CN109724987A - Automated detection system and detection method based on machine vision - Google Patents

Automated detection system and detection method based on machine vision Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109724987A
CN109724987A CN201811548579.XA CN201811548579A CN109724987A CN 109724987 A CN109724987 A CN 109724987A CN 201811548579 A CN201811548579 A CN 201811548579A CN 109724987 A CN109724987 A CN 109724987A
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mentioned
machine vision
image
slide rail
horizontal slide
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CN201811548579.XA
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阎相伊
许佳音
李宁
路丹丹
邢云松
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Tianjin Engineering Machinery Institute
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Tianjin Engineering Machinery Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of automated detection system and detection method based on machine vision, belongs to test technique automatic field, it is characterised in that: include at least: being equipped with the electronic control translation stage of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection;NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection includes multiple images acquisition equipment, the image processing system for being handled image and obtaining processing result and the human-computer interaction module for acquiring image information;The signal output terminal of each image capture device carries out data interaction by the I/0 terminal of data line and image processing system;The I/0 terminal of above-mentioned image processing system carries out data interaction by data line and human-computer interaction module;Workbench below multiple images acquisition equipment;Conveyer belt and electronically controlled rotary table are installed on above-mentioned workbench;For measured piece to be moved to the robot on conveyer belt or electronically controlled rotary table;Control the electrical control cabinet of robot, conveyer belt and electronically controlled rotary table movement.

Description

Automated detection system and detection method based on machine vision
Technical field
The invention belongs to test technique automatic field more particularly to a kind of automated detection systems based on machine vision And detection method.
Background technique
With the fast development of machine vision technique, more and more manufacturing types enterprise uses Machine Vision Detection skill Art sorts workpiece.Mechanical vision inspection technology expands to all trades and professions, and especially labor-intensive enterprises are just urgent The technological innovation from artificial detection to Machine Vision Detection is carried out, while bringing more machines to machine vision Integrated Development industry Meeting.Machine Vision Detection functional requirement is common in measurement, surface defects detection, Classification and Identification, four major class of auxiliary positioning, in the market Existing machine vision hardware and software development platform is lower to all kinds of detection integrated levels of all kinds of workpiece, NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection exploitation It is inefficient, and such development is highly professional, amateur developer can not develop, and need at this time a kind of quick Efficient software and hardware test experience development platform carries out all kinds of machine vision convenient for specializing in personnel and amateur developer The quick exploitation of detection system.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the invention proposes a kind of automated detection system based on machine vision and Detection method.Personnel and amateur developer can be made to specialize in and efficiently rapidly carry out opening for Machine Vision Inspecting System Hair.The platform includes multi-purpose machine vision-based detection hardware platform and machine vision module software design platform.Hardware platform All kinds of common visual detection hardware devices are designed and are integrated with, software platform is by all kinds of common visuals detection program with modular Algorithm out newly developed convenient for calling, while can be also continuously added in system of subject by form encapsulation in a modular fashion. It is either built from hardware early period that system designs and later period software design is all that the development of system improves efficiency.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of automated detection systems based on machine vision, include at least:
The electronic control translation stage (1) of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection is installed;Above-mentioned NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection includes acquisition image information Multiple images acquisition equipment, the image processing system that image is handled and obtains processing result and human-computer interaction module; The signal output terminal of each image capture device carries out data interaction by the I/0 terminal of data line and image processing system; The I/0 terminal of above-mentioned image processing system carries out data interaction by data line and human-computer interaction module;
Workbench below multiple images acquisition equipment;Conveyer belt (3) and automatically controlled is installed on above-mentioned workbench Turntable (2);
For measured piece to be moved to the robot (4) on conveyer belt (3) or electronically controlled rotary table (2);
Control the electrical control cabinet (5) of robot (4), conveyer belt (3) and electronically controlled rotary table (2) movement.
Further, above-mentioned NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection further includes the motion bracket for installing multiple images acquisition equipment, above-mentioned movement Bracket includes the horizontal slide rail (1-1) being fixed on the worktable, the horizontal slide rail vertical with horizontal slide rail (1-1) (1-5), fixes In the vertical rails (1-2) on horizontal slide rail (1-5);Above-mentioned horizontal slide rail (1-1), horizontal slide rail (1-5) and vertical rails (1- 2) three is mutually perpendicular to, and horizontal slide rail (1-1) and horizontal slide rail (1-5) are located in horizontal plane;At above-mentioned horizontal slide rail (1-1) On be provided with horizontal slider (1-4), above-mentioned horizontal slide rail (1-5) is fixedly connected with horizontal slider (1-4);In above-mentioned vertical rails It is provided with multiple vertical sliding blocks (1-3) on (1-2), is fixed with a camera mounting rod (1-6) on above-mentioned vertical sliding block (1-3) With illuminator mounting rod (1-7).
