CN109734417B - Sludge water purification lightweight aggregate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sludge water purification lightweight aggregate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109734417B CN109734417B CN201910070121.6A CN201910070121A CN109734417B CN 109734417 B CN109734417 B CN 109734417B CN 201910070121 A CN201910070121 A CN 201910070121A CN 109734417 B CN109734417 B CN 109734417B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a sludge water purification light aggregate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sludge water purification light aggregate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: sludge: 40% -70%, water hyacinth: 20-50%, aluminum powder: 0.1% -0.5%, water glass: 5% -10%, chitosan: 2.5% -4.2%, calcium carbonate: 2% -5%, nano-silica: 0.2 to 0.4 percent. The sludge water purification light aggregate is prepared by adopting a multiple pore-forming technology, pore-forming is carried out at different temperatures by the multiple pore-forming technology, the pore-forming technology is controllable, a good multi-element composite pore structure is favorably formed in the sludge water purification light aggregate, and the complexity of a void passage is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water purification materials, in particular to a sludge water purification light aggregate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Due to the special porous structure of the water purification lightweight aggregate, the water purification lightweight aggregate has a plurality of excellent physical and chemical properties such as high specific surface area, high porosity, high adsorbability and the like, can well adsorb harmful ingredients in water in self gaps, and has a good water purification function.
At present, the water purification light aggregate is prepared by adopting a chemical foaming hole making method, the foaming rate of the chemical foaming hole making method is difficult to control, the holes in the prepared water purification light aggregate are easy to be uneven, the water purification efficiency is low, and the used raw materials such as tourmaline, fly ash and the like have certain radioactivity and have certain negative effects on human bodies.
In addition, the large amount of river bottom sludge and water hyacinth produced brings serious environmental and social problems, and in the aspect of the utilization of the sludge, the sludge is mainly prepared into light aggregate to be used as a building material.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a sludge light aggregate for water purification, so as to solve the problem of low water purification efficiency of the existing water purification light aggregate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the raw materials of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprise the following components in percentage by mass:
sludge: 40 to 70 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
water hyacinth: 20 to 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
aluminum powder: 0.1 to 0.5 percent of,
water glass: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
and (3) chitosan: 2.5 to 4.2 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
calcium carbonate: 2 to 5 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
nano silicon dioxide: 0.2 to 0.4 percent.
Optionally, the content of particles with the particle size of less than 0.05mm in the sludge is 75-85%.
Optionally, the total content of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide components in the sludge is 5-10%, the content of organic matters is less than 50%, and the water content is 38-42%.
Optionally, the diameter of the water hyacinth is less than 1cm, the water content is less than 5%, the organic matter content is 50-90%, and the ignition loss is 50-60%.
Optionally, the fineness of the aluminum powder is 300-350 meshes.
Optionally, the modulus of the water glass is 2.5-3.1.
Optionally, the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 1-100 nm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above sludge clear water lightweight aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and stirring the sludge, the water hyacinth, the aluminum powder, the water glass, the chitosan, the calcium carbonate and the nano silicon dioxide to obtain a mixture A;
2) and standing and aging the mixture A, granulating, and then placing in a reducing atmosphere for sintering to obtain the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate.
Optionally, the sintering schedule of the sintering in the step 2) is as follows: heating to 70-100 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-20 min, then continuously heating to 200-300 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-25 min, subsequently continuously heating to 800-850 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10-20 min; and finally, continuously heating to 1000-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 10-30 min.
Optionally, the aging time of the standing aging in the step 2) is 30-50 min.
The forming mechanism of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is as follows:
1) primary pore forming: dissolving water glass in the slurry to provide an alkaline environment, and rapidly foaming aluminum powder in the alkaline environment in the drying process to form a closed-cell structure; 2) secondary pore-forming: organic matters in the water hyacinth are oxidized and decomposed at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, mutually communicated open pores are formed in the water hyacinth, carbon compounds generated after decomposition form activated carbon in a reducing atmosphere, and the activated carbon is wrapped by chitosan with adsorbability and attached to the walls of the pores; 3) and (3) forming holes for three times: the calcium carbonate generates carbon dioxide gas at 800-850 ℃, and the existence of the water glass can also control the release amount of the carbon dioxide and the content of closed pores; 4) sintering and forming of the lightweight aggregate: at 1000-1100 ℃, partial softening and liquid phase are generated in the aggregate, and simultaneously, complex solid phase reaction and liquid phase reaction are accompanied, so that crystal minerals are formed and gradually sintered and formed.
