CN109732275B - Method for machining cylindrical sheet metal part with radial arc section - Google Patents
Method for machining cylindrical sheet metal part with radial arc section Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section, which solves the problem of higher processing cost of the conventional cylindrical sheet metal part. The method comprises the following steps: step one, blanking; calculating the actual expansion size of the blanking blank steel plate of the semi-cylinder according to the design size; step two, processing a groove by a hydraulic machine; pressing the blank steel plate into two arc grooves by a hydraulic press; step three, supporting the pipe and filling sand; preparing four steel pipes, filling sand in the steel pipes, and plugging pipe orifices at two ends of the steel pipes; step four, spot welding the supporting tube; placing four supporting tubes at the smooth transition position of the arc groove, and performing spot welding positioning; fifthly, spot welding the supporting plate; arranging a support plate at the bottom end of the support tube, and performing spot welding; step six, rolling the semi-cylinder; rolling the spot-welded blank steel plate, the support plate and the support tube into a semi-cylinder shape by a roller machine; step seven, tailor welding; and welding the two semi-cylindrical bodies into an integral circular cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for processing a cylindrical sheet metal part, in particular to a method for processing a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section.
Background
The low-temperature vacuum ball valve is usually used for a low-temperature fluid pipeline, the working medium of the low-temperature vacuum ball valve is liquid oxygen (below minus 183 ℃), and a cylindrical outer cover (namely a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section) is required to be arranged on the outer side of the valve due to the low-temperature requirement of the conveying medium, the cylindrical outer cover is sleeved on the valve body, two ends of the cylindrical outer cover are welded with the valve body, an interlayer is formed in the middle of the cylindrical outer cover and is vacuumized, and the cold energy of the medium is prevented from being transmitted into the. Under valve operating condition, valve body and low temperature medium direct contact, based on expend with heat and contract with cold principle, the valve body is in length direction size shrink, and the cartridge type dustcoat is in normal atmospheric temperature state, and length direction size is unchangeable, just requires cartridge type dustcoat structural design to carry out the natural compensation to expend with heat and contract with cold deformation this moment, respectively sets up an arc section at cartridge type dustcoat both ends this moment for satisfy the natural compensation requirement.
Generally, the cylindrical outer cover parts are produced by drawing or stamping and the like, and special dies are manufactured according to the sizes of the parts, but the production quantity of the vacuum ball valves is small, the processing quantity of the cylindrical outer cover is only one or two, the cylindrical outer cover is not suitable for being used for drawing or stamping dies by investing a large amount of funds, and if the cylindrical outer cover parts are used for manufacturing the special dies, the die opening cost is high, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that a special die is needed to be used and the manufacturing cost is high in the existing manufacturing method of the cylindrical sheet metal part, and provides a method for processing the cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for processing a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section comprises the following steps:
step one, blanking;
calculating the actual expansion size of a semi-cylindrical blanking blank steel plate according to the size of a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section, wherein the blanking blank steel plate is two rectangular flat steel plates and machining allowance is reserved;
step two, processing a groove by a hydraulic machine;
respectively pressing each blank steel plate into two arc grooves by a hydraulic machine;
step three, supporting the pipe and filling sand;
preparing eight supporting tubes, wherein the length of each supporting tube is the same as that of the arc groove of the blank steel plate, filling sand into the supporting tubes, and plugging the tube openings at the two ends of each supporting tube;
step four, spot welding the supporting tube;
placing eight supporting tubes at the smooth transition position of the arc groove, and positioning the supporting tubes and the blank steel plate in a spot welding manner;
fifthly, spot welding the supporting plate;
arranging a support plate at the bottom end of the support tube, and spot-welding the support plate and the support tube;
step six, rolling the semi-cylinder;
rolling the spot-welded blank steel plate, the support plate and the support tube into a semi-cylinder shape by a roller machine, cutting off machining allowance, and then removing the support plate and the support tube;
step seven, tailor welding;
and welding the two semi-cylindrical bodies into an integral circular cylinder.
Further, step eight, shape correction and closing; manufacturing a shape correcting tool, wherein the left groove and the right groove are respectively provided with one shape correcting tool, and the shape correcting tool is of a fan-shaped structure; and placing the shape correcting tool into the two grooves of the circular cylinder, fixing the shape correcting tool firmly, heating the part of the circular cylinder needing to be closed, and knocking the circular cylinder to close the circular cylinder until the shape of the plate at the closed part is attached to the shape correcting tool.
Further, the method also comprises the ninth step of detection; carrying out helium mass spectrum leak detection on the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section, wherein the detection equipment is a helium mass spectrum leak detector, and the leak rate is not more than 1x10-11Pa.m3/s。
And further, in the seventh step, during tailor welding, argon is introduced into the inner cavity of the circular cylinder for protection, so that oxides are prevented from appearing in the inner welding line.
Further, in the seventh step, acid washing paste is smeared at the outer welding seam after welding, and the oxidation color at the outer welding seam is removed.
Further, the machining allowance left in the step one is specifically as follows: and respectively reserving 50mm technological allowances at the two ends of the blank steel plate in the length direction, and respectively reserving 100mm technological allowances at the two ends of the blank steel plate in the width direction.