Further: above-mentioned NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection further includes that horizontal slider (1-4) and vertical sliding block (1-3) is driven to act Motor.
Further: above-mentioned electronically controlled rotary table (2) includes traffic cycle pedestal (2-1), on above-mentioned traffic cycle pedestal (2-1) Traffic cycle is installed, U-bracket (2-2) is installed on above-mentioned traffic cycle, is equipped with small turn on above-mentioned U-bracket (2-2) Disk (2-3), the diameter of above-mentioned traffic cycle are greater than the diameter of mini-roundabout;Above-mentioned electronically controlled rotary table (2) further includes driving traffic cycle dynamic The motor of work, the motor for driving mini-roundabout movement.
It is further: above-mentioned image processing system include Angle Measurement Module, distance-measurement module, roundness measurement module, Surface scratch detection module, concave-convex surface detection module and surface particles detection module.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of detection method of automated detection system based on machine vision;Packet Include following steps:
Step 1: part to be measured is placed on conveyer belt (3) or electronically controlled rotary table (2);
Step 2: adjusting corresponding camera and illumination on electronic control translation stage (1) according to the characteristic and testing goal of part to be measured For lamp to target position, later on camera and headlamp obtain the image of measured piece;
Step 3: image processing system handles camera acquired image, and the result of processing passed through man-machine Interactive module is shown.
The positive effect of the present invention is that:
Combination collocation of this patent by hardware and software platform, the quick exploitation of achievable machine vision developer, performance At following four aspect:
One, developer can quickly editor adjusts the pendulum of camera light source in the Multifunction electro-controlled displacement platform in hardware platform Position and motion path are put, camera and light source are fixed on Multifunction electro-controlled displacement platform by fixture and connecting rod, can be passed through Upper computer software programming Control or controller manually control the displacement and rotation of camera and light source, keep camera and each light source fast Speed carries out the combination of optimum position with to be detected, while camera and light source can also be made to carry out the translation of specific speed and position, complete At the line scan operation of line-scan digital camera;
Two, tested sample can be put and be rotated in electronically controlled rotary table into hardware platform, can also put to carrying out on conveyer belt Translation, in order to which Fast Modular draws up actually detected scene;
Three, when doing measurement class test experience, developer can be according to the measurement index of tested sample in software platform Directly select needing to measure as a result, being not necessarily to including angle measurement, range measurement, roundness measurement from software function bottom Again it is developed.
Four, when doing defect class test experience, developer can be according to the defects detection item of tested sample in software platform The defects of the project for needing to detect is directly selected in detection module, including surface scratch detection, concave-convex surface detection, table Face particle detections, without being developed again from software function bottom.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of electronic control translation stage in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of electronically controlled rotary table in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of conveyer belt in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of robot in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
1, electronic control translation stage;2, electronically controlled rotary table;3, conveyer belt;4, robot;5, electrical control cabinet.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a kind of automated detection system based on machine vision, comprising:
The electronic control translation stage 1 of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection is installed;Above-mentioned NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection includes the more of acquisition image information A image capture device, the image processing system that image is handled and obtains processing result and human-computer interaction module;Often The signal output terminal of a image capture device carries out data interaction by the I/0 terminal of data line and image processing system;On The I/0 terminal for stating image processing system carries out data interaction by data line and human-computer interaction module;
Workbench below multiple images acquisition equipment;Conveyer belt 3 and automatically controlled rotation are installed on above-mentioned workbench Turntable 2;
For measured piece to be moved to the robot 4 on conveyer belt 3 or electronically controlled rotary table 2;
Control the electrical control cabinet 5 that robot 4, conveyer belt 3 and electronically controlled rotary table 2 act.
Please refer to Fig. 2: above-mentioned NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection further includes the motion bracket for installing multiple images acquisition equipment, above-mentioned fortune Dynamic bracket includes the horizontal slide rail 1-1 being fixed on the worktable, the horizontal slide rail 1-5 vertical with horizontal slide rail 1-1, is fixed on cross Vertical rails 1-2 on sliding rail 1-5;Above-mentioned horizontal slide rail 1-1, horizontal slide rail 1-5 and vertical rails 1-2 three are mutually hung down Directly, and horizontal slide rail 1-1 and horizontal slide rail 1-5 is located in horizontal plane;Horizontal slider 1- is provided on above-mentioned horizontal slide rail 1-1 4, above-mentioned horizontal slide rail 1-5 is fixedly connected with horizontal slider 1-4;Multiple vertical sliding blocks are provided on above-mentioned vertical rails 1-2 1-3 is fixed with a camera mounting rod 1-6 and illuminator mounting rod 1-7 on above-mentioned vertical sliding block 1-3.
