CN109723554B - Central distribution plasma cracking activation oil supplementing device and method - Google Patents
Central distribution plasma cracking activation oil supplementing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109723554B CN109723554B CN201811573561.5A CN201811573561A CN109723554B CN 109723554 B CN109723554 B CN 109723554B CN 201811573561 A CN201811573561 A CN 201811573561A CN 109723554 B CN109723554 B CN 109723554B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for cracking and activating oil supplement by centrally distributed plasmas, which comprises a pre-combustion cracking chamber with through ports at two ends and a plasma regulating and controlling chamber connected to one end of the pre-combustion cracking chamber, wherein an oil supplement injection nozzle is arranged in the pre-combustion cracking chamber and is communicated with an oil supply device, and a discharge structure is arranged at the central shaft of the plasma regulating and controlling chamber. The micromolecule gaseous fuel and the active groups formed after the precombustion cracking and the plasma synergetic cracking have higher reaction activity, so that the initiation energy can be obviously reduced, the initiation time can be shortened, the detonation frequency can be improved when the cracked micromolecule fuel and the active groups are introduced into the rotary detonation engine, and the purpose of realizing liquid fuel-air detonation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aeroengines, in particular to a device and a method for cracking, activating and oil supplementing by centrally distributed plasmas.
Background
With the rapid development of aerospace industry, the demand for high-performance propulsion and power systems is increasing, and the performance indexes of the propulsion and power systems are also related to the design parameters of the aircraft. In order to improve the performance of the propulsion system, the adoption of efficient combustion organization and energy utilization mode become important means in research. The conventional power system, such as a turbine engine, a rocket engine and the like, adopts an isobaric combustion mode, and has low cycle efficiency. The combustion method includes a knocking combustion method of approximately equal volume in addition to knocking. Research shows that the detonation combustion has high thermodynamic cycle efficiency, high energy release density and extremely high heat release rate. For this reason detonation engines have gained increasing attention, have also made great progress and have been of engineering use in the aerospace field.
The kerosene-air detonation is always the core technology and the international problem of a rotary detonation engine, and the energy of direct detonation of kerosene-air mixture is very large and difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a center distribution plasma activation oil supplementing device which has the advantage of realizing kerosene-air detonation.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a central distribution plasma activation oil supplementing device, includes the precombustion pyrolysis chamber of both ends opening and connects precombustion pyrolysis chamber one end and regulates and control the room with the plasma of precombustion pyrolysis chamber intercommunication, be provided with the oil supplementing injection nozzle in the precombustion pyrolysis chamber, the oil supplementing injection nozzle communicates with oil supply unit, be provided with the discharge structure in the plasma regulation and control room, the discharge structure includes high voltage electrode and low voltage electrode, the low voltage electrode is protruding including the metal that sets up on plasma regulation and control indoor wall, high voltage electrode is including setting up the conducting rod that sets up at plasma regulation and control room central point and follow the axial of plasma regulation and control room.
According to the technical scheme, one end of the pre-combustion cracking chamber is connected to the tail end of the combustion chamber, the other end of the pre-combustion cracking chamber is connected to the air inlet front end of the rotary detonation engine, when the rotary detonation engine is used, fuel is ignited in the combustion chamber firstly, high-temperature gas sprayed out of the combustion chamber enters the pre-combustion cracking chamber, kerosene is sprayed into the pre-combustion cracking chamber through the oil supplementing injection nozzle, the kerosene sprayed into the pre-combustion cracking chamber is cracked under the action of high temperature in the pre-combustion cracking chamber, then cracked products pass through the plasma regulating and controlling chamber, at the moment, plasma and thermal cracking products in the plasma regulating and controlling chamber further undergo cracking reaction, and micromolecular gaseous fuel and active groups formed after the collaborative cracking of the pre-combustion cracking and the plasma can remarkably improve the fuel activity, so that the initiation energy can be remarkably reduced when the cracked micromolecular fuel and the active groups are introduced into the rotary detonation engine, The detonation time is shortened, the detonation frequency is improved, and the purpose of realizing kerosene-air detonation is achieved. In use, plasma is generated between the metal projection and the conductive rod.
Preferably, the number of the metal protrusions is multiple, the metal protrusions are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the plasma regulation and control chamber, and the distances between the metal protrusions and the conducting rods are the same.
Through the technical scheme, the discharging distance between the conducting rod and the metal protrusion is the same, so that plasmas generated in the plasma regulation and control chamber are more uniform, and the products subjected to high-temperature cracking can be subjected to better plasma cracking.
