CN109728746B - Bistable nonlinear energy collecting device using lever - Google Patents
Bistable nonlinear energy collecting device using lever Download PDFInfo
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- CN109728746B CN109728746B CN201910133834.2A CN201910133834A CN109728746B CN 109728746 B CN109728746 B CN 109728746B CN 201910133834 A CN201910133834 A CN 201910133834A CN 109728746 B CN109728746 B CN 109728746B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bistable nonlinear energy collecting device utilizing a lever, which comprises energy collecting equipment and a lever structure, wherein the energy collecting equipment is connected with the lever structure; the energy collecting device adopts a bistable nonlinear structure and converts mechanical energy into electric energy by using vibration; the lever structure is combined with a bistable nonlinear structure for amplifying the effect of the excitation to improve the energy collection efficiency. The bistable nonlinear energy collection device utilizing the lever provided by the invention can obviously amplify the excitation effect, has good trap crossing dynamic response and can obviously improve the energy collection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of micro-electronic machinery, and particularly relates to a bistable nonlinear energy collecting device utilizing a lever.
Background
It is desirable to find an energy harvesting device that utilizes vibration to meet the energy requirements of small electronic devices and sensors, which better achieves the energy sustainability of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). Existing energy harvesting devices typically utilize vibration to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. In order to increase the efficiency of energy conversion, it must be ensured that the excitation can cause as large vibrations as possible, however, current energy harvesting devices based on linear designs can only operate in a very limited bandwidth around the resonant frequency. To extend the effective collection bandwidth, nonlinear structures are introduced into the design of the energy collection device.
In the prior art, bistable energy collecting devices have been widely used due to their excellent performance. Since the bistable energy-harvesting device has two stable positions, it may exhibit severe "cross-trap oscillation" between the two stable positions, i.e., this phenomenon may occur in a wider frequency band as long as the excitation reaches some critical value.
Regardless of the various bistable implementations, the bistable energy harvesting devices can be described in the prior art approximately as a single degree of freedom Duffing vibrator structure, which consists of linear damping and nonlinear stiffness. In order to improve the performance of the bistable energy collection device, some existing technical solutions include introducing new dynamic coupling, such as adding an auxiliary linear structure, which can effectively increase excitation to improve the cross-trap dynamic response and improve the performance; on the other hand, some technical schemes increase the number of potential energy traps of the system through the interaction of a plurality of magnets, so that the depth of the potential energy traps is obviously lower than that of a conventional bistable energy collecting device, and the trap crossing dynamic response under small excitation can be improved. Nevertheless, these solutions are complex and difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems and disadvantages in the prior art, the present invention provides a bistable nonlinear energy collection device using a lever, which can significantly amplify the excitation effect, has a good cross-trap dynamic response, and can significantly improve the energy collection efficiency.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a bistable non-linear energy harvesting apparatus utilizing a lever includes an energy harvesting device and a lever structure; the energy collecting device adopts a bistable nonlinear structure and converts mechanical energy into electric energy by using vibration; the lever structure is combined with a bistable nonlinear structure for amplifying the effect of the excitation to improve the energy collection efficiency.
Preferably, the device comprises a piezoelectric thin sheet beam, a connecting piece, a lever mass block, a lever, a boundary fixing piece, a lever connecting piece hinge, a lever rotating shaft, a pressing piece and a base; the two boundary fixing pieces are arranged on two sides of the base; the two pressing pieces are hinged with the corresponding boundary fixing pieces respectively, so that the pressing pieces can rotate; the piezoelectric thin sheet beam is positioned between the two pressing pieces, and two ends of the piezoelectric thin sheet beam are respectively clamped and fixed by the pressing pieces; the lever rotating shaft is arranged in one boundary fixing piece, one end of the lever is arranged on the lever rotating shaft and can freely rotate around the shaft, the other end of the lever is provided with a lever mass block, and the middle part of the lever is provided with a lever groove; one end of the connecting piece is fixed in the middle of the piezoelectric thin sheet beam, and the other end of the connecting piece is hinged in a lever groove on the lever through a lever connecting piece hinge, so that the connecting piece can freely slide in the groove.
Preferably, the top end of the lever rotating shaft is connected with the middle part of the lever through a diagonal steel wire.
Preferably, the boundary fixing piece is connected with the pressing piece through a boundary fixing piece hinge.
Preferably, the base is the foraminiferous base of cuboid, is equipped with the base groove on the base, the lower part of boundary mounting be equipped with base groove assorted slider, the lower part slider of boundary mounting can slide along the base groove for the adjustment interval.
Preferably, the piezoelectric thin sheet beam is made of spring steel and piezoelectric ceramics.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the lever mass to the connecting piece is adjustable within a certain range.
Preferably, the ratio of the distances between the lever mass and between the connecting piece and the lever rotating shaft respectively varies within a certain range.
Preferably, the connecting piece, the lever, the boundary fixing piece, the pressing piece and the base are all made of aluminum materials.