Compared with the prior art, the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate has the following advantages:
1. the sludge water purification light aggregate is prepared by adopting a multiple pore-forming technology, pore-forming is carried out at different temperatures by the multiple pore-forming technology, the pore-forming technology is controllable, a good multi-element composite pore structure with a filtering and permeating effect can be formed in the sludge water purification light aggregate, the complexity of a void channel is improved, and active carbon wrapped by chitosan on the pore wall of the sludge water purification light aggregate can adsorb harmful impurities in water, so that the sludge water purification light aggregate has a double water purification effect, the water purification rate can reach more than 92%, and the sludge water purification light aggregate can be used for domestic water purification. In addition, the light aggregate for purifying the water in the sludge adopts the nano silicon dioxide to strengthen the hole wall, so that the light aggregate has the performances of ageing resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, high strength and the like.
2. The sludge water purification lightweight aggregate disclosed by the invention takes sludge and water hyacinth as main raw materials, and the sludge and the water hyacinth are solid wastes, so that the preparation cost is greatly reduced, the sludge and the water hyacinth are used for preparing the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate, the resource utilization range is expanded, and the pressure of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate on the environment is reduced.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sludge: 40%, water hyacinth: 45%, aluminum powder: 0.3%, water glass: 8%, chitosan: 2.7%, calcium carbonate: 3.8%, nano-silica: 0.2 percent, wherein the sludge is fine soil which is deposited in still water and mild water environment and contains organic matters, the original water content is more than 60 percent, after treatment, the total content of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the sludge is 5-10 percent, the content of the organic matters is less than 50 percent, the water content is 40 percent, the content of particles with the particle diameter of less than 0.05mm in the sludge is 80 percent, and the sludge is mainly used as a framework raw material of the sludge water purification light aggregate; the water hyacinth is obtained by carrying out manual or mechanical salvaging treatment on stems and leaves after excessive propagation, and after crushing or grinding, the water hyacinth is mainly used for secondary pore forming of sludge water purification light aggregate, wherein the diameter of the water hyacinth is less than 1cm, the water content of the water hyacinth is less than 5%, the organic matter content of the water hyacinth is more than 50%, and the loss on ignition of the water hyacinth is more than 50%; the aluminum powder is scaly powder formed by adding a small amount of lubricant into pure aluminum foil and crushing by tamping, the fineness of the scaly powder is 300-350 meshes, and the aluminum powder is mainly used for primary pore forming of sludge pure water light aggregate; the modulus of the water glass is 2.5-3.1, and the water glass is mainly used for controlling the release amount of carbon dioxide and providing an alkaline environment for aluminum powder foaming; the chitosan is white-like powder or flaky substance with purity of more than 90 percent, and is mainly used for wrapping the generated activated carbon in the sintering process to prevent the activated carbon from permeating; the calcium carbonate is an inorganic compound with the purity of more than 95 percent and is mainly used for the third pore-forming of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate; the nano silicon dioxide is white powder with the purity of more than 95%, the particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 1-100 nm, and the nano silicon dioxide is mainly used for forming a cross-linked framework structure, enhancing the strength of hole walls and further improving the overall strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate.
The silt clear water lightweight aggregate of the embodiment was prepared as follows:
1) mixing the sludge with the water content of 40% and the water hyacinth according to the proportion, placing the mixture into a slurry tank, then adding aluminum powder, water glass, chitosan, calcium carbonate and nano silicon dioxide into the slurry tank, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture A;
2) standing and aging the mixture A for 30min, granulating by a granulator, and sintering in a reducing atmosphere to obtain the sludge clear water lightweight aggregate, wherein the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 250 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, subsequently continuously heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10 min; finally, the temperature is continuously raised to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min.
Tests show that the compressive strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is 3.0MPa, the porosity is 70.35%, and the water purification rate is 72.48%.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that: the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sludge: 45%, water hyacinth: 40%, aluminum powder: 0.1%, water glass: 8.8%, chitosan: 2.5%, calcium carbonate: 3.3%, nano-silica: 0.3 percent.
When the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate of the embodiment is prepared, the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, subsequently continuously heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10 min; finally, the temperature is continuously raised to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min.
Tests show that the compressive strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is 5.0MPa, the porosity is 68.14%, and the water purification rate is 69.58%.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that: the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sludge: 50% of water hyacinth: 35% of aluminum powder: 0.1%, water glass: 8.0%, chitosan: 2.5%, calcium carbonate: 4.0%, nano-silica: 0.4 percent.
