of the material
CN103906803A (en) * 2011-10-31 2014-07-02 提克纳有限责任公司 Thermoplastic composition for use in forming a laser direct structured substrate
CN104961922A (en) * 2015-07-11 2015-10-07 刘帅 Co-modified LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) additive and LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer) composition containing same
WO2018130970A1 (en) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-19 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Laser platable thermoplastic compositions with a laser activatable metal compound and shaped articles therefrom

Patent Citations (5)

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CN103906803A (en) * 2011-10-31 2014-07-02 提克纳有限责任公司 Thermoplastic composition for use in forming a laser direct structured substrate
CN103450675A (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-18 金发科技股份有限公司 Resin composition having laser direct-structuring function and its preparation method and use
CN103694697A (en) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-02 金发科技股份有限公司 Thermal conducting material capable of selectively depositing metal, preparation method of the material and applications of the material
CN104961922A (en) * 2015-07-11 2015-10-07 刘帅 Co-modified LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) additive and LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer) composition containing same
WO2018130970A1 (en) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-19 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Laser platable thermoplastic compositions with a laser activatable metal compound and shaped articles therefrom

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