Preferably, the conducting rod is connected with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixed at one end of the plasma regulating and controlling chamber, which is far away from the pre-combustion cracking chamber, and the fixing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes.
Through the technical scheme, the conductive rod can be conveniently fixed at the central position of the plasma regulation and control chamber through the fixing plate, the distance between the conductive rod and the top end of the metal protrusion is consistent everywhere, and the discharge between the conductive rod and the metal protrusion can meet the requirements.
Preferably, the fixed plate can be dismantled and connect on the plasma regulation and control room, the plasma regulation and control room can be dismantled and connect on the precombustion pyrolysis chamber, all be provided with insulating gasket between fixed plate and the plasma regulation and control room and between plasma regulation and control room and the precombustion pyrolysis chamber.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, because when discharging, the fixed plate is high voltage electrode, consequently to avoid on the fixed plate and be provided with insulating gasket between flange and fixed plate with the phenomenon of discharging between flange, and in use the conducting rod will discharge to the metal bulge, consequently can lead to plasma regulation and control room also electrified, and can avoid current transfer to precombustion cracking chamber on through the insulating gasket between plasma regulation and control room and the precombustion cracking chamber, and then make precombustion cracking chamber be difficult for receiving the influence of discharging.
Preferably, the insulating gasket comprises a ceramic gasket.
Through the technical scheme, the ceramic gasket has good insulating property and long service life in use.
Preferably, the two ends of the plasma regulation and control chamber are provided with first connecting flanges.
Through the technical scheme, the plasma regulation and control chamber is conveniently connected with the pre-combustion cracking chamber and the rotary detonation engine.
Preferably, a second connecting flange is arranged at the connecting end of the pre-combustion cracking chamber and the plasma regulating and controlling chamber, the first connecting flange is connected with the second connecting flange, and the insulating gasket is positioned between the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, conveniently be connected plasma regulation and control room and precombustion pyrolysis chamber, be difficult for dropping when fixing insulating gasket between first flange and second flange simultaneously, play better insulating effect to plasma regulation and control room and precombustion pyrolysis chamber.
Preferably, the fixing plate is fixed on the first connecting flange, and the insulating gasket is located between the first connecting flange and the fixing plate.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the fixed plate is difficult for taking place to drop when fixed plate is fixed through first flange, and the difficult emergence of fixed plate in use is rocked simultaneously.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a cracking method, which has the advantage of realizing kerosene-air detonation.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a method of cracking a biomass, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: creating a high temperature environment in the pre-combustion cracking chamber;
step two: after the temperature in the pre-combustion cracking chamber rises, fuel is sprayed into the pre-combustion cracking chamber, and the fuel is subjected to high-temperature cracking;
step three: and introducing the high-temperature cracked fuel into a plasma regulating and controlling chamber, activating the high-temperature cracked fuel by using the plasma formed by discharge, and regulating and controlling the distribution of cracked fuel components.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. kerosene can be cracked and introduced into the rotary detonation engine for detonation combustion, so that the detonation energy can be obviously reduced, the detonation time can be shortened, the detonation frequency can be improved, and the purpose of realizing kerosene-air detonation can be achieved;
2. through the synergistic effect of the thermal effect of the pre-combustion gas and the chemical effect of the plasma, the kerosene is cracked into small molecular gaseous fuel, and the initiation energy is obviously reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, mainly illustrating the structure of the metal bump and the conductive bar;
fig. 2 is a second cross-sectional view of the first embodiment, mainly highlighting the location of the through-holes.
Reference numerals: 1. a precombustion cracking chamber; 2. an oil-supplementing injection nozzle; 3. a plasma conditioning chamber; 4. a metal projection; 5. a conductive rod; 6. a fixing plate; 7. a through hole; 8. a first connecting flange; 9. a second connecting flange; 10. an insulating spacer; 11. a combustion chamber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a central distribution plasma activation oil supplementing device comprises a pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 with two end openings and a plasma regulation and control chamber 3 connected to one end of the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1, wherein an oil supplementing injection nozzle 2 is arranged in the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1, and a discharge structure is arranged in the plasma regulation and control chamber 3, wherein the oil supplementing injection nozzle 2 is communicated with an oil supply device.