Preferably, pushing the perimeter fixture on one side causes the piezoelectric sheet beam to buckle, forming two stable equilibrium positions that are symmetric about the centerline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the excitation can be significantly amplified with good cross-trap dynamic response.
(2) The energy collection efficiency can be significantly improved.
(3) Simple structure, convenient use and flexible parameter adjustment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a bistable non-linear energy harvesting device utilizing a lever according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a bistable non-linear energy harvesting device utilizing a lever according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the bistable nonlinear energy-collecting device using the lever according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating experimental results of power generation performance of a conventional bistable nonlinear power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating experimental results of power generation performance of a bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device using a lever according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a piezoelectric foil beam; 2. a connecting member; 3. a lever mass block; 4. a lever; 5. a boundary securing member; 6. a lever link hinge; 7. a lever rotating shaft; 8. a compression member; 9. a base; 4A, a lever groove; 4B, obliquely pulling steel wires; 5A, a boundary fixing piece hinge; 9A and a base groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention discloses a bistable nonlinear energy collecting device utilizing a lever, which comprises energy collecting equipment and a lever structure, wherein the energy collecting equipment adopts a bistable nonlinear structure and converts mechanical energy into electric energy by utilizing vibration; the lever structure is combined with a bistable nonlinear structure for amplifying the effect of the excitation to improve the energy collection efficiency.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device includes a piezoelectric sheet beam 1, a connecting member 2, a lever mass block 3, a lever 4, a boundary fixing member 5, a lever connecting member hinge 6, a lever rotating shaft 7, a pressing member 8, and a base 9; the two boundary fixing pieces 5 are arranged on two sides of the base 9; the number of the pressing pieces 8 is two, and the two pressing pieces are hinged with the corresponding boundary fixing pieces 5 respectively so that the pressing pieces 8 can rotate; the piezoelectric thin sheet beam 1 is positioned between the two pressing pieces 8, and two ends of the piezoelectric thin sheet beam are respectively clamped and fixed by the pressing pieces 8; the lever rotating shaft 7 is arranged in one boundary fixing piece 5, one end of the lever 4 is arranged on the lever rotating shaft 7 and can freely rotate around the shaft, the lever mass block 3 is arranged at the other end of the lever 4, and a lever groove 4A is formed in the middle of the lever 4; one end of the connecting piece 2 is fixed in the middle of the piezoelectric thin sheet beam 1, and the other end is hinged in a lever groove 4A on the lever 4 through a lever connecting piece hinge 6, so that the connecting piece can freely slide in the groove.
Specifically, the top end of the lever rotating shaft 7 is connected with the middle part of the lever 4 through a diagonal steel wire 4B.
Specifically, the boundary anchor 5 and the pressing member 8 are connected by a boundary anchor hinge 5A.
Specifically, base 9 is the foraminiferous base of cuboid, is equipped with base groove 9A on the base 9, the lower part of boundary mounting 5 be equipped with base groove 9A assorted slider, the lower part slider of boundary mounting 5 can slide along base groove 9A for the adjustment interval.
Specifically, the piezoelectric thin-sheet beam 1 is made of spring steel and piezoelectric ceramics.
In particular, the mass ratio of the lever mass 3 to the connecting piece 2 is adjustable within a certain range.
Specifically, the ratio of the distances between the lever mass 3 and the lever mass 2 and the lever rotation shaft 7 respectively varies within a certain range.
Specifically, the connecting piece 2, the lever 4, the boundary fixing piece 5, the pressing piece 8 and the base 9 are all made of aluminum materials.
Specifically, pushing the boundary anchor 5 on one side causes the piezoelectric sheet beam 1 to buckle, forming two stable equilibrium positions symmetrical about the center line.
Examples
A bistable nonlinear energy collecting device utilizing a lever mainly comprises a piezoelectric thin sheet beam 1 made of spring steel and piezoelectric ceramics, an aluminum connecting piece 2, a lever mass block 3 with certain mass, an aluminum lever 4 with a lever groove 4A, two aluminum perforated boundary fixing pieces 5 with concave-convex platform structures and hinges 5A, a lever connecting piece hinge 6, a lever rotating shaft 7, two aluminum pressing pieces 8 capable of clamping thin sheets and a cuboid perforated base 9 with a base groove 9A.
In the device, two boundary fixing members 5 are placed on a base 9, and lower sliders thereof can slide along a base groove 9A on the base 9 to adjust the distance. The pressing member 8 is hinged to the boundary fixing member 5 so that the pressing member 8 can rotate, and the pressing member 8 clamps the piezoelectric sheet beam 1 so that both ends thereof are fixedly supported. The lever rotating shaft 7 is arranged in one of the boundary fixing pieces 5, one end of the lever 4 is arranged on the lever rotating shaft 7, so that the lever 4 can rotate freely around a shaft, one end of the connecting piece 2 is hinged in a lever groove 4A on the lever 4 through a lever connecting piece hinge 6, so that the connecting piece can slide freely in the groove, meanwhile, the connecting piece can rotate through the lever connecting piece hinge 6, and the other end of the connecting piece is fixed on the piezoelectric thin sheet beam 1. The lever mass 3 is placed at the other end of the lever 4. Meanwhile, the top end of the lever rotating shaft 7 is connected with the middle part of the lever 4 through an inclined pull steel wire 4B.