When the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate of the embodiment is prepared, the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, subsequently continuously heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10 min; finally, the temperature is continuously raised to 1050 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 20 min.
Tests prove that the compressive strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is 5.2MPa, the porosity is 68.77%, and the water purification rate is 70.23%.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that: the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sludge: 55% and water hyacinth: 30% of aluminum powder: 0.2%, water glass: 8.0%, chitosan: 3.2%, calcium carbonate: 3.3%, nano-silica: 0.3 percent.
When the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate of the embodiment is prepared, the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, subsequently continuously heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10 min; finally, the temperature is continuously raised to 1050 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 30 min.
Tests prove that the compressive strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is 5.3MPa, the porosity is 60.16%, and the water purification rate is 66.48%.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that: the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sludge: 60%, water hyacinth: 25% of aluminum powder: 0.2%, water glass: 8.2%, chitosan: 3.0%, calcium carbonate: 3.3%, nano-silica: 0.3 percent.
When the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate of the embodiment is prepared, the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, subsequently continuously heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10 min; finally, the temperature is continuously raised to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min.
Tests prove that the compressive strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is 6.1MPa, the porosity is 65.39%, and the water purification rate is 81.82%.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 in that: the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sludge: 65% and water hyacinth: 21% of aluminum powder: 0.4%, water glass: 5.5%, chitosan: 3.1%, calcium carbonate: 5.0%, nano-silica: 0.4 percent.
When the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate of the embodiment is prepared, the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, subsequently continuously heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10 min; finally, the temperature is continuously raised to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 20 min.
Tests prove that the compressive strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is 6.65MPa, the porosity is 72.83%, and the water purification rate is 92.69%.
Example 7
This example differs from example 1 in that: the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: sludge: 65% and water hyacinth: 21% of aluminum powder: 0.2%, water glass: 5.5%, chitosan: 2.9%, calcium carbonate: 5.0%, nano-silica: 0.4 percent.
When the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate of the embodiment is prepared, the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, then continuously heating to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, subsequently continuously heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10 min; finally, the temperature is continuously raised to 1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 30 min.
Tests prove that the compressive strength of the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is 5.98MPa, the porosity is 54.58%, and the water purification rate is 73.47%.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The sludge water purification lightweight aggregate is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
sludge: 40 to 70 percent of the total weight of the composition,
water hyacinth: 20 to 50 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
aluminum powder: 0.1 to 0.5 percent,
water glass: 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
and (3) chitosan: 2.5% -4.2%,
calcium carbonate: 2 to 5 percent of the total weight of the steel,
nano silicon dioxide: 0.2% -0.4%;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and stirring the sludge, the water hyacinth, the aluminum powder, the water glass, the chitosan, the calcium carbonate and the nano silicon dioxide to obtain a mixture A;
2) standing and aging the mixture A, granulating, then placing in a reducing atmosphere, and sintering, wherein the sintering system of the sintering is as follows: heating to 70-100 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10-20 min, then continuously heating to 200-300 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20-25 min, subsequently continuously heating to 800-850 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 10-20 min; and finally, continuously heating to 1000-1100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 10-30 min to obtain the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate.
2. The sludge water purification lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the content of particles having a particle size of less than 0.05mm in the sludge is 75-85%.
3. The silt water purification lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the total content of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide components of the silt is 5-10%, the content of organic matters is less than 50%, and the water content is 38-42%.
4. The sludge water purification lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the water hyacinth is less than 1cm, the water content is less than 5%, the organic matter content is 50-90%, and the loss on ignition is 50-60%.
5. The silt water purification lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of the aluminum powder is 300-350 meshes.
6. The silt water purification lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the modulus of the water glass is 2.5 to 3.1.
7. The silt water purification lightweight aggregate according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nano silica is 1 to 100 nm.
8. A method for preparing the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) mixing and stirring the sludge, the water hyacinth, the aluminum powder, the water glass, the chitosan, the calcium carbonate and the nano silicon dioxide to obtain a mixture A;
2) and standing and aging the mixture A, granulating, and then placing in a reducing atmosphere for sintering to obtain the sludge water purification lightweight aggregate.
9. The method for preparing sludge water purification lightweight aggregate according to claim 8, wherein the aging time of the standing aging in the step 2) is 30-50 min.
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