The shape of the plasma regulation and control chamber 3 is a hollow cylinder with two through ports, the two ends of the plasma regulation and control chamber 3 are provided with first connecting flanges 8, and the first connecting flanges 8 can conveniently communicate the plasma regulation and control chamber 3 with other parts.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 is cylindrical, the through openings at the two ends of the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 are provided with second connecting flanges 9 having the same structure as the first connecting flanges 8, and the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 can be conveniently connected with the combustion chamber 11 and the plasma control chamber 3 through the second connecting flanges 9. The oil injection port of the oil-supplementing injection nozzle 2 is positioned inside the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1, and the oil-supplementing injection nozzle 2 can be one or more, and the purpose is to ensure that the oil injected into the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 is more uniform.
The discharge structure includes high voltage electrode and low voltage electrode, will produce plasma between high voltage electrode and low voltage electrode during discharging, and the distance of the discharge end distance low voltage electrode of high voltage electrode is 3~5 millimeters in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the low-voltage electrode in this embodiment includes a metal protrusion 4 disposed on the inner wall of the plasma conditioning chamber 3, and the high-voltage electrode includes a conductive rod 5 disposed in the plasma conditioning chamber 3. The inner wall equipartition that metal arch 4 surrounded plasma regulation and control room 3 has a plurality ofly, and conducting rod 5 is located the central point of plasma regulation and control room 3 and puts, and conducting rod 5 is encircleed by metal arch 4, is provided with the convex lug of 4 sides of going to metal arch with metal arch 4 just to the department on conducting rod 5, and the cooperation through lug and metal arch 4 makes things convenient for between high voltage electrode and the low voltage electrode to discharge, and the lug is all the same apart from every metal arch 4's distance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fixing plate 6 is disposed at one end of the conductive rod 5, the fixing plate 6 is made of metal and has a plate shape, the fixing plate 6 is fixed on a first connecting flange 8 at one end of the plasma control chamber 3 away from the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1, an insulating gasket 10 is disposed between the first connecting flange 8 and the fixing plate 6, and a plurality of through holes 7 are disposed on the fixing plate 6 for facilitating entry of cracked fuel in the plasma control chamber 3 into the rotary detonation engine. The plasma regulation and control chamber 3 and the precombustion cracking chamber 1 are connected with each other through the first connecting flange 8 and the second connecting flange 9 in the later stage, an insulating gasket 10 is also arranged between the first connecting flange 8 and the second connecting flange 9, meanwhile, after the plasma regulation and control chamber 3 is connected with the rotary detonation engine, the fixing plate 6 is located between the first connecting flange 8 and the rotary detonation engine, and the insulating gasket 10 is also arranged between the fixing plate 6 and the rotary detonation engine.
Wherein the insulating gasket 10 comprises a ceramic gasket.
In the embodiment, the oil supply device is an oil tank and an oil pump, the oil pump is communicated with the oil supplementing injection nozzle 2, when the device is used, kerosene in the oil tank is led into the oil supplementing injection nozzle 2 by the oil pump, and then the kerosene in the oil supplementing injection nozzle 2 is injected into the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1.
The combustion chamber 11 is the existing device, all has the device on the aeroengine, and during the use, the shower nozzle blowout fuel in the combustion chamber 11, then ignition device will the fuel of shower nozzle blowout can, the fuel will be spouted into in the precombustion pyrolysis chamber 1 after burning in the combustion chamber 11 for there is sufficient temperature for the kerosene schizolysis in the precombustion pyrolysis chamber 1.
When the device is used, one end of the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 is arranged at the tail end of the combustion chamber 11, the plasma regulating and controlling chamber 3 is connected to the rotary detonation engine, high temperature is generated in the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 through the combustion chamber 11, then kerosene is sprayed into the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 and is cracked in the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1, cracked substances enter the plasma regulating and controlling chamber 3 to be subjected to plasma cracking, finally, the kerosene is cracked into micromolecule gaseous fuels through the synergistic effect of the thermal effect of pre-combustion gas and the chemical effect of plasma, and the micromolecule gaseous fuels enter the rotary detonation engine to be subjected to detonation combustion.
Because the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 and the plasma regulating chamber 3 are in high-temperature environment, the materials of the components in the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 and the plasma regulating chamber 3 are high-temperature resistant materials.
Example two:
a pyrolysis method, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: creating a high temperature environment in the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1;
step two: after the temperature in the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1 rises, fuel is sprayed into the pre-combustion cracking chamber 1, and the fuel is subjected to high-temperature cracking;
step three: the fuel after high temperature cracking is led into a plasma regulating and controlling chamber 3, the plasma formed by discharging activates the fuel after high temperature cracking, and then the distribution of the components of the fuel after cracking is regulated and controlled.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a center distribution plasma activation oil supplementing device which characterized in that: including precombustion pyrolysis chamber (1) of both ends opening and connect precombustion pyrolysis chamber (1) one end and with plasma regulation and control room (3) of precombustion pyrolysis chamber (1) intercommunication, be provided with in precombustion pyrolysis chamber (1) and supply oil nozzle (2), supply oil nozzle (2) and oil supply unit intercommunication, be provided with the discharge structure in plasma regulation and control room (3), the discharge structure includes high voltage electrode and low voltage electrode, the low voltage electrode is including setting up metal arch (4) on plasma regulation and control room (3) inner wall, high voltage electrode is including setting up conducting rod (5) that set up in plasma regulation and control room (3) central point and along the axial setting of plasma regulation and control room.
2. The center distribution plasma activation oil supplementing device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the metal protrusions (4) is multiple, the metal protrusions (4) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the plasma regulation and control chamber (3), and the distances between the metal protrusions (4) and the conducting rods (5) are the same.
3. The center distribution plasma activation oil supplementing device according to claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized in that a fixing plate (6) is connected onto the conducting rod (5), the fixing plate (6) is fixed at one end, deviating from the pre-combustion cracking chamber (1), of the plasma regulation and control chamber (3), and a plurality of through holes (7) are formed in the fixing plate (6).
4. The center distribution plasma activated oil supplementing device according to claim 3, wherein: fixed plate (6) can be dismantled and connect on plasma regulation and control room (3), plasma regulation and control room (3) can be dismantled and connect on precombustion pyrolysis chamber (1), all be provided with insulating gasket (10) between fixed plate (6) and plasma regulation and control room (3) and between plasma regulation and control room (3) and precombustion pyrolysis chamber (1).
5. The center distribution plasma activated oil supplementing device according to claim 4, wherein: the insulating gasket (10) comprises a ceramic gasket.
6. The center distribution plasma activated oil supplementing device according to claim 4, wherein: and first connecting flanges (8) are arranged at two ends of the plasma regulation and control chamber (3).
7. The center distribution plasma activated oil supplementing device according to claim 6, wherein: the connection end of the pre-combustion cracking chamber (1) and the plasma regulation and control chamber (3) is provided with a second connecting flange (9), the first connecting flange (8) is connected with the second connecting flange (9), and the insulating gasket (10) is positioned between the first connecting flange (8) and the second connecting flange (9).
8. The center distribution plasma activated oil supplementing device according to claim 6, wherein: the fixing plate (6) is fixed on the first connecting flange (8), and the insulating gasket (10) is located between the first connecting flange (8) and the fixing plate (6).
9. A pyrolysis method, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: creating a high temperature environment in the pre-combustion cracking chamber (1);
step two: after the temperature in the pre-combustion cracking chamber (1) rises, fuel is sprayed into the pre-combustion cracking chamber (1) to carry out high-temperature cracking on the fuel;
step three: and introducing the high-temperature cracked fuel into a plasma regulating and controlling chamber, activating the high-temperature cracked fuel by using the plasma formed by discharge, and regulating and controlling the distribution of cracked fuel components.
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| CN201811573561.5A CN109723554B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Central distribution plasma cracking activation oil supplementing device and method |
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| CN201811573561.5A CN109723554B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Central distribution plasma cracking activation oil supplementing device and method |
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| CN109723554A CN109723554A (en) | 2019-05-07 |
| CN109723554B true CN109723554B (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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| CN112963273B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-07-01 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Self-air-entraining kerosene pre-combustion cracking activation device and method for concave cavity flame stabilizer |
| CN114001376B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-03-14 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Gas collection cavity plasma activation explosion-assisted rotary detonation combustion chamber |
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| CN101761940A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-30 | 上海中科清洁能源技术发展中心 | Non-equilibrium thermodynamics plasma igniting and combustion-supporting device |
| CN101881238A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-11-10 | 西北工业大学 | Air-breathing pulse detonation engine and detonation method thereof |
| CN103900106A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Dual-fuel nozzle for plasma catalysis gaseous fuel |
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2018
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| CN101761940A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2010-06-30 | 上海中科清洁能源技术发展中心 | Non-equilibrium thermodynamics plasma igniting and combustion-supporting device |
| CN101881238A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-11-10 | 西北工业大学 | Air-breathing pulse detonation engine and detonation method thereof |
| CN103900106A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-07-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Dual-fuel nozzle for plasma catalysis gaseous fuel |
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