Further, after the step of blanking is finished, the step of deburring the blank steel plate is also included.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the method of the invention utilizes the existing roller machine and hydraulic machine in the factory to process the part, avoids setting a special die, does not need to purchase additional equipment, and reduces the cost.
2. Traditional production mode of drawing or punching press, part shaping speed is very fast, can lead to sheet metal component plastic deformation inhomogeneous in the course of working, and the finished product is thin uneven in some places. According to the invention, the blank is rolled into a semi-cylindrical shape by using the roller machine, the sheet is plugged into the roller of the roller machine in the roller machining, the roller slowly rotates and is pressed down to deform the sheet, the forming speed is low, and the condition that the thickness of the product is not uniform is avoided.
3. The method has the advantages of smaller shape of the die to be processed, simple processing method, small quantity, cheaper plate material and effective saving of production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a groove machined by a hydraulic press according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a blank steel plate hydroformed by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the method of supporting tube sand filling and plugging;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a support tube spot welding process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of spot welding reinforcement of a support plate according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a roll-formed semifinished product according to the method of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a shaped semi-finished product according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the tailor-welded part formation according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the shape correction tooling of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a sizing tool according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the final product after the shrinkage and the removal of the residual amount according to the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 12, the diameter of the inner hole of the cylindrical outer cover (i.e. the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section) is phi 226, the thickness of the sheet metal is 2mm, the material is austenitic stainless steel 06Cr19Ni10, the cylindrical outer cover is in a cylindrical structure, two semicircular arc sections are radially arranged on the cylinder body, the cylindrical outer cover is processed into a cylindrical shape by a sheet material roller, the parts are split and processed into two semicircular cylinders according to the production characteristics of a roller machine, and then the two semicircular arc sections are spliced and welded into a whole.
A method for processing a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section comprises the following steps:
step one, blanking;
according to the design drawing of the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section, the actual blanking expansion size of the semi-cylinder is calculated, and the blanking blank steel plate is a rectangular flat steel plate with the thickness of 2mm and is divided into two parts. On the basis of actual unfolding length, 50mm process allowance is reserved at two ends of the length direction of the part respectively for later-stage closing and finishing, and 100mm process allowance is reserved at two ends of the circumference direction of the part respectively, because after rounding, a straight section can be rolled into an arc shape in the circumference direction, and the straight section needs to be cut off in the later stage with allowance;
the blank steel plate is blanked and then deburred, so that workers are prevented from being scratched;
step two, processing a groove by a hydraulic machine;
as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, each blank steel plate is pressed out of two circular arc grooves of the part on a hydraulic press,
the method comprises the following steps that a mould is required to be manufactured, wherein the upper mould and the lower mould are respectively made of carbon steel Q235-A, the shape of the lower surface of the upper mould is consistent with the section shape of the inner cylinder wall of the arc groove of the part, the shape of the upper surface of the lower mould is consistent with the section shape of the outer surface of the arc groove, the lower mould is fixed during hydraulic pressure, a blank steel plate is placed on the lower mould, and a hydraulic machine drives the upper mould to press downwards for forming;
step three, supporting the pipe and filling sand;
as shown in fig. 4, eight support tubes with the diameter of 22x2 are prepared, the length of the support tubes is the same as the length of the grooves of the blank, sand is filled in the support tubes, the support tubes are tamped while being filled, the sand is filled, pipe orifices at two ends of the support tubes are sealed by wood plugs, and the support tubes are used for supporting the later-stage blank roller processing so as to reduce the deformation of workpieces;
the supporting tube filled with sand is selected as a support, the bar stock cannot be directly used, because the supporting tube and the blank are bent into a semicircular shape during later rolling, if the bar stock is used, the roller machine is not bent when the rigidity is too high, the wall thickness of the supporting tube is preferably 2mm, the supporting tube is not bent when the thickness is larger, the strength is poor when the supporting tube is thinner, and the supporting effect cannot be achieved;
step four, spot welding the supporting tube;
placing eight phi 22x2 stainless steel supporting tubes at the semicircular arc smooth transition part of the circular arc groove, and positioning the supporting tubes by spot welding with the spacing between welding points of 100mm for preventing the supporting tubes from moving during the subsequent roller, wherein the spot welding positions are shown in figure 5;
fifthly, spot welding the supporting plate;
as shown in fig. 6, a supporting plate with the thickness of 1mm is spot-welded below the blank piece, and the length and width of the base plate are consistent with those of the blank piece;
step six, rolling the semi-cylinder;
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the existing rolling machine in a factory has the processing characteristics that a thin steel plate can be rolled into a cylindrical shape, or a thick steel plate can be rolled into a semi-cylindrical shape; the blank can be taken as a thick steel plate with the thickness of 25mm and is put into a roller machine to be rolled into a semi-cylinder with the inner diameter of R113, and a section of straight line section can not be rolled into an arc shape in the circumferential direction after rounding due to equipment; after the roller is formed, measuring the size of a part, trimming the shape, cutting off a straight edge section in the circumferential direction, and removing the supporting tube and the supporting plate;
step seven, tailor welding;
as shown in fig. 9, two semi-cylindrical semi-finished products are taken and welded into a whole by argon arc welding, and during welding, argon gas is introduced into the inner cavity of the part for protection, so that oxides are prevented from appearing in the inner welding line; and (4) smearing acid cleaning paste on the outer welding seam after welding, and removing the oxidation color at the outer welding seam.