The working principle of the device is as follows: pushing border fixture 5 along the base channel, as shown in fig. 3, causes the piezoelectric sheet beam 1 to buckle, thereby forming two stable equilibrium positions that are symmetrical about the center line of the figure, i.e., resulting in a bistable non-linearity. When the device is placed on a vibrating machine, it is excited by the vibrations shown in the figure, which cause the piezoelectric foil beam 1 to vibrate. The device has a dynamic coupling effect with a lever structure (comprising a lever 4 and a lever mass block 3), and the lever structure can amplify the excitation effect of vibration excitation on the piezoelectric thin sheet beam 1, so that the piezoelectric thin sheet beam 1 can more easily vibrate in a large amplitude across a central line. The large amplitude vibration energy is converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric effect and stored.
Fig. 4 is a result of an experiment of power generation performance (piezoelectric output voltage) of a conventional bistable nonlinear power generation device (no lever structure), and fig. 5 is a result of an experiment of power generation performance of an embodiment of the present invention. Both excitations are 3Hz, 3m/s2. In fig. 5, parameter μ is the ratio of the mass of lever mass 3 to the mass of connecting element 2, and the distance between lever mass 3 and lever rotation axis 7 is 1.5 times the distance between connecting element 2 and lever rotation axis 7. The experimental results show that: under the same excitation level, the voltage output of the traditional bistable nonlinear power generation device is less than 0.06V, the voltage output results corresponding to the three mass ratios of the invention are far greater than 0.06V, and the larger the mass ratio is, the better the power generation performance is. The comparison of experimental results shows that the bistable nonlinear power generation device is superior to the traditional bistable nonlinear power generation device.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A bistable non-linear energy harvesting apparatus utilizing a lever comprising an energy harvesting device and a lever structure, characterized in that: the energy collecting device adopts a bistable nonlinear structure and converts mechanical energy into electric energy by using vibration; the lever structure is combined with a bistable energy nonlinear structure and used for amplifying the action of excitation so as to improve the energy collection efficiency; the device comprises a piezoelectric thin sheet beam (1), a connecting piece (2), a lever mass block (3), a lever (4), a boundary fixing piece (5), a lever connecting piece hinge (6), a lever rotating shaft (7), a pressing piece (8) and a base (9); the two boundary fixing pieces (5) are arranged on two sides of the base (9); the number of the pressing pieces (8) is two, and the two pressing pieces are hinged with the corresponding boundary fixing pieces (5) respectively so that the pressing pieces (8) can rotate; the piezoelectric thin sheet beam (1) is positioned between the two pressing pieces (8), and two ends of the piezoelectric thin sheet beam are respectively clamped and fixed by the pressing pieces (8); the lever rotating shaft (7) is arranged in one boundary fixing piece (5), one end of the lever (4) is arranged on the lever rotating shaft (7) and can freely rotate around the shaft, the other end of the lever (4) is provided with the lever mass block (3), and the middle part of the lever (4) is provided with a lever groove (4A); one end of the connecting piece (2) is fixed in the middle of the piezoelectric thin sheet beam (1), and the other end is hinged in a lever groove (4A) on the lever (4) through a lever connecting piece hinge (6) so that the connecting piece can freely slide in the groove.
2. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device in accordance with claim 1 which utilizes a lever, wherein: the top end of the lever rotating shaft (7) is connected with the middle part of the lever (4) through an inclined steel wire (4B).
3. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device in accordance with claim 1 which utilizes a lever, wherein: the boundary fixing piece (5) is connected with the pressing piece (8) through a boundary fixing piece hinge (5A).
4. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device in accordance with claim 1 which utilizes a lever, wherein: base (9) are the foraminiferous base of cuboid, are equipped with base groove (9A) on base (9), the lower part of boundary mounting (5) be equipped with base groove (9A) assorted slider, the lower part slider of boundary mounting (5) can be followed base groove (9A) and slided for the adjustment interval.
5. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device in accordance with claim 1 which utilizes a lever, wherein: the piezoelectric thin sheet beam (1) is made of spring steel and piezoelectric ceramics.
6. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device in accordance with claim 1 which utilizes a lever, wherein: the mass ratio of the lever mass block (3) to the connecting piece (2) is adjustable within a certain range.
7. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device in accordance with claim 1 which utilizes a lever, wherein: the ratio of the distances between the lever mass block (3) and the lever rotating shaft (7) and the distance between the connecting piece (2) and the lever mass block are changed within a certain range.
8. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device in accordance with claim 1 which utilizes a lever, wherein: the connecting piece (2), the lever (4), the boundary fixing piece (5), the pressing piece (8) and the base (9) are all made of aluminum materials.
9. A bistable nonlinear energy harvesting device with levers in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: pushing the boundary fixing piece (5) on one side causes the piezoelectric thin sheet beam (1) to bend and form two stable equilibrium positions which are symmetrical about the central line.
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