Above-mentioned NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection further includes the motor for driving horizontal slider 1-4 and vertical sliding block 1-3 movement.
Above-mentioned electronically controlled rotary table 2 includes traffic cycle pedestal 2-1, is equipped with traffic cycle on above-mentioned traffic cycle pedestal 2-1, U-bracket 2-2 is installed on above-mentioned traffic cycle, mini-roundabout 2-3 is installed on above-mentioned U-bracket 2-2, above-mentioned traffic cycle it is straight Diameter is greater than the diameter of mini-roundabout;Above-mentioned electronically controlled rotary table 2 further includes the motor for driving traffic cycle movement, mini-roundabout is driven to act Motor.
Above-mentioned image processing system includes Angle Measurement Module, distance-measurement module, roundness measurement module, surface scratch inspection Survey module, concave-convex surface detection module and surface particles detection module.
Above-mentioned Machine Vision Inspecting System quick development platform, mainly include multi-purpose machine vision-based detection hardware platform and Software module design platform.Wherein: multi-purpose machine vision-based detection hardware platform includes Multifunction electro-controlled displacement platform, automatically controlled rotation Turntable, conveying device, robot built-up jig locating platform.Automatically controlled displacement platform is by 8 precise electric control translation stages and 4 accurate electricity Turntable is controlled to be combined with each other, to realize 8 translation motions and 4 spinning movements, between each movement can independent control simultaneously, Control mode can be manually controlled by upper computer software programming Control or motion controller.Wherein in 4 sliding blocks and 4 camera light sources Flexible jig is connected by connecting rod.Software module design platform includes measurement module, surface defects detection module, classification knowledge Other module, auxiliary positioning four module.Measurement module includes Angle Measurement Module, distance-measurement module, roundness measurement module, is System automatically identifies characteristic informations and its character pixel coordinates such as all angles, straight line, circle in image, and obtains corresponding angle The measurement results such as degree, length, circularity, for the one or more measurement results only needed during real-time detection, operation Personnel can manually select any feature information that reservation or deletion are identified, all characteristic informations being retained are according to it The distance between character pixel coordinate and each distance proportion relationship carry out other similar samples specific as recognition template Measurement.Surface defects detection module includes surface scratch detection, concave-convex surface detection, surface particles detection.Operator's choosing Either type is selected, by threshold values such as setting defect length, areas, the surface defect of workpiece is screened.
A kind of detection method of the automated detection system based on machine vision;Include the following steps:
Step 1: part to be measured is placed on conveyer belt 3 or electronically controlled rotary table 2;
Step 2: adjusting corresponding camera and headlamp on electronic control translation stage 1 according to the characteristic and testing goal of part to be measured To target position, the image of later on camera and headlamp acquisition measured piece;
Step 3: image processing system handles camera acquired image, and the result of processing passed through man-machine Interactive module is shown.
Above-mentioned Machine Vision Inspecting System, which quickly develops hardware platform, can realize that the experimental situation of fast speed is built, camera with Light source is fixed on automatically controlled displacement platform 1 by fixture and connecting rod, and developer can pass through upper computer software programming Control or control Device processed manually controls the displacement and rotation of camera and light source, enable camera and each light source quickly carry out the combination of optimum position with It is to be detected, while camera and light source can also be made to carry out the translation of specific speed and position, complete the line scan operation that line sweeps camera; Tested sample can be put to be rotated in electronically controlled rotary table 2 into hardware platform, can also be put to being translated on conveyer belt 3, may be used also The operation such as feeding, blanking, transhipment of workpiece is carried out by robot 4, in order to which Fast Modular draws up actually detected scene;
The design that software module design platform can make developer carry out detection function rapidly is built.Doing measurement class inspection Survey experiment when, developer can be directly selected in software platform according to the measurement index of tested sample it is being measured as a result, its In include angle measurement, range measurement, roundness measurement.
Angle Measurement Module is integrated with least square method, gradient descent method isoline approximating method, and operator is in image Two area-of-interests of middle selection respectively fit one by Algorithm of fitting a straight line most preferably directly in the two area-of-interests Then line calculates the angle of cut of two straight lines.
Distance-measurement module fits two parallel lines in selection area by Algorithm of fitting a straight line, and line is calculated Vertical range between line.
Roundness measurement module takes least square method, there is the pixel coordinate of pixel gradient to pass through image in selection range Least square method is fitted to circle, obtains round radius and central coordinate of circle, goes out circularities according to roundness measurement formula to calculating.
When doing defect class test experience, developer can be according to the defects detection item of tested sample in software platform The project for needing to detect is directly selected in defects detection module, including surface scratch detection, concave-convex surface detection, surface Grain detection, without being developed again from software function bottom.