Step eight, correcting the shape and closing up;
as shown in fig. 10 and 11, a shape correction tool is manufactured for part closing, a left groove and a right groove are respectively provided, the shape correction tool is in a 90-degree fan shape, the cross section of the arc section of the shape correction tool is consistent with the size of the inner surface of the groove, the material is carbon steel Q235-A, the shape correction tool is processed into a fan shape instead of a round cake shape, and the round cake shape tool cannot be placed in the groove;
placing a shape correcting tool into two grooves of a blank, fixing the shape correcting tool firmly, heating a part of the blank needing to be closed up by using flame of an acetylene-oxygen gas cutting machine, knocking the part to close up by using a hammer until the shape of a plate at the closed up part is fit with the tool, and closing up the part in multiple sections while rotating the part along the central axis because the tool is fan-shaped; and after the closing of the part is finished, cutting the part by using a plasma cutting machine, removing the material process allowance at the two ends of the part, and finishing and forming.
Step nine, detection;
because the part is used in the vacuum working condition, the helium mass spectrum leakage detection is carried out on the part and two welding lines according to the design requirements, and the leakage rate is not more than 1x10-11Pa.m3And/s, detecting equipment is a helium mass spectrometer leak detector, and after the detection is qualified, finishing the part processing.
Claims (7)
1. A method for processing a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, blanking;
calculating the actual expansion size of a semi-cylindrical blanking blank steel plate according to the size of a cylindrical sheet metal part with a radial arc section, wherein the blanking blank steel plate is two rectangular flat steel plates and machining allowance is reserved;
step two, processing a groove by a hydraulic machine;
respectively pressing each blank steel plate into two arc grooves by a hydraulic machine;
step three, supporting the pipe and filling sand;
preparing eight supporting tubes, wherein the length of each supporting tube is the same as that of the arc groove of the blank steel plate, filling sand into the supporting tubes, and plugging the tube openings at the two ends of each supporting tube;
step four, spot welding the supporting tube;
placing eight supporting tubes at the smooth transition position of the arc groove, and positioning the supporting tubes and the blank steel plate in a spot welding manner;
fifthly, spot welding the supporting plate;
arranging a support plate at the bottom end of the support tube, and spot-welding the support plate and the support tube;
step six, rolling the semi-cylinder;
rolling the spot-welded blank steel plate, the support plate and the support tube into a semi-cylinder shape by a roller machine, cutting off machining allowance, and then removing the support plate and the support tube;
step seven, tailor welding;
and welding the two semi-cylindrical bodies into an integral circular cylinder.
2. The method for machining the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step eight, correcting the shape and closing up;
manufacturing a shape correcting tool, wherein the left groove and the right groove are respectively provided with one shape correcting tool, and the shape correcting tool is of a fan-shaped structure;
and placing the shape correcting tool into the two grooves of the circular cylinder, fixing the shape correcting tool firmly, heating the part of the circular cylinder needing to be closed, and knocking the circular cylinder to close the circular cylinder until the shape of the plate at the closed part is attached to the shape correcting tool.
3. The method for machining the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: further comprises the ninth step of detection;
carrying out helium mass spectrum leak detection on the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section, wherein the detection equipment is a helium mass spectrum leak detector, and the leak rate is not more than 1x10-11Pa.m3/s。
4. The method for machining the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in the seventh step, argon gas is introduced into the inner cavity of the circular cylinder for protection during tailor welding, so that oxides are prevented from appearing in the inner welding seam.
5. The method for processing the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section according to claim 4, wherein in the seventh step, acid cleaning paste is applied to the outer welding seam after welding to remove the oxidation color at the outer welding seam.
6. The method for machining the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section according to claim 5, wherein the machining allowance left in the first step is as follows: and respectively reserving 50mm technological allowances at the two ends of the blank steel plate in the length direction, and respectively reserving 100mm technological allowances at the two ends of the blank steel plate in the width direction.
7. The method for machining the cylindrical sheet metal part with the radial arc section according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after the blanking is finished, the method also comprises the step of deburring the blank steel plate.
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| CN114083169B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-07-04 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Flexible connection process method and tool for radio frequency coaxial-to-microstrip |
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| US4208777A (en) * | 1978-11-27 | 1980-06-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for manufacturing a split engine casing from a cylinder |
| CN1184722A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1998-06-17 | 章新生 | Flexibly rolled double metal bend, method for producing same, device for rolling internal wall thereof |
| US6205661B1 (en) * | 1999-04-15 | 2001-03-27 | Peter John Ring | Method of making a rocket thrust chamber |
| CN101823199B (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-09-28 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Manufacturing process of large-size thin-walled cylinder body |
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