Scratch detection carries out Threshold segmentation using the local thresholds processing method such as Niblack, to Surface Flaw, to point Bianry image after cutting carries out Blob analysis, obtains the information such as scratch Length x Width.
Concave-convex surface detection uses the automatic threshold segmentations method such as cluster, Entropy, to the pit or protrusion on workpiece Divide and carry out automatic threshold segmentation, Blob analysis is carried out to the bianry image after segmentation, obtains the area information of concavo-convex portion.
Surface particles detection uses global threshold partitioning algorithm, carries out Threshold segmentation to the little particle of workpiece surface, to point Bianry image after cutting carries out Blob analysis, obtains the information such as size and the quantity of particle.
When doing Classification and Identification experiment, Different categories of samples can be marked by developer in the picture, be stored in sample set, Pass through MAD algorithm, absolute error and algorithm, error sum of squares algorithm isotype matching algorithm pair in real-time grading Sample carries out matching classification, similarity and position coordinates after being matched.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of automated detection system based on machine vision, it is characterised in that: include at least:
The electronic control translation stage (1) of NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection is installed;Above-mentioned NI Vision Builder for Automated Inspection includes the multiple of acquisition image information Image capture device, the image processing system that image is handled and obtains processing result and human-computer interaction module;Each The signal output terminal of image capture device carries out data interaction by the I/0 terminal of data line and image processing system;It is above-mentioned The I/0 terminal of image processing system carries out data interaction by data line and human-computer interaction module;
Workbench below multiple images acquisition equipment;Conveyer belt (3) and automatically controlled rotation are installed on above-mentioned workbench Platform (2);
For measured piece to be moved to the robot (4) on conveyer belt (3) or electronically controlled rotary table (2);
Control the electrical control cabinet (5) of robot (4), conveyer belt (3) and electronically controlled rotary table (2) movement.
2. according to claim 1 based on the automated detection system of machine vision, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned machine vision system System further includes the motion bracket for installing multiple images acquisition equipment, and above-mentioned motion bracket includes that the level being fixed on the worktable is slided Rail (1-1), the horizontal slide rail vertical with horizontal slide rail (1-1) (1-5), the vertical rails (1- being fixed on horizontal slide rail (1-5) 2);Above-mentioned horizontal slide rail (1-1), horizontal slide rail (1-5) and vertical rails (1-2) three are mutually perpendicular to, and horizontal slide rail (1-1) It is located in horizontal plane with horizontal slide rail (1-5);Horizontal slider (1-4), above-mentioned transverse direction are provided on above-mentioned horizontal slide rail (1-1) Sliding rail (1-5) is fixedly connected with horizontal slider (1-4);Multiple vertical sliding block (1- are provided on above-mentioned vertical rails (1-2) 3) a camera mounting rod (1-6) and illuminator mounting rod (1-7), are fixed on above-mentioned vertical sliding block (1-3).
3. according to claim 2 based on the automated detection system of machine vision, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned machine vision system System further includes the motor for driving horizontal slider (1-4) and vertical sliding block (1-3) movement.
4. the automated detection system based on machine vision described in -3 any one according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned electricity Controlling turntable (2) includes traffic cycle pedestal (2-1), is equipped with traffic cycle on above-mentioned traffic cycle pedestal (2-1), at above-mentioned big turn U-bracket (2-2) is installed on disk, mini-roundabout (2-3), the diameter of above-mentioned traffic cycle are installed on above-mentioned U-bracket (2-2) Greater than the diameter of mini-roundabout;Above-mentioned electronically controlled rotary table (2) further includes the motor for driving traffic cycle movement, mini-roundabout is driven to act Motor.
5. according to claim 4 based on the automated detection system of machine vision, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned image procossing system System includes Angle Measurement Module, distance-measurement module, roundness measurement module, surface scratch detection module, concave-convex surface detection mould Block and surface particles detection module.
6. a kind of detection method of the automated detection system based on machine vision as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that Include the following steps:
Step 1: part to be measured is placed on conveyer belt (3) or electronically controlled rotary table (2);
Step 2: according to the characteristic and testing goal of part to be measured, adjust on electronic control translation stage (1) corresponding camera and headlamp to Target position, later on camera and headlamp obtain the image of measured piece;
Step 3: image processing system handles camera acquired image, and the result of processing is passed through into human-computer interaction Module is shown.
CN201811548579.XA 2018-12-18 2018-12-18 Automated detection system and detection method based on machine vision Pending CN109724987A (en)

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CN116091504A (en) * 2023-04-11 2023-05-09 山东泰和能源股份有限公司 Connecting pipe connector quality detection method based on image processing
CN116091504B (en) * 2023-04-11 2023-08-11 山东泰和能源股份有限公司 Connecting pipe connector quality detection method based on image processing
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Application publication date